EP1655441A2 - Fixing system for plates or shells - Google Patents
Fixing system for plates or shells Download PDFInfo
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- EP1655441A2 EP1655441A2 EP05450181A EP05450181A EP1655441A2 EP 1655441 A2 EP1655441 A2 EP 1655441A2 EP 05450181 A EP05450181 A EP 05450181A EP 05450181 A EP05450181 A EP 05450181A EP 1655441 A2 EP1655441 A2 EP 1655441A2
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- Prior art keywords
- zug
- holding
- holding system
- qtl
- elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
- E06B3/5427—Fixing of glass panes or like plates the panes mounted flush with the surrounding frame or with the surrounding panes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a holding system for plates, which are fastened by means of attacking at their edges holders on a support structure and arranged with joint.
- the holders consist of the actual, acting on glass panes disk holders and rods, sitting at one end of the disc holder. With their other ends the bars are fixed to supporting parts of the building, e.g. anchored to a wall. The bars are approximately normal to the glass plates, whereas the pane holders are in the joints between adjacent glass plates.
- Holding systems of the type described lead to glass panels, e.g. for building walls or glass facades which are substantially "smooth" on their outside, i.e. can be designed without protruding parts, but this does not apply to their inside, since there are the protruding rods. If you do not want to use the known constructions as a mere wall cladding, but as parting surfaces, it must be accepted that one side of such partitions often can not satisfy aesthetically, because in addition to the projecting rods of the holder also the support structure, e.g. Steel rails, located.
- the support structure e.g. Steel rails
- the support structure has support elements which extend flush in parallel to the edge surfaces of the plates in their vicinity, wherein the holding pieces are fastened at predetermined intervals on the support elements.
- the support elements are prestressed tension elements.
- the support elements may extend in longitudinal joints of the plates, but it is also possible that extending from a support element dividing joints between plates to an adjacent support member. These graduation joints can be normal to the longitudinal joints, so that there is a rectangular geometry.
- Quertragieri can run, which are anchored with at least one end to the support elements.
- the support elements extend substantially flush with the plate main surfaces and / or the support elements extend substantially centrally to the edge surfaces of the plates.
- the retaining pieces can be supported or fastened to fitting elements, wherein the fitting elements can be connected to the support elements. As a result, you can achieve appropriate strength and design freedom in intersection points.
- the holding pieces with respect to the support elements in desired relative positions are adjustable and fixable in these.
- the holding pieces have a body with a receiving channel formed therein for a support element or a part of a support element and a receiving profile for the edge of a plate.
- the receiving channel may be formed as a closed bore.
- the receiving channel has an insertion opening for a radial placement on a support element.
- an assembly is facilitated if the insertion opening is narrowed with respect to the receiving channel so that a snapping the holding piece on the support element is possible.
- Another expedient variant is characterized in that the body of the holding pieces is formed in two parts, wherein the parts by means of bolts against each other are screwed. In this way, a simple clamping can be done on the support elements.
- the body of the holding pieces may also be formed in two parts, wherein the parts by means of a positive connection in the axial direction together or pushed apart are. Such an embodiment also facilitates easy installation at the construction site.
- the holding pieces comprise the supporting elements in a form-fitting manner over at least part of their circumference.
- An advantageous fixing can take place when the holding pieces have their body passing through bolts whose one ends are screwed against the support members.
- the holding pieces have at least one oblique face, with oblique faces interact with end faces adjacent holding pieces or fitting elements in the sense of radial adjustability of the holding pieces together.
- Another, in many cases convenient way of fixing the holding pieces is that on rod pieces of support elements applied holding pieces with the help of seated on the rod pieces nuts in the axial direction can be pressed against each other.
- tension elements ZUG are stretched, whose ends are each held in anchors VNK.
- the tension elements ZUG serve as support elements for plates PLT, z.
- glass plates wherein in the simplified example shown six plates are present.
- the plates PLT are arranged with joint, i. longitudinal joints LFU and division joints TFU are provided as cross joints.
- the tension elements ZUG run parallel and, moreover, substantially in the middle of the edge surfaces RFL of the plates PLT, i. to those surfaces which form the longitudinal joints LFU.
- the plates PLT do not run continuously from top to bottom, which may well be the case in practice, but there is a subdivision by the dividing lines TFU.
- the division joints TFU extend between the plates PLT from a support element ZUG or a longitudinal joint LFU starting to an adjacent support element ZUG or a neighboring longitudinal joint LFU.
- Transverse support elements QTL are arranged within the division joints TFU in the same way as the support / traction elements ZUG in the longitudinal joints LFU, which will be seen more clearly below in connection with further figures.
- the transverse support elements QTL can - as well as the support elements ZUG - be rigid rods or flexible tension elements, in the example shown, the support elements ZUG run vertically and the transverse support elements QTL horizontal.
- the plate construction may also be inclined in the manner of a roof.
- not all plates PLT must lie in one plane as in FIGS. 1, 2, in which case the construction forms, at least in sections, a prism or a pyramid.
- the plates PLT can also run continuously from top to bottom.
- a subdivision of the plate construction also in other geometric patterns, such. in triangles, possible.
- inclined or vertical support members training as prestressed tension elements is particularly useful.
- Steel ropes made of stainless steel or ropes made of high-strength plastics, such as aramid fibers, carbon fibers, etc., can be used here, as well as prestressed rods made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or steel.
- QTL fitting elements are provided which serve to connect support elements and in the example of Fig. 1, 2 cross-shaped fitting elements KBE, T-shaped fitting elements TBE or angle-shaped fitting elements WBE can be. Furthermore, you will use with larger dimensions of the plates PLT and rod-shaped fitting elements SBE to support the plates can also. Some of such elements will be described below in connection e.g. 4 to 6 described in more detail with Figs. All of these fitting elements also form part of the support elements ZUG or QTL.
- a cross-shaped fitting KBE consists of two shell-like halves KB1, KB2, which can be braced against each other by means of four bolts SBO.
- the fitting element KBE on the one hand comprises a tension element ZUG and on the other hand holds the ends of a left or a right rod piece LSS or RSS, these rod pieces being penetrated by the bolt SBO.
- the bar pieces LSS, RSS form part of the transverse support elements QTL if, as shown here, they are suitably connected to a horizontal or transverse tension element QZU, e.g. a rope made of stainless steel, whose diameter can be 10mm.
- the traction elements ZUG running through the fitting element KBE, which are vertical in the drawing, can be a prestressed rope, which likewise consists of stainless steel and has a larger diameter, e.g. 16mm owns.
- transverse tension element QZU in the example a wire rope - an end piece ENS pressed, which has an internal thread at its free end. This cooperates with an external thread of the rod piece LSS and for securing a counter nut EMU is provided.
- the end piece ENS together with the transverse tension element QZU, the effective length of the transverse support elements QTL can thus be changed, for example in order to achieve re-tensioning.
- AGF allow twisting with the help of a parent key.
- the rod piece LSS or RSS at its other end also has an end piece but with a counter-rotating thread, a change in length of the transverse support element QTL can take place without any torsion of the elements. Appropriate measures can of course be taken for the vertical tension elements ZUG.
- the holding pieces for the plates PLT here glass plates with a thickness of e.g. 15 to 30mm, may have different design, in particular from Fig. 6 show several variants.
- a first variant of a holding piece HL1 (see also FIG. 7) has in its body a through hole BOR, so that it can be pushed onto a supporting element ZUG, QTL in the axial direction.
- a fixing takes place with the aid of short bolts KBO, which cooperate with threaded holes GBO in the holding piece HL1 and can engage the fixing element in a fixing manner.
- this embodiment has a receiving profile ANP designed correspondingly to the edge region of a plate PLT or glass pane, which is trapezoidal in cross-section here.
- the trough-like profile ANP is associated with a softer layer WSC, e.g. Made of applied plastic or vulcanised rubber.
- the holders themselves may e.g. made of stainless steel or an aluminum alloy.
- FIG. 8 another holding piece variant HL2, HL3 which can be removed from FIGS. 6 and 8 can be placed on a carrier element in the radial direction, a receiving channel ANK being dimensioned or narrowed at its insertion opening ESO in that snapping-on of the holding pieces HL2, HL3 onto the supporting elements is possible and the holding pieces are then clamped on the supporting element, but nevertheless displaceable in the axial direction and in a radial direction.
- FIG. 10 shows a two-piece holding piece HL4, the two parts T41, T42 with the help of four, approximately tangentially located bolts TBO connected to each other and against a support element, here a vertical tension element ZUG can be pressed ,
- FIG. 5 shows examples of such an adjustment.
- all holding elements HL1 ... HL4 in the axial direction with respect to the support elements ZUG, QTL or their parts LSS, RSS are displaced and those holding pieces HL1, HL3, which have bolts KBO, TBO, are also fixable with respect to the support elements.
- the holding pieces HL1 and HL2 each have an oblique, i. not normal (90 °) on a support element extending end face SS1 and SS2, whereas at the holding pieces HL3 both end faces SS3 obliquely.
- Further oblique end faces SSK can be found on the cross-shaped fitting element KBE, adjacent to the holding pieces HL3.
- the said oblique end faces make it possible for the holding pieces HL2 and HL3, which are not fixed with bolts, to be adjusted in the direction of the edge surfaces RFL of the plates PLT, so that a tolerance compensation is possible.
- a fixing of the holding pieces HL3 on the vertical tension elements ZUG takes place here by the adjacent holding pieces HL4 fixable by means of the bolts TBO, whereas the holding pieces HL2 are fixed by means of special nuts SMU which can be screwed onto an external thread of the bar pieces LSS, RSS.
- Fig. 6 can also be seen a tool WZE, with the help of the special nuts SMU can be tightened.
- FIG. 10 shows a further two-part variant of a holding piece HL5, in which the two parts TS1, TS2 can be pushed together or pushed apart in the axial direction, wherein they are held together in a form-fitting manner by a toothing VEZ in the radial direction.
- bolts can attack BOZ on the support elements for the purpose of fixing and / or adjusting.
- FIG. 10 shows a similar but one-piece variant of a retaining piece HL6 in FIG.
- the holding pieces that their adjustment in the radial direction is always possible if the receptacle for a support element in at least one direction is greater than the diameter of the support element - see, e.g. Fig. 8. If desired, the oblique faces of the holding pieces may further be formed with a corrugation or toothing to prevent mutual slipping in the assembled state.
- the support elements whether rods or tension elements, do not necessarily have to have a circular cross-section and may also consist of several individual elements.
- Fig. 12 shows a holding piece HL7 which substantially corresponds to the embodiment of Fig. 9, but wherein the receiving channel has an elliptical cross-section.
- the support element ZUG here consists of seven individual tension elements, for example made of carbon fibers, which in turn are held within a squeezed onto these tension elements tube ROR.
- Bolts TBO press the two parts of the holding piece HL7 against each other and against the pulling element ZUG.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Chain Conveyers (AREA)
- Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Haltesystem für Platten, welche mit Hilfe von an ihren Randbereichen angreifenden Haltern an einer Tragkonstruktion befestigt und mit Fuge angeordnet sind.The invention relates to a holding system for plates, which are fastened by means of attacking at their edges holders on a support structure and arranged with joint.
Bei Haltesystemen nach dem Stand der Technik, wie sie z.B. aus den Dokumenten DE 299 17 489 U1 oder WO 03/033 851 A1 hervorgehen, bestehen die Halter aus den eigentlichen, an Glasscheiben angreifenden Scheibenhaltern und aus Stäben, an deren einen Enden die Scheibenhalter sitzen. Mit ihren anderen Enden sind die Stäbe an tragenden Teilen des Gebäudes, z.B. an einer Mauer verankert. Die Stäbe verlaufen etwa normal zu den Glasplatten, wogegen die Scheibenhalter in den Fugen zwischen aneinandergrenzenden Glasplatten liegen.In prior art retention systems, as e.g. From the documents DE 299 17 489 U1 or WO 03/033 851 A1 emerge, the holders consist of the actual, acting on glass panes disk holders and rods, sitting at one end of the disc holder. With their other ends the bars are fixed to supporting parts of the building, e.g. anchored to a wall. The bars are approximately normal to the glass plates, whereas the pane holders are in the joints between adjacent glass plates.
Haltesysteme der beschriebenen Art führen zu Glasverkleidungen z.B. für Gebäudewände bzw. Glasfassaden, die an ihrer Außenseite im wesentlichen "glatt", d.h. ohne vorspringende Teile gestaltet werden können, doch gilt dies nicht für ihre Innenseite, da sich dort die abstehenden Stäbe befinden. Will man die bekannten Konstruktionen nicht als bloße Mauerverkleidung verwenden, sondern beispielsweise als Trennflächen, muss man in Kauf nehmen, dass eine Seite solcher Trennflächen ästhetisch oft nicht befriedigen kann, da sich an ihr außer den vorspringenden Stäben der Halter auch noch die Tragkonstruktion, z.B. Stahlschienen, befindet.Holding systems of the type described lead to glass panels, e.g. for building walls or glass facades which are substantially "smooth" on their outside, i.e. can be designed without protruding parts, but this does not apply to their inside, since there are the protruding rods. If you do not want to use the known constructions as a mere wall cladding, but as parting surfaces, it must be accepted that one side of such partitions often can not satisfy aesthetically, because in addition to the projecting rods of the holder also the support structure, e.g. Steel rails, located.
Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung liegt in der Schaffung eines Haltesystems, das im wesentlichen "glatte" Oberflächen an beiden Seiten einer Plattenfront ermöglicht. Auch sollen großflächige und entsprechend schwere Glasplatten zum Einsatz gelangen können, um den Ansprüchen zeitgenössischer Architektur zu genügen.It is an object of the invention to provide a retention system which allows substantially "smooth" surfaces on both sides of a panel front. Also large and correspondingly heavy glass plates should be used to meet the demands of contemporary architecture.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Haltesystem der eingangs angegebenen Art gelöst, bei welchem erfindungsgemäß die Tragkonstruktion Tragelemente aufweist, welche parallel zu den Randflächen der Platten flächenbündig in deren Nahbereich verlaufen, wobei die Haltestücke in vorgebbaren Abständen an den Tragelementen befestigbar sind.This object is achieved with a holding system of the type specified, in which according to the invention the support structure has support elements which extend flush in parallel to the edge surfaces of the plates in their vicinity, wherein the holding pieces are fastened at predetermined intervals on the support elements.
Dank der Erfindung ergibt sich eine Plattenkonstruktion, bei welcher es möglich ist, von dieser vorstehende Teile gänzlich zu vermeiden, wobei durch entsprechende Unterteilung und Führung der Tragelemente viele Variationsmöglichkeiten der Plattenfläche möglich sind.Thanks to the invention results in a plate construction, in which it is possible to avoid these projecting parts entirely, with many variations of the plate surface are possible by appropriate subdivision and management of the support elements.
Besonders zweckmäßig im Hinblick auf die Festigkeitseigenschaften ist es, wenn die Tragelemente vorgespannte Zugelemente sind. Dabei können die Tragelemente in Längsfugen der Platten verlaufen, doch ist es auch möglich, dass von einem Tragelement ausgehend Teilungsfugen zwischen Platten zu einem benachbarten Tragelement verlaufen. Diese Teilungsfugen können normal zu den Längsfugen verlaufen, so dass eine rechteckige Geometrie vorliegt. In den Teilungsfugen können Quertragelemente verlaufen, welche mit zumindest einem Ende an den Tragelementen verankert sind.Particularly useful in terms of strength properties, it is when the support elements are prestressed tension elements. In this case, the support elements may extend in longitudinal joints of the plates, but it is also possible that extending from a support element dividing joints between plates to an adjacent support member. These graduation joints can be normal to the longitudinal joints, so that there is a rectangular geometry. In the division joints Quertragelemente can run, which are anchored with at least one end to the support elements.
Vor allem aus optischen Gründen ist es meist zweckmäßig wenn die Tragelemente im wesentlichen flächenbündig zu den Plattenhauptflächen verlaufen und/oder die Tragelemente im wesentlichen mittig zu dem Randflächen der Platten verlaufen.Especially for optical reasons, it is usually expedient if the support elements extend substantially flush with the plate main surfaces and / or the support elements extend substantially centrally to the edge surfaces of the plates.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Haltestücke an Beschlagselementen abstützbar oder befestigbar sind, wobei die Beschlagselemente mit den Tragelementen verbindbar sind. Hierdurch erreicht man auch in Kreuzungspunkten entsprechende Festigkeit und Gestaltungsfreiheit.It is advantageous if the retaining pieces can be supported or fastened to fitting elements, wherein the fitting elements can be connected to the support elements. As a result, you can achieve appropriate strength and design freedom in intersection points.
Insbesondere zum Ausgleich von Toleranzen der Platten, z.B. von Glasplatten, ist es zweckdienlich, wenn die Haltestücke bezüglich der Tragelemente in gewünschte Relativlagen einstellbar und in diesen fixierbar sind.In particular, to compensate for tolerances of the plates, e.g. of glass plates, it is expedient if the holding pieces with respect to the support elements in desired relative positions are adjustable and fixable in these.
Eine in der Praxis vorteilhafte Ausführungsform ergibt sich, wenn die Haltestücke einen Körper mit einem darin ausgebildeten Aufnahmekanal für ein Tragelement bzw. einen Teil eines Tragelements sowie ein Aufnahmeprofil für den Rand einer Platte besitzen. Dabei kann der Aufnahmekanal als geschlossene Bohrung ausgebildet sein.An advantageous embodiment in practice results when the holding pieces have a body with a receiving channel formed therein for a support element or a part of a support element and a receiving profile for the edge of a plate. In this case, the receiving channel may be formed as a closed bore.
Es ist aber auch in vielen Fällen vorteilhaft, wenn der Aufnahmekanal eine Einschiebeöffnung für ein radiales Aufsetzen auf ein Tragelement besitzt. In diesem Fall wird eine Montage erleichtert, wenn die Einschiebeöffnung hinsichtlich des Aufnahmekanals so verengt ist, dass ein Aufschnappen des Haltestücks auf das Tragelement möglich ist.However, it is also advantageous in many cases when the receiving channel has an insertion opening for a radial placement on a support element. In this case, an assembly is facilitated if the insertion opening is narrowed with respect to the receiving channel so that a snapping the holding piece on the support element is possible.
Eine andere zweckmäßige Variante zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass der Körper der Haltestücke zweiteilig ausgebildet ist, wobei die Teile mit Hilfe von Schraubbolzen gegeneinander verschraubbar sind. Auf diese Art kann ein einfaches Festklemmen auf den Tragelementen erfolgen.Another expedient variant is characterized in that the body of the holding pieces is formed in two parts, wherein the parts by means of bolts against each other are screwed. In this way, a simple clamping can be done on the support elements.
Der Körper der Haltestücke kann auch zweiteilig ausgebildet sein, wobei die Teile mit Hilfe einer formschlüssigen Verbindung in axialer Richtung zusammen bzw. auseinander schiebbar sind. Auch eine solche Ausführungsform erleichtert eine einfache Montage an der Baustelle.The body of the holding pieces may also be formed in two parts, wherein the parts by means of a positive connection in the axial direction together or pushed apart are. Such an embodiment also facilitates easy installation at the construction site.
Im Hinblick auf die Krafteinleitung ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Haltestücke die Tragelemente zumindest über einen Teil ihres Umfanges formschlüssig umfassen.With regard to the introduction of force, it is advantageous if the holding pieces comprise the supporting elements in a form-fitting manner over at least part of their circumference.
Ein vorteilhaftes Fixieren kann erfolgen, wenn die Haltestücke ihren Körper durchsetzende Schraubbolzen aufweisen, deren eine Enden gegen die Tragelemente schraubbar sind.An advantageous fixing can take place when the holding pieces have their body passing through bolts whose one ends are screwed against the support members.
Im Hinblick auf eine Verstellbarkeit in Richtung der Randflächen der Platten bzw. von diesen weg ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Haltestücke zumindest eine schräge Stirnfläche aufweisen, wobei schräge Stirnflächen mit Stirnflächen benachbarter Haltestücke oder Beschlagselemente im Sinne einer radialen Verstellbarkeit der Haltestücke zusammen wirken.With regard to an adjustability in the direction of the edge surfaces of the plates or away from these, it is particularly advantageous if the holding pieces have at least one oblique face, with oblique faces interact with end faces adjacent holding pieces or fitting elements in the sense of radial adjustability of the holding pieces together.
Eine weitere, in vielen Fällen zweckmäßige Möglichkeit des Fixierens der Haltestücke besteht darin, dass auf Stabstücken von Tragelementen aufgebrachte Haltestücke mit Hilfe von auf den Stabstücken sitzenden Muttern in Axialrichtung aneinander pressbar sind.Another, in many cases convenient way of fixing the holding pieces is that on rod pieces of support elements applied holding pieces with the help of seated on the rod pieces nuts in the axial direction can be pressed against each other.
Die Erfindung samt weiteren Vorteilen ist im folgenden an Hand beispielsweiser Ausführungsformen näher erläutert, die in der Zeichnung veranschaulicht sind. In dieser zeigen
- Fig. 1 eine Vorderansicht einer Verglasungskonstruktion, welche z.B. eine Trennwand in einem Gebäude bilden kann,
- Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht der Konstruktion nach Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3 einen Schnitt nach der Linie III-III der Fig. 1,
- Fig. 4 in vergrößerter Darstellung ein Detail der Fig. 1 in einem Kreuzungsbereich von Längsfugen und Querfugen,
- Fig. 5 einen Schnitt längs der Linie IV-IV der Fig. 4,
- Fig. 6 in schaubildlicher Explosionsdarstellung den Kreuzungsbereich nach Fig. 4,
- die Fig. 7 bis 11 fünf Varianten von im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung vorteilhaft anwendbaren Haltestücken in Radialschnitten und
- Fig. 12 in einem Schnitt, ähnlich jenem nach Fig. 3, eine Ausführung eines Haltestückes in Zusammenhang mit einem Tragelement, das elliptischen Querschnitt besitzt.
- 1 is a front view of a glazing structure, which may for example form a partition wall in a building,
- 2 is a side view of the construction of FIG. 1,
- 3 is a section along the line III-III of Fig. 1,
- 4 is an enlarged view of a detail of FIG. 1 in a crossing region of longitudinal joints and transverse joints,
- 5 is a section along the line IV-IV of Fig. 4,
- 6 is a perspective exploded view of the crossing region of FIG. 4,
- Figs. 7 to 11 five variants of advantageously applicable in connection with the invention holding pieces in radial sections and
- Fig. 12 in a section similar to that of Fig. 3, an embodiment of a holding piece in connection with a supporting element which has an elliptical cross-section.
Wie die Fig. 1, 2 und 3 zeigen, sind zwischen einer Bodenkonstruktion BOD und einer Deckenkonstruktion DEC drei Zugelemente ZUG gespannt, deren Enden je in Verankerungen VNK gehalten sind. Die Zugelemente ZUG dienen als Tragelemente für Platten PLT, z. B. Glasplatten, wobei im gezeigten vereinfachten Beispiel sechs Platten vorhanden sind.As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, between a floor construction BOD and a ceiling construction DEC three tension elements ZUG are stretched, whose ends are each held in anchors VNK. The tension elements ZUG serve as support elements for plates PLT, z. As glass plates, wherein in the simplified example shown six plates are present.
Die Platten PLT sind mit Fuge angeordnet, d.h. es sind Längsfugen LFU und Teilungsfugen TFU als Querfugen vorgesehen. Die Zugelemente ZUG verlaufen, wie insbesondere aus Fig. 3 hervorgeht, parallel und überdies im wesentlichen mittig zu den Randflächen RFL der Platten PLT, d.h. zu jenen Flächen, welche die Längsfugen LFU bilden.The plates PLT are arranged with joint, i. longitudinal joints LFU and division joints TFU are provided as cross joints. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, the tension elements ZUG run parallel and, moreover, substantially in the middle of the edge surfaces RFL of the plates PLT, i. to those surfaces which form the longitudinal joints LFU.
Im vorliegenden Beispiel verlaufen die Platten PLT nicht durchgehend von oben nach unten, was in der Praxis durchaus der Fall sein kann, sondern es ist eine Unterteilung durch die Teilungsfugen TFU vorhanden. Die Teilungsfugen TFU verlaufen zwischen den Platten PLT von einem Tragelement ZUG bzw. einer Längsfuge LFU ausgehend zu einem benachbarten Tragelement ZUG bzw. einer benachbarten Längsfuge LFU. Quer-Tragelemente QTL sind innerhalb der Teilungsfugen TFU in gleicher Weise angeordnet, wie die Trag/Zugelemente ZUG in den Längsfugen LFU, was weiter unten in Zusammenhang mit weiteren Figuren noch besser ersichtlich wird.In the present example, the plates PLT do not run continuously from top to bottom, which may well be the case in practice, but there is a subdivision by the dividing lines TFU. The division joints TFU extend between the plates PLT from a support element ZUG or a longitudinal joint LFU starting to an adjacent support element ZUG or a neighboring longitudinal joint LFU. Transverse support elements QTL are arranged within the division joints TFU in the same way as the support / traction elements ZUG in the longitudinal joints LFU, which will be seen more clearly below in connection with further figures.
Die Quer-Tragelemente QTL können - ebenso wie die Tragelemente ZUG - starre Stäbe oder flexible Zugelemente sein, wobei im gezeigten Beispiel die Tragelemente ZUG vertikal und die Quer-Tragelemente QTL horizontal verlaufen. Bei anderen, hier nicht gezeigten Ausführungsformen, kann die Plattenkonstruktion auch nach Art eines Daches geneigt sein. Weiters müssen nicht sämtliche Platten PLT wie in Fig. 1, 2 in einer Ebene liegen, wobei dann die Konstruktion zumindest abschnittsweise ein Prisma oder eine Pyramide bildet.The transverse support elements QTL can - as well as the support elements ZUG - be rigid rods or flexible tension elements, in the example shown, the support elements ZUG run vertically and the transverse support elements QTL horizontal. In other, not shown embodiments, the plate construction may also be inclined in the manner of a roof. Furthermore, not all plates PLT must lie in one plane as in FIGS. 1, 2, in which case the construction forms, at least in sections, a prism or a pyramid.
Wie bereits erwähnt wurde, können die Platten PLT auch durchgehend von oben nach unten verlaufen. Andererseits ist eine Unterteilung der Plattenkonstruktion auch in anderen geometrischen Mustern, wie z.B. in Dreiecken, möglich.As already mentioned, the plates PLT can also run continuously from top to bottom. On the other hand, a subdivision of the plate construction also in other geometric patterns, such. in triangles, possible.
Allen Ausführungsvarianten der Erfindung ist jedoch gemeinsam, dass die Tragelemente zumindest im wesentlichen innerhalb der Fugen verlaufen bzw. an den Rändern der Konstruktion - wo es natürlich keine Fugen gibt - im Nahbereich der Randflächen RFL. Die Konstruktion nach der Erfindung kann somit ohne vorspringende Halter, wie sie dem eingangs genannten Stand der Technik zueigen sind, realisiert werden.All variants of the invention, however, have in common that the support elements extend at least substantially within the joints or at the edges of the construction - where there are of course no joints - in the vicinity of the edge surfaces RFL. The construction according to the invention can thus be realized without projecting holder, as they are inheriting the aforementioned prior art.
Zumindest für von oben nach unten, geneigt oder vertikal verlaufende Tragelemente ist die Ausbildung als vorgespannte Zugelemente besonders zweckmäßig. Hier können vor allem Stahlseile aus rostfreiem Stahl oder Seile aus hochfesten Kunststoffen, wie Aramidfasern, Karbonfasern etc. Verwendung finden, ebenso vorgespannte Stäbe aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff oder Stahl.At least for from top to bottom, inclined or vertical support members training as prestressed tension elements is particularly useful. Steel ropes made of stainless steel or ropes made of high-strength plastics, such as aramid fibers, carbon fibers, etc., can be used here, as well as prestressed rods made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or steel.
An Knotenpunkten von Tragelementen ZUG, QTL sind Beschlagselemente vorgesehen, die zur Verbindung von Tragelementen dienen und bei dem Beispiel nach Fig. 1, 2 kreuzförmige Beschlagselemente KBE, T-förmige Beschlagselemente TBE oder winkelförmige Beschlagselemente WBE sein können. Weiters wird man bei größeren Abmessungen der Platten PLT auch stabförmige Beschlagselemente SBE verwenden, um die Platten zusätzlich abstützen zu können. Einige solcher Elemente werden weiter unten in Zusammenhang z.B. mit den Fig. 4 bis 6 näher beschrieben. Alle diese Beschlagselemente bilden auch einen Teil der Tragelemente ZUG bzw. QTL.At nodes of support elements ZUG, QTL fitting elements are provided which serve to connect support elements and in the example of Fig. 1, 2 cross-shaped fitting elements KBE, T-shaped fitting elements TBE or angle-shaped fitting elements WBE can be. Furthermore, you will use with larger dimensions of the plates PLT and rod-shaped fitting elements SBE to support the plates can also. Some of such elements will be described below in connection e.g. 4 to 6 described in more detail with Figs. All of these fitting elements also form part of the support elements ZUG or QTL.
Aus den Fig. 4, 5 und 6 gehen nun Details hinsichtlich der Befestigung der Platten PLT an den Tragelementen ZUG, QTL hervor. Es können Haltestücke verwendet werden, deren prinzipieller Aufbau in Zusammenhang mit Glasplatten bereits in der schon genannten WO 03/033 851 A1 gezeigt ist.From FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, details regarding the attachment of the plates PLT to the support elements ZUG, QTL will now be apparent. It can be used holding pieces whose basic structure in connection with glass plates already in the already mentioned WO 03/033 851 A1 is shown.
Ein kreuzförmiges Beschlagselement KBE besteht aus zwei schalenartigen Hälften KB1, KB2, die mit Hilfe von vier Schraubbolzen SBO gegeneinander verspannt werden können. Das Beschlagselement KBE umfasst einerseits ein Zugelement ZUG und hält andererseits die Enden eines linken bzw. eines rechten Stabstückes LSS bzw. RSS, wobei diese Stabstücke von den Schraubbolzen SBO durchsetzt werden. Die Stabstücke LSS, RSS bilden einen Teil der Quertragelemente QTL, wenn sie, wie hier gezeigt, in geeigneter Weise mit einem Horizontal- bzw. Quer-Zugelemente QZU verbunden sind, z.B. einem Seil aus rostfreiem Stahl, dessen Durchmesse 10mm betragen kann. Das durch das Beschlagselement KBE laufende, in der Zeichnung vertikale Zugelemente ZUG kann ein vorgespanntes Seil sein, welches gleichfalls aus rostfreiem Stahl besteht und einen größeren Durchmesser, z.B. 16mm besitzt.A cross-shaped fitting KBE consists of two shell-like halves KB1, KB2, which can be braced against each other by means of four bolts SBO. The fitting element KBE on the one hand comprises a tension element ZUG and on the other hand holds the ends of a left or a right rod piece LSS or RSS, these rod pieces being penetrated by the bolt SBO. The bar pieces LSS, RSS form part of the transverse support elements QTL if, as shown here, they are suitably connected to a horizontal or transverse tension element QZU, e.g. a rope made of stainless steel, whose diameter can be 10mm. The traction elements ZUG running through the fitting element KBE, which are vertical in the drawing, can be a prestressed rope, which likewise consists of stainless steel and has a larger diameter, e.g. 16mm owns.
Vorstehend wurde die "Umgebung" eines der in Fig. 1 gezeigten kreuzförmigen Beschlagselementes beschrieben, d.h. das Zusammenwirken dieses Elementes mit Längs- und Quertragelementen, Haltestücken und Platten. Sinngemäße Anordnungen liegen auch bei den winkelförmigen Beschlagselementen WBE, den T-förmigen Beschlagselementen TBE und den stabförmigen Beschlagselementen TBE vor. Dabei soll festgehalten werden, dass beispielsweise für den Fall von oben nach unten durchlaufenden, einstückigen Glasplatten überhaupt keine Beschlagselemente vorgesehen und die Haltestücke direkt an vertikalen Zugelementen befestigt sein können.The "environment" of one of the cross-shaped fitting element shown in Fig. 1 has been described above, ie the interaction of this element with longitudinal and transverse support elements, holding pieces and plates. Corresponding arrangements are also present in the angular fitting elements WBE, the T-shaped fitting elements TBE and the rod-shaped fitting elements TBE. It should be noted that, for example, in the case of top to bottom continuous, one-piece glass plates no fitting elements provided and the holding pieces can be attached directly to vertical tension elements.
Wie Fig. 6 weiters entnehmbar, ist auf das Querzugelement QZU - im Beispiel ein Drahtseil - ein Endstück ENS aufgepresst, das an seinem freien Ende ein Innengewinde besitzt. Dieses wirkt mit einem Außengewinde des Stabstückes LSS zusammen und zur Sicherung ist eine Gegenmutter GMU vorgesehen. Durch Verdrehen des Endstückes ENS mitsamt dem Querzugelement QZU kann somit die wirksame Länge der querverlaufenden Tragelemente QTL geändert werden, beispielsweise um ein Nachspannen zu erzielen. Auf dem Endstück ENS ausgebildete Angriffsflächen AGF ermöglichen ein Verdrehen mit Hilfe eines Mutterschlüssels. Falls das Stabstück LSS bzw. RSS an seinem anderen Ende gleichfalls ein Endstück, jedoch mit einem gegenläufigen Gewinde besitzt, kann eine Längenänderung des Quertragelements QTL ohne irgendeine Torsion der Elemente erfolgen. Sinngemäße Maßnahmen können natürlich für die vertikalen Zugelemente ZUG ergriffen werden.As shown in FIG. 6 further removed, is on the transverse tension element QZU - in the example a wire rope - an end piece ENS pressed, which has an internal thread at its free end. This cooperates with an external thread of the rod piece LSS and for securing a counter nut EMU is provided. By twisting the end piece ENS together with the transverse tension element QZU, the effective length of the transverse support elements QTL can thus be changed, for example in order to achieve re-tensioning. On the tail ENS trained attack surfaces AGF allow twisting with the help of a parent key. If the rod piece LSS or RSS at its other end also has an end piece but with a counter-rotating thread, a change in length of the transverse support element QTL can take place without any torsion of the elements. Appropriate measures can of course be taken for the vertical tension elements ZUG.
Die Haltestücke für die Platten PLT, hier Glasplatten mit einer Stärke von z.B. 15 bis 30mm, können unterschiedliche Bauart aufweisen, wobei insbesondere aus Fig. 6 mehrere Varianten hervorgehen.The holding pieces for the plates PLT, here glass plates with a thickness of e.g. 15 to 30mm, may have different design, in particular from Fig. 6 show several variants.
Eine erste Variante eines Haltestückes HL1 (siehe auch Fig. 7) besitzt in seinem Körper eine Durchgangsbohrung BOR, sodass es auf ein Tragelement ZUG, QTL in axialer Richtung aufgeschoben werden kann. Ein Fixieren erfolgt mit Hilfe von kurzen Schraubbolzen KBO, welche mit Gewindebohrungen GBO im Haltestück HL1 zusammenwirken und an dem Tragelement fixierend angreifen können. Wie auch die noch weiter unten beschriebenen Haltestücke besitzt diese Ausführungsform ein dem Randbereich einer Platte PLT bzw. Glasscheibe entsprechend ausgebildetes Aufnahmeprofil ANP, das hier im Querschnitt trapezförmig ist. Das muldenartige Profil ANP ist mit einer weicheren Schicht WSC, z.B. aus aufgelegtem Kunststoff oder aufvulkanisiertem Gummi versehen. Die Halter selbst können z.B. aus rostfreiem Stahl oder aus einer Aluminiumlegierung bestehen.A first variant of a holding piece HL1 (see also FIG. 7) has in its body a through hole BOR, so that it can be pushed onto a supporting element ZUG, QTL in the axial direction. A fixing takes place with the aid of short bolts KBO, which cooperate with threaded holes GBO in the holding piece HL1 and can engage the fixing element in a fixing manner. Like the retaining pieces described below, this embodiment has a receiving profile ANP designed correspondingly to the edge region of a plate PLT or glass pane, which is trapezoidal in cross-section here. The trough-like profile ANP is associated with a softer layer WSC, e.g. Made of applied plastic or vulcanised rubber. The holders themselves may e.g. made of stainless steel or an aluminum alloy.
Einen weitere, der Fig. 6 und der Fig. 8 entnehmbare Haltestückvariante HL2, HL3 kann, wie aus Fig. 8 hervorgeht, auf ein Tragelement in radialer Richtung aufgesetzt werden, wobei ein Aufnahmekanal ANK so dimensioniert, bzw. an seiner Einschiebeöffnung ESO verengt ist, dass ein Aufschnappen der Haltestücke HL2, HL3 auf die Tragelemente möglich ist und die Haltestücke sodann auf dem Tragelement festgeklemmt, aber dennoch in axialer Richtung sowie in einer radialen Richtung verschieblich sitzen.As can be seen from FIG. 8, another holding piece variant HL2, HL3 which can be removed from FIGS. 6 and 8 can be placed on a carrier element in the radial direction, a receiving channel ANK being dimensioned or narrowed at its insertion opening ESO in that snapping-on of the holding pieces HL2, HL3 onto the supporting elements is possible and the holding pieces are then clamped on the supporting element, but nevertheless displaceable in the axial direction and in a radial direction.
Schließlich zeigen Fig. 4 und 6 bzw. im Detail Fig. 10 ein zweiteiliges Haltestück HL4, dessen beiden Teile T41, T42 mit Hilfe von vier, etwa tangential gelegenen Schraubbolzen TBO miteinander verbunden und gegen ein Tragelement, hier ein vertikales Zugelement ZUG gepresst werden können.Finally, Figs. 4 and 6 and in detail Fig. 10 shows a two-piece holding piece HL4, the two parts T41, T42 with the help of four, approximately tangentially located bolts TBO connected to each other and against a support element, here a vertical tension element ZUG can be pressed ,
Zum Ausgleich von Toleranzen, insbesondere der Platten PLT, ist es angebracht, wenn die Lage der Haltestücke HL1...HL4 bezüglich der Tragelemente ZUG, QTL einstellbar ist. Diese Forderung und Lösungsmöglichkeiten gehen bereits aus der WO 03/033 851 A1 hervor. Im vorliegenden Fall zeigt insbesondere Fig. 5 Beispiele einer solchen Verstellung. Zunächst sind sämtliche Halteelemente HL1...HL4 in axialer Richtung bezüglich der Tragelemente ZUG, QTL bzw. deren Teile LSS, RSS verschieblich und jene Haltestücke HL1, HL3, welche Schraubbolzen KBO, TBO besitzen, sind auch bezüglich der Tragelemente fixierbar.To compensate for tolerances, in particular of the plates PLT, it is appropriate if the position of the holding pieces HL1 ... HL4 with respect to the support elements ZUG, QTL is adjustable. This requirement and possible solutions are already apparent from WO 03/033 851 A1. In the present case, in particular FIG. 5 shows examples of such an adjustment. First, all holding elements HL1 ... HL4 in the axial direction with respect to the support elements ZUG, QTL or their parts LSS, RSS are displaced and those holding pieces HL1, HL3, which have bolts KBO, TBO, are also fixable with respect to the support elements.
Weiters ist aus den Fig. 4 und 6 erkennbar, dass die benachbarten Haltestücke HL1 und HL2 einerseits und HL3 und HL4 andererseits einander zugewandte schräge Stirnflächen SS1 und SS2 bzw. SS3 und SS4 besitzen. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel weisen die Haltestücke HL1 und HL2 je eine schräge, d.h. nicht normal (90°) auf ein Tragelement verlaufende Stirnfläche SS1 und SS2 auf, wogegen an den Haltestücken HL3 beide Stirnflächen SS3 schräg verlaufen. Weitere schräge Stirnflächen SSK sind an dem kreuzförmigen Beschlagselement KBE, benachbart zu den Haltestücken HL3, zu finden.Furthermore, it can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 6 that the adjacent holding pieces HL1 and HL2, on the one hand, and HL3 and HL4, on the other hand, have mutually facing oblique end faces SS1 and SS2 or SS3 and SS4. In this embodiment, the holding pieces HL1 and HL2 each have an oblique, i. not normal (90 °) on a support element extending end face SS1 and SS2, whereas at the holding pieces HL3 both end faces SS3 obliquely. Further oblique end faces SSK can be found on the cross-shaped fitting element KBE, adjacent to the holding pieces HL3.
Die genannten schrägen Stirnflächen erlauben es, dass die nicht mit Schraubbolzen fixierten Haltestücke HL2 und HL3 auch in Richtung der Randflächen RFL der Platten PLT justiert werden können, sodass ein Toleranzausgleich möglich ist. Ein Fixieren der Haltestücke HL3 auf den vertikalen Zugelementen ZUG erfolgt hier durch die benachbarten, mittels der Bolzen TBO fixierbaren Haltestücke HL4, wogegen die Haltestücke HL2 mit Hilfe von Spezialmuttern SMU fixiert werden, die auf ein Außengewinde der Stabstücke LSS, RSS aufschraubbar sind. In Fig. 6 erkennt man auch ein Werkzeug WZE, mit dessen Hilfe die Spezialmuttern SMU angezogen werden können.The said oblique end faces make it possible for the holding pieces HL2 and HL3, which are not fixed with bolts, to be adjusted in the direction of the edge surfaces RFL of the plates PLT, so that a tolerance compensation is possible. A fixing of the holding pieces HL3 on the vertical tension elements ZUG takes place here by the adjacent holding pieces HL4 fixable by means of the bolts TBO, whereas the holding pieces HL2 are fixed by means of special nuts SMU which can be screwed onto an external thread of the bar pieces LSS, RSS. In Fig. 6 can also be seen a tool WZE, with the help of the special nuts SMU can be tightened.
Es ist für den Fachmann klar, dass auch viele andere Ausführungen von Haltestücken möglich sind, welche in Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung Verwendung finden können. So zeigt Fig. 10 eine weitere zweiteilige Variante eines Haltestücks HL5, bei welchen die beiden Teile TS1, TS2 in axialer Richtung zusammengeschoben bzw. auseinandergeschoben werden können, wobei sie durch eine Verzahnung VEZ in radialer Richtung formschlüssig zusammengehalten werden. Auch hier können Schraubbolzen BOZ an den Tragelementen zum Zweck der Fixierens und/oder Justierens angreifen. Eine ähnliche, jedoch einteilige Variante eines Haltestücks HL6 ist in Fig. 11 gezeigt.It is clear to those skilled in the art that many other types of holding pieces are possible, which can be used in connection with the invention. Thus, FIG. 10 shows a further two-part variant of a holding piece HL5, in which the two parts TS1, TS2 can be pushed together or pushed apart in the axial direction, wherein they are held together in a form-fitting manner by a toothing VEZ in the radial direction. Again, bolts can attack BOZ on the support elements for the purpose of fixing and / or adjusting. A similar but one-piece variant of a retaining piece HL6 is shown in FIG.
Zu den Haltestücken sei noch angemerkt, dass deren Verstellen in radialer Richtung immer dann möglich ist, wenn die Aufnahme für ein Tragelement zumindest in einer Richtung größer ist, als der Durchmesser des Tragelements - siehe z.B. Fig. 8. Falls gewünscht können weiters die schrägen Stirnflächen der Haltestücke mit einer Riffelung oder Verzahnung ausgebildet sein, um ein gegenseitiges Verrutschen im montierten Zustand zu vermeiden.It should be noted to the holding pieces that their adjustment in the radial direction is always possible if the receptacle for a support element in at least one direction is greater than the diameter of the support element - see, e.g. Fig. 8. If desired, the oblique faces of the holding pieces may further be formed with a corrugation or toothing to prevent mutual slipping in the assembled state.
Letztlich sei die Bemerkung angebracht, dass die Tragelemente, seien es Stäbe oder Zugelemente, nicht notwendigerweise kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen müssen und ebenso aus mehreren Einzelelementen bestehen können. In dieser Hinsicht wird auf Fig. 12 verwiesen, die ein Haltesstück HL7 zeigt, das im Wesentlichen der Ausführung nach Fig. 9 entspricht, wobei jedoch der Aufnahmekanal elliptischen Querschnitt aufweist. Das Tragelement ZUG besteht hier aus sieben einzelnen Zugelementen, beispielsweise aus Karbonfasern bestehende, die ihrerseits innerhalb eines auf diese Zugelemente aufgequetschten Rohres ROR gehalten sind. Schraubbolzen TBO pressen die beiden Einzelteile des Haltestücks HL7 gegeneinander und gegen das Zugelement ZUG.Finally, it should be noted that the support elements, whether rods or tension elements, do not necessarily have to have a circular cross-section and may also consist of several individual elements. In this regard, reference is made to Fig. 12, which shows a holding piece HL7 which substantially corresponds to the embodiment of Fig. 9, but wherein the receiving channel has an elliptical cross-section. The support element ZUG here consists of seven individual tension elements, for example made of carbon fibers, which in turn are held within a squeezed onto these tension elements tube ROR. Bolts TBO press the two parts of the holding piece HL7 against each other and against the pulling element ZUG.
Claims (20)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Tragkonstruktion Tragelemente (ZUG, QTL) aufweist, welche parallel zu den Randflächen (RFL) der Platten (PLT) in deren Nahbereich verlaufen, wobei die Haltestücke (HST) in vorgebbaren Abständen an den Tragelementen befestigbar sind.Plate holding system (PLT), which is fastened to a supporting structure (ZUG, QTL) by means of holding pieces (HST) acting on its edge areas and arranged with a joint (LFU, TFU),
characterized in that
the support structure has support elements (ZUG, QTL) which run parallel to the edge surfaces (RFL) of the plates (PLT) in their vicinity, wherein the holding pieces (HST) can be fastened at predeterminable distances on the support elements.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AT18702004 | 2004-11-09 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1655441A2 true EP1655441A2 (en) | 2006-05-10 |
EP1655441A3 EP1655441A3 (en) | 2007-01-10 |
EP1655441B1 EP1655441B1 (en) | 2010-01-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP05450181A Not-in-force EP1655441B1 (en) | 2004-11-09 | 2005-11-07 | Fixing system for plates or shells |
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EP (1) | EP1655441B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE454525T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE502005008818D1 (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5163257A (en) | 1991-01-18 | 1992-11-17 | James Crowell | Glazing bar system |
WO2005061220A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2005-07-07 | Neugebauer Juergen | Composite glass pane |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3734576A1 (en) * | 1987-10-13 | 1989-04-27 | Conzelmann Flachglas | Retaining device for glass facades of buildings |
DE10037683C2 (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-11-07 | Dorma Gmbh & Co Kg | Fastening device for sheet-like elements |
DE50113406D1 (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2008-01-31 | Alfons Oberhofer | STOP SYSTEM FOR PANELED FACADE ELEMENTS |
-
2005
- 2005-11-07 EP EP05450181A patent/EP1655441B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-11-07 DE DE502005008818T patent/DE502005008818D1/en active Active
- 2005-11-07 AT AT05450181T patent/ATE454525T1/en active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5163257A (en) | 1991-01-18 | 1992-11-17 | James Crowell | Glazing bar system |
WO2005061220A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2005-07-07 | Neugebauer Juergen | Composite glass pane |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1655441B1 (en) | 2010-01-06 |
ATE454525T1 (en) | 2010-01-15 |
DE502005008818D1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
EP1655441A3 (en) | 2007-01-10 |
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