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EP1727623B1 - Water-vapor assisted lacquering method - Google Patents

Water-vapor assisted lacquering method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1727623B1
EP1727623B1 EP05739556A EP05739556A EP1727623B1 EP 1727623 B1 EP1727623 B1 EP 1727623B1 EP 05739556 A EP05739556 A EP 05739556A EP 05739556 A EP05739556 A EP 05739556A EP 1727623 B1 EP1727623 B1 EP 1727623B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating material
fact
accordance
nozzle arrangement
water
Prior art date
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EP05739556A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1727623B2 (en
EP1727623A2 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Brendel
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TGC TECHNOLOGIE- BETEILIGUNGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH
Original Assignee
TGC Technologie- Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH
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Priority to PL05739556T priority Critical patent/PL1727623T5/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0475—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the peripheral gas flow towards the central liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B05B7/066—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/1606—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for coating substrates according to the preamble of claim 1 or to a corresponding installation according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • a coating material based on an organic binder, an adhering to a substrate, protective and possibly decorative film, the so-called paint is produced.
  • a coating material contains, in addition to macromolecular or macromolecule-forming film formers, pigments, fillers, additives and / or solvents or dispersants.
  • Solvents here are to be understood as meaning all liquids or liquid mixtures which are capable of dissolving the film former or the film formers, such as, for example, As alcohols or water.
  • a dispersant means the liquids that do not solve the film former, but keep in fine, mikroheterogener distribution, such.
  • Such coating materials can be referred to as coatings, can be applied by a variety of methods on the objects or substrates to be coated. Examples include the dip coating, brushing or spraying.
  • the coating material to be applied to the substrate is atomized by various methods into a multiplicity of small droplets, which are then deposited uniformly on the substrate in order to then reassemble into a film.
  • a sputtering method for example, it is known to drive the coating material through a nozzle arrangement, whereby it is torn after leaving the nozzle into many small droplets.
  • the coating material itself is pressed under appropriate pressure through the nozzle assembly (hydraulically) or the coating material is atomized by means of compressed air or compressed air (pneumatic), wherein the compressed air exits together with the coating material from the nozzle assembly.
  • the present invention relates to the application of paints to substrates by spraying or spraying, wherein the coating material is atomized by a nozzle assembly, such as a paint spray gun.
  • the water vapor in the low pressure range of 0.5 to 2 bar, or in the high pressure range of 2 to 10, in particular 4 to 8 bar are used.
  • water vapor as an auxiliary gas for the pneumatic spraying of substantially solvent-free enamel, since in these paints, which consist almost of 100% solids, the heated water vapor no cooling causes the molten paint during spraying or even can be dispensed with an additional heating or heating of the enamel for liquefaction.
  • a device for preventing water droplets in the water vapor is provided in the spray gun near the nozzle opening.
  • This can be formed by a heater.
  • the arrangement should be selected so that almost pure water vapor is available at the nozzle opening. Accordingly, the length of the heater or its power must be sized to achieve a sufficient increase in temperature. The same applies to the change in pressure.
  • the Fig. 1 shows in two schematic representations two different nozzle arrangements 1, which can be realized for example in a spray gun, to carry out the inventive method.
  • the nozzle assembly has an inner nozzle 2 and an outer nozzle 3, wherein the nozzle opening 4 of the inner nozzle 2 is disposed within the outer nozzle assembly 3 immediately in front of the nozzle opening 5 of the outer nozzle assembly 3.
  • the coating material transported in the inner nozzle arrangement 2 is mixed with the water vapor transported in the outer nozzle orifice 3 before the final leaving of the nozzle arrangement 1 through the nozzle opening 5 of the outer nozzle arrangement 3 with the water vapor (internal mixing).
  • the coating material located in the inner nozzle assembly 2 with only after leaving the nozzle assembly 1 with the water vapor, which has left the outer nozzle assembly 3 through the nozzle opening 5, mixed (external mixture).
  • the Fig. 2 shows in a purely schematic representation of a plant for coating substrates according to the present invention, wherein a spray gun 1 according to the nozzle arrangements of Fig. 1 is connected via a first supply line 6 with a first supply means 8 for providing and supplying the coating material to the spray gun 1, wherein via a pump 10, the coating material is conveyed in the supply line 6.
  • the spray gun 1 is further connected via a second supply line 7 to a second supply device 9, which comprises a steam generating device, generated by means of the steam required for the inventive method and can be conveyed to the spray gun 1.
  • a second supply device 9 which comprises a steam generating device, generated by means of the steam required for the inventive method and can be conveyed to the spray gun 1.
  • a booster or compression device such as a pump 11 may be provided in the second conduit 7 to bring the water vapor to the corresponding operating pressure range of 0.5 to 10 bar or 1 to 2 or 4 to 8 bar ,
  • the corresponding pressure increasing or compressing device 10 can also be integrated in the first supply means for the coating material or provided separately in the first supply line 6 (as shown).
  • the supply line is reduced in the vicinity of the discharge opening or nozzle opening 5 in cross section, so that even the smallest amounts of water droplets, which may have precipitated from the steam, are evaporated again and thus almost pure water vapor is available for the application of the coating material.
  • this is achieved by a conical region 13 in the feed line 7, which reduces the first cross section of the line 7 in the region 12 to a second cross section in the region 14.
  • Fig. 4 Another possibility is shown how the formation of water droplets in the water vapor can be counteracted.
  • an additional heating device 15 is provided immediately before or at the nozzle opening 5, by means of which the water vapor can be heated and overheated accordingly, so that all the water is in the form of water vapor.
  • a heater 15 are all known devices, such as electrical resistance heaters with windings around the line 7 or cartridges with exothermic reactive materials or fuels for use in a free space of the spray gun in question.

Landscapes

  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method or a system for coating substrates with at least one coating material which comprises at least one organic component, wherein the coating material is applied to the substrate by means of atomization and spray-painting. The invention is characterized in that the coating material is atomized by means of water vapor. The invention also relates to a system for coating substrates, wherein at least one nozzle arrangement ( 1 ) is provided in order to a atomize and spray the coating material onto a substrate, and at least one first supply device ( 8 ) which is used to prepare and supply the coating material to the nozzle arrangement ( 1 ), in addition to at least one second supply device ( 9 ) which is used to prepare and supply the steam as auxiliary gas to the nozzle arrangement ( 1 ).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Beschichten von Substraten nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bzw. eine entsprechende Anlage nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 6.The present invention relates to a method for coating substrates according to the preamble of claim 1 or to a corresponding installation according to the preamble of claim 6.

Viele Gegenstände des täglichen Bedarfs, sonstige Gebrauchsgüter oder auch gewerblich oder industriell eingesetzte Gegenstände erhalten ihr äußeres Aussehen erst durch eine Beschichtung, wobei die Beschichtung sowohl aus ästhetischen Gründen als auch zur Erzielung einer Schutzfunktion eingesetzt werden kann. Eine weit verbreitete Beschichtungsmöglichkeit ist durch Lackierverfahren gegeben, bei denen mit einem Beschichtungsstoff auf Basis eines organischen Bindemittels ein auf einem Untergrund haftender, schützender und ggf. dekorativer Film, der sog. Lack erzeugt wird. Ein derartiger Beschichtungsstoff enthält neben makromolekularen oder Makromoleküle bildenden Filmbildnern, Pigmente, Füllstoffe, Additive und/oder Löse- oder Dispersionsmittel. Unter Lösemittel sind hierbei sämtliche Flüssigkeiten oder Flüssigkeitsgemische zu verstehen, die den oder die Filmbildner zu lösen vermögen, wie z. B. Alkohole oder Wasser. Als Dispersionsmittel versteht man die Flüssigkeiten, die den Filmbildner zwar nicht lösen, jedoch in feiner, mikroheterogener Verteilung halten, wie z. B. Kohlenwasserstoffe oder Wasser.Many everyday items, other consumer goods or even commercially or industrially used items get their appearance only by a coating, the coating can be used both for aesthetic reasons as well as to achieve a protective function. A widespread coating possibility is given by painting, in which with a coating material based on an organic binder, an adhering to a substrate, protective and possibly decorative film, the so-called paint is produced. Such a coating material contains, in addition to macromolecular or macromolecule-forming film formers, pigments, fillers, additives and / or solvents or dispersants. Solvents here are to be understood as meaning all liquids or liquid mixtures which are capable of dissolving the film former or the film formers, such as, for example, As alcohols or water. As a dispersant means the liquids that do not solve the film former, but keep in fine, mikroheterogener distribution, such. As hydrocarbons or water.

Derartige Beschichtungsstoffe, die allgem. als Lacke bezeichnet werden können, können durch unterschiedlichste Verfahren auf den zu beschichtenden Gegenständen bzw. Substraten aufgebracht werden. Als Beispiele hierfür seien die Tauchlackierung, das Streichen oder Sprühverfahren genannt.Such coating materials, the general. can be referred to as coatings, can be applied by a variety of methods on the objects or substrates to be coated. Examples include the dip coating, brushing or spraying.

Insbesondere Sprüh- bzw. Spritzverfahren weisen im industriellen Einsatz eine große Bedeutung auf, da sie eine automatisierte und industrielle Fertigung mit besonders gleichmäßiger Lackbildung ermöglichen. Bei den Sprüh- bzw. Spritzverfahren wird der auf dem Substrat aufzubringende Beschichtungsstoff durch verschiedene Methoden in eine Vielzahl kleiner Tröpfchen zerstäubt, die dann gleichmäßig auf dem Substrat abgelagert werden, um dort dann wieder zu einem Film zusammenzufinden. Als Zerstäubungsmethode ist beispielsweise bekannt den Beschichtungsstoff durch eine Düsenanordnung zu treiben, wobei er nach dem Verlassen der Düse in viele kleine Tröpfchen zerrissen wird. Hierbei wird entweder der Beschichtungsstoff selbst unter entsprechendem Druck durch die Düsenanordnung gepresst (hydraulisch) oder der Beschichtungsstoff wird mittels Pressluft oder Druckluft (pneumatisch) zerstäubt, wobei die Druckluft zusammen mit dem Beschichtungsstoff aus der Düsenanordnung austritt.In particular, spraying or spraying methods are of great importance in industrial use, since they permit automated and industrial production with particularly uniform lacquer formation. In the spraying or spraying process, the coating material to be applied to the substrate is atomized by various methods into a multiplicity of small droplets, which are then deposited uniformly on the substrate in order to then reassemble into a film. As a sputtering method, for example, it is known to drive the coating material through a nozzle arrangement, whereby it is torn after leaving the nozzle into many small droplets. Here, either the coating material itself is pressed under appropriate pressure through the nozzle assembly (hydraulically) or the coating material is atomized by means of compressed air or compressed air (pneumatic), wherein the compressed air exits together with the coating material from the nozzle assembly.

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Auftragen von Lacken auf Substrate mittels Sprüh- oder Spritzverfahren, bei dem der Beschichtungsstoff durch eine Düsenanordnung, beispielsweise eine Lackierpistole, zerstäubt wird.The present invention relates to the application of paints to substrates by spraying or spraying, wherein the coating material is atomized by a nozzle assembly, such as a paint spray gun.

Bei diesen bekannten Verfahren besteht das Problem insbesondere bei der Aufbringung von wasserbasierten Lacken, bei denen also Wasser als Löse- oder Dispersionsmittel eingesetzt wird darin, dass durch Lufteinschlüsse bei pneumatischer Zerstäubung keine homogene Beschichtung auf der Substratoberfläche erzielt werden kann. Insbesondere bei Substraten mit hoher Oberflächenspannung, wie z. B. Kunststoffen, treten Inseln ohne Beschichtungsstoff in dem Lackfilm auf dem Substrat auf. Dies ist insbesondere dann problematisch, wenn die Beschichtung aus mehreren Lagen besteht und die Inselbildung bereits in der Grund- oder Haftschicht auftritt, da sich diese dann mit dem weiteren Beschichtungsaufbau fortsetzt. Insbesondere bei der Beschichtung von Kunststoffen mit sog. Haftvermittlern (Primern) mit sehr hohem Wasser- und geringem Festkörperanteil ist Inselbildung zu beobachten.In these known methods, the problem in particular in the application of water-based paints, in which so water is used as a solvent or dispersing agent is that by air inclusions with pneumatic atomization no homogeneous coating on the substrate surface can be achieved. Especially for substrates with high surface tension, such. As plastics, islands occur without coating material in the paint film on the substrate. This is particularly problematic if the coating consists of several layers and the islanding already occurs in the base or adhesive layer, as this then continues with the further coating structure. In particular, in the coating of plastics with so-called. Adhesion promoters (primers) with a very high proportion of water and low solids content islanding is observed.

Aus der GB 455,408 , GB 660,233 , US 4,816,542 und WO 00/18514 ist es bekannt Beschichtungsstoffe mit Hilfe von Wasserdampf anstelle von Luft zu zerstäuben. Allerdings beschreibt gerade die GB 660,233 , dass dies nur bei organischen Beschichtungsstoffen eingesetzt werden soll, die nicht wässrig sind oder nicht wasserlöslich sind.From the GB 455,408 . GB 660,233 . US 4,816,542 and WO 00/18514 It is known to atomize coating materials with the aid of water vapor instead of air. However, the straight describes GB 660,233 that this should only be used with organic coating materials which are not aqueous or are not water-soluble.

Es ist deshalb Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Lacken auf Substraten bereitzustellen, welches die Probleme der Inselbildung beim Lackauftrag vermeidet. Gleichzeitig soll dieses Verfahren jedoch einfach und wirtschaftlich einsetzbar sein, ohne dass große Veränderungen an bestehenden Lackieranlagen vorgenommen werden müssen.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for applying paints on substrates, which avoids the problems of islanding during paint application. At the same time, however, this method should be simple and economical to use, without having to make major changes to existing paint shops.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Anlage zum Beschichten von Substraten mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 7. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a system for coating substrates with the features of claim 7. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung hat es sich überraschend gezeigt, dass die vorstehend genannten Probleme mit der Inselbildung, insbesondere beim Auftrag von Wasserlacken auf Kunststoffen in einfacher Weise dadurch vermieden werden können, dass statt der Luft als Hilfsgas bei der pneumatischen Zerstäubung Wasserdampf eingesetzt wird. Dies vermeidet die Lufteinschlüsse im Lack und die dadurch erzeugte Inselbildung in der Lackschicht. Außerdem ist dieses Verfahren in einfacher Weise zu realisieren, da lediglich statt der Luft Wasserdampf verwendet werden muss, so dass weitgehend die bestehenden Anlagen weiter verwendet werden können. Lediglich bestimmte, den Wasserdampf führende Leitungen bzw. Dichtungen müssten entsprechend ausgelegt werden, dass sie dem Wasserdampf auf Dauer widerstehen können. Hierzu bietet sich beispielsweise an, Keramikdichtungen in den Lackierpistolen einzusetzen. Anlagentechnisch muss lediglich eine zusätzliche Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von Wasserdampf vorgesehen werden.In the present invention, it has surprisingly been found that the above-mentioned problems with the islanding, in particular when applying water-based paints to plastics in a simple manner can be avoided that instead of the air as Auxiliary gas in the pneumatic atomization water vapor is used. This avoids the air inclusions in the paint and the resulting island formation in the paint layer. In addition, this method can be realized in a simple manner, since only steam instead of air must be used, so that largely the existing systems can be used. Only certain, the water vapor-carrying lines or seals would have to be designed accordingly that they can withstand the water vapor in the long run. For this purpose, for example, offers to use ceramic seals in the spray guns. Plant technology, only an additional means for generating water vapor must be provided.

Vorzugsweise kann der Wasserdampf im Niederdruckbereich von 0,5 bis 2 bar, bzw. im Hochdruckbereich von 2 bis 10 insbesondere 4 bis 8 bar eingesetzt werden.Preferably, the water vapor in the low pressure range of 0.5 to 2 bar, or in the high pressure range of 2 to 10, in particular 4 to 8 bar are used.

Neben wasserbasierenden Lacken mit Wasser als Lösungs- oder Dispersionsmittel hat es sich insbesondere bewährt, Wasserdampf auch als Hilfsgas für das pneumatische Spritzen von im wesentlichen lösemittelfreiem Schmelzlack zu verwenden, da bei diesen Lacken, die nahezu aus 100 % Festkörper bestehen, der erhitzte Wasserdampf keine Abkühlung des aufgeschmolzenen Lackes beim Verspritzen bewirkt oder sogar auf eine zusätzliche Erwärmung oder Erhitzung des Schmelzlacks zur Verflüssigung verzichtet werden kann.In addition to water-based paints with water as solvents or dispersants, it has proven particularly useful to use water vapor as an auxiliary gas for the pneumatic spraying of substantially solvent-free enamel, since in these paints, which consist almost of 100% solids, the heated water vapor no cooling causes the molten paint during spraying or even can be dispensed with an additional heating or heating of the enamel for liquefaction.

Neben der Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens für die Aufbringung von insbesondere Primern auf Kunststoffen kann dieses Verfahren natürlich selbstverständlich für entsprechende Decklacke, Füllerschichten oder Klarlackschichten auch auf Metallen oder Holzwerkstoffen eingesetzt werden.Of course, in addition to the use of the method according to the invention for the application of particular primers to plastics, it is of course also possible to use this method for corresponding topcoats, surfacer layers or clearcoat films on metals or wood-based materials.

Vorzugsweise ist in der Spritzpistole nahe der Düsenöffnung eine Einrichtung zur Vermeidung von Wassertröpfchen im Wasserdampf vorgesehen. Diese kann durch eine Heizeinrichtung gebildet sein. Die Anordnung ist so zu wählen, dass an der Düsenöffnung nahezu reiner Wasserdampf zur Verfügung steht. Entsprechend muss die Länge der Heizeinrichtung oder deren Leistung bemessen sein, um eine ausreichende Temperaturerhöhung zu erreichen. Gleiches gilt für die Änderung des Drucks.Preferably, a device for preventing water droplets in the water vapor is provided in the spray gun near the nozzle opening. This can be formed by a heater. The arrangement should be selected so that almost pure water vapor is available at the nozzle opening. Accordingly, the length of the heater or its power must be sized to achieve a sufficient increase in temperature. The same applies to the change in pressure.

Weitere Vorteile, Kennzeichen und Merkmale der vorliegenden Erfindung werden bei der nachfolgenden detaillierten Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen deutlich. Die rein schematischen Zeichnungen zeigen in

Fig. 1
a) und b) die schematische Darstellung von Düsenanordnungen mit Innenmischung (a) sowie Außenmischung (b) des Beschichtungsstoffs mit dem als Hilfsgas zur Auftragung verwendeten Wasserdampfs;
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung einer Anlage zum Beschichten von Substraten gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung der Wasserdampfzuführleitung in der Spritzpistole; und in
Fig. 4
eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Wasserdampf - zuführleitung in der Spritzpistole.
Further advantages, characteristics and features of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed description of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. The purely schematic drawings show in
Fig. 1
a) and b) the schematic representation of nozzle assemblies with internal mixture (a) and external mixture (b) of the coating material with the water vapor used as auxiliary gas for application;
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of a system for coating substrates according to the present invention;
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of the steam supply line in the spray gun; and in
Fig. 4
a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the steam - supply line in the spray gun.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt in zwei schematischen Darstellungen zwei unterschiedliche Düsenanordnungen 1, die beispielsweise in einer Spritzpistole verwirklicht werden können, um das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durchzuführen.The Fig. 1 shows in two schematic representations two different nozzle arrangements 1, which can be realized for example in a spray gun, to carry out the inventive method.

Bei der Düsenanordnung 1 des Teilbilds a) weist die Düsenanordnung eine innere Düse 2 und eine äußere Düse 3 auf, wobei die Düsenöffnung 4 der inneren Düse 2 innerhalb der äußeren Düsenanordnung 3 unmittelbar vor der Düsenöffnung 5 der äußeren Düsenanordnung 3 angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise wird der in der inneren Düsenanordnung 2 transportierte Beschichtungsstoff mit dem in der äußeren Düsenanoidnung 3 transportierten Wasserdampf vor dem endgültigen Verlassen der Düsenanordnung 1 durch die Düsenöffnung 5 der äußeren Düsenanordnung 3 mit dem Wasserdampf vermischt (Innenmischung).In the nozzle assembly 1 of the partial image a), the nozzle assembly has an inner nozzle 2 and an outer nozzle 3, wherein the nozzle opening 4 of the inner nozzle 2 is disposed within the outer nozzle assembly 3 immediately in front of the nozzle opening 5 of the outer nozzle assembly 3. In this way, the coating material transported in the inner nozzle arrangement 2 is mixed with the water vapor transported in the outer nozzle orifice 3 before the final leaving of the nozzle arrangement 1 through the nozzle opening 5 of the outer nozzle arrangement 3 with the water vapor (internal mixing).

Demgegenüber wird bei der Düsenanordnung 1 des Teilbilds b), bei dem die Düsenöffnung 4 der inneren Düsenanordnung 2 auf gleicher Höhe mit der Düsenöffnung 5 der äußeren Düsenanordnung 3 angeordnet ist, der in der inneren Düsenanordnung 2 befindliche Beschichtungsstoff erst nach dem Verlassen der Düsenanordnung 1 mit dem Wasserdampf, der die äußere Düsenanordnung 3 durch die Düsenöffnung 5 verlassen hat, vermischt (Außenmischung).In contrast, in the nozzle assembly 1 of the partial image b), in which the nozzle opening 4 of the inner nozzle assembly 2 is arranged at the same height with the nozzle opening 5 of the outer nozzle assembly 3, the coating material located in the inner nozzle assembly 2 with only after leaving the nozzle assembly 1 with the water vapor, which has left the outer nozzle assembly 3 through the nozzle opening 5, mixed (external mixture).

Diese beiden Arten des Sprüh- bzw. Spritzauftrags des Beschichtungsstoffs mit Hilfe des Wasserdampfs können für die vorliegende Erfindung eingesetzt werden.These two types of spray application of the coating material with the aid of water vapor can be used for the present invention.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt in einer rein schematischen Darstellung eine Anlage zum Beschichten von Substraten gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, wobei eine Spritzpistole 1 entsprechend der Düsenanordnungen der Fig. 1 über eine erste Zuführleitung 6 mit einer ersten Versorgungseinrichtung 8 zum Bereitstellen und Zuführen des Beschichtungsstoffs zur Spritzpistole 1 verbunden ist, wobei über eine Pumpe 10 der Beschichtungsstoff in der Zuführleitung 6 gefördert wird.The Fig. 2 shows in a purely schematic representation of a plant for coating substrates according to the present invention, wherein a spray gun 1 according to the nozzle arrangements of Fig. 1 is connected via a first supply line 6 with a first supply means 8 for providing and supplying the coating material to the spray gun 1, wherein via a pump 10, the coating material is conveyed in the supply line 6.

Die Spritzpistole 1 ist weiterhin über eine zweite Zuführleitung 7 mit einer zweiten Versorgungseinrichtung 9 verbunden, welche eine Wasserdampferzeugungseinrichtung umfasst, mittels der für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erforderliche Wasserdampf erzeugt und zur Spritzpistole 1 befördert werden kann.The spray gun 1 is further connected via a second supply line 7 to a second supply device 9, which comprises a steam generating device, generated by means of the steam required for the inventive method and can be conveyed to the spray gun 1.

Als Teil der zweiten Versorgungseinrichtung 9 oder wie in der Fig. 2 dargestellt als separate Einrichtung, kann eine Druckerhöhungs- oder Komprimiereinrichtung, wie eine Pumpe 11 in der zweiten Leitung 7 vorgesehen sein, um den Wasserdampf auf den entsprechenden Betriebsdruckbereich von 0,5 bis 10 bar bzw. 1 bis 2 oder 4 bis 8 bar zu bringen.As part of the second supply device 9 or as in the Fig. 2 shown as a separate device, a booster or compression device, such as a pump 11 may be provided in the second conduit 7 to bring the water vapor to the corresponding operating pressure range of 0.5 to 10 bar or 1 to 2 or 4 to 8 bar ,

In gleicher Weise kann selbstverständlich die entsprechende Druckerhöhungs- oder Komprimiereinrichtung 10 auch in der ersten Versorgungseinrichtung für den Beschichtungsstoff integriert oder separat in der ersten Versorgungsleitung 6 vorgesehen sein (wie dargestellt).In the same way, of course, the corresponding pressure increasing or compressing device 10 can also be integrated in the first supply means for the coating material or provided separately in the first supply line 6 (as shown).

Selbstverständlich kann auch in der Versorgungsleitung 6 für den Beschichtungsstoff auf die Pumpe 10 verzichtet werden, wenn durch den Sog des Wasserdampfes ein ausreichender Transport für den Beschichtungsstoff gewährleistet ist.Of course, can be dispensed with in the supply line 6 for the coating material on the pump 10, if sufficient suction for the coating material is ensured by the suction of water vapor.

In den Fig. 3 und 4 sind bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Spritzpistole 1 bzw. der Wasserdampfzuführleitung 7 schematisch dargestellt.In the 3 and 4 preferred embodiments of the spray gun 1 and the steam supply line 7 are shown schematically.

Gemäß Fig. 3 wird die Zuführleitung in der Nähe der Abgabeöffnung bzw. Düsenöffnung 5 im Querschnitt verringert, so
dass auch kleinste Mengen an Wassertröpfchen, die aus dem Wasserdampf ausgefallen sein können, wieder verdampft werden und somit nahezu reiner Wasserdampf für die Applizierung des Beschichtungsstoffes zur Verfügung steht. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 wird dies durch einen konischen Bereich 13 in der Zuführleitung 7 erreicht, welcher den ersten Querschnitt der Leitung 7 im Bereich 12 auf einen zweiten Querschnitt im Bereich 14 reduziert.According to Fig. 3 the supply line is reduced in the vicinity of the discharge opening or nozzle opening 5 in cross section, so
that even the smallest amounts of water droplets, which may have precipitated from the steam, are evaporated again and thus almost pure water vapor is available for the application of the coating material. In the illustrated embodiment of the Fig. 3 this is achieved by a conical region 13 in the feed line 7, which reduces the first cross section of the line 7 in the region 12 to a second cross section in the region 14.

In Fig. 4 ist eine weitere Möglichkeit gezeigt, wie der Bildung von Wassertröpfchen im Wasserdampf entgegen gewirkt werden kann. Zu diesem Zweck ist unmittelbar vor oder an der Düsenöffnung 5 eine zusätzliche Heizeinrichtung 15 vorgesehen, mittels der der Wasserdampf entsprechend erhitzt und überhitzt werden kann, so dass das gesamte Wasser in Wasserdampfform vorliegt. Als Heizeinrichtung 15 kommen sämtliche bekannte Einrichtungen, wie elektrische Widerstandsheizungen mit Wicklungen um die Leitung 7 oder Heizkartuschen mit exotherm reaktiven Materialien oder Brennstoffen zum Einsatz in einen Freiraum der Spritzpistole in Frage.In Fig. 4 Another possibility is shown how the formation of water droplets in the water vapor can be counteracted. For this purpose, an additional heating device 15 is provided immediately before or at the nozzle opening 5, by means of which the water vapor can be heated and overheated accordingly, so that all the water is in the form of water vapor. As a heater 15 are all known devices, such as electrical resistance heaters with windings around the line 7 or cartridges with exothermic reactive materials or fuels for use in a free space of the spray gun in question.

Claims (9)

  1. Method for coating substrates with at least one coating material, which comprises at least one organic component, wherein the coating material is applied to the substrate by atomisation and spraying, and the coating material is atomised by water vapour,
    characterised by the fact that
    the coating material is a waterborne paint or an essentially solventless hot melt coating.
  2. Method in accordance with claim 1,
    characterised by the fact that
    the coating material is applied as a primer, top coat, filler or clearcoat.
  3. Method in accordance with any of the previous claims,
    characterised by the fact that
    the coating material is atomised by flowing through a nozzle arrangement, especially a spray gun, with the water vapour acting as auxiliary gas, and is sprayed onto the substrate.
  4. Method in accordance with any of the previous claims,
    characterised by the fact that
    the water vapour flows out of a nozzle arrangement along with (internal mixing) or adjacent to (external mixing), especially concentrically with, the coating material, wherein the water vapour is fed to the nozzle arrangement at a pressure of 0.5 to 10 bar, especially 0.5 to I bar or 4 to 8 bar.
  5. Method in accordance with any of the previous claims,
    characterised by the fact that
    the substrates used are metals, plastics or timber-derived materials.
  6. Installation for coating substrates, especially for performing the method in accordance with any of the previous claims, with at least one nozzle arrangement (1) for atomising and spraying a coating material onto a substrate and at least a first supply device (8) for preparing and feeding the coating material to the nozzle arrangement (1) and at least a second supply device (9) for preparing and feeding an auxiliary gas to the nozzle arrangement (1) for the purpose of atomising the coating material, wherein the second supply device (9) comprises a water-vapour generator,
    characterised by the fact that
    the spray gun has a device for avoiding water droplets in the water vapour.
  7. Installation in accordance with claim 6,
    characterised by the fact that
    the second supply device (9) and/or the feed line (7) to the nozzle arrangement (1) comprises a pressure-increasing or compression device (11), with which the water vapour can be brought to operating pressure in the range of 0.5 to 10 bar, especially 1 to 2 or 4 to 8 bar.
  8. Installation in accordance with claim 6 or claim 7,
    characterised by the fact that
    the water vapour supply line (7) has a cross-sectional constriction (13) and/or the spray gun (1) has a heating device (15) for transferring virtually all the water to the vapour phase.
  9. Installation in accordance with any of claims 6 to 8,
    characterised by the fact that
    the spray gun (1) has a heating device in immediate proximity to the nozzle opening (5).
EP05739556.8A 2004-03-16 2005-03-16 Water-vapor assisted lacquering method Active EP1727623B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05739556T PL1727623T5 (en) 2004-03-16 2005-03-16 Water-vapor assisted lacquering method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004012889A DE102004012889A1 (en) 2004-03-16 2004-03-16 Steam-assisted painting process
PCT/EP2005/002811 WO2005087387A2 (en) 2004-03-16 2005-03-16 Water-vapor assisted lacquering method

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1727623A2 EP1727623A2 (en) 2006-12-06
EP1727623B1 true EP1727623B1 (en) 2011-06-22
EP1727623B2 EP1727623B2 (en) 2015-09-16

Family

ID=34966685

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05739556.8A Active EP1727623B2 (en) 2004-03-16 2005-03-16 Water-vapor assisted lacquering method

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US20080014364A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1727623B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE513623T1 (en)
DE (1) DE102004012889A1 (en)
PL (1) PL1727623T5 (en)
RU (1) RU2354561C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2005087387A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005087387A2 (en) 2005-09-22
US20080014364A1 (en) 2008-01-17
WO2005087387A3 (en) 2005-10-27
PL1727623T5 (en) 2016-01-29
RU2354561C2 (en) 2009-05-10
EP1727623B2 (en) 2015-09-16
PL1727623T3 (en) 2012-01-31
EP1727623A2 (en) 2006-12-06
RU2006136017A (en) 2008-04-27
ATE513623T1 (en) 2011-07-15
DE102004012889A1 (en) 2005-10-06

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