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EP1501634A2 - Procede et dispositif pour le traitement de materiaux, de materiaux composites et de leurs composes - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour le traitement de materiaux, de materiaux composites et de leurs composes

Info

Publication number
EP1501634A2
EP1501634A2 EP03756988A EP03756988A EP1501634A2 EP 1501634 A2 EP1501634 A2 EP 1501634A2 EP 03756988 A EP03756988 A EP 03756988A EP 03756988 A EP03756988 A EP 03756988A EP 1501634 A2 EP1501634 A2 EP 1501634A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
separation
rotor
composite
mixtures
composites
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03756988A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Muther
Kee Loo Tan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Result Tech AG
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1501634A2 publication Critical patent/EP1501634A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/20—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with two or more co-operating rotors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/20—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with two or more co-operating rotors
    • B02C13/205—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with two or more co-operating rotors arranged concentrically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/288—Ventilating, or influencing air circulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C2013/145—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with fast rotating vanes generating vortexes effecting material on material impact
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for treating wastes and residues of solid organic or inorganic substances or composites or mixtures thereof.
  • the abovementioned wastes include, for example, industrial residues such as electronic scrap or slags from metal prevention, but also household waste in different compositions.
  • the latter mainly covers organic mixtures such as food, plastic packaging, composite packaging, but also inorganic components such as glass, metals and their composites.
  • the decomposition of the composite element takes place via the grain or particle size, which is smaller than the respective layer thickness of the components.
  • This digestion is generally carried out by means of at least one-stage superfine comminution in corresponding mills, such as hammer, impact or countercurrent mills. Mills - carried out, possibly with the support of nitrogen for inerting and for cooling.
  • the co-operating with the housing wall grinding or crushing plates are each equipped at its end with an elliptical frame; These frames run on a construction circle on the inside of the housing and are intended to increase the grinding and crushing effect. Moreover, according to the author of those FR-A-1.562.613, turbulences should additionally be involved in this comminution process. On the housing of this crushing mill is below the fan to a bypass, the screened coarse parts again the lower inflow transmits.
  • Such a size reduction mill is also disclosed in DE-A-42 13 274, which is used as a micro-birefringence mill for the fine comminution of metal-containing composite materials, especially for the recovery of precious metals, from assembled printed circuit boards.
  • the copper is comminuted to about 80 to 100 microns grain size and discharged through the classifier air.
  • a baffle edge is arranged, which deflects the particles flowing around the periphery of the rotor into the bypass opening.
  • the vortices produced during the rotary movement of the rotor are shown in the drawing in the form of a comic strip appearance, without any procedural significance being presented.
  • WO-A-9 305 883 contains a process tree for recovering fibers from glass fiber reinforced plastics or the like. with a shredder, after which the crushed good is pulverized. From this powder released fibers are separated and used the remaining powdered debris, for example as a filler. In this family tree there is a pulverizer called micromill, which is similar in construction to that of FR-A-1.562.013.
  • a mixture is the demolition edges with a Acceleration of 20 to 60 m / sec 2 fed and prepared in the vortices a mixture accelerating fürschende movement.
  • this separation or Aufsch the adhesion between the components of the solid parts by their force exceeding acceleration and frictional forces is removed, and the components of the solid particles are separated from each other under separation of the layers of said composite material or subtracted from each other.
  • the known methods thus have the task of preparing composites and mixtures of substances to reduce, homogenize and also partially or totally separate. Such methods are based in particular on mechanical shearing and pinching, on relatively uncontrolled fragmentation or on separation in high-energy vortices.
  • the inventor has set himself the goal of developing a method by which mixtures and composite elements are treated in such a way that the fractions obtained from the process can be recycled as valuable substances into the economic cycle.
  • the mixtures and composites are separated and separated by means of a mechanical method
  • shock waves occur which unlock these composite elements.
  • the conveying path in a spiral-like manner downwards in a rotor with a vertical axis
  • the mentioned shock wave is preferably generated on a baffle wall of the rotor between the layers of the composite.
  • two mutually radially spaced coaxial associated wall surfaces rotate relative to each other about its axis, and between the baffles radially projecting baffles moving from centrifugal forces composites or mixtures are moved and digested.
  • the decomposition of the composite can take place upon impact with a baffle, and its metallic components are deformed in a ball-like manner; Preferably, during the deformation process, the layered metallic constituent is rolled up. It has proven to be favorable to comminute the composite element to a particle size of 10 mm to 50 mm prior to the separation or Aufsch occidentalvorgang, optionally also subject to a thermal pretreatment.
  • the discharge from the separation or Aufsch occidentalvorgang can advantageously be subjected to a separation and / or screening process or a separation process for non-ferrous metals.
  • the separation is carried out on separating tables and / or fluidized bed separators, wherein the metal and / or plastic parts are compacted after separation.
  • the method described is characterized by the simplicity and functionality of the device according to the invention, and it is given a correspondingly simple or less problematic operation.
  • the desired simplicity of the concept and the structure of the rotor machine described allows their technical realization without problems. Exploitation of material science findings, tempering, computer and simulation-based design optimization, as well as the possible adaptation and optimization of the process parameters will further increase the expected active power.
  • an apparatus for carrying out the method described in which the conveying path for the composites or the mixture is guided in opposite directions to the flow path of process air in the interior of a rotor and the material feed is arranged in the ridge region of the rotor.
  • the conveying path should run between two mutually relatively movable wall surfaces, of which protrude into the conveying path on both sides and mutually offset baffles.
  • the wall surfaces are coaxially curved and / or rotatably mounted in the rotational direction of the rotor.
  • the resulting separation costs should actually be relatively low.
  • the corresponding costs ultimately represent the total consumption of resources, such as transport performance, energy, labor (always associated with consumption of resources!), Water-air and land use, substitution effect or the like. and consequently the entire environmental impact. If the amount of successfully treated waste streams and their conversion into material flows increases as a result of the economic attractiveness of the process, the resulting substitution naturally results in a corresponding reduction in the consumption of primary resources.
  • Fig. 2 the change in the baffle-fed composite element in four stages
  • a composite strip 10 of thickness e is supplied with a middle layer 14 of an aluminum alloy, covered on both sides by PE layers 12, in the conveying direction x of a baffle 20 crossing this. Thanks to the momentum of the acceleration and an abrupt drop of this pulse on the baffle 20 and the shock waves occurring between the layers 12, 14 of the composite strip 10, the physical differences of the various materials - such as density, elasticity, ductility or the like. - Used so that due to the different behavior of the composite components 12, 14 of the composite strip 10, these separate from each other.
  • the step b) in Figure 1 shows the significant and lasting deformation of the aluminum layer 14 and the very short-term deformation of the two plastic layers 12; between the materials of the layers 12, 14 creates a shear force at the phase boundaries.
  • step c) of FIG. 1 both the aluminum layer 14 - now in spherical form - bounces off against the direction of the pulse x and the plastic layers 12, which have stretched again as a result of the restoring force from the deformation situation of step b). Metals are deformed, thereby obtaining a spherical structure resulting from a rolled metal layer 14; these balls now have a multiple diameter than before in the flat structure before treatment.
  • FIG. Step a) shows here the starting product 10 with its strip-shaped layers 12, 14.
  • b) a progressive digestion can be seen; the layers 12 5 gap apart in a mouth-like manner, and the central Al layer 14 begins to curl against the direction of the pulse x.
  • step c) the middle layer 14 increasingly grows and reaches in step d) the spherical shape 14 a ; the layers 12 are - as described above - returned to their original form.
  • Fig. 3 project from two at a radial distance a parallel curved wall surfaces 22, 22 a mutually facing baffles 24, 24 a at horizontal distance b vonein-
  • a rotor 26 is indicated with the direction of rotation yi about the rotor axis A, which at 30 from above a mixture of materials is supplied.
  • the composites 10 of the material mixture are guided downwards by gravity
  • FIG. 5 The energetic utilization of the process is shown in FIG. 5; Not shown here are the usual 5 steps during the mechanical pretreatment with a - possibly in the manner of a ball mill trained - Ballenöffner- and drying station, a pre-shredder, an Fe-separator and a NE-separator. From the dryer Waste arrives at a filter and the separators convert material that can be recycled into a mechanical treatment. Below the NE separator, a thermal utilization station for energetically usable substances (residual organics) is arranged. A mixer or charging device 40 is shown in front of a metering device 42 and a following station 44 for rotary kiln gasification or fluidized bed combustion.
  • Fig. 7 In the mechanical treatment of Fig. 7 follows a crusher 28 a, an Fe-30, at the discharge 31, a station 36 a for the mechanical digestion, which is a NE separator 32 a downstream.
  • a station 36 a for the mechanical digestion which is a NE separator 32 a downstream.
  • the nonferrous fractions reach a sieving station 58 with table reader 60, from which the proportions of copper, light metal and various heavy metals are taken.
  • the plastic components from the non-ferrous separator 32 a reach a separator 62, in shares of PE; PP; PS; PET; PVC separates. These substances are in each case forwarded to compounding stations, from which the corresponding granules 5 can be found.
  • Fig. 8 shows a family tree for household waste. This waste is subjected to mechanical pretreatment as input at 64; pass through a discharge 66
  • Energetically usable substances are passed through a discharge 68 for further treatment.
  • the fraction of material recyclable materials is mechanically processed and separated into - up to four - fractions, which are indicated for 71 (metals), 71 a (plastics) and 71 b (minerals).
  • 71 metal
  • 71 a plastics
  • 71 b minerals
  • the collected fraction of energetically usable substances is treated in station 74 by means of an energetic process, and the resulting thermal energy at 76 is attributed to the mechanical separation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour le traitement de déchets et de produits résiduels constitués de matériaux ou de matériaux composites solides organiques ou inorganiques ou de composés de ces matériaux. Selon ce procédé, on décompose ou on sépare les constituants dans le matériau composite ou le composé au moyen d'une impulsion à l'aide d'un dispositif interrompant brusquement le flux du matériau ou du composé. A cet effet, on amène, en sens inverse dans un chemin d'écoulement ascendant (34), de l'air de processus au chemin de transport (32) en spirale descendante généré dans un rotor (26) à axe vertical (A). Ce faisant, une onde de choc doit être générée entre les couches du matériau composite sur une paroi d'impact du rotor (26). En outre, deux surfaces de paroi, placées coaxialement à distance radiale l'une de l'autre, tournent l'une par rapport à l'autre autour de leur axe et les matériaux composites ou les composés mis en mouvement par les forces centrifuges sont mus et décomposés entre des surfaces d'impact saillant radialement des parois d'impact.
EP03756988A 2002-05-04 2003-04-30 Procede et dispositif pour le traitement de materiaux, de materiaux composites et de leurs composes Withdrawn EP1501634A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10219724 2002-05-04
DE10219724 2002-05-04
PCT/EP2003/004510 WO2003103859A2 (fr) 2002-05-04 2003-04-30 Procede et dispositif pour le traitement de materiaux, de materiaux composites et de leurs composes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1501634A2 true EP1501634A2 (fr) 2005-02-02

Family

ID=29285071

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03756988A Withdrawn EP1501634A2 (fr) 2002-05-04 2003-04-30 Procede et dispositif pour le traitement de materiaux, de materiaux composites et de leurs composes

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US7497394B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1501634A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005524532A (fr)
KR (1) KR20050007387A (fr)
CN (1) CN1649673A (fr)
AU (1) AU2003266226A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2485112A1 (fr)
CO (1) CO5420200A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10319786A1 (fr)
GT (1) GT200300103A (fr)
HN (1) HN2003000135A (fr)
PA (1) PA8573001A1 (fr)
PE (1) PE20040052A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003103859A2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200407696B (fr)

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JP2005281600A (ja) * 2004-03-30 2005-10-13 Eiwa:Kk 高分子樹脂の分解処理方法及び分解処理装置並びに分解処理生成物
DE102005017334A1 (de) * 2005-04-14 2006-10-19 Orawetz, Uta Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entsorgung von Abfall
DE102005020441A1 (de) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Silver Cay Worldwide Corp. Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Behandeln von Verbundelementen
EP2315715B1 (fr) * 2008-07-14 2017-04-26 Cake Energy, LLC Procédé et appareil de séchage et de mise en poudre de matériau
KR101515109B1 (ko) 2010-12-01 2015-04-24 스위스 리덕스 엔지니어링 아게 복합 재료를 분리하기 위한 장치
JP5816449B2 (ja) * 2011-03-31 2015-11-18 三井金属鉱業株式会社 プリント配線板からのリサイクル用有価金属原料の製造方法
DE102011050789A1 (de) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 RoTAC GmbH Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Trennen von Materialkonglomeraten aus Materialen unterschiedlicher Dichte und/oder Konsistenz
FR2988625B1 (fr) * 2012-03-27 2014-04-18 Sita France Procede pour le traitement de dechets, notamment d'ordures menageres, et installation pour mettre en oeuvre ce procede
US8920932B2 (en) 2012-07-19 2014-12-30 Empire Technology Development Llc Recycling carbon fibers from epoxy using solvent cracking
DE102014013857B4 (de) * 2014-09-24 2016-09-22 Jörg Beckmann Verwendung eines Schockwellenverfahrens
CN105126986A (zh) * 2015-01-14 2015-12-09 华能桐乡燃机热电有限责任公司 磨煤机用螺旋旋流式煤粉收集装置
DE102017103956A1 (de) 2017-02-24 2018-08-30 Schäfer Elektrotechnik und Sondermaschinen GmbH Prallreaktor
JP7275609B2 (ja) * 2019-01-31 2023-05-18 セイコーエプソン株式会社 分離装置および繊維体堆積装置
WO2022094637A1 (fr) * 2020-10-29 2022-05-05 Vortex Industrial Solutions Ltd Appareil de traitement aéroacoustique et procédé de traitement de déchets
WO2022266766A1 (fr) * 2021-06-25 2022-12-29 Torxx Kinetic Pulverizer Limited Procédé de traitement d'un écoulement de fines issu d'installations de traitement de déchets

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2005524532A (ja) 2005-08-18
GT200300103A (es) 2006-03-21
CN1649673A (zh) 2005-08-03
AU2003266226A8 (en) 2003-12-22
CO5420200A1 (es) 2004-07-30
PE20040052A1 (es) 2004-04-02
HN2003000135A (es) 2004-07-26
US20050103908A1 (en) 2005-05-19
US7497394B2 (en) 2009-03-03
CA2485112A1 (fr) 2003-12-18
KR20050007387A (ko) 2005-01-17
WO2003103859A3 (fr) 2004-03-11
ZA200407696B (en) 2005-07-01
PA8573001A1 (es) 2003-12-10
AU2003266226A1 (en) 2003-12-22
WO2003103859A2 (fr) 2003-12-18
DE10319786A1 (de) 2003-11-27

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