EP1559844B1 - Element d' isolation et système composite d' isolation thermique - Google Patents
Element d' isolation et système composite d' isolation thermique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1559844B1 EP1559844B1 EP05001495A EP05001495A EP1559844B1 EP 1559844 B1 EP1559844 B1 EP 1559844B1 EP 05001495 A EP05001495 A EP 05001495A EP 05001495 A EP05001495 A EP 05001495A EP 1559844 B1 EP1559844 B1 EP 1559844B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- insulating element
- tensile strength
- insulation
- insulating
- element according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
- D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/7654—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings
- E04B1/7658—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres
- E04B1/7662—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres comprising fiber blankets or batts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
- E04B9/04—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like
- E04B9/045—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like being laminated
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B2001/7683—Fibrous blankets or panels characterised by the orientation of the fibres
Definitions
- the invention relates to an insulating element made of bonded with a binder mineral fibers, in particular mineral wool and / or glass wool, with two large surfaces which are arranged at a distance and parallel to each other and with four side surfaces which are aligned at right angles to each other and to the large surfaces, wherein the mineral fibers are oriented in the region of at least one contact zone immediately adjacent to a large surface, substantially parallel to the large surface, and wherein between the large surfaces adjacent to the contact zone a core region is disposed in the mineral fiber substantially at right angles and / or are arranged running obliquely to the large surfaces. Furthermore, the invention relates to a thermal insulation composite system with at least one such insulating element.
- Insulating materials made of vitreous solidified mineral fibers are classified according to the chemical composition commercially available in glass wool and rock wool insulation materials. Both varieties differ in the chemical composition of the mineral fibers.
- the glass wool fibers are made from silicate melts that contain large amounts of alkalis and boron oxides that act as fluxes. These melts have a wide processing range and can be removed by means of rotating bowls whose walls have holes, to relatively smooth and long mineral fibers, which are usually at least partially bonded with mixtures of thermosetting phenol-formaldehyde and urea resins.
- the proportion of these binders in the glass wool insulating materials is for example about 5 to about 10% by mass and is also limited by the fact that the character of a non-combustible insulating material is to be preserved.
- the bond can also be made with thermoplastic binders such as polyacrylates.
- the pulp is added to other substances such as oils in amounts below about 0.4% by mass for hydrophobing and dust binding.
- the impregnated with binders and other additives mineral fibers are collected as a fiber web on a slow-speed conveyor. In most cases, the mineral fibers of several fiberizing devices are deposited one after the other on this conveyor. The mineral fibers are oriented largely directionless in one plane. But they store very flat on top of each other. By slight vertical pressure, the fiber web is compressed to the desired thickness and the conveying speed of the conveyor simultaneously to the required density and the binder cured in a curing oven by means of hot air, so that the structure of the fiber web is fixed.
- the primary nonwoven consists of relatively coarse fiber flakes, in the core areas of which higher binder concentrations are present, while in the peripheral areas weaker or non-bonded mineral fibers predominate.
- the mineral fibers are aligned in the fiber flakes approximately in the transport direction.
- Rock wool insulation materials have contents of binders of about 2 to about 4.5% by mass. With this small amount of binders, only part of the mineral fibers are in contact with the binders.
- the binders used are predominantly mixtures of phenol, formaldehyde and urea resins. Some of the resins are already substituted by polysaccharides.
- Inorganic binders are used as for the glass wool insulating materials only for special applications of insulating materials, as these are much more brittle than the largely elastic to plastic plastic reacting organic binder, which accommodates the desired character of insulating materials made of mineral fibers as elastic-springy building materials.
- the additives used are mostly high-boiling mineral oils in proportions of 0.2% by mass, in exceptional cases also about 0.4% by mass.
- the primary nonwovens are deposited by means of a pendulum-suspended conveyor transversely across another conveyor, which allows the production of an endless fibrous web consisting of a plurality of obliquely superimposed individual layers.
- a pendulum-suspended conveyor transversely across another conveyor, which allows the production of an endless fibrous web consisting of a plurality of obliquely superimposed individual layers.
- the forces acting on the fiber web cause binder-rich core zones to be compacted and unfolded into narrow lamellae, resulting in main folds with folds in flanks.
- the less bound or binder-free mineral fibers in the interstices of the folds and between the lamellae are slightly rolled and slightly compressed.
- the fine structure thus consists of relatively stiff slats, which have a certain flexibility due to their numerous folds, but are relatively stiff parallel to the folding axes and form spaces which are easily compressible.
- the compressive strength and the transverse tensile strength of the fibrous web clearly increase in comparison with a normal, in particular extremely flat, arrangement of the mineral fibers.
- the flexural strength of the fibrous web or of the sections separated from it in the form of plates or Dämmfilzen is therefore significantly higher in the transverse direction than in the production direction.
- the bending strength in the transverse direction is on the order of three to four times as high as the bending strength in the direction of production.
- a method for the production of insulating elements with a characteristic of lamellas, lamellar plates or lamellae orientation of Mineralfasem is from the EP 0 741 827 B1 known.
- a thin primary nonwoven is unfolded by an up and down moving conveyor and placed endlessly and looped on a second conveyor. This creates individual layers which are pressed against each other in the horizontal direction and are compressed differently depending on the desired density of density.
- the primary fleece is guided between two pressure-resistant bands, which initially limit only the height of the primary fleece.
- the mineral fibers are aligned in the arcuately deflected tracks of the primary web parallel to boundary surfaces.
- the primary nonwoven can also be actively compressed in the vertical direction.
- This orientation of the mineral fibers in the primary nonwoven can be done in a separate device, but is advantageously made in conjunction with a curing oven.
- the endless fibrous web produced from the primary nonwoven is flowed through in a vertical direction between two pressure belts, at least one of which is movable in the vertical direction, with hot air.
- the fibrous web with the binding and / or impregnating agents contained therein is heated, so that moisture present in the fibrous web is expelled and the binders cure, in which they form connecting films or solids.
- After fixation of the fibrous web by solidification of the binder is shown in longitudinal section a structure in which the mineral fibers are oriented in the core of the primary web predominantly perpendicular to the large surfaces of the endless fiber web.
- the mineral fibers are aligned parallel to the large surfaces. Because of the relatively high stiffness of the core of the primary web, the mineral fibers can also be compressed in a mushroom-like manner with correspondingly large vertical pressures and / or pressed downwards between the zones having mineral fibers running at right angles to the large surfaces. Between the arcuately deflected paths of the primary web generally remain small gussets, which occur as different widths and different depths transverse grooves in the two large-Shen surfaces of the endless fiber web.
- the higher density zones differ with the mineral fibers running at right angles to the large surfaces clearly from the intermediate zones with a flat arrangement of mineral fibers.
- the structure is less uniform than in insulation boards used to make fins. For example, the bending tensile strength is lower because of the inhomogeneity of the structure at a comparable density.
- the mineral fibers lying flat in the near-surface zones significantly reduce the thermal conductivity perpendicular to the large surfaces.
- insulating elements can be used in thermal insulation systems.
- a thermal insulation composite system called system, consists of particular plate-shaped insulating elements, which can be glued on a building surface to be insulated and / or with Help of Dämmstoffhaltem be fastened.
- On the mounted on the building surface insulation elements usually a two-layer plaster layer is applied, wherein the first layer of the plaster layer is usually reinforced by means of glass fiber meshes.
- insulating elements of mineral fibers already described above have been particularly suitable for use in these systems. These insulating elements are produced from a mineral fiber web continuously impregnated on a conveyor with water-borne binders and other additives such as water repellents and / or dust binders.
- Typical binders are aqueous mixtures of phenol-formaldehyde-urea resins containing catalysts for accelerating curing and adhesion promoting substances such as silanes.
- the endless mineral fiber web is intensively folded by a combined horizontal compression in the conveying direction and a vertical compression, so that arise in the range of large surfaces of the mineral fiber lattice axes.
- the connection between the individual lamellar areas is significantly less than the internal cohesion of the lamellar areas.
- the lamellar areas are largely flat to the large surfaces of the mineral fiber web.
- the lattice axes run predominantly parallel to the large upper surfaces of the mineral fiber web.
- the intensively folded and impregnated mineral fiber web is conveyed between an upper and a lower, in each case pressure-resistant and at the same time air-permeable conveyor belt of a hardening furnace. Both conveyors consist mostly of stable, connected via tension members Bodies that form perforations in a characteristic arrangement on the large surfaces.
- the deformable mineral fiber web is fixed in the curing oven in the desired delivery thickness, wherein the flexible mineral fibers are rearranged in near-surface areas such that the mineral fibers are in the near-surface areas parallel to the conveyor belts. Although another part of the mineral fibers thus transferred is pressed into the holes of the pressure-resistant conveyor belts, the mineral fibers remain in parallel storage to the correspondingly shaped surfaces.
- the residual moisture of the mineral fiber web is expelled and the binder is heated and hardened by sucking hot air through the endless mineral fiber web in a right-angled direction.
- the structure of the mineral fiber web now to be designated as an endless insulating web is fixed.
- the hot air can be used to dislodge monomers of the binders which lead to slightly increased binder contents in the near-surface areas and in the mineral fibers pressed into the holes of the conveyor belts in the hardening furnace.
- contact zones are to be distinguished.
- the endless insulation sheet is after leaving the curing oven with the help of sawing in insulation boards, for example, with a length of 800 mm and a width of 625 mm divided.
- the longitudinal axis of the insulation boards is oriented transversely to the compression, thus also transversely to the production direction of the mineral fiber web.
- the insulation boards which can be used as plaster base plates are produced with densities of about 140 to about 180 kg / m 3 .
- the proportions of the mixtures of phenol, urea, Formaldehyde resins are about 4 to about 7% by mass. Higher contents of organic binders are avoided because of the possible loss of incombustibility and also for cost reasons.
- the different transverse tensile strength of the insulation boards is used to divide the folded endless insulation web in production and corresponding horizontal compression direction in slices.
- the endless insulation material web is usually divided into large-format insulation panels.
- the individual although in the direction of the longitudinal axis lamellar folded together mineral fibers are predominantly arranged at right angles or in very steep storage to the large surfaces, ie here the cut surfaces.
- the discs are usually by Max. 200 mm thick insulation boards separated, which can be cured in the known hardening furnaces.
- mineral fiber finned plates with densities of about 85 to about 90 kg / m 3 and transverse tensile strengths of> 100 kPa and compressive strengths of about 70 kPa at 10% compression known.
- These mineral fiber lamellar plates must be classified in the heat conductivity group 045 according to DIN 4108.
- the mineral fiber lamella plates are glued with a cut surface on the building surface to be insulated.
- the mineral fiber web and thus also the finished insulation web or the insulation boards made therefrom or mineral fiber lamellar plates are hydrophobic and even with surface-active substances having adhesives an inadequate connection, so that the secure mounting of the insulation boards is cumbersome and expensive.
- the previously known Insulating board has a bulk density between about 75 and about 100 kg / m 3 and a 10 to 20 mm thick top layer, which is compressed to about 160 kg / m 3 , the mineral fibers are predominantly arranged flat to the large surface , Since the compression of the cover layer takes place independently of the actual insulation board, a contact zone is formed on the surface of the cover layer facing the insulation board.
- the bulk density of such a composite panel can be lowered in an advantageous manner with increasing thickness of about 100 kg / m 3 to about 85 kg / m 3 .
- the transverse tensile strength of this composite plate reaches a magnitude of about 5 kPa, while the compressive stress strength is about 10 kPa. If higher strength values are to be achieved, it is necessary to raise the bulk density of the cover layer to about 180 kg / m 3 and the actual insulation board to about 125 - about 135 kg / m 3 . This results in a higher compressive stress strength of about 40 kPa and a higher transverse tensile strength of ⁇ about 15 kPa.
- the relatively stiff cover layer increases the shear strength of the insulation board so that the orientation of the insulation board recedes relative to the original layer in the continuous insulation web.
- Mineral fiber lamella plates have the highest transverse tensile strength and can therefore be insulated up to building heights of about 20 m solely by bonding one of the cut surfaces with the building surface to be insulated. Between a layer of glue and the one to be insulated Building surfaces are required tensile strength of up to 80 kPa.
- plastic-containing mortars which are referred to below as adhesive mortar, or conventional plasters are used, which are approximately identical in practice.
- plastic-containing and hydraulically setting substances either applied over the entire surface of the insulation board, especially the mineral fiber lamella plate and then combed with a toothed spatula or in the form of thin, perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of adhesive beads using a carrier and appropriate accessories is applied to the wall.
- the adhesive is peripherally applied circumferentially as a bead and the other center as at least one, preferably several batches applied to the surface to be bonded to the insulation board, the proportion of trained with the adhesive surface should be at least> 40%.
- the adhesive serves as a balancing mass for the bumps of the building surface to be insulated and the surface of the insulation board, as the edges of the insulation board stiffening and together with the arranged in the central region of the surface of the insulation board bats as spacers.
- the adhesive tensile strength of the adhesive does not enter into the calculations of the stability of corresponding systems in the general building inspectorate approvals of the Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik. Nevertheless, the opposite of the building surface to be insulated at least positive adhesive layer is regarded as a safeguard against slipping of the insulation boards.
- the insulating panels of mineral fibers must mechanically with so-called Dämmstoffhaltern to be insulated Building surface to be fixed.
- These insulation holders are also commercially called screw anchor or expansion dowel.
- Insulation holder consist of a metal screw and a plastic body, which usually has a round, perforated in its surface and disc-shaped head.
- a ring with radially inwardly extending webs and a central shaft may be provided, wherein the outer ring causes a high resistance of the head against passage in the insulation board.
- the length of the hollow shank is matched to the thickness of the insulating layer and in particular of the insulating panels and ends in the form of an expansion anchor.
- a metal pin is guided in the most common embodiment, which has at one end an example hexagonal shaped screw head and at the opposite end a helical thread.
- the plastic body is hammered into a previously created hole and the metal pin screwed into the shaft until the plate rests firmly on the surface of the insulation board.
- the number of required insulation holders depends on the height of the building surface to be insulated and the size of the different insulation boards.
- the adhesion of the plaster is primarily dependent on the transverse tensile and shear strength of the surface or the near-surface zones of the insulation board made of mineral fibers.
- the thicknesses of the plaster applied to mineral fiber insulation panels have been systematically reduced by the increasing use of synthetic resin plaster.
- the insulation holder To be able to produce a flat surface with these thin plaster layers, the insulation holder must be pressed into the insulation layer if possible. Nevertheless, the coverage of the insulation holder is often not sufficient. Furthermore, these thin plaster layers have only a low heat storage capacity, so that under certain weather conditions regularly falls below the surface temperatures of the plaster layer from the ambient temperature, resulting in condensation can result. These promote the formation of biogenic films, such as the growth of algae on the surfaces of the system, leaving the areas of the plaster above the insulation holders free on the one hand because of the thermal bridging effect of the metallic screws and / or on the other hand because of the faster drying.
- the drier areas remain visible when the condensation on the surface of the plaster freezes and forms no or less ice in the area of drier places. Also, the impact of driving rain on the water-resistant surfaces of the plaster can lead to the loss of insulation material holder due to the different absorption of moisture and because of the different drying rates, especially when cleaning with lower brightness values
- insulating elements are insulating panels, in particular of mineral fibers, which are attached to building facades to form a thermal insulation system.
- the pipe shell consists of at least one insulating element which has two substantially parallel to each other extending large surfaces, of which at least one surface bears against a lateral surface of the pipe to be insulated.
- the insulating element bent according to the pipeline has projections which serve as spacers and facilitate the insertion of the pipe shell into a casing stone.
- the insulating element consists of a mineral fiber body with a preferably perpendicular to large-sen surfaces aligned course of mineral fibers and arranged at least on a surface coating, the adhesive bond between the mineral fiber molding and a construction adhesive, in particular an adhesive mortar and / or applied to the mineral fiber body plaster enlarge.
- the coating consists of an impregnation and a pressure-resistant layer with high affinity to hydraulically setting building adhesives.
- the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an insulating element and a composite thermal insulation in which the use of insulation holders in the area of higher building surfaces is not required, the insulation element should also be inexpensive to produce, so that even the thermal insulation system in economic Way to create.
- an insulating element according to the invention that at least on the contact zone associated large surface in at least one major axis direction extending aligned bead-like projections are arranged at regular intervals to each other, which have a substantially circular arc section-shaped cross-section.
- a thermal insulation composite system according to the invention is provided to solve the task that the insulating element faces away from the contact zone arranged large surface rests on a building surface to be insulated and connected thereto via an adhesive and that the outer, the contact zone having large surface formed with a cover is.
- the insulating element according to the invention makes the use of Dämmstoffhaltem for fixing coated insulation layers, for example, in thermal insulation systems in conventional multi-storey buildings superfluous, since the insulation element according to the invention has significantly improved strength values and in particular inexpensive to already existing production facilities can be produced.
- the connection of the insulating element according to the invention with the plaster and / or the adhesive is substantially improved, so that also achieved here an improvement in the stability of a trained with the insulating elements according to the invention thermal insulation composite system becomes.
- the projections according to the invention in this case improve the adhesion of the adhesive to the hydrophobic insulating element, as far as the projections are arranged on the large surface, which faces in the installation position of the insulating element of a building surface. If the insulating element is oriented away from the building surface with the large surface having the projections in the installation position, the projections also have the effect of improving the adhesion with the plaster.
- the mineral fibers are arranged extending in two contact zones in the region of both large surfaces parallel to the large surfaces and that bead-like projections are arranged on both large surfaces.
- the core region consists of a plurality of meandering arranged and preferably compressed in the longitudinal direction of the core region loops of a primary web, wherein the loops of the primary web are interconnected via deflection regions which are arranged in at least one contact zone.
- the contact zones also offer an advantageous elasticity due to the orientation of the mineral fibers parallel to the large surfaces, so that unevennesses in the area of a building surface to be insulated can be compensated.
- the insulating element form with a different transverse tensile strength in the area below the two major surfaces. It is preferably provided that a region under a large surface has a transverse tensile strength of> 30 kPa, preferably> 60 kPa, and a region under the opposite large surface has a transverse tensile strength> 5 kPa.
- the insulating element meets in this embodiment, the requirement of adhesive strength in installation position, the large surface with the higher transverse tensile strength of a building surface to be insulated is assigned, since in this area larger forces, such as weight of the insulating element and the plaster and wind suction occur and ablate in the building surface are, while the plaster facing large surface of the insulating element only the weight of the plaster and the wind suction as forces in the thermal insulation composite system has to be removed, so that in this large surface a lower transverse tensile strength is sufficient.
- the manufacturing cost of the insulating elements can be significantly reduced.
- the areas directly adjoin the large surfaces in order to be able to provide the maximum transverse tensile strength.
- At least one large surface is formed with an adhesion-promoting coating, which is arranged according to a development on the large surface, to which the mineral fibers have a rectangular course.
- the adhesion-promoting coating may be arranged over part of the area on the large surface.
- the manufacturing costs can be lowered in the course of a material saving and the processor at the same time the correct arrangement, for example, an adhesive can be displayed on the large surface of the insulating element.
- An adhesion-promoting coating has proven to be advantageous from a plastic film having a high affinity for a construction adhesive, in particular a mortar and / or an adhesive mortar.
- An above-described insulating element can be separated, for example, from an endless insulation web of mineral fibers.
- the continuous insulation web having a core region and one or two contact zones may be symmetrical or asymmetrical with respect to a longitudinal center plane.
- the insulating material is characterized essentially by the fact that the individual mineral fibers are arranged over the cross section of the insulating material significantly different from the two large surfaces. Both large surfaces have projections that form in the curing oven in the fixation of the insulation web. For this purpose, the large surfaces are compressed in sectionbrugs between the projections and kept compressed during the curing of the binder.
- the mineral fibers In both surfaces and the projections, the mineral fibers have a course that is substantially parallel to the large surfaces. This pronounced laminar alignment of the mineral fibers to the large surfaces extends into the contact zones below the two large surfaces. Without sharp transitions close including vertical compression zones, in which the mineral fibers are aligned flat to flat inclined to the large surfaces as a result of a predominantly directed perpendicular to the conveying direction of the insulating material compression. At the same time in the direction of compression aligned compression form lamellar folded and mostly flat lying to the large surfaces portion of the insulation sheet.
- the individual mineral fibers are predominantly oriented steeply to at right angles to the large surfaces.
- the transitions from the core region to the compression zones are characterized by a substantially uniform change in the slopes of the majority of the mineral fibers.
- the insulating material web has a stringing together of a plurality of arcuate or loop-like elements which are flattened by forces acting at right angles to the conveying direction, wherein a portion of Mineralfasem is pressed into the gusset between the arcuate or loop-like elements.
- thermal insulation composite system can be produced in which the insulating elements have a large surface or underlying contact zone with transverse tensile strengths of> about 30 kPa, preferably> about 60 kPa, while the opposite large surface and the contact zone adjacent thereto at least one transverse tensile strength of> 5 kPa.
- the transverse tensile strength of a large surface is thus sufficiently high to stick the insulation board without additional anchorages on a building surface to be insulated.
- the transverse tensile strength of the second, in the external thermal insulation composite system large surface is sufficient in contrast to be able to hold plasters, mortar, fillers or paint coatings.
- the large surface facing the building surface is designed as a cut surface to which the mineral fibers are aligned at right angles.
- high transverse tensile strengths can be achieved by aligning the mineral fibers relative to the large surface in a simple and manufacturally cost-effective manner.
- connection between the adhesive and / or plaster with the insulating element is achieved in that the cut surface has an adhesion-promoting coating, which is preferably applied over the entire surface.
- the cover is designed as a preferably reinforced cleaning system.
- the insulating element in the contact zone for a Area of the cut surface has different transverse tensile strength.
- a transverse tensile strength of> 30 kPa, preferably> 60 kPa and in the contact zone a transverse tensile strength of> 5 kPa has proven sufficient and advantageous in the sectional area.
- thermal insulation composite system results from the fact that the cover is reinforced with a fiberglass Gittergelege.
- a plurality of insulating panels are arranged and secured in association on the building surface to be insulated.
- an insulating element 1 is shown in longitudinal section.
- the insulating element 1 consists of Mineralfasem 2, which are bound with binders.
- the large surfaces 3, 4 are spaced and provided parallel to each other.
- the large surfaces 3, 4 define outwardly contact zones 5, 6, in which the mineral fibers 2 are aligned substantially parallel to the large surfaces 3, 4.
- compression zones 7, 8, which are characterized by a substantially uniform change in the inclinations of the main portion of the mineral fibers 2.
- a core region 9 is arranged between the compression zones 7, 8, in which the mineral fibers 2 are arranged to extend predominantly steeply to at right angles to the large surfaces 3, 4.
- the insulating element 1 has bead-like projections 10, which are arranged at regular intervals from one another and have a substantially semicircular cross-section.
- the projections 10 are aligned at right angles to the longitudinal extension of the insulating element 1, therefore perpendicular to the production or conveying direction of the insulating element 1 in the manufacturing process.
- the mineral fibers 2 run parallel to the large surfaces 3, 4.
- the insulating element 1 consists of a plurality of meandering arranged and compressed in the longitudinal direction of the core portion 9 loops 11 of a primary web.
- the loops 11 of the primary web are connected to one another via deflection regions, which are arranged in the region of the swage zones 7, 8 or the contact zones 5, 6 or form the swage zones 7, 8.
- the loops 11 can be seen, wherein the figures 3 and 4 show sections of an insulating element 1, which is not yet provided with projections 10. These projections 10 are formed in a hardening furnace, not shown by lying on the large surfaces 3, 4 conveying elements, which compresses the insulating element in a direction perpendicular to the large surfaces 3, 4 in some areas and compressed to harden the binder contained.
- a center plane 12 is shown in phantom in FIG. 3, along which the insulating element 1 can be separated parallel to the large surfaces 3, 4 into two insulating elements 1.1 or 1.2 according to FIG.
- a separation of the insulating element 1 in the insulating elements 1.1 and 1.2 is also possible off-center, as indicated for example by an arrow 13 in Figure 3.
- FIG. 3 shows schematically a cutting tool 14 which removes subregions of the swaging zones 7, 8 in order to form smooth large surfaces 3, 4.
- the insulating elements 1.1 and 1.2 have in addition to a cutting surface 15 an adhesion-promoting coating 16, for example consists of a plastic film with a high affinity for a construction adhesive, in particular a mortar and / or an adhesive mortar.
- the coating 16 is arranged over the full area on the cut surfaces 15, wherein the course of the mineral fibers 2 in the region of the cut surfaces 15 is aligned at right angles to the cut surfaces 15.
- the insulating elements 1.1 and 1.2 according to Figure 4 are characterized in that the large surface 3 or 4 has a lower transverse tensile strength of 10 kPa compared to the sectional area 15, while the transverse tensile strength of the insulating element 1.1 or 1.2 in the area of the cut surface 15 at 65 kPa is located.
- the thermal insulation composite system 17 consists of insulating elements 1.2 according to Figure 4, which are fixed with a point or line on the coating 16 applied adhesive 18 on a building surface to be insulated 19, such as a wall 20.
- the insulating element 1.2 is in this case aligned with its cutting surface 15 to the building surface 19 out, so that the coating 16 is in communication with the adhesive 18.
- the insulating element 1.2 on the above-described high transverse tensile strength, so that the forces occurring here, namely the weight of the insulating element 1.2 including an externally arranged plaster 21 and wind suction forces can be removed.
- the plaster 21 is formed in two layers and has a base coat 22 and a top coat 23, which are formed in particular of a material which approximately coincides with the material of the adhesive 18.
- a reinforcement 24 is inserted in the form of a mesh fabric to increase the strength of the plaster 21.
- the plaster 21 is arranged on the large surface 4 of the insulating element 1.2 in the region of the contact zone 6 and fills the areas between the projections 10. By the projections 10, an improved connection between the plaster 21 and the large surface 4 of the insulating element 1.2 is formed.
- FIG. 5 shows an insulation web 25, which is formed from loops 11 of a primary nonwoven and is conveyed in the direction of an arrow 26.
- the large surfaces 3, 4 with the upsetting zones 7, 8 and contact zones 5, 6 arranged there are machined with cutting tools 14, which are aligned parallel to the longitudinal extent and conveying direction according to arrow 26 of the insulating material web 25.
- insulating material elements 1. 1 or 1. 2 according to FIG. 4 can be produced from insulating material web 25 according to FIG. 5 or insulating material web 25 can have a total exclusively rectangular course of mineral fibers 2 to large surfaces 3, 4.
- the insulating element 1.1 or 1.2 according to Figure 4 is thus characterized characterized in that the contact zone 5, 6 has been removed in the region of the large surfaces up to the compression zone 7, 8 and that the cut surface 15 to achieve a high transverse tensile strength in the core region 9 of the insulating element 1 is formed according to FIG.
- the cut surface 15 is covered over its entire area with an adhesion-promoting coating 16, which impregnates the cut surface 15 with an adhesion-promoting plastic film.
- the outer large surface 3, 4 can be coated or impregnated in the same way as the cutting surface 15.
- the contact zone 5, 6 can be left in the original shape and position.
- the insulation elements 1.1 and 1.2 may be formed as insulation boards and are manufactured in many different dimensions depending on the width of the production facilities, so that, for example, on the geometries of the building surfaces to be insulated 19, for example, by windows structured facades, coordinated formats or Blanks of the insulating elements 1.1 and 1.2 can be produced.
- large-size insulation boards decreases in a thermal insulation system 17, the number of joints between the insulation boards and thus their possible thermal bridge effect.
- the effectiveness of an insulation layer in the thermal insulation composite system 17 is increased.
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Claims (19)
- Elément en matériau isolant avec des fibres minérales liées à un liant, en particulier en laine minérale et/ou laine de verre, avec deux grandes surfaces qui sont placées espacées et parallèles l'une à l'autre et avec quatre surfaces latérales qui sont orientées à angle droit l'une par rapport à l'autre et par rapport aux grandes surfaces, les fibres minérales étant orientées substantiellement parallèlement à la grande surface dans la zone d'au moins une zone de contact qui se rattache directement à une grande surface et une zone de noyau étant placée entre les grandes surfaces au voisinage de la zone de contact, zone de noyau dans laquelle des fibres minérales sont placées substantiellement à angle droit et/ou obliquement par rapport aux grandes surfaces,
caractérisé en ce
que des saillies de type bourrelet (10) sont placées à intervalles réguliers l'une par rapport à l'autre au moins sur la grande surface (3, 4) qui est assignée à la zone de contact (5, 6) dans au moins un sens d'axe principal, saillies qui présentent une section substantiellement en forme de section d'arc de cercle et qui sont constituées par des fibres minérales liées à des liants. - Elément en matériau isolant selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce
que les fibres minérales (2) sont placées dans deux zones de contact (5, 6) dans la zone des deux grandes surfaces (3, 4) parallèlement aux grandes surfaces (3, 4) et que des saillies de type bourrelet (10) sont placées sur les deux grandes surfaces (3, 4). - Elément en matériau isolant selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce
que la zone de noyau (9) est constituée par une multitude de boucles (11) d'un intissé primaire placées en formant des méandres et comprimées de préférence dans le sens longitudinal de la zone de noyau (9), les boucles (11) de l'intissé primaire étant reliées l'une à l'autre par des zones de retournement qui sont placées dans au moins une zone de contact (5, 6). - Elément en matériau isolant selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par
une résistance à la traction transversale différente dans la zone au-dessous des deux grandes surfaces (3, 4). - Elément en matériau isolant selon la revendication 4,
caractérisé en ce
qu'une zone sous une grande surface (3, 4, 15) présente une résistance à la traction transversale de >30 kPa, de préférence >60 kPa et une zone sous la grande surface opposée (3, 4) une résistance à la traction transversale > 5 kPa. - Elément en matériau isolan selon la revendication 5,
caractérisé en ce
que les zones sont directement adjacentes aux grandes surfaces (3, 4, 15). - Elément en matériau isolant selon la revendication 4,
caractérisé en ce
que les fibres minérales (2) sont orientées dans la zone avec la résistance à la traction transversale de > 30 kPa approximativement exclusivement à angle droit par rapport à la grande surface (15). - Elément en matériau isolant selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce
qu'au moins une grande surface (3, 4, 15) est configurée avec une enduction adhésive (16). - Elément en matériau isolant selon la revendication 8,
caractérisé en ce
que l'enduction adhésive (16) est placée sur la grande surface (15) avec laquelle les fibres minérales sont à angle droit. - Elément en matériau isolant selon la revendication 8,
caractérisé en ce
que l'enduction adhésive (16) est placée partiellement en surface sur la grande surface (3, 4, 15). - Elément en matériau isolant selon la revendication 8,
caractérisé en ce
que l'enduction adhésive (16) est constituée par un film en matière synthétique avec une grande affinité avec une colle du bâtiment, en particulier un mortier et/ou un mortier collant. - Système composite d'isolation thermique avec au moins un élément en matériau isolant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11,
caractérisé en ce
que l'élément en matériau isolant (1, 1.1, 1.2) repose avec sa grande surface (15) placée détournée de la zone de contact (5, 6) sur une face du bâtiment à isoler (19) et est relié à celle-ci par une colle (18) et que la grande surface (3, 4) située à l'extérieur qui présente la zone de contact (5, 6) est configurée avec un recouvrement. - Système selon la revendication 12,
caractérisé en ce
que la grande surface tournée vers la surface du bâtiment (19) est configurée comme une surface de coupe (15) par rapport à laquelle les fibres minérales (2) sont à angle droit. - Système selon la revendication 13,
caractérisé en ce
que le surface de coupe (15) présente une enduction adhésive (16) qui est appliquée de préférence sur toute la surface. - Système selon la revendication 12,
caractérisé en ce
que le recouvrement est configuré comme un système de crépi (21) de préférence armé. - Système selon la revendication 12,
caractérisé en ce
que l'élément en matériau isolant (1,1.1, 1.2) présente, dans la zone de la zone de contact (5, 6), une résistance à la traction transversale différente par rapport à la zone de la surface de coupe (15). - Système selon la revendication 16,
caractérisé en ce
que la surface de coupe (15) présente une résistance à la traction transversale de > 30 kPa, de préférence de > 60 kPa et la zone de contact (5, 6) une résistance à la traction transversale de > 5 kPa. - Système selon la revendication 15,
caractérisé en ce
que le recouvrement est armé avec une armature (24), par exemple une natte en treillis de fibres de verre. - Système selon la revendication 12,
caractérisé en ce
que plusieurs éléments en matériau isolant (1, 1.1, 1.2), configurés comme des plaques de matériau isolant, sont placés et fixés en assemblage sur la surface de bâtiment à isoler (19).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PL05001495T PL1559844T3 (pl) | 2004-01-31 | 2005-01-26 | Element izolacyjny i warstwowy układ termoizolacyjny |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102004004954 | 2004-01-31 | ||
DE102004004954 | 2004-01-31 | ||
DE102004012359 | 2004-03-13 | ||
DE102004012359 | 2004-03-13 | ||
DE102005003801 | 2005-01-26 | ||
DE102005003801A DE102005003801B4 (de) | 2004-01-31 | 2005-01-26 | Dämmstoffelement und Wärmedämmverbundsystem |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1559844A1 EP1559844A1 (fr) | 2005-08-03 |
EP1559844B1 true EP1559844B1 (fr) | 2007-06-20 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP05001495A Revoked EP1559844B1 (fr) | 2004-01-31 | 2005-01-26 | Element d' isolation et système composite d' isolation thermique |
Country Status (7)
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EP (1) | EP1559844B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE365252T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE102005003801B4 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK1559844T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2288706T3 (fr) |
HR (1) | HRP20070381T3 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL1559844T3 (fr) |
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DE102008036590A1 (de) * | 2008-08-06 | 2010-02-11 | Deutsche Amphibolin-Werke Von Robert Murjahn Stiftung & Co. Kg | Gebäudewandbekleidung mit Bekleidungsplatten |
DE102010011386A1 (de) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-15 | Sandler Ag | Isolationsmaterial |
FI126566B (fi) * | 2014-11-27 | 2017-02-15 | Paroc Group Oy | Mineraalivillaa oleva ohut eristyslevy kattorakenteita varten ja menetelmä eristyslevyn valmistamiseksi |
EP4453339A1 (fr) | 2023-01-11 | 2024-10-30 | Saint-Gobain Isover | Élément isolant et son procédé de fabrication |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3701592A1 (de) * | 1987-01-21 | 1988-08-04 | Rockwool Mineralwolle | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung einer faserdaemmstoffbahn und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
EP0741827B2 (fr) * | 1994-01-28 | 2011-03-02 | Rockwool International A/S | Procédé de production de bande en fibre minérale |
WO1997029253A1 (fr) * | 1996-02-07 | 1997-08-14 | Peter Kellner | Panneau realise dans un materiau isolant |
DE19906734C1 (de) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-07-27 | Rockwool Mineralwolle | Dämmstoffelement und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Dämmstoffelementes |
DE19908673A1 (de) * | 1999-02-26 | 2000-09-07 | Rockwool Mineralwolle | Rohrschale |
DE19958973C2 (de) * | 1999-12-08 | 2002-08-14 | Rockwool Mineralwolle | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Faserdämmstoffbahn |
CZ300619B6 (cs) * | 2000-05-08 | 2009-07-01 | Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Izolacní prvek z minerální vlny a zpusob jeho výroby |
DE10054951A1 (de) * | 2000-11-06 | 2002-05-29 | Rockwool Mineralwolle | Dämmstoffelement |
DE10230648B4 (de) * | 2001-08-23 | 2004-08-12 | Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh + Co Ohg | Palette zum Transport von Plattenstapeln und Transport-und/oder Verpackungseinheit |
EP1321595A3 (fr) * | 2001-12-22 | 2004-04-21 | Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH & Co. OHG | Procédé d'isolation thermique et/ou phonique d'un mur de construction et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé |
-
2005
- 2005-01-26 DE DE102005003801A patent/DE102005003801B4/de not_active Revoked
- 2005-01-26 AT AT05001495T patent/ATE365252T1/de active
- 2005-01-26 DE DE502005000880T patent/DE502005000880D1/de active Active
- 2005-01-26 DK DK05001495T patent/DK1559844T3/da active
- 2005-01-26 EP EP05001495A patent/EP1559844B1/fr not_active Revoked
- 2005-01-26 ES ES05001495T patent/ES2288706T3/es active Active
- 2005-01-26 PL PL05001495T patent/PL1559844T3/pl unknown
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2007
- 2007-09-05 HR HR20070381T patent/HRP20070381T3/xx unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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DK1559844T3 (da) | 2007-10-29 |
DE102005003801A1 (de) | 2005-10-06 |
DE102005003801B4 (de) | 2008-10-09 |
HRP20070381T3 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
EP1559844A1 (fr) | 2005-08-03 |
ATE365252T1 (de) | 2007-07-15 |
DE502005000880D1 (de) | 2007-08-02 |
PL1559844T3 (pl) | 2007-11-30 |
ES2288706T3 (es) | 2008-01-16 |
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