EP1627716A2 - Forming part for a man hole - Google Patents

Abstract

The molding piece (1) is used with at least one other molding piece to form the negative mold for a drain in the bottom of a shaft. The molding piece has at least one cavity (3) open to the base surface of a bottom mold which can be mounted on the bottom of the mold. The opposite end surfaces along the length of the molding piece are closed.

Description

The invention relates to a molded part of thermoplastic foam which forms a negative mold of at least part of a channel of a monolithic shaft bottom and forms the negative form of a channel of a shaft bottom in the form of a shaped body, namely as a lost core, optionally in combination with at least one further shaped part. wherein the molding (s) is (are) placed on a mold bottom of a bottom mold for a manhole bottom adjusting its (their) longitudinal extent and height and a rectilinear and / or arcuate longitudinal extent (t) (en), and an assembly aid for the production of the fitting.

Manhole bottoms provide the bottom seal of generally vertical manholes that provide access to sewer systems, such as sewers, and underground pipe systems. Such wells are often located in interfaces of conduits, i. at channel branches or outlets and junctions of secondary channels, etc. The bottom of such shafts forming shaft bottoms are cup-shaped structures with a relatively thick-walled dense bottom and a mostly cylindrical side wall in which connection openings for the tubes and / or channels are formed. In the shaft bottom run open at the top, referred to as channels channels of mostly semi-circular or approximately U-shaped cross section between the respective provided in the side wall of a shaft bottom connection openings. In order to ensure a jam-free flow of the frequently contaminated with significant amounts of large-scale solids liquids, the channels have a certain slope and the bottom of the shaft called a berm appearance of low slope.

Although the shafts are constructed of standardized individual rings, the shaft bottoms are individually designed components which differ from one another with regard to the positioning of the connection openings acting as inlets and outlets, the cross-sectional shape of the channels and the pipes to be connected. In addition, only high-quality, liquid-tight concrete may be used for the production of manhole bases and in particular their channels.

From DE 36 11 394 A1 it is known for producing a shaft bottom in a bottom shape, which has a set up on a base plate mold jacket, to arrange a mold bottom whose top is formed according to the negative shape of the channel. Such a mold floor is always usable again - he is after the sufficient curing of the concrete removed from the mold shell, cleaned and can then be available for reuse. The disadvantage here is the very complicated production of such a mold bottom; For producing individually shaped shaft bottoms, it would also be necessary to have as many elaborate mold bottoms available, ie it would be necessary to have a separate mold bottom available for each shaft bottom. Since this is far too expensive, the device known from this document is used only for a few shaft bottoms, for example, when a channel passes straight through the shaft bottom or, for example, angled at 90 °.

For cost reasons, one has for shaft bottoms, the channels to two channels that run in different directions, connect or have other special features, shaft bottoms made with a flat bottom and on the flat bottom of the channel by manual introduction of concrete and molding of the channel by hand produced. Such manual work is cumbersome because it is necessary to think about the side wall of the shaft bottom in these. Furthermore, the shaping of the channel must be carried out with great care, so that both the gradient and the position of the branch channels coincide with the local conditions of the channel system or line system. This manual production of a channel requires qualified personnel and is therefore expensive. Furthermore, it also requires a considerable amount of time, in addition, the quality of the manually shaped concrete is not comparable to the quality of a machined production of a shaft bottom.

From DE 43 42 518 A1 it is known to form the channel by inserting a clay shell element, which remains in this after completion of the shaft bottom and forms the bottom of the channel. Again, it is difficult to create individually designed channels, especially for each channel own Tonschalenelement would have to be prefabricated, which also requires a lot of effort.

According to a further proposal for the production of a shaft bottom prefabricated plastic molded parts are used with a negative mold corresponding to the channel, wherein for each individual channel a separate molded part is to be made, which is to be fixed on the mold bottom. These moldings are made as plastic shells relatively expensive for each individual channel according to the respective course of the channel and remain as so-called. Lost form in the finished channel. A disadvantage of this method, in addition to the high price of designed as a high-quality plastic shells moldings and the necessary production of external suppliers, which significantly complicates the entire logistics of mechanical production of manhole bases.

It is known (WO 2004/091877 A1), for the production of a monolithic shaft bottom fittings - as described in the introduction - to provide a shaped body consisting of a pressure-resistant concrete material, such as foam, in particular hard foam plastic or thermoplastic material, such as EPS , are made, and form a lost core. These fittings advantageously have a rectilinear or arcuate longitudinal extension, wherein the cross section corresponds to the cross section of the channel and where appropriate, the height of the cross section of the fittings is sized larger than the height of the cross section of the channel.

Such prefabricated fittings ensure the mechanical production of shaft bottoms with channels predetermined cross-section without elaborate molding work. It must be ensured only for a seamless transition between individual fittings. For this purpose, any joints between the fittings or between the fittings and the mold bottom or to the Aussparungsstücke be covered and / or filled with a joint filler.

Due to the thermoplastic properties of the foams used, the profile pieces can not only frontally, but also in the area of the tread surface of the mold surface facing attachment surface in any way with the help of a heating wire in a relatively simple manner cut. The feed of the heating wire can be controlled mechanically depending on the respective required shape.

The invention aims at a further development of these known fittings, in such a way that the fittings can be easily removed after solidification of the concrete.

This object is achieved with a shaped piece of the type described above in that the fitting has at least one openable to the mold bottom of the bottom mold base surface cavity and formed on the longitudinal extent of the fitting opposite end surfaces substantially closed.

The formation with the cavity open to the mold bottom allows a quick and safe removal from the finished manhole bottom by breaking the end faces and folding the longitudinal surfaces of the mold piece connecting the end faces together. In addition, results over the known fitting material savings.

It is known from US Pat. No. 4,867,411 A to use hollow shaped pieces for the production of a shaft bottom, whereby, however, the shaft bottom is not made monolithic, but rather the channel is produced in a separate method step after producing a level shaft bottom. Although the fittings are hollow, but made of polyurethane in a very stable design and are used again and again. For the preparation of the channel a variety of different fittings is required, which must be bolted together in a complicated manner.

A simple production of a shaped piece is ensured when the cavity extends, starting from the base surface into the interior of the shaped body tapering.

A sufficient strength of a fitting - even if this must be reduced according to the local conditions of the shaft floor - results from the fact that several longitudinally of the fitting successive cavities are provided, which are separated from each other by extending substantially to the base intermediate walls.

A particularly expedient embodiment of a shaped piece is characterized in that it extends with its longitudinal extension over a quarter circle arc and that three cavities arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction are arranged uniformly distributed.

For linear fittings, it has proved to be useful when there are four cavities in the longitudinal direction one behind the other in the fitting, preferably three cavities are more closely adjacent and a cavity of the three adjacent cavities by means of a slightly thicker partition wall is discontinued.

A simple orientation aid in assembling a plurality of shaped pieces to a shaped body or when providing connections results from the fact that a center mark in the form of a V-shaped recess or V-shaped elevation is provided on a shaped piece at its arcuate vertex.

In order to hold moldings which are prefabricated, to save space in storage, namely under stacking, without resulting in deformations of the moldings, a shaped piece is formed such that the base of the mold with an arcuate recess extending over the entire longitudinal extent a molding extends, is provided, wherein the curvature of the arcuate recess corresponds to the curvature of the arcuate crest of the molding.

In order to obtain a smooth concrete surface, it is expedient for the shaped pieces to be closed-pored on the outer surface, which may be e.g. can be achieved in hard foam plastic characterized in that the molds are polished for the production of the fittings or are provided with a special vapor deposition.

A simple mounting possibility of a molded piece or of a shaped body consisting of two or more moldings on a mold bottom of a bottom mold is obtained if a permanent magnet arranged approximately in alignment with the base surface is fastened in at least one cavity, wherein preferably the permanent magnet is fastened to a holder, which is fastened by means of a fastening means on a side wall of the molding.

A particularly simple assembly of two or more fittings can be achieved by using a mounting plate, which is characterized in that the mounting plate has a diameter which is slightly smaller than the diameter of a mold bottom of the negative mold of the shaft bottom, wherein the mounting plate with at least about a portion of the circumference and circumferentially uniformly distributed recesses is provided, are inserted into the bolts, which are insertable in recesses of the end and / or intermediate walls of a molding, which recesses of the molding emanate from the base surface.

For centering of the fitting on the outlet side of the shaft bottom to be cast, a bolt, which can be inserted into a recess of an end and / or intermediate wall of a shaped piece, is rigidly arranged at one point of the circumference of the mounting plate.

Preferably, the recesses of the mounting plate are formed as arranged in the radial direction slots.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to several embodiments shown in the drawing, wherein Fig. 1 is a partially sectioned plan view of a fitting in a curved embodiment, Fig. 2 is an end view in the direction of arrow II and Figs. 3 and 4 sections after Illustrate lines III-III and IV-IV. Fig. 5 shows the top view of a rectilinear molding, Fig. 6 is a section along the line VI-VI of Fig. 7, which shows a section along the line VII-VII of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 gives Fig. 9 illustrates a composite of several moldings shaped body which is mounted on a mounting plate. 10, 11 and 12 illustrate a further embodiment of a shaped piece in oblique, in plan view and in sectional view on an enlarged scale.

The molded piece 1 shown in FIG. 1 made of foam, in particular hard foam plastic or thermoplastic material such as EPS, extends over a quarter circle and has an approximately U-shaped cross-section, wherein the legs of the U-forming sides 2 to the open end of the U diverge. The molding 1 has three in the longitudinal extent of the molding 1 successively arranged cavities 3, between which intermediate walls 4 are provided, wherein the ends of the molding 1 are closed by end walls 5. These cavities 3 are open towards the base surface 6 of the molded piece 1 and likewise have side walls 7 diverging towards the open side, so that the production, in particular the removal from a production mold, is simplified.

At the apex of the molding 1 is a mark 8, preferably formed as a groove or as a small elevation, whereby a central attachment of terminals is facilitated to the fitting 1. A further marking may also be provided vertically on the outside of the molding 1 in order to allow an accurate cutting of any protrusion on the front side.

At the base 6, the fitting 1 is provided with arcuate recesses 9, which have the same curvature as the apex portion of the molding 1, so that the fittings 1 are stackable without any pressure points that could cause a deformation of a fitting 1.

The fittings 1 are designed closed pores on the outside in contact with concrete in contact with the outside. This can be effected, for example, by polishing or steaming the manufacturing molds, when the shaped pieces are formed of hard foam plastic or the like.

The shaped piece 10 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 has a rectilinear longitudinal extension and is likewise provided with cavities 3 arranged one behind the other, which extend upward from the base surface 6 of the shaped piece 10, ie in the direction of the arcuate vertex area of the U-shaped cross section extend the mold 10, and also widening conically outwards. The end portions of this fitting 10 are end walls 5 - greater thickness 11 - equipped as the Partitions 4, so that an arcuate trimming or trimming with respect to a slope to be maintained, as illustrated for example for the end walls 5 in Fig. 7A, is possible. In order to allow better utilization of the prefabricated fittings 10, the second intermediate wall 4 'is also thick-walled in the straight fitting 10, so that when separating the first cavity 3, this partition can also serve as an end wall.

In Fig. 8, which illustrates a cross section through a fitting, it is shown how a permanent magnet 12 by means of an angle bracket 13 and a special screw 14 to the fitting in the cavity 3 can be fastened. This permanent magnet 12 reliably holds the molding on a magnetic mold bottom of a bottom mold, so that the molding can not float when poured with concrete.

The composition of several moldings 1 and / or 10 to a shaped body 15, as illustrated in FIG. 9, facilitated by a mounting plate 16. This mounting plate has at one point a fixedly arranged bolt 17, which can be inserted into a corresponding recess 18 (see Fig. 7) of a fitting 1 - for example with a diameter of 12 mm, when this fitting 1 is placed on the mounting plate 16 becomes. The mounting plate 16 is further equipped at least over an angle of 180 ° close to the circumference with recesses 19, in the bolts 20 which are provided in fittings, so in recesses 18 of the fittings 1 and 10 were introduced, can be used, so that the other Fitting 1 or 10 can take a precise position relative to the arranged on the mounting plate previously fixed bolts 17 fitting. After the molded body thus formed is formed on the mounting plate, it is possible to start the round cutting of the protruding ends of the molded pieces via the mounting plate.

Specifically, in the formation of a channel with main and auxiliary channels, the procedure is as follows: The pin 17, which is permanently mounted on the outlet side, serves to center the outlet of a main channel (indicated by the arrows 21). The bolts 20, which suitably have a rectangular approach at the bottom are to be arranged according to the required angles in the slots 19 at the inlet and inlet sides. First, the already glued main chute 21 is attached. Subsequently, the sub-channel (indicated by the arrow 22) is adhered to the main chute 21. For correct angle adjustment, the bolt 20 is placed first, the sub-channel (which is already adapted according to the main channel) centered on the bolt and against pushed the main channel (the bolt is movable in the slot 19 in its longitudinal direction). The thus assembled channel can now be cut round.

The shaped body 15 (see Fig. 9) glued together from the shaped pieces 1 and / or 10 can be equipped with the permanent magnets 12 described after the circular cutting. For this purpose, the angle bracket 13 on an inner side 7 of a cavity 3 is first pressed into the wall (for example of styrofoam) and then screwed on with the special screw 14. Thus, the magnet 12 on the underside neither looking forward nor back it makes sense to use a non-magnetic bar to help to press the angle bracket 13 (with already mounted magnet 12) in the Styrofoam. Subsequently, the molded body 1 or 10 is placed on the mold bottom of a bottom mold, wherein it is aligned with the bolt which is attached to the outlet side. At the inflows and outlets, the channel is fixed by means of retaining strips, which prevent floating.

According to the embodiment of a fitting shown in FIGS. 10, 11 and 12, this is provided in its apex region with recesses V, are formed by the projections in the channel. The depressions V have a depth of 3 to 5 mm and they are arranged with their longitudinal axis at an angle of about 45 ° relative to the longitudinal axis of the shaped piece (according to the plan view Fig. 11).

Through these recesses V, it is possible to avoid deposits of particulate matter in the channel, by generating turbulence, which are caused by the increases formed in the concrete channel thus formed.

Claims (13)

A molded part (1, 10) of thermoplastic foam forming a negative mold of at least part of a channel of a monolithic shaft bottom, which - optionally with composition with at least one further molded part (1, 10) - the negative shape of a channel of a shaft bottom in the form of a shaped body (15 ), as a lost core forms, wherein the or the fitting (s) (1, 10) can be placed on a mold bottom of a bottom mold for a manhole bottom adjusting its (their) longitudinal extent and height (are) and a rectilinear and / or arcuate longitudinal extension (t) (s), characterized in that the shaped piece (1, 10) has at least one cavity (3) which can be placed on the bottom of the mold bottom mold cavity (3) and at the longitudinal extension of the mold piece ( 1, 10) is formed substantially closed opposite end faces. Molding (1, 10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity (3), starting from the base surface (6) into the interior of the shaped body (1, 10) extends in a tapered manner. Shaped piece (1, 10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that several in the longitudinal direction of the shaped piece (1, 10) one behind the other lying cavities (3) are provided, extending from each other by substantially to the base (6) extending intermediate walls ( 4, 4 ') are separated. Fitting (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it extends with its longitudinal extent over a quarter circle arc and that three longitudinally successively arranged cavities (3) are arranged uniformly distributed. Shaped piece (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shaped piece (10) extends in a straight line in the longitudinal direction and four cavities (3) are provided lying one behind the other in the longitudinal direction, preferably three cavities (3) adjacent closer are and a cavity (3) of the three adjacent cavities by means of a slightly thicker partition wall (4 ') is discontinued. Shaped piece (1, 10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a center mark (8) in the form of a V-shaped depression or V-shaped elevation is provided at its arcuate vertex. Shaped piece (1) according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the base surface (6) of the shaped piece (1) is provided with an arcuate recess (9) which extends over the entire longitudinal extension of a shaped piece (1) is, wherein the curvature of the arcuate recess (9) corresponds to the curvature of the arcuate apex of the molding (1). Shaped piece (1, 10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the outer surface of the molding is formed closed-pore. Fitting (1, 10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in at least one cavity (3) with the base surface (6) arranged approximately in alignment with the permanent magnet (12) is fixed. Molding (1, 10) according to claim 9, characterized in that the permanent magnet (12) is fixed to a holder (13) which is fastened by means of a fastening means (14) on a side wall of the shaped piece (1, 10). Mounting plate (16) as an assembly aid for the assembly of two or more fittings to the channel of a shaft bottom in Negtivform embodying shaped body (15), characterized in that the mounting plate (16) has a diameter which is slightly smaller than the diameter of a mold bottom the negative mold of the shaft bottom, wherein the mounting plate (16) is provided with at least over part of the circumference and circumferentially uniformly distributed recesses (19) into which bolts (20) are inserted in recesses (18) of the end and / or intermediate walls (4 ', 5) of a shaped piece (1, 10) can be inserted, which recesses (18) of the shaped piece (1, 10) emanate from its base. Mounting plate (16) according to claim 11, characterized in that at one point of its circumference a bolt (17) which in a recess (18) of an end and / or intermediate wall (4 ', 5) of a shaped piece (1, 10) can be used, is arranged rigidly. Mounting plate (16) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the recesses (19) of the mounting plate (16) are formed as arranged in the radial direction slots.

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