EP1815061B1 - Strand with increased adherence to metal disks - Google Patents

Abstract

A rope (1) or rope element (2, 3) is disclosed having in a manner known per se a reinforcement (4) made of a fibrous material different from the rope or rope element fibrous material. The claimed rope or rope element is characterised in that the fibrous material of which the reinforcement is made comprises at least in part (a) at least one multifilament thread (5''') and/or staple fibre thread (5') and/or (b) at least one monofilament (5).

Description

The present invention relates to a rope or a rope element, which is used for the production of a rope.

From the EP 0 150 702 B2 a rope is known, which as such or its rope elements has a so-called "reinforcement" of a fiber material or deviate from the fiber material of the rope or the rope elements.

With the in the EP 0 150 702 B2 described reinforcement, it is possible to achieve a significantly increased service life and tear resistance of the rope in the alternating bending stress as well as a diversion to tight radii or sharp edges.

Under "reinforcement" is for the purposes of the present invention, a wrapping, braiding, knitting, etc. of the fiber material of the rope or the cable element to be provided, but the surface of the fiber material of the rope or the cable element is not completely covered.

A reinforcement in the context of the present invention is therefore to be distinguished from a complete sheathing of a rope or a rope element, in which the entire surface is covered by another material.

From the DE 2 222 312 It is known, for reducing the energy when rewinding heavily loaded ropes when breaking monofilaments of different elongation at break store in the rope or to wrap the rope with it.

In the US-A 4,563,869 It is also proposed to use yarns having different elongation properties.

It has been shown that ropes according to the doctrine of EP 0 150 702 in particular if they are used in the form of industrial parts, for example as a paper guide rope, although they have an increased service life, but in particular have insufficient static friction properties at the beginning of use when guiding over smooth surfaces. The rope slips through and can only be driven inadequately or not at all.

Only with longer use of the ropes improves this situation, since parts of the relatively hard reinforcement tear open and form a "brush" through which the drive succeeds. This is However, in turn associated with the disadvantage that fragments of the reinforcement for dusting and contamination of machine parts that come into contact with the rope lead.

The object of the present invention is to overcome the mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and in particular to provide a cable which, with at least a consistently high service life and load capacity, additionally has improved static friction properties.

1. a) zumindest ein Multifilamentgarn und/oder Stapelfasergarn und
2. b) zumindest ein Monofilament

vorgesehen ist.This object is achieved with a rope or a rope element, which in a conventional manner has a reinforcement of the fiber material of the rope or the rope element deviating fiber material, characterized in that as the fiber material of the reinforcement at least partially

1. a) at least one multifilament yarn and / or Stapelfasergarn and
2. b) at least one monofilament

is provided.

In the context of the present invention, "rope element" means any subunit of a rope, e.g. a strand or a twine used as a fibrous material, which forms with other subunits a rope or larger subunits of a rope.

Furthermore, if in the following a rope element is mentioned, these embodiments always refer to that form of the present invention in which an entire rope is provided as such with a reinforcement.

A "deviating" fiber material is to be understood as meaning a fiber material which differs from the fiber material of the rope or rope element, e.g. in terms of its chemical nature (e.g., different base polymer) or textile properties such as titer, texturing, twisting (e.g., twisting), etc.

When using a material a) and b) as at least partial component of the reinforcement of a rope element or a rope, the static friction and Abriebeigenschaften the rope can be increased in an excellent manner, without affecting the life and resilience are adversely affected. On the contrary, ropes according to the invention can even have a longer service life than ropes known from the prior art.

The material a) is preferably a multifilament yarn and / or staple fiber yarn from the group consisting of polyacrylate, polyamide, aramid, preferably p-aramid, HM-polyethylene, polybenzoxazole and mixtures thereof.

These materials have a comparatively low hardness, i. better deformability in transverse pressure, and therefore a higher static friction, which is hereinafter referred to as "higher grip". These are not monofilaments, but threads, yarns and threads of multifilaments or staple fibers. In particular staple fiber yarns increase grip. The better deformability in the case of transverse pressure also leads to a longer service life for the abrasion stress typical of industrial parts.

Particularly preferably, the multifilament yarn of the material a) is textured.

In particular, at least one polyacrylate staple fiber yarn and / or one polyamide BCF multifilament yarn is provided as material a).

The staple fiber yarn or multifilament yarn of the material a) can preferably be used in a titer range from 500 dtex to 4500 dtex.

In a further preferred embodiment, the material a) and / or the material b) is present at least partly in impregnated form.

A suitable impregnation also increases the grip of the materials used, which is particularly advantageous for material b).

At least one optionally impregnated monofilament from the group consisting of polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and mixtures thereof is preferably used as material b).

Also suitable as material b) are all non-impregnated monofilaments which have improved stiction properties compared with monofilaments conventionally used as reinforcing material.

Particularly suitable as material b) are monofilaments having an elongation at break of at least 27%. The use of monofilaments with higher elongation at break (and thus lower hardness or better deformability at transverse pressure) increases the life of the rope.

By a surface impregnation of the material a) or the material b) both the static friction value can be increased and the abrasion resistance and thus the service life can be improved. For impregnation it is possible to use conventional textile impregnating agents such as fatty acid esters, waxes, silicones, fluorocarbons and polyurethanes or mixtures thereof.

In the context of the present invention, not only the reinforcing material as such, but also at least a part of the rope elements or the rope as such or the fiber material of the rope or the rope elements can be present in impregnated form.

1. i) nicht imprägniert ist und/oder
2. ii) eine Bruchdehnung von weniger als 27% aufweist,

vorgesehen ist.A particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention is that as reinforcement a combination of the material a) and a material c) in the form of at least one unimpregnated monofilament, which

1. i) is not impregnated and / or
2. ii) has an elongation at break of less than 27%,

is provided.

At least one monofilament from the group consisting of polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and mixtures thereof is preferably provided as material c).

A combination of the material a) with the material c) is to be understood in particular as meaning that a cable element, e.g. a twine, reinforced with a certain number of threads of material a) and with a certain number of threads of the material c), i. e.g. braided or umstrickt is.

The ratio of the sum of the proportions of material a) to the proportions of material c) in the combination is 3: 1 to 1: 7, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 4.

The ratio is the numerical ratio between the number of threads of material a) and the threads of the material c) to understand.

This will be explained with reference to a twist, which is provided in a conventional manner with a reinforcement in the form of a braid of 16 threads. 4 threads of a staple fiber yarn according to the specification of the material a) are formed, the remaining 12 Threads are formed from unimpregnated monofilament according to the specification of material c). In this case, the ratio of the proportions of material a) to the proportions of material c) is 4:12, ie 1: 3.

The rope or the rope element is preferably wound around the fiber material of the reinforcement, braided, umstrickt, crochet, umwebt and / or umwirkt. The type of attachment of the reinforcement can also affect the grip of the rope element or the rope.

Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which at least a part of the rope elements of the rope braided by the fiber material of the reinforcement and another part of the rope elements is surrounded by the fiber material of the reinforcement.

Furthermore, an embodiment of a rope is preferred in which a part of the strands of threads of the material a) and a different part of the strands of threads of the material c) are braided.

In further embodiments, a portion of the strands of threads of the materials a) and b) may be knit and another part of the strands of threads of the material c) braided or a part of the strands with threads of the materials a), b) and c) knits and another part of the strands with threads of the materials a), b) and c) be braided.

The grip of the rope or rope element can be influenced not only by the type of reinforcement, but also by the choice of the fiber material of the rope element.

A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is therefore characterized in that optionally impregnated multifilament yarns of polyamide and / or polyester multifilaments are provided as the fiber material of the cable element.

For example, as a fiber material for the construction of a strand of the rope according to the invention, a polyamide yarn PA 6 with a titer of 8800 dtex (twist with 80 T / m) can be used.

More preferably, these multifilament yarns are mixed with textured multifilament yarns and / or staple fiber yarns. The texturing of the Multfilamentgame or beyond the reinforcement hairs of the staple fiber yarns cause a further increase in the Grips.

A preferred embodiment of the cable element according to the invention is a thread which is reinforced with threads of the material a) and b) or optionally with threads of the material c).

Two or more twisted twines can be combined into one strand.

However, a cable element according to the invention in the form of a strand of two or more, optionally reinforced twines can also be reinforced as such, i. the strand consisting of several twines is braided or knitted by a reinforcing material, as provided according to the invention, etc.

The threads forming a strand can be arranged in parallel, twisted, twisted and / or braided in a manner known per se.

The present invention further relates to a rope, in particular industrial part, which contains at least one rope element reinforced according to the invention.

The rope according to the invention can be constructed such that it has, in addition to one or more rope element (s) reinforced according to the invention, further rope elements which have no reinforcement. For example, part of the strands forming the rope may be reinforced with the material a) and b) while other strands are unreinforced.

Further preferred is an embodiment in which, apart from rope elements (e.g., strands) reinforced with the material a) and b), the rope also has rope elements reinforced exclusively with the material c). Also in this embodiment, the rope may additionally have rope elements that are not reinforced at all.

As already mentioned, the cable according to the invention can also be provided with a reinforcement of the material a) and b) and optionally the material c), which is applied to the finished rope.

The ropes according to the invention can be braided or turned or beaten in a conventional manner. It can be hollow cables and core ropes.

The ropes according to the invention are distinguished from known ropes, in particular known paper guide ropes, by an increased static friction.

The static friction coefficient determined according to the measuring method described below is preferably more than 1.20, preferably more than 1.25, particularly preferably more than 1.30.

Accordingly, ropes according to the invention are particularly suitable as an industrial part; in particular paper guide rope.

The invention is described in more detail below by the figures and exemplary embodiments:

Brief description of the figures:

• FIG. 1 schematically shows a cross section through an embodiment of the cable according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross section through an armored strand.
• FIG. 3 schematically shows a cross section through a further embodiment of an inventive braided strand.
• FIG. 4 schematically shows a longitudinal section of the strand according to FIG. 3 ,
• FIGS. 5 and 6 show schematically a cross section ( Fig. 5 ) or a longitudinal section ( Fig. 6 ) by a further embodiment of an inventive braided strand.
• FIG. 7 schematically shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the cable according to the invention.

An embodiment of a braided cable 1 according to the invention FIG. 1 consists essentially of strands 2.

In the form according to FIG. 2 a strand 2 consists of two twines 3, which may for example be parallel or twisted together. The strand 2 is braided with a reinforcement 4, which in the example according to FIG. 2 consists of 16 impregnated polyamide monofilaments 5 with an elongation at break of 26%.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4 the strand 2 is braided with a reinforcement 4, which in turn consists of 16 threads, 4 threads 5 'of a PAC Stapelfasergarn (ie, a material a)) and the remaining 12 threads 5 "from a unimpregnated polyamide monofilament having an elongation at break of 26% (ie, a material c)).

The resulting reinforcement pattern is from the longitudinal section according to FIG. 4 seen.

In a further embodiment, not shown, the 12 threads of the polyamide monofilament described above may also be present in impregnated form (material b)).

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6 are as reinforcement 4 four yarn threads 5 'of PAC staple fiber yarn (material a)), 8 yarn threads 5 "of unimpregnated polyamide monofilament with an elongation at break of 26% (material c)) and 4 yarn threads 5'" of polyamide BCF Yarn (another material a)) provided. The resulting reinforcement pattern is from the longitudinal section according to FIG. 6 seen.

The embodiment of the rope according to the invention according to FIG. 7 comprises two different strand types 2 'and 2 "The strand 2' is braided with unimpregnated polyamide monofilaments having an elongation at break of 26% (material c), while the strand 2" is braided with a PAC staple fiber yarn (material a)). is knit.

Examples

There were ropes with the in FIG. 1 In each case a PA6 multifilament yarn with 8500 dtex (twisted yarn with 80 T / m) was used as fiber material of the twines used for the construction of the strands.

The strands were reinforced with different fiber materials and made of the braided strands in a conventional manner a rope.

To determine the static friction properties of the rope, the rope was drawn circumferentially over a stationary metal drum made of ST 60 steel in accordance with the test standard ASTM D 3108-01. The metal drum is mounted non-rotatably and provided with a torque sensor. Due to the adhesion of the rope, a torque is generated on the train of the metal drum, which is a measure of the static friction value.

To perform a measurement, a test specimen with a length of about 2 m is used. One end of the rope is loaded with a tension weight of 5 kg, the rope is guided with a wrapping angle of about 90 ° over the metal drum with the torque sensor and a subsequent guide roller and clamped at the other end in a drive pulley. By means of the drive pulley, a pull is exerted on the rope, so that the drive pulley together with the rope rotates from the starting point by 90 °, and the force acting on the metal drum is measured. The result is a static friction index, which can be used for the relative comparison of test specimens.

The following table lists the measurements obtained with ropes whose strands were reinforced with different materials: table example reinforcement material Coefficient of static friction 1 12 polyamide monofilaments, not impregnated, elongation at break 26% 1.51 4 yarn threads made of staple staple yarn 560 dtex ( Figures 3 u. 4) 2 16 Polyamide monofilaments, breaking elongation 26%, impregnated ( FIG. 2 ) 1.32 3 12 Polyamide monofilaments, elongation at break 26%, impregnated 1.44 4 yarn threads made of staple staple yarn 560 dtex ( Figures 3 u. 4) 4 8 polyamide monofilaments, breaking elongation 26%, not impregnated, 1.45 4 yarn threads made of 560 dtex PAC staple yarn 4 threads made of polyamide BCF multifilament yarn 800 dtex ( FIGS. 5 and 6 ) 5 4 strands of rope with PAC Stapelfasergarn 560 dtex umstrickt, the remaining strands with 16 polyamide monofilaments, breaking elongation 26%, not impregnated, braided 1.31 6 (comparison) 16 Polyamide monofilaments, elongation at break 26%, not impregnated 1.19

The table shows the significant improvement of the static friction of the rope compared to a rope with a conventional reinforcement (experiment 6).

Claims (20)

1. A rope (1) or a rope element (2, 3) which comprises, in a manner known per se, a reinforcement (4) made of a fibre material varying from the fibre material of the rope or the rope element, respectively, characterized in that, as the fibre material of the reinforcement, at least partially

   a) at least one multifilament yarn (5"') and/or staple fibre yarn (5') and

   b) at least one monofilament (5, 5")

   are provided.
2. A rope or a rope element according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one multifilament yarn (5"') and/or staple fibre yarn (5') from the group consisting of polyacrylate, polyamide, aramide, HM-polyethylene, polybenzoxazol and mixtures thereof is/are provided as the material a).
3. A rope or a rope element according to any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the multifilament yarn (5"') of material a) is textured.
4. A rope or a rope element according to any of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that at least one polyacrylate staple fibre yarn (5') and/or one polyamide BCF multifilament yarn (5"') is/are provided as the material a).
5. A rope or a rope element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material a) and/or the material b) is/are present at least partly in an impregnated form.
6. A rope or a rope element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one Monofilament (5) from the group consisting of polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and mixtures thereof, which optionally has been impregnated, is provided as the material b).
7. A rope or a rope element according to claim 6, characterized in that the monofilament of material b) has an elongation at break of at least 27%.
8. A rope or a rope element according to any of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the material a) or the material b), respectively, is impregnated with a material selected from the group consisting of fatty acid esters, waxes, silicones, fluorocarbons and polyurethanes or mixtures thereof, which material increases the static friction.
9. A rope or a rope element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a combination of the material a) as well as a material c) in the form of at least one monofilament (5"), which

   i) is non-impregnated and/or

   ii) has an elongation at break of less than 27%,

   is provided as the reinforcement.
10. A rope or a rope element according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one monofilament (5") from the group consisting of polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and mixtures thereof is provided as the material c).
11. A rope or a rope element according to any of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the ratio of the sum of the portions of material a) to the portions of material c) in the combination ranges from 3:1 to 1:7, preferably from 1:1 to 1:4.
12. A rope or a rope element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibre material of the reinforcement (4) is braided around at least a portion of the rope elements (2, 3) and the fibre material of the reinforcement is knitted around a further portion of the rope elements.
13. A rope or a rope element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that multifilament yarns from polyamide and/or polyester multifilaments, which optionally have been impregnated, are provided as the fibre material of the rope or the rope elements.
14. A rope or a rope element according to claim 13, characterized in that textured multifilament yarns and/or staple fibre yarns are admixed to the multifilament yarns.
15. A rope element in the form of a strand (2) of a rope (1), which strand is composed of two or more twines (3), which optionally are reinforced, wherein the strand as such has a reinforcement (4) according to any of claims I to 12.
16. A rope element according to claim 15, characterized in that the twines (3) are present in a state in which they are arranged in parallel, twined, twisted and/or braided.
17. A rope (1), in particular an industrial rope, comprising at least one rope element (2, 3) according to any of claims 1 to 16.
18. A rope according to claim 17, comprising at least one further rope element which has no reinforcement.
19. A rope according to any of claims 17 or 18, comprising at least one further rope element (2') which has a reinforcement consisting elusively of a material c).
20. The use of a rope according to any of claims 1 to 14 and 17 to 19 as an industrial rope, especially as a paper guide rope.

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