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EP1321276B1 - Injection moulding machine with hydraulic accumulator - Google Patents

Injection moulding machine with hydraulic accumulator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1321276B1
EP1321276B1 EP02028562A EP02028562A EP1321276B1 EP 1321276 B1 EP1321276 B1 EP 1321276B1 EP 02028562 A EP02028562 A EP 02028562A EP 02028562 A EP02028562 A EP 02028562A EP 1321276 B1 EP1321276 B1 EP 1321276B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
hydraulic
operating parameter
moulding machine
injection moulding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02028562A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1321276A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Birkhofer
Heinz Bold
Ulf Kampschulze
Michael Johannes Schneider
Arno Stoehr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ferromatik Milacron Maschinenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Ferromatik Milacron Maschinenbau GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority claimed from DE10208589A external-priority patent/DE10208589C2/en
Application filed by Ferromatik Milacron Maschinenbau GmbH filed Critical Ferromatik Milacron Maschinenbau GmbH
Publication of EP1321276A1 publication Critical patent/EP1321276A1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C45/82Hydraulic or pneumatic circuits
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D16/00Control of fluid pressure
    • G05D16/20Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D16/2006Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means
    • G05D16/2066Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using controlling means acting on the pressure source
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C45/82Hydraulic or pneumatic circuits
    • B29C2045/824Accumulators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76003Measured parameter
    • B29C2945/76006Pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76003Measured parameter
    • B29C2945/76013Force
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76003Measured parameter
    • B29C2945/76083Position
    • B29C2945/76096Distance
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76003Measured parameter
    • B29C2945/7611Velocity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76177Location of measurement
    • B29C2945/7618Injection unit
    • B29C2945/762Injection unit injection piston
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76177Location of measurement
    • B29C2945/76224Closure or clamping unit
    • B29C2945/7623Closure or clamping unit clamping or closing drive means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76177Location of measurement
    • B29C2945/76254Mould
    • B29C2945/76257Mould cavity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76177Location of measurement
    • B29C2945/76254Mould
    • B29C2945/76274Mould runners, nozzles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76494Controlled parameter
    • B29C2945/76498Pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76494Controlled parameter
    • B29C2945/76595Velocity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76655Location of control
    • B29C2945/76775Fluids
    • B29C2945/76785Fluids hydraulic fluids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76929Controlling method
    • B29C2945/76939Using stored or historical data sets
    • B29C2945/76943Using stored or historical data sets compare with thresholds

Definitions

  • Hydraulic systems with hydraulic accumulator as they are particularly suitable for use in conjunction with high-performance injection molding machines, usually come with a single hydraulic pump; the hydraulic fluid accumulated in the hydraulic accumulator by means of the hydraulic pump, the stored energy of which enables, for example, particularly rapid closing movements and / or spraying movements and thus particularly short cycles, is directed to the individual consumers via valves controlled by a control unit, possibly also in parallel.
  • hydraulic systems without hydraulic accumulator - if only one hydraulic pump is provided - the individual consumers often fed serially in succession, which can lead to undesirably long cycles.
  • injection molding machines without hydraulic accumulators also provide a plurality of hydraulic pumps, each of which feeds individual hydraulic consumers assigned to them and which are matched with regard to their performance data to the specific consumers. In this case, several hydraulic consumers can easily be operated in parallel; However, such injection molding machines with multiple hydraulic pumps are technically complicated and expensive.
  • Injection molding machines of the type specified ie with hydraulic accumulator, are widely used within the plastics processing industry.
  • the company publication "The K-TEC Series - With Closing Forces of 400 kN to 4500 kN" by Ferromatik Milacron Maschinenbau GmbH, D-79364 Malterdingen refers to such injection molding machines.
  • About the hydraulic accumulator is within a spray cycle (in particular for closing the mold, injecting the melt, pressing, opening the mold and Ejecting the molding) significantly fluctuating demand of at least one hydraulic consumer buffered.
  • the hydraulic pump thus does not need to be designed with respect to its capacity to the maximum demand for hydraulic fluid; Rather, in a more or less continuously operated hydraulic pump, an essentially oriented to the average demand for hydraulic fluid interpretation, wherein the hydraulic accumulator is loaded within a spray cycle in phases of low demand for hydraulic fluid and in phases of high demand for hydraulic fluid, the at least one hydraulic consumer fed.
  • the hydraulic pump feeding hydraulic pump is controlled in neutral circulation when the pressure in the hydraulic accumulator reaches a maximum value.
  • the concrete profile for the demand for hydraulic fluid within an injection cycle depends on the individual injection molding process. In particular, depending on the type of injection molding different amounts of hydraulic fluid for closing the mold, that injection of the melt, that requires opening of the mold, the core pulling and the ejection of the molding. If, for the injection molding process in question, the average demand for hydraulic fluid is below the design point of the delivery rate of the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic accumulator is intermittently charged, in the case of a continuous or discontinuous hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump for charging the hydraulic accumulator at one of a pressure sensor, as stated at the outset determined lower pressure limit (eg 180 bar) in the hydraulic system and switchable at a from the Pressure sensor determined upper pressure limit (eg 195 bar) can be switched off.
  • a pressure sensor as stated at the outset determined lower pressure limit (eg 180 bar) in the hydraulic system and switchable at a from the Pressure sensor determined upper pressure limit (eg 195 bar) can be switched off.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an injection molding machine of the type described, which is characterized by a high energy efficiency and at a relatively low technical and procedural complexity and a relatively high tolerance to fluctuating operating parameters characterized by low wear.
  • an injection molding machine of the generic type in that the injection molding machine has at least one designed as a pressure transducer, as a force transducer or as Wegmeßsystem Radiometeraufêt, which is in communication with the control unit and during at least one measurement cycle 'measured values to the at least reports a monitored operating parameter to the control unit, wherein the control unit sets at least one of the two pressure limit values as a function of the measured values recorded by the at least one operating parameter sensor.
  • the injection molding machine according to the invention is thus based on the proven, robust and tolerant of fluctuations in operating parameters concept that the loading of the hydraulic accumulator directly in dependence is controlled by the in the hydraulic system, for example in the hydraulic accumulator itself prevailing pressure, in particular by the control unit for charging the hydraulic accumulator, the hydraulic pump on reaching a lower pressure limit switches on and off upon reaching an upper pressure limit.
  • the two pressure limits are not fixed; Rather, at least one of the two pressure limit values is set individually by the control unit for the specific injection cycle as a function of measured values of at least one operating parameter which are determined by an operating parameter recorder during at least one measuring cycle and processed in the control unit.
  • Both pressure limit values ie both the lower pressure limit relevant for starting the charging of the hydraulic accumulator and the upper limit for the end of charging of the hydraulic accumulator, are determined individually for the specific injection cycle as a function of measured values of at least one operating parameter during at least one measuring cycle be determined by a Radiometerauf commentary and processed in the control unit.
  • the injection molding machine according to the invention thus adapts, without the basic concept is abandoned, the loading of the hydraulic accumulator automatically to the individual, relevant for the respective injection molding injection cycle, so that in particular an unfavorable under energetic aspects and wear-promoting loading of the hydraulic accumulator over that for the relevant Spray cycle required pressure is avoided.
  • the storage volume of the at least one hydraulic accumulator is variable independently of the two pressure limit values, wherein the control unit determines the effective size of the storage volume as a function of the measured values detected by the at least one operating parameter receiver.
  • a particularly preferred possibility of being able to vary the storage volume of the at least one hydraulic accumulator independently of the pressure conditions lies in a variation of the pre-charge pressure of the at least one hydraulic accumulator. This will be explained in more detail below.
  • the at least one variable pressure limit value measured values for a wide variety of operating parameters can be evaluated using corresponding suitable operating parameter sensors known as such.
  • Priority come as Radioparameteraufumble pressure sensor, load cell and position measuring systems are used; However, for example, speed sensors and other position detection means may also be considered as operating parameter sensors as distance measuring systems.
  • the at least one operating parameter sensor is designed as a pressure sensor, it can monitor, in particular as an operating parameter, the pressure in the tool, in the runner or in the injection cylinder and / or the pressure in the lock cylinder. If, on the other hand, the at least one operating parameter sensor is designed as a force transducer, it can monitor the closing force of the clamping unit as the operating parameter.
  • the at least one operating parameter sensor is designed as a position measuring system, then it can monitor in particular the feed of the injection screw and / or the closing path of the closing unit as the operating parameter. Regardless of which type of operating parameter pickup is now and which operating parameter is concretely monitored with it, in each case the measured value is compared with a setpoint value stored in the control unit for the relevant operating parameter. differs the measured value by an intolerable measure of the stored setpoint, the control unit automatically adapts the at least one variable pressure limit in the sense of reducing the deviation of the actual value of the monitored operating parameter from the corresponding setpoint. For example, if the monitored by means of a pressure transducer actual pressure in the lock cylinder remains behind the stored in the control unit setpoint, the upper, relevant for terminating the loading of the hydraulic accumulator pressure limit be raised automatically by the control unit.
  • the setpoint does not necessarily have to refer to the maximum closing pressure. Rather, it is also possible to monitor a reference pressure (operating parameter) lying before the maximum closing pressure is reached. This is especially true for such injection molding machines according to the invention, in which only a portion of the hydraulic fluid required for the construction of the maximum closing pressure comes from the hydraulic accumulator, the remaining part, however, directly from the hydraulic pump or a pressure booster. In this case, for example, the pressure which arises solely from the feeding of the closing unit from the hydraulic accumulator could be used as the reference pressure.
  • the at least one measuring cycle can in the context of the present invention include both an empty cycle without injection and a working cycle Be injection. Also, a combination of both options is considered by basic settings for the relevant relevant for the specific injection molding injection cycle are determined in the context of an empty cycle and in the operation of the injection molding machine compliance with the specified operating parameters is monitored continuously and, if necessary, the settings made are tracked.
  • the injection molding machine has a memory unit for storing the at least one variable, for the specific spray program set by the control unit pressure limit and, if necessary, the effective storage volume on a data storage.
  • the corresponding specific for the individual injection molding data can be easily stored in this way in a conversion of the injection molding of an injection molding process to another injection molding process in the control unit. This makes it unnecessary to repeat an idle cycle for determining the setpoint values for the at least one monitored operating parameter and thus contributes to short set-up times.
  • the present invention is equally applicable to such injection molding machines which have a single, cohesive hydraulic system, as well as to those injection molding machines in which the hydraulic system comprises a plurality of demarcated subsystems, each associated with one or more functions and at least one each Include hydraulic accumulator has. Nor does it play for the technical implementation of the present invention, a role, whether the at least one hydraulic consumer acted solely on the hydraulic accumulator or, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, by means of a valve via a direct connection of the hydraulic pump can be acted upon.
  • Yet another preferred development of the injection molding machine according to the invention is characterized by a mode switch, by means of which the pressure limit values defined by the control unit can be replaced by other pressure limit values.
  • a mode switch by means of which the pressure limit values defined by the control unit can be replaced by other pressure limit values. This proves, for example, as low in such injection molding machines, which are regularly switched to a standby mode; in that case, by operating the mode switch, the pressure limits established by the operating mode control unit can be temporarily replaced by reduced pressure limits for standby mode, which is advantageous both in terms of energy consumption of the injection molding machine and material conservation.
  • the illustrated in Fig. 1 injection molding machine comprises a fixed platen 1 and a movable platen 2, which together define the tool installation space 3.
  • a closing unit 4 On the movable platen 2 acts a closing unit 4. This is carried out in two stages, comprising separate hydraulic cylinders for the express drive on the one hand and the power drive on the other. In this sense acts on the movable platen 2 of the force closing causing lock cylinder 5, which is supported on an end plate 6.
  • On the end plate 6 in turn act on the rapid feed driving cylinder 7, the pistons are arranged on tie rods 8, which are fixedly connected to the fixed platen 1 and on which the movable platen 2 and the end plate 6 are guided.
  • the drive of the worm 12 is a hydraulic motor 13, which is mounted on a motor carrier 14.
  • About injection cylinder 15 is the engine mount 14 with the worm cylinder receptacle 9 in connection.
  • the hydraulic system of the injection molding machine according to FIG. 1 comprises a hydraulic pump 16, which is driven by a motor 17.
  • the hydraulic pump 16 delivers hydraulic fluid from the tank 18 via a check valve 19 into the high-pressure line 20.
  • the low-pressure line 21 is opened via the return line 22 to the tank 18.
  • the high-pressure line 20 communicates with a hydraulic accumulator 23. Furthermore, a pressure sensor 24 is connected to the high-pressure line 20. This is connected via a signal line 25 to a control unit 26 in connection. Depending on the prevailing in the high-pressure line 20, buffered via the pressure accumulator 23 pressure, the control unit 26 switches the hydraulic pump 16 such that the hydraulic pump 16 when falling below a lower pressure limit in the high-pressure line 20 for charging the pressure accumulator 23 is switched on and Reaching or exceeding an upper pressure limit in the high-pressure line 20 is switched off, d. H. is switched to zero promotion at further running drive motor 17.
  • the hydraulic accumulator 23 with the high pressure line 20 connecting line can - without this being illustrated in the drawing - be provided a valve which is controllable by the control unit.
  • the line in question can be locked to selectively block the loading of the hydraulic accumulator 23 in certain operating conditions, for example, at a comparatively low pressure level in the hydraulic accumulator the hydraulic consumer to apply directly at high pressure with the entire flow rate of the hydraulic pump 16.
  • the injection molding machine according to Fig. 1 thus comprises a total of five functionally different hydraulic consumers, which are each acted upon in accordance with the respective injection molding process via a control unit - not shown - control valve 27 with hydraulic fluid from the high-pressure line 20.
  • the injection molding machine according to FIG. 1 corresponds to the well-known state of the art, so that further explanations are not required.
  • the injection molding machine according to the present invention further comprises an operating parameter receiver 28, which in the case of the illustrated embodiment is designed as a displacement transducer 29, which is arranged between the stationary mold clamping plate 1 and the end plate 6. Via a signal line 30, the displacement sensor 29 is connected to the control unit 26.
  • the control unit 26 is enabled, in the context of the control of the hydraulic pump 16 in addition to the pressure signal provided by the pressure sensor 24 regarding the pressure in the high-pressure line 20 and the monitored by the Radioparameteraufillon 28 operating parameters, in this case determined by the transducer 29 Position of the movable plate 2 relative to the fixed platen 1, to be considered.
  • the processing of the signals of the pressure sensor 24 on the one hand and the transducer 29 on the other hand can be done in particular such that the pressure sensor on the Detected end of the closing movement of the movable plate 2 in the high pressure line 20 prevailing pressure, wherein that end of the closing movement of the movable plate 2 is detected by the transducer 29.
  • the existing at that operating pressure in the high pressure line 20 is compared with a stored in the control unit 26 reference pressure. If the actual pressure exceeds the reference pressure, the upper pressure limit is automatically corrected downwards. If, however, the actual pressure falls short of the reference pressure, the upper pressure limit is raised accordingly.
  • other or further operating parameter sensors may be provided which are correspondingly in communication with the control unit 26 and the measured values of the respectively monitored operating parameter for processing within the determination of the respectively most favorable upper and / or lower pressure limit value provide.
  • the upper and / or the lower pressure limit value are automatically determined by a routine implemented in the control unit, taking into account the measured value / measured values provided by the respective operating parameter recorder (s) with respect to FIG optimized injection molding process. Due to the principle comparable operation of corresponding alternatives with the embodiment described above can be dispensed with a detailed explanation.
  • control unit 26 is a mode switch 31 in connection.
  • the operating mode of the injection molding machine can be changed, for example, by the controller is switched by a simple push of a button corresponding to the operating mode first operating mode in a standby mode corresponding second operating mode, in which - with continued readiness of the injection molding machine - the upper and the lower pressure limit is reduced.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a device for changing the effective storage volume of the at least one hydraulic accumulator 23 by Vorhelldruckvariation regardless of the pressure ratios, as it is particularly preferably used in conjunction with an injection molding machine of the type shown in Fig. 1.
  • a high pressure line 20 is fed via a check valve 19 by a hydraulic pump 16.
  • a hydraulic accumulator 23 is connected to the high pressure line 20.
  • This is designed as a bladder accumulator with a disposed within the housing 32 storage bladder 33.
  • the space between the reservoir bladder 33 and the housing 32 serves as a compensation chamber for the accumulated hydraulic fluid, while the bladder 33 itself is filled with a gas.
  • the biasing pressure of the compressed gas in the storage bubble 33 can be varied by using the hydraulic pump 16.
  • a compressor cylinder 34 is provided, whose freely movable compressor piston 35 separates a hydraulic working chamber 36 from a gas chamber 37.
  • the hydraulic working chamber 36 can be acted upon by the hydraulic pump 16 funded hydraulic fluid.
  • the gas trapped in the gas space 37 is compressed and, as soon as the pressure prevailing in the reservoir bladder 33 is exceeded, is displaced via the check valve 39 into the reservoir bladder 33.
  • the device of Fig. 2 can be used with particular advantage such that, taking into account the optimum pressure limits determined by the controller 26, the effective size of the storage volume of the hydraulic accumulator 23 will depend on those of the operating parameters receivers determined measured values is determined. For example, if the upper pressure limit lowered while reducing the pressure difference between the lower and upper pressure limit, so can by appropriate adjustment of the effective size of the storage volume in the hydraulic accumulator Accumulated amount of hydraulic fluid can be adjusted regardless of the pressure ratios to the actual needs.
  • the gas pressure in the reservoir bladder 33 is monitored via a pressure sensor 42. That pressure sensor 42 controls the biasing of the reservoir bladder 33 described above or, if appropriate, the lowering of the prestressing pressure of the reservoir bladder by opening the reflux valve 43 in order to adapt the effective size of the reservoir volume to the respective conditions.
  • the pressure sensor 42 controls not only the hydraulic pump 16 but also depending on the various detected operating parameters the 4/2-way switching valve 38 and the return flow 43rd
  • the process represented by a flow chart in FIG. 3 can be used to automatically adapt the pressure level of the hydraulic system to the respective injection cycle by monitoring and evaluating at least one operating parameter characterizing the injection cycle .
  • the decisive operating parameter used in the illustrated case is the injection speed, ie the speed of the injection movement.
  • a setpoint for the injection speed is specified.
  • start values for the upper and lower pressure limit values are entered, with which the process illustrated in FIG. 3 is entered.
  • the actually achieved injection speed is detected; Similarly, the prevailing at the end of the injection movement injection pressure and accumulator pressure are detected.
  • the actually achieved value of the injection speed is compared with the specified setpoint value. If the actual injection speed does not reach the specified setpoint, at least one of the two pressure limits is increased. Whether the lower pressure limit value, the upper pressure limit value or both pressure limit values are increased may result, in particular, as a function of further monitored operating parameters after this has an effect, inter alia, on the effective capacity of the hydraulic accumulator. To simplify the diagram, however, has been dispensed with a representation of the extent to be carried out further query.
  • the injection pressure prevailing at the end of the injection movement is compared with the storage pressure prevailing at that time. Only in the case that the accumulator pressure is less than 10 bar above the injection pressure, there is no change in the two pressure limits compared to the initial values specified at the beginning.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The injection molding machine has at least one receiver (28) for the operating parameters, connected to the control unit (26), and transmits at least one operating parameter value to the control during a measurement cycle. <??>The control determines at least one of the two pressure threshold values from the measured values, to switch on the hydraulic pump (16) when the pressure within the hydraulic store (23) reaches a lower threshold value or drops below it and disconnects the pump when the pressure threshold achieves or breaches an upper threshold value.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Spritzgießmaschine mit einer Schließeinheit und mindestens einer Plastifizier- und Einspritzeinheit, wobei mindestens ein diskontinuierlich betätigbarer hydraulischer Verbraucher vorgesehen ist, mit den folgenden Merkmalen:

  • der mindestens eine hydraulische Verbraucher ist über ein Ventil, das von einer Steuereinheit betätigbar ist, von mindestens einem Hydraulikspeicher beaufschlagbar;
  • der mindestens eine Hydraulikspeicher ist von einer Hydraulikpumpe speisbar;
  • dem mindestens einen Hydraulikspeicher ist ein Drucksensor, der mit der Steuereinheit in Verbindung steht, zugeordnet, wobei die Hydraulikpumpe von der Steuereinheit zugeschaltet wird, wenn der von dem Drucksensor überwachte Druck einen unteren Druckgrenzwert erreicht, und abgeschaltet wird, wenn der von dem Drucksensor überwachte Druck einen oberen Druckgrenzwert erreicht.
The present invention relates to an injection molding machine with a closing unit and at least one plasticizing and injection unit, wherein at least one discontinuously actuable hydraulic consumer is provided, with the following features:
  • the at least one hydraulic consumer is acted upon by at least one hydraulic accumulator via a valve which can be actuated by a control unit;
  • the at least one hydraulic accumulator can be fed by a hydraulic pump;
  • the at least one hydraulic accumulator is associated with a pressure sensor which is in communication with the control unit, the hydraulic pump being switched on by the control unit when the pressure monitored by the pressure sensor reaches a lower pressure limit, and switched off when the pressure monitored by the pressure sensor reached an upper pressure limit.

Bei hydraulischen Spritzgießmaschinen werden innerhalb eines Spritzzyklus verschiedene Funktionen (insbesondere Öffnen und Schließen der Form, Kernziehen, Auswerfen des Spritzlings) durch spezifische hydraulische Verbraucher ausgeführt. Grundsätzlich bestehen dabei zwei Möglichkeiten, die entsprechende Hydraulikanlage auszuführen, nämlich mit Hydraulikspeicher (vgl. z.B. EP 592945 B1 , DE 3431382 A1 , EP 576741 A1 und DE 4218556 A1 ) oder aber ohne Hydraulikspeicher (vgl. z.B. DE 19524395 C1 , EP 649723 B1 , US 6299427 B1 und EP 752304 A1 ). Hydraulikanlagen mit Hydraulikspeicher, wie sie sich insbesondere für den Einsatz in Verbindung mit Hochleistungs-Spritzgießmaschinen eignen, kommen dabei in der Regel mit einer einzigen Hydraulikpumpe aus; das - durch Einspeisung mittels der Hydraulikpumpe - in dem Hydraulikspeicher akkumulierte Hydraulikfluid, dessen gespeicherte Energie beispielsweise besonders rasche Schließbewegungen und/oder Spritzbewegungen und somit besonders kurze Zyklen ermöglicht, wird über von einer Steuereinheit gesteuerte Ventile - gegebenenfalls auch parallel - auf die einzelnen Verbraucher geleitet. Bei Hydraulikanlagen ohne Hydraulikspeicher werden demgegenüber - sofern nur eine Hydraulikpumpe vorgesehen ist - die einzelnen Verbraucher häufig seriell nacheinander gespeist, was zu unerwünscht langen Zyklen führen kann. Bisweilen werden bei Spritzgießmaschinen ohne Hydraulikspeicher auch mehrere Hydraulikpumpen vorgesehen, welche jeweils einzelne ihnen zugeordnete hydraulische Verbraucher speisen und hinsichtlich ihrer Leistungsdaten auf die spezifischen Verbraucher abgestimmt sind. In diesem Falle können mehrere hydraulische Verbraucher problemlos auch parallel betrieben werden; allerdings sind solche Spritzgießmaschinen mit mehreren Hydraulikpumpen technisch aufwendig und teuer.In hydraulic injection molding machines, various functions (in particular opening and closing of the mold, core drawing, ejection of the molded part) are carried out by specific hydraulic consumers within one injection cycle. Basically, there are two ways to perform the corresponding hydraulic system, namely with hydraulic accumulator (see, eg EP 592945 B1 . DE 3431382 A1 . EP 576741 A1 and DE 4218556 A1 ) or without hydraulic accumulator (cf. DE 19524395 C1 . EP 649723 B1 . US 6299427 B1 and EP 752304 A1 ). Hydraulic systems with hydraulic accumulator, as they are particularly suitable for use in conjunction with high-performance injection molding machines, usually come with a single hydraulic pump; the hydraulic fluid accumulated in the hydraulic accumulator by means of the hydraulic pump, the stored energy of which enables, for example, particularly rapid closing movements and / or spraying movements and thus particularly short cycles, is directed to the individual consumers via valves controlled by a control unit, possibly also in parallel. In contrast, hydraulic systems without hydraulic accumulator - if only one hydraulic pump is provided - the individual consumers often fed serially in succession, which can lead to undesirably long cycles. Sometimes injection molding machines without hydraulic accumulators also provide a plurality of hydraulic pumps, each of which feeds individual hydraulic consumers assigned to them and which are matched with regard to their performance data to the specific consumers. In this case, several hydraulic consumers can easily be operated in parallel; However, such injection molding machines with multiple hydraulic pumps are technically complicated and expensive.

Spritzgießmaschinen der eingangs angegebenen Art, d.h. mit Hydraulikspeicher, werden innerhalb der kunststoffverarbeitenden Industrie verbreitet eingesetzt. Auf derartige Spritzgießmaschinen bezieht sich beispielsweise die Firmenschrift "Die K-TEC-Baureihe - mit Schließkräften von 400 kN bis 4500 kN" der Ferromatik Milacron Maschinenbau GmbH, D-79364 Malterdingen. Über den Hydraulikspeicher wird der innerhalb eines Spritzzyklus (insbesondere zum Schließen der Form, Einspritzen der Schmelze, Nachdrücken, Öffnen der Form und Auswerfen des Spritzlings) erheblich schwankende Bedarf des mindestens einen hydraulischen Verbrauchers abgepuffert. Die Hydraulikpumpe braucht somit hinsichtlich ihrer Förderleistung nicht auf den maximalen Bedarf an Hydraulikfluid ausgelegt zu sein; vielmehr reicht bei einer mehr oder weniger kontinuierlich betriebenen Hydraulikpumpe eine im wesentlichen an dem mittleren Bedarf an Hydraulikfluid orientierte Auslegung, wobei der Hydraulikspeicher innerhalb eines Spritzzyklus in Phasen eines geringen Bedarfs an Hydraulikfluid geladen wird und in Phasen eines hohen Bedarfs an Hydraulikfluid den mindestens einen hydraulischen Verbraucher speist. Gemäß der DE 3431382 wird die den Hydraulikspeicher speisende Hydraulikpumpe in Neutralumlauf gesteuert, wenn der Druck in dem Hydraulikspeicher einen Maximalwert erreicht.Injection molding machines of the type specified, ie with hydraulic accumulator, are widely used within the plastics processing industry. For example, the company publication "The K-TEC Series - With Closing Forces of 400 kN to 4500 kN" by Ferromatik Milacron Maschinenbau GmbH, D-79364 Malterdingen, refers to such injection molding machines. About the hydraulic accumulator is within a spray cycle (in particular for closing the mold, injecting the melt, pressing, opening the mold and Ejecting the molding) significantly fluctuating demand of at least one hydraulic consumer buffered. The hydraulic pump thus does not need to be designed with respect to its capacity to the maximum demand for hydraulic fluid; Rather, in a more or less continuously operated hydraulic pump, an essentially oriented to the average demand for hydraulic fluid interpretation, wherein the hydraulic accumulator is loaded within a spray cycle in phases of low demand for hydraulic fluid and in phases of high demand for hydraulic fluid, the at least one hydraulic consumer fed. According to the DE 3431382 the hydraulic pump feeding hydraulic pump is controlled in neutral circulation when the pressure in the hydraulic accumulator reaches a maximum value.

Das konkrete Profil für den Bedarf an Hydraulikfluid innerhalb eines Spritzzyklus richtet sich nach dem einzelnen Spritzgießprozeß. Insbesondere werden je nach der Art des Spritzlings unterschiedliche Mengen an Hydraulikfluid für das Schließen der Form, daß Einspritzen der Schmelze, daß Öffnen der Form, das Kernziehen und das Auswerfen des Spritzlings benötigt. Liegt für den betreffenden Spritzgießprozeß der mittlere Bedarf an Hydraulikfluid unterhalb des Auslegungspunkts der Fördermenge der Hydraulikpumpe, so wird der Hydraulikspeicher - bei kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich arbeitender Hydraulikpumpe - intermittierend geladen, wobei, wie eingangs dargelegt, die Hydraulikpumpe zum Laden des Hydraulikspeichers bei einem von einem Drucksensor ermittelten unteren Druckgrenzwert (z.B. 180 bar) im Hydrauliksystem zuschaltbar und bei einem vom Drucksensor ermittelten oberen Druckgrenzwert (z.B. 195 bar) abschaltbar ist.The concrete profile for the demand for hydraulic fluid within an injection cycle depends on the individual injection molding process. In particular, depending on the type of injection molding different amounts of hydraulic fluid for closing the mold, that injection of the melt, that requires opening of the mold, the core pulling and the ejection of the molding. If, for the injection molding process in question, the average demand for hydraulic fluid is below the design point of the delivery rate of the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic accumulator is intermittently charged, in the case of a continuous or discontinuous hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump for charging the hydraulic accumulator at one of a pressure sensor, as stated at the outset determined lower pressure limit (eg 180 bar) in the hydraulic system and switchable at a from the Pressure sensor determined upper pressure limit (eg 195 bar) can be switched off.

Bei solchen Spritzgießmaschinen, die sich im Hinblick auf die Funktion durchaus grundsätzlich bewährt haben, wird in Zeiten eines gesteigerten Umwelt- und Energiebewußtseins ein unbefriedigender Wirkungsgrad als nachteilig angesehen, indem - je nach dem individuellen Spritzgießprozeß - zum unnötigen Laden des Hydraulikspeichers eine mehr oder weniger große Energiemenge vergeudet wird. Auch wirkt sich ein Laden des Hydraulikspeichers über das für den betreffenden Spritzzyklus benötigte Druckniveau hinaus nachteilig auf die Lebensdauer der Spritzgießmaschine bzw. von deren Hydraulikanlage aus.In such injection molding machines, which have proven fundamentally good in terms of function, an unsatisfactory efficiency is considered disadvantageous in times of increased environmental and energy consciousness by - depending on the individual injection molding process - to unnecessarily load the hydraulic accumulator a more or less large Amount of energy is wasted. Also, charging the hydraulic accumulator beyond the pressure level required for the particular injection cycle has an adverse effect on the life of the injection molding machine or its hydraulic system.

In der US-A 6120711 wird zum Zwecke der Steigerung der Qualität der Spritzgießerzeugnisse sowie des Wirkungsgrads der Spritzgießmaschine vorgeschlagen, den Beginn und das Ende des Ladens des Hydraulikspeichers statt über einen unteren und einen oberen, von einem Drucksensor überwachten Druckgrenzwert dergestalt in Abhängigkeit von genau festgelegten Betriebspunkten innerhalb des Spritzzyklus zu steuern, daß das Laden des Hydraulikspeichers exakt mit bestimmten Phasen des Spritzzyklus synchronisiert ist. Bei dem aus diesem Dokument bekannten Verfahren zur Steuerung des Ladens des Hydraulikspeichers einer Spritzgießmaschine wird mit dieser ein Lehrprogramm durchfahren, während dessen spezifische Größen ermittelt werden, die in einer arithmetischen Operation zur Festlegung der Betriebspunkte, an denen das Laden des Hydraulikspeichers beginnt und endet, verarbeitet werden.In the US-A 6120711 For the purpose of increasing the quality of the injection molded products as well as the efficiency of the injection molding machine, it is proposed to control the start and end of loading of the hydraulic accumulator rather than a lower and upper pressure limit monitored by a pressure sensor depending on well-defined operating points within the injection cycle in that the charging of the hydraulic accumulator is exactly synchronized with certain phases of the injection cycle. In the known from this document method for controlling the loading of the hydraulic accumulator of an injection molding machine with this a teaching program is passed through while the specific sizes are determined, which in an arithmetic operation for determining the operating points at which the loading of the hydraulic accumulator starts and ends processes become.

Als nachteilig bei dem aus diesem Dokument bekannten System ist der erhebliche apparative und verfahrenstechnische Aufwand anzusehen. Ebenfalls ist nachteilig, daß dieses System, das auf fest eingestellten, für den Beginn und das Ende des Ladens des Hydraulikspeichers maßgeblichen Betriebspunkten aufbaut, nicht flexibel auf mögliche toleranzbedingte Schwankungen einzelner Betriebsparameter reagieren kann.A disadvantage of the system known from this document is the considerable apparatus and procedural effort to be considered. It is also disadvantageous that this system, which builds on fixed, relevant for the beginning and end of the loading of the hydraulic accumulator operating points, can not react flexibly to possible tolerance-related fluctuations of individual operating parameters.

Vor dem Hintergrund des vorstehend dargelegten Standes der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Spritzgießmaschine der eingangs angegebenen Art zu schaffen, die sich bei einem vergleichsweise geringen apparativen und verfahrenstechnischen Aufwand und einer vergleichsweise hohen Toleranz gegenüber schwankenden Betriebsparametern durch einen hohen energetischen Nutzungsgrad und einen geringen Verschleiß auszeichnet.Against the background of the above-described prior art, the present invention seeks to provide an injection molding machine of the type described, which is characterized by a high energy efficiency and at a relatively low technical and procedural complexity and a relatively high tolerance to fluctuating operating parameters characterized by low wear.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung bei einer Spritzgießmaschine der gattungsgemäßen Art dadurch, daß die Spritzgießmaschine mindestens einen als Druckaufnehmer, als Kraftaufnehmer oder als Wegmeßsystem ausgeführten Betriebsparameteraufnehmer aufweist, der mit der Steuereinheit in Verbindung steht und während mindestens eines Meßzyklus' Meßwerte zu dem mindestens einen überwachten Betriebesparameter an die Steuereinheit meldet, wobei die Steuereinheit mindestens einen der beiden Druckgrenzwerte in Abhängigkeit von den durch den mindestens einen Betriebsparameteraufnehmer aufgenommenen Meßwerten festgelegt.This object is achieved according to the present invention in an injection molding machine of the generic type in that the injection molding machine has at least one designed as a pressure transducer, as a force transducer or as Wegmeßsystem Betriebsparameteraufnehmer, which is in communication with the control unit and during at least one measurement cycle 'measured values to the at least reports a monitored operating parameter to the control unit, wherein the control unit sets at least one of the two pressure limit values as a function of the measured values recorded by the at least one operating parameter sensor.

Die erfindungsgemäße Spritzgießmaschine orientiert sich somit an dem bewährten, robusten und gegenüber Schwankungen von Betriebsparametern toleranten Konzept, daß das Laden des Hydraulikspeichers unmittelbar in Abhängigkeit von dem in dem Hydrauliksystem, beispielsweise in dem Hydraulikspeicher selbst herrschenden Druck gesteuert wird, indem insbesondere die Steuereinheit zum Laden des Hydraulikspeichers die Hydraulikpumpe beim Erreichen eines unteren Druckgrenzwerts zuschaltet und beim Erreichen eines oberen Druckgrenzwerts abschaltet. Allerdings sind gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung die beiden Druckgrenzwerte nicht fest eingestellt; vielmehr wird mindestens einer der beiden Druckgrenzwerte durch die Steuereinheit individuell für den spezifischen Spritzzyklus in Abhängigkeit von Meßwerten mindestens eines Betriebsparameters festgelegt, welche während mindestens eines Meßzyklus von einem Betriebsparameteraufnehmer ermittelt und in der Steuereinheit verarbeitet werden. Bevorzugt werden beide Druckgrenzwerte, d.h. sowohl der für den Beginn des Ladens des Hydraulikspeichers maßgebliche untere Druckgrenzwert als auch der für das Ende des Ladens des Hydraulikspeichers maßgebliche obere Druckgrenzwert individuell für den spezifischen Spritzzyklus in Abhängigkeit von Meßwerten mindestens eines Betriebsparameters festgelegt, welche während mindestens eines Meßzyklus von einem Betriebsparameteraufnehmer ermittelt und in der Steuereinheit verarbeitet werden. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Spritzgießmaschine adaptiert sich somit, ohne daß das grundsätzliche Konzept verlassen wird, das Laden des Hydraulikspeichers selbsttätig an den individuellen, für das jeweilige Spritzgießerzeugnis maßgeblichen Spritzzyklus, so daß insbesondere ein unter energetischen Gesichtspunkten ungünstiges und verschleißförderndes Laden des Hydraulikspeichers über den für den betreffenden Spritzzyklus benötigten Druck hinaus vermieden wird.The injection molding machine according to the invention is thus based on the proven, robust and tolerant of fluctuations in operating parameters concept that the loading of the hydraulic accumulator directly in dependence is controlled by the in the hydraulic system, for example in the hydraulic accumulator itself prevailing pressure, in particular by the control unit for charging the hydraulic accumulator, the hydraulic pump on reaching a lower pressure limit switches on and off upon reaching an upper pressure limit. However, according to the present invention, the two pressure limits are not fixed; Rather, at least one of the two pressure limit values is set individually by the control unit for the specific injection cycle as a function of measured values of at least one operating parameter which are determined by an operating parameter recorder during at least one measuring cycle and processed in the control unit. Both pressure limit values, ie both the lower pressure limit relevant for starting the charging of the hydraulic accumulator and the upper limit for the end of charging of the hydraulic accumulator, are determined individually for the specific injection cycle as a function of measured values of at least one operating parameter during at least one measuring cycle be determined by a Betriebsparameteraufnehmer and processed in the control unit. In the injection molding machine according to the invention thus adapts, without the basic concept is abandoned, the loading of the hydraulic accumulator automatically to the individual, relevant for the respective injection molding injection cycle, so that in particular an unfavorable under energetic aspects and wear-promoting loading of the hydraulic accumulator over that for the relevant Spray cycle required pressure is avoided.

Dadurch, daß die erfindungsgemäße Spritzgießmaschine an dem Konzept des druckabhängigen Ladens des Hydraulikspeichers, wie es in verbreitet eingesetzten herkömmlichen Spritzgießmaschinen realisiert ist, festhält, ergibt sich als bedeutender Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung die Möglichkeit, bestehende Spritzgießmaschinen mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand zu solchen nach der vorliegenden Erfindung umzurüsten.Characterized in that the injection molding machine according to the invention adheres to the concept of pressure-dependent loading of the hydraulic accumulator, as realized in commonly used conventional injection molding machines holds, as a significant advantage of the present invention, the possibility of existing injection molding machines with comparatively little effort to those of the present invention convert.

Gemäß einer ersten bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß das Speichervolumen des mindestens einen Hydraulikspeichers unabhängig von den beiden Druckgrenzwerten variabel ist, wobei die Steuereinheit die wirksame Größe des Speichervolumens in Abhängigkeit von den von dem mindestens einen Betriebsparameteraufnehmer erfaßten Meßwerten festlegt. Hiermit ist der bedeutende Vorteil verbunden, daß sich das absolute Druckniveau innerhalb des Hydraulikspeichers und der Differenzdruck zwischen dem unteren und dem oberen Druckgrenzwert von der in dem Hydraulikspeicher akkumulierten Menge an Hydraulikfluid entkoppeln lassen. Liegt ein entsprechendes Profil für den Bedarf der hydraulischen Verbraucher vor, so lassen sich insbesondere durch entsprechende Einstellung des wirksamen Speichervolumens auf einem vergleichsweise niedrigen Druckniveau relativ große Mengen Hydraulikfluid in dem Hydraulikspeicher akkumulieren. Auf diese Weise ist nicht länger erforderlich, den Hydraulikspeicher nur aus dem Grunde auf einem - sonst nicht benötigten, unter energetischen Gesichtspunkten ungünstigen - hohen Druckniveau zu laden, um in ihm eine bestimmte Menge Hydraulikfluid akkumulieren zu können.According to a first preferred development of the invention, it is provided that the storage volume of the at least one hydraulic accumulator is variable independently of the two pressure limit values, wherein the control unit determines the effective size of the storage volume as a function of the measured values detected by the at least one operating parameter receiver. This has the significant advantage that the absolute pressure level within the hydraulic accumulator and the differential pressure between the lower and upper pressure limits can be decoupled from the accumulated in the hydraulic accumulator amount of hydraulic fluid. If a corresponding profile is available for the requirements of the hydraulic consumers, relatively large amounts of hydraulic fluid can be accumulated in the hydraulic accumulator, in particular by appropriately setting the effective storage volume at a comparatively low pressure level. In this way, it is no longer necessary to load the hydraulic accumulator only on the basis of a - otherwise not required, unfavorable from an energetic point of view - high pressure level to accumulate in him a certain amount of hydraulic fluid can.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Möglichkeit, das Speichervolumen des mindestens einen Hydraulikspeichers unabhängig von den Druckverhältnissen variieren zu können, liegt in einer Variation des Vorfülldrucks des mindestens einen Hydraulikspeichers. Dies wird weiter unten in größerem Detail erläutert.A particularly preferred possibility of being able to vary the storage volume of the at least one hydraulic accumulator independently of the pressure conditions lies in a variation of the pre-charge pressure of the at least one hydraulic accumulator. This will be explained in more detail below.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung können zur Festlegung des mindestens einen variablen Druckgrenzwerts - unter Verwendung entsprechender geeigneter, als solches bekannter Betriebsparameteraufnehmer - Meßwerte zu verschiedensten Betriebsparametern ausgewertet werden. Vorrangig kommen als Betriebsparameteraufnehmer Druckaufnehmer, Kraftaufnehmer und Wegmeßsysteme zum Einsatz; in Betracht kommen als Betriebsparameteraufnehmer jedoch beispielsweise auch Geschwindigkeitsaufnehmer und andere Positionserfassungsmittel als Wegmeßsysteme. Ist der mindestens eine Betriebsparameteraufnehmer als Druckaufnehmer ausgeführt, so kann dieser als Betriebsparameter insbesondere den Druck im Werkzeug, im Angußkanal bzw. im Spritzzylinder und/oder den Druck im Schließzylinder überwachen. Ist demgegenüber der mindestens eine Betriebsparameteraufnehmer als Kraftaufnehmer ausgeführt, so kann er als Betriebsparameter die Schließkraft der Schließeinheit überwachen. Ist der mindestens eine Betriebsparameteraufnehmer als Wegmeßsystem ausgeführt, so kann er als Betriebsparameter insbesondere den Vorschub der Einspritzschnecke und/oder den Schließweg der Schließeinheit überwachen. Unabhängig davon, welcher Art nun der Betriebsparameteraufnehmer ist und welcher Betriebsparameter mit ihm konkret überwacht wird, jeweils wird der Meßwert mit einem in der Steuereinheit hinterlegten Sollwert für den betreffenden Betriebsparameter verglichen. Weicht der Meßwert um ein nicht tolerierbares Maß von dem hinterlegten Sollwert ab, so adaptiert die Steuereinheit selbsttätig den mindestens einen variablen Druckgrenzwert im Sinne einer Verringerung der Abweichung des Istwerts des überwachten Betriebsparameters vom entsprechenden Sollwert. Beispielsweise kann, wenn der mittels eines Druckaufnehmers überwachte tatsächliche Druck im Schließzylinder hinter dem in der Steuereinheit hinterlegten Sollwert zurückbleibt, der obere, für das Beenden des Ladens des Hydraulikspeichers maßgebliche Druckgrenzwert selbsttätig durch die Steuereinheit angehoben werden.In the context of the present invention, to determine the at least one variable pressure limit value, measured values for a wide variety of operating parameters can be evaluated using corresponding suitable operating parameter sensors known as such. Priority come as Betriebsparameteraufnehmer pressure sensor, load cell and position measuring systems are used; However, for example, speed sensors and other position detection means may also be considered as operating parameter sensors as distance measuring systems. If the at least one operating parameter sensor is designed as a pressure sensor, it can monitor, in particular as an operating parameter, the pressure in the tool, in the runner or in the injection cylinder and / or the pressure in the lock cylinder. If, on the other hand, the at least one operating parameter sensor is designed as a force transducer, it can monitor the closing force of the clamping unit as the operating parameter. If the at least one operating parameter sensor is designed as a position measuring system, then it can monitor in particular the feed of the injection screw and / or the closing path of the closing unit as the operating parameter. Regardless of which type of operating parameter pickup is now and which operating parameter is concretely monitored with it, in each case the measured value is compared with a setpoint value stored in the control unit for the relevant operating parameter. differs the measured value by an intolerable measure of the stored setpoint, the control unit automatically adapts the at least one variable pressure limit in the sense of reducing the deviation of the actual value of the monitored operating parameter from the corresponding setpoint. For example, if the monitored by means of a pressure transducer actual pressure in the lock cylinder remains behind the stored in the control unit setpoint, the upper, relevant for terminating the loading of the hydraulic accumulator pressure limit be raised automatically by the control unit.

Zur Klarstellung ist festzustellen, daß bei der Überwachung des Druckes im Schließzylinder der Sollwert sich keineswegs zwingend auf den maximalen Schließdruck beziehen muß. Vielmehr kann auch ein vor dem Erreichen des maximalen Schließdrucks liegender Referenzdruck (Betriebsparameter) überwacht werden. Dies gilt namentlich für solche erfindungsgemäßen Spritzgießmaschinen, bei denen nur ein Teil der für den Aufbau des maximalen Schließdrucks erforderlichen Hydraulikflüssigkeit aus dem Hydraulikspeicher kommt, der verbleibende Teil hingegen direkt aus der Hydraulikpumpe oder einem Druckübersetzer. In diesem Falle könnte beispielsweise der Druck, der allein durch das Speisen der Schließeinheit aus dem Hydraulikspeicher entsteht, als Referenzdruck herangezogen werden.For clarification, it should be noted that when monitoring the pressure in the lock cylinder, the setpoint does not necessarily have to refer to the maximum closing pressure. Rather, it is also possible to monitor a reference pressure (operating parameter) lying before the maximum closing pressure is reached. This is especially true for such injection molding machines according to the invention, in which only a portion of the hydraulic fluid required for the construction of the maximum closing pressure comes from the hydraulic accumulator, the remaining part, however, directly from the hydraulic pump or a pressure booster. In this case, for example, the pressure which arises solely from the feeding of the closing unit from the hydraulic accumulator could be used as the reference pressure.

Der mindestens eine Meßzyklus, während dessen Meßwerte zu dem mindestens einen überwachten Betriebsparameter erfaßt und an die Steuereinheit gemeldet werden, kann im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung sowohl ein Leerzyklus ohne Einspritzung als auch ein Arbeitszyklus mit Einspritzung sein. Auch kommt eine Kombination von beiden Möglichkeiten in Betracht, indem Grundeinstellungen für den betreffenden, für das spezifische Spritzgießerzeugnis maßgeblichen Spritzzyklus im Rahmen eines Leerzyklus ermittelt werden und im Arbeitsbetrieb der Spritzgießmaschine die Einhaltung der vorgegebenen Betriebsparameter laufend überwacht wird und erforderlichenfalls die vorgenommenen Einstellungen nachgeführt werden.The at least one measuring cycle, during which measured values are recorded to the at least one monitored operating parameter and reported to the control unit, can in the context of the present invention include both an empty cycle without injection and a working cycle Be injection. Also, a combination of both options is considered by basic settings for the relevant relevant for the specific injection molding injection cycle are determined in the context of an empty cycle and in the operation of the injection molding machine compliance with the specified operating parameters is monitored continuously and, if necessary, the settings made are tracked.

Gemäß einer anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Spritzgießmaschine eine Speichereinheit zur Abspeicherung des mindestens einen variablen, für das spezifische Spritzprogramm von der Steuereinheit festgelegten Druckgrenzwerts und ggfs. das wirksame Speichervolumen auf einem Datenspeicher aufweist. Die entsprechenden, für den einzelnen Spritzling spezifischen Daten lassen sich auf diese Weise bei einer Umrüstung der Spritzgießmaschine von einem Spritzgießprozeß auf einen anderen Spritzgießprozeß problemlos in die Steuereinheit einspeichern. Dies macht das neuerliche Durchfahren eines Leerzyklus zur Ermittlung der Sollwerte für den mindestens einen überwachten Betriebsparameter entbehrlich und trägt somit zu kurzen Rüstzeiten bei.According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the injection molding machine has a memory unit for storing the at least one variable, for the specific spray program set by the control unit pressure limit and, if necessary, the effective storage volume on a data storage. The corresponding specific for the individual injection molding data can be easily stored in this way in a conversion of the injection molding of an injection molding process to another injection molding process in the control unit. This makes it unnecessary to repeat an idle cycle for determining the setpoint values for the at least one monitored operating parameter and thus contributes to short set-up times.

Die vorliegende Erfindung ist in gleicher Weise anwendbar auf solche Spritzgießmaschinen, die über ein einziges, zusammenhängendes Hydrauliksystem verfügen, wie auch auf solche Spritzgießmaschinen, bei denen das Hydrauliksystem mehrere abgegrenzte Untersysteme, die jeweils einer Funktion bzw. mehreren Funktionen zugeordnet sind und jeweils mindestens einen eigenen Hydraulikspeicher umfassen, aufweist. Ebensowenig spielt für die technische Umsetzung der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Rolle, ob der mindestens eine hydraulische Verbraucher ausschließlich über den Hydraulikspeicher beaufschlagbar oder aber, gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der vorliegenden Erfindung, auch mittels eines Ventils über eine direkte Verbindung von der Hydraulikpumpe beaufschlagbar ist.The present invention is equally applicable to such injection molding machines which have a single, cohesive hydraulic system, as well as to those injection molding machines in which the hydraulic system comprises a plurality of demarcated subsystems, each associated with one or more functions and at least one each Include hydraulic accumulator has. Nor does it play for the technical implementation of the present invention, a role, whether the at least one hydraulic consumer acted solely on the hydraulic accumulator or, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, by means of a valve via a direct connection of the hydraulic pump can be acted upon.

Eine wiederum andere bevorzugte Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Spritzgießmaschine zeichnet sich durch einen Betriebsartenschalter aus, mittels dessen sich die von der Steuereinheit festgelegten Druckgrenzwerte durch andere Druckgrenzwerte ersetzen lassen. Dies erweist sich beispielsweise als günstig bei solchen Spritzgießmaschinen, die regelmäßig in einen Standby-Betrieb geschaltet werden; denn durch Betätigen des Betriebsartenschalters lassen sich in diesem Falle die von der Steuereinheit für den Betriebsmodus festgelegten Druckgrenzwerte vorübergehend durch reduzierte Druckgrenzwerte für den Standby-Betrieb ersetzen, was sowohl im Hinblick auf den Energieverbrauch der Spritzgießmaschine wie auch unter Gesichtspunkten der Materialschonung vorteilhaft ist.Yet another preferred development of the injection molding machine according to the invention is characterized by a mode switch, by means of which the pressure limit values defined by the control unit can be replaced by other pressure limit values. This proves, for example, as low in such injection molding machines, which are regularly switched to a standby mode; in that case, by operating the mode switch, the pressure limits established by the operating mode control unit can be temporarily replaced by reduced pressure limits for standby mode, which is advantageous both in terms of energy consumption of the injection molding machine and material conservation.

Im folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung veranschaulichten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt

Fig. 1
eine schematische Ansicht einer Spritzgießmaschine nach der vorliegenden Erfindung mit einem auf die hier maßgeblichen Elemente vereinfachten Hydraulikschaltplan und
Fig. 2
eine Einrichtung zur Veränderung des wirksamen Speichervolumens des mindestens einen Hydraulikspeichers unabhängig von den Druckverhältnissen der Hydraulikseite und
Fig. 3
veranschaulicht eine Ausführungsmöglichkeit der Erfindung anhand eines Flußdiagramms.
In the following, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a preferred embodiment illustrated in the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1
a schematic view of an injection molding machine according to the present invention with a simplified on the relevant elements here hydraulic circuit diagram and
Fig. 2
a device for changing the effective storage volume of the at least one hydraulic accumulator regardless of the pressure conditions of the hydraulic side and
Fig. 3
1 illustrates an embodiment of the invention with reference to a flowchart.

Die in Fig. 1 veranschaulichte Spritzgießmaschine umfaßt eine feststehende Formaufspannplatte 1 und eine bewegbare Formaufspannplatte 2, welche gemeinsam den Werkzeugeinbauraum 3 definieren. Auf die bewegbare Formaufspannplatte 2 wirkt eine Schließeinheit 4. Diese ist zweistufig ausgeführt, indem sie getrennte Hydraulikzylinder für den Eilantrieb einerseits und den Kraftantrieb andererseits umfaßt. In diesem Sinne wirkt auf die bewegbare Formaufspannplatte 2 der das Kraftschließen bewirkende Schließzylinder 5, der sich an einer Endplatte 6 abstützt. Auf die Endplatte 6 ihrerseits wirken dem Eilvorschub dienende Fahrzylinder 7, deren Kolben an Zugstangen 8 angeordnet sind, welche mit der feststehenden Formaufspannplatte 1 fest verbunden sind und auf denen die bewegbare Formaufspannplatte 2 und die Endplatte 6 verschiebbar geführt sind.The illustrated in Fig. 1 injection molding machine comprises a fixed platen 1 and a movable platen 2, which together define the tool installation space 3. On the movable platen 2 acts a closing unit 4. This is carried out in two stages, comprising separate hydraulic cylinders for the express drive on the one hand and the power drive on the other. In this sense acts on the movable platen 2 of the force closing causing lock cylinder 5, which is supported on an end plate 6. On the end plate 6 in turn act on the rapid feed driving cylinder 7, the pistons are arranged on tie rods 8, which are fixedly connected to the fixed platen 1 and on which the movable platen 2 and the end plate 6 are guided.

Einspritzseitig umfaßt die Spritzgießmaschine in als solches bekannter Weise eine Schneckenzylinderaufnahme 9. Dieser ist mittels der Hydraulikzylinder 10 dergestalt relativ zur feststehenden Formaufspannplatte 1 verfahrbar, daß die Düse 11 aus ihrer in der Zeichnung dargestellten Stellung in eine dichtend an der feststehenden Formaufspannplatte 1 anliegende Stellung gebracht werden kann. Dem Antrieb der Schnecke 12 dient ein Hydraulikmotor 13, welcher an einem Motorträger 14 angebaut ist. Über Einspritzzylinder 15 steht der Motorträger 14 mit der Schneckenzylinderaufnahme 9 in Verbindung.This is by means of the hydraulic cylinder 10 in such a way relative to the fixed platen 1 movable that the nozzle 11 are brought from its position shown in the drawing in a sealingly attached to the fixed platen 1 position can. The drive of the worm 12 is a hydraulic motor 13, which is mounted on a motor carrier 14. About injection cylinder 15 is the engine mount 14 with the worm cylinder receptacle 9 in connection.

Die Hydraulikanlage der Spritzgießmaschine nach Fig. 1 umfaßt eine Hydraulikpumpe 16, welche von einem Motor 17 angetrieben wird. Die Hydraulikpumpe 16 fördert Hydraulikflüssigkeit aus dem Tank 18 über ein Rückschlagventil 19 in die Hochdruckleitung 20. Die Niederdruckleitung 21 ist über die Rücklaufleitung 22 zum Tank 18 hin geöffnet.The hydraulic system of the injection molding machine according to FIG. 1 comprises a hydraulic pump 16, which is driven by a motor 17. The hydraulic pump 16 delivers hydraulic fluid from the tank 18 via a check valve 19 into the high-pressure line 20. The low-pressure line 21 is opened via the return line 22 to the tank 18.

Die Hochdruckleitung 20 steht mit einem Hydraulikspeicher 23 in Verbindung. Ferner ist an die Hochdruckleitung 20 ein Drucksensor 24 angeschlossen. Dieser steht über eine Signalleitung 25 mit einer Steuereinheit 26 in Verbindung. In Abhängigkeit von dem in der Hochdruckleitung 20 herrschenden, über den Druckspeicher 23 abgepufferten Druck schaltet die Steuereinheit 26 die Hydraulikpumpe 16 dergestalt zu bzw. ab, daß die Hydraulikpumpe 16 beim Unterschreiten eines unteren Druckgrenzwerts in der Hochdruckleitung 20 zum Laden des Druckspeichers 23 zugeschaltet und beim Erreichen bzw. Überschreiten eines oberen Druckgrenzwerts in der Hochdruckleitung 20 abgeschaltet, d. h. bei weiter laufendem Antriebsmotor 17 auf Nullförderung geschaltet wird.The high-pressure line 20 communicates with a hydraulic accumulator 23. Furthermore, a pressure sensor 24 is connected to the high-pressure line 20. This is connected via a signal line 25 to a control unit 26 in connection. Depending on the prevailing in the high-pressure line 20, buffered via the pressure accumulator 23 pressure, the control unit 26 switches the hydraulic pump 16 such that the hydraulic pump 16 when falling below a lower pressure limit in the high-pressure line 20 for charging the pressure accumulator 23 is switched on and Reaching or exceeding an upper pressure limit in the high-pressure line 20 is switched off, d. H. is switched to zero promotion at further running drive motor 17.

In der den Hydraulikspeicher 23 mit der Hochdruckleitung 20 verbindenden Leitung kann - ohne daß dies zeichnerisch veranschaulicht ist - ein Ventil vorgesehen sein, welches von der Steuereinheit steuerbar ist. Mittels dieses Ventils läßt sich insbesondere die betreffende Leitung sperren, um bei bestimmten Betriebszuständen gezielt das Laden des Hydraulikspeichers 23 zu unterbinden, beispielsweise um bei einem vergleichsweise niedrigen Druckniveau im Hydraulikspeicher einen der hydraulischen Verbraucher direkt bei hohem Druck mit der gesamten Fördermenge der Hydraulikpumpe 16 zu beaufschlagen.In the hydraulic accumulator 23 with the high pressure line 20 connecting line can - without this being illustrated in the drawing - be provided a valve which is controllable by the control unit. By means of this valve, in particular, the line in question can be locked to selectively block the loading of the hydraulic accumulator 23 in certain operating conditions, for example, at a comparatively low pressure level in the hydraulic accumulator the hydraulic consumer to apply directly at high pressure with the entire flow rate of the hydraulic pump 16.

Die Spritzgießmaschine nach Fig. 1 umfaßt somit insgesamt fünf funktionsverschiedene hydraulische Verbraucher, welche jeweils entsprechend dem jeweiligen Spritzgießprozeß über ein von einer - nicht dargestellten - Steuereinheit angesteuertes Steuerventil 27 mit Hydraulikflüssigkeit aus der Hochdruckleitung 20 beaufschlagt werden. In dem vorstehend aufgezeigten Umfang entspricht die Spritzgießmaschine gemäß Fig. 1 dem hinlänglich bekannten Stand der Technik, so daß es weiterer Erläuterungen nicht bedarf.The injection molding machine according to Fig. 1 thus comprises a total of five functionally different hydraulic consumers, which are each acted upon in accordance with the respective injection molding process via a control unit - not shown - control valve 27 with hydraulic fluid from the high-pressure line 20. In the scope indicated above, the injection molding machine according to FIG. 1 corresponds to the well-known state of the art, so that further explanations are not required.

Die Spritzgießmaschine umfaßt in Anwendung der vorliegenden Erfindung ferner einen Betriebsparameteraufnehmer 28, der im Falle des veranschaulichten Ausführungsbeispiels als Wegaufnehmer 29 ausgeführt ist, welcher zwischen der feststehenden Formaufspannplatte 1 und der Endplatte 6 angeordnet ist. Über eine Signalleitung 30 ist der Wegaufnehmer 29 mit der Steuereinheit 26 verbunden. Auf diese Weise wird die Steuereinheit 26 in die Lage versetzt, im Rahmen der Steuerung der Hydraulikpumpe 16 neben dem von dem Drucksensor 24 bereitgestellten Drucksignal betreffend den Druck in der Hochdruckleitung 20 auch den von dem Betriebsparameteraufnehmer 28 überwachten Betriebsparameter, vorliegend die von dem Wegaufnehmer 29 ermittelte Stellung der beweglichen Platte 2 relativ zur feststehenden Formaufspannplatte 1, zu berücksichtigen. Die Verarbeitung der Signale des Drucksensors 24 einerseits und des Wegaufnehmers 29 andererseits kann dabei insbesondere dergestalt erfolgen, daß der Drucksensor den am Ende der Schließbewegung der beweglichen Platte 2 in der Hochdruckleitung 20 herrschenden Druck ermittelt, wobei jenes Ende der Schließbewegung der beweglichen Platte 2 von dem Wegaufnehmer 29 erfaßt wird. Der zu jenem Betriebspunkt bestehende Druck in der Hochdruckleitung 20 wird mit einem in der Steuereinheit 26 hinterlegten Referenzdruck verglichen. Überschreitet der tatsächliche Druck jenen Referenzdruck, so wird der obere Druckgrenzwert selbsttätig nach unten korrigiert. Bleibt indessen der tatsächliche Druck hinter dem Referenzdruck zurück, so wird der obere Druckgrenzwert entsprechend angehoben.The injection molding machine according to the present invention further comprises an operating parameter receiver 28, which in the case of the illustrated embodiment is designed as a displacement transducer 29, which is arranged between the stationary mold clamping plate 1 and the end plate 6. Via a signal line 30, the displacement sensor 29 is connected to the control unit 26. In this way, the control unit 26 is enabled, in the context of the control of the hydraulic pump 16 in addition to the pressure signal provided by the pressure sensor 24 regarding the pressure in the high-pressure line 20 and the monitored by the Betriebsparameteraufnehmer 28 operating parameters, in this case determined by the transducer 29 Position of the movable plate 2 relative to the fixed platen 1, to be considered. The processing of the signals of the pressure sensor 24 on the one hand and the transducer 29 on the other hand can be done in particular such that the pressure sensor on the Detected end of the closing movement of the movable plate 2 in the high pressure line 20 prevailing pressure, wherein that end of the closing movement of the movable plate 2 is detected by the transducer 29. The existing at that operating pressure in the high pressure line 20 is compared with a stored in the control unit 26 reference pressure. If the actual pressure exceeds the reference pressure, the upper pressure limit is automatically corrected downwards. If, however, the actual pressure falls short of the reference pressure, the upper pressure limit is raised accordingly.

Alternativ oder additiv zu dem Wegaufnehmer 29 können andere bzw. weitere Betriebsparameteraufnehmer vorgesehen sein, die in entsprechender Weise mit der Steuereinheit 26 in Verbindung stehen und dieser die Meßwerte des jeweils überwachten Betriebsparameters zur Verarbeitung im Rahmen der Ermittlung des jeweils günstigsten oberen und/oder unteren Druckgrenzwerts zur Verfügung stellen. In Betracht kommt in diesem Zusammenhang insbesondere die Ausführung des/der Betriebsparameteraufnehmer(s) als Druckaufnehmer, der/die als Betriebsparameter den Druck im Werkzeug, im Angußkanal, im Spritzzylinder und/oder im Schließzylinder überwacht/ überwachen, als Kraftaufnehmer, der als Betriebsparameter die Schließkraft der Schließeinheit überwacht, und als Wegaufnehmer, der als Betriebsparameter den Vorschub der Einspritzschnecke überwacht. Jeweils werden der obere und/oder der untere Druckgrenzwert durch eine in die Steuereinheit implementierte Routine selbsttätig unter Berücksichtigung der von dem/den jeweiligen Betriebsparameteraufnehmer(n) bereitgestellten Meßwerts/ Meßwerten im Hinblick auf den jeweiligen Spritzgießprozeß optimiert. Aufgrund der prinzipiell vergleichbaren Funktionsweise entsprechender Alternativen mit der vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsform kann auf eine eingehende Erläuterung verzichtet werden.As an alternative or in addition to the position transducer 29, other or further operating parameter sensors may be provided which are correspondingly in communication with the control unit 26 and the measured values of the respectively monitored operating parameter for processing within the determination of the respectively most favorable upper and / or lower pressure limit value provide. In this context, in particular the design of the / the Betriebsparameteraufnehmer (s) as a pressure sensor, the / as operating parameters, the pressure in the tool, in the runner, in the injection cylinder and / or lock cylinder monitors / monitor, as a force transducer, the operating parameters as the Closing force of the closing unit monitors, and as a displacement transducer, which monitors the feed screw feed as the operating parameter. In each case, the upper and / or the lower pressure limit value are automatically determined by a routine implemented in the control unit, taking into account the measured value / measured values provided by the respective operating parameter recorder (s) with respect to FIG optimized injection molding process. Due to the principle comparable operation of corresponding alternatives with the embodiment described above can be dispensed with a detailed explanation.

Mit der Steuereinheit 26 steht ein Betriebsartenschalter 31 in Verbindung. Mit diesem läßt sich der Betriebsmodus der Spritzgießmaschine verändern, beispielsweise indem die Steuerung durch einfachen Knopfdruck aus einem dem Arbeitsbetrieb entsprechenden ersten Betriebsmodus in einen dem Stand-by-Betrieb entsprechenden zweiten Betriebsmodus geschaltet wird, in welchem - bei anhaltender Funktionsbereitschaft der Spritzgießmaschine - der obere und der untere Druckgrenzwert reduziert sind.With the control unit 26 is a mode switch 31 in connection. With this, the operating mode of the injection molding machine can be changed, for example, by the controller is switched by a simple push of a button corresponding to the operating mode first operating mode in a standby mode corresponding second operating mode, in which - with continued readiness of the injection molding machine - the upper and the lower pressure limit is reduced.

Fig. 2 veranschaulicht eine Einrichtung zur Veränderung des wirksamen Speichervolumens des mindestens einen Hydraulikspeichers 23 durch Vorfülldruckvariation unabhängig von den Druckverhältnissen, wie sie besonders bevorzugt in Verbindung mit einer Spritzgießmaschine der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Art eingesetzt wird. So, wie dies in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, wird eine Hochdruckleitung 20 über ein Rückschlagventil 19 von einer Hydraulikpumpe 16 gespeist. An die Hochdruckleitung 20 ist ein Hydraulikspeicher 23 angeschlossen. Dieser ist als Blasenspeicher ausgeführt mit einer innerhalb des Gehäuses 32 angeordneten Speicherblase 33. Der Raum zwischen der Speicherblase 33 und dem Gehäuse 32 dient als Ausgleichsraum für die akkumulierte Hydraulikflüssigkeit, während die Speicherblase 33 selbst mit einem Gas gefüllt ist.2 illustrates a device for changing the effective storage volume of the at least one hydraulic accumulator 23 by Vorfülldruckvariation regardless of the pressure ratios, as it is particularly preferably used in conjunction with an injection molding machine of the type shown in Fig. 1. Thus, as shown in Fig. 1, a high pressure line 20 is fed via a check valve 19 by a hydraulic pump 16. To the high pressure line 20, a hydraulic accumulator 23 is connected. This is designed as a bladder accumulator with a disposed within the housing 32 storage bladder 33. The space between the reservoir bladder 33 and the housing 32 serves as a compensation chamber for the accumulated hydraulic fluid, while the bladder 33 itself is filled with a gas.

Der Vorspanndruck des in der Speicherblase 33 komprimierten Gases läßt sich unter Nutzung der Hydraulikpumpe 16 variieren. Hierzu ist ein Verdichterylinder 34 vorgesehen, dessen frei beweglicher Verdichterkolben 35 einen hydraulischen Arbeitsraum 36 von einem Gasraum 37 abtrennt. Durch entsprechende Ansteuerung des 4/2 Wege-Umschaltventils 38 läßt sich der hydraulische Arbeitsraum 36 mit von der Hydraulikpumpe 16 geförderter Hydraulikflüssigkeit beaufschlagen. Das in dem Gasraum 37 eingeschlossene Gas wird komprimiert und, sobald der in der Speicherblase 33 herrschende Druck überschritten wird, über das Rückschlagventil 39 in die Speicherblase 33 verdrängt. Wird das 4/2 Wege-Umschaltventil 38 umgesteuert, wird der hydraulische Arbeitsraum 36 durch Verbindung mit dem Tank 18 drucklos gemacht; Gas, welches in dem Gas-Zusatzbehälter 40 unter geringem Vorspanndruck gehalten wird, gelangt über das Rückschlagventil 41 in den Gasraum 37 des Verdichterzylinders 34 und verdrängt den Verdichterkolben 35. Bei erneuter Umsteuerung des 4/2 Wege-Umschaltventils 38 beginnt der Vorgang von neuem.The biasing pressure of the compressed gas in the storage bubble 33 can be varied by using the hydraulic pump 16. For this purpose, a compressor cylinder 34 is provided, whose freely movable compressor piston 35 separates a hydraulic working chamber 36 from a gas chamber 37. By appropriate control of the 4/2 way switching valve 38, the hydraulic working chamber 36 can be acted upon by the hydraulic pump 16 funded hydraulic fluid. The gas trapped in the gas space 37 is compressed and, as soon as the pressure prevailing in the reservoir bladder 33 is exceeded, is displaced via the check valve 39 into the reservoir bladder 33. If the 4/2-way switching valve 38 is reversed, the hydraulic working space 36 is depressurized by connection to the tank 18; Gas, which is held in the additional gas reservoir 40 under low bias pressure, passes through the check valve 41 into the gas space 37 of the compressor cylinder 34 and displaces the compressor piston 35. Upon renewed reversal of the 4/2-way switching valve 38, the process begins again.

In Verbindung mit der in Fig. 1 veranschaulichten Spritzgießmaschine läßt sich die Einrichtung nach Fig. 2 mit besonderem Vorteil dergestalt einsetzen, daß unter Berücksichtigung der von der Steuerung 26 ermittelten optimalen Druckgrenzwerte die wirksame Größe des Speichervolumens des Hydraulikspeichers 23 in Abhängigkeit von den von den Betriebsparameteraufnehmern erfaßten Meßwerten festgelegt wird. Wird beispielsweise der obere Druckgrenzwert unter Verringerung der Druckdifferenz zwischen dem unteren und dem oberen Druckgrenzwert abgesenkt, so kann durch entsprechende Anpassung der wirksamen Größe des Speichervolumens die in dem Hydraulikspeicher akkumulierte Menge an Hydraulikflüssigkeit unabhängig von den Druckverhältnissen an den tatsächlichen Bedarf angepaßt werden.In connection with the injection molding machine illustrated in Fig. 1, the device of Fig. 2 can be used with particular advantage such that, taking into account the optimum pressure limits determined by the controller 26, the effective size of the storage volume of the hydraulic accumulator 23 will depend on those of the operating parameters receivers determined measured values is determined. For example, if the upper pressure limit lowered while reducing the pressure difference between the lower and upper pressure limit, so can by appropriate adjustment of the effective size of the storage volume in the hydraulic accumulator Accumulated amount of hydraulic fluid can be adjusted regardless of the pressure ratios to the actual needs.

Der Gasdruck in der Speicherblase 33 wird über einen Drucksensor 42 überwacht. Jener Drucksensor 42 steuert das weiter oben beschriebene Vorspannen der Speicherblase 33 bzw. ggfs. die Absenkung des Vorspanndrucks der Speicherblase durch Öffnen des Rückströmventils 43, um die wirksame Größe des Speichervolumens an die jeweiligen Verhältnisse anzupassen. In diesem Sinne steht bei einer Integration der Einrichtung nach Fig. 2 in die Spritzgießmaschine nach Fig. 1 auch der Drucksensor 42 mit der Steuereinheit 26 in Verbindung, und die Steuereinheit 26 steuert in Abhängigkeit von den verschiedenen erfaßten Betriebsparametern nicht nur die Hydraulikpumpe 16 sondern auch das 4/2 Wege-Umschaltventil 38 sowie das Rückströmventil 43.The gas pressure in the reservoir bladder 33 is monitored via a pressure sensor 42. That pressure sensor 42 controls the biasing of the reservoir bladder 33 described above or, if appropriate, the lowering of the prestressing pressure of the reservoir bladder by opening the reflux valve 43 in order to adapt the effective size of the reservoir volume to the respective conditions. In this sense, in an integration of the device of FIG. 2 in the injection molding machine of FIG. 1, the pressure sensor 42 with the control unit 26 in conjunction, and the control unit 26 controls not only the hydraulic pump 16 but also depending on the various detected operating parameters the 4/2-way switching valve 38 and the return flow 43rd

In der Steuereinheit der in den Fig. 1 und 2 veranschaulichten Spritzgießmaschine kann beispielsweise der in Fig. 3 durch ein Flußdiagramm wiedergegebene Prozeß ablaufen, durch den unter Überwachung und Auswertung mindestens eines den Spritzzyklus charakterisierenden Betriebsparameters das Druckniveau des Hydrauliksystems automatisch an den jeweiligen Spritzzyklus adaptiert wird. Als maßgeblicher Betriebsparameter wird in dem veranschaulichten Fall die Einspritzgeschwindigkeit, d.h. die Geschwindigkeit der Einspritzbewegung, herangezogen. Zu diesem Zweck wird ein Sollwert für die Einspritzgeschwindigkeit vorgegeben. Des weiteren werden Startwerte für den oberen und den unteren Druckgrenzwert vorgegeben, mit welchen in den in Fig. 3 veranschaulichten Prozeß eingetreten wird. Während eines ersten Spritzzyklus wird die tatsächlich erreichte Einspritzgeschwindigkeit erfaßt; ebenso werden der am Ende der Einspritzbewegung herrschende Spritzdruck und Speicherdruck erfaßt.In the control unit of the injection molding machine illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, the process represented by a flow chart in FIG. 3 can be used to automatically adapt the pressure level of the hydraulic system to the respective injection cycle by monitoring and evaluating at least one operating parameter characterizing the injection cycle , The decisive operating parameter used in the illustrated case is the injection speed, ie the speed of the injection movement. For this purpose, a setpoint for the injection speed is specified. Furthermore, start values for the upper and lower pressure limit values are entered, with which the process illustrated in FIG. 3 is entered. During one first injection cycle, the actually achieved injection speed is detected; Similarly, the prevailing at the end of the injection movement injection pressure and accumulator pressure are detected.

Der tatsächlich erreichte Wert der Einspritzgeschwindigkeit wird mit dem vorgegebenen Sollwert verglichen. Erreicht dabei die tatsächliche Einspritzgeschwindigkeit nicht den vorgegebenen Sollwert, so wird mindestens einer der beiden Druckgrenzwerte erhöht. Ob nun der untere Druckgrenzwert, der obere Druckgrenzwert oder aber beide Druckgrenzwerte erhöht werden, kann sich dabei insbesondere in Abhängigkeit von weiteren überwachten Betriebsparametern ergeben, nachdem sich dies unter anderem auf die wirksame Kapazität des Hydraulikspeichers auswirkt. Zur Vereinfachung des Schaubilds ist allerdings auf eine Darstellung der insoweit durchzuführenden weiteren Abfrage verzichtet worden.The actually achieved value of the injection speed is compared with the specified setpoint value. If the actual injection speed does not reach the specified setpoint, at least one of the two pressure limits is increased. Whether the lower pressure limit value, the upper pressure limit value or both pressure limit values are increased may result, in particular, as a function of further monitored operating parameters after this has an effect, inter alia, on the effective capacity of the hydraulic accumulator. To simplify the diagram, however, has been dispensed with a representation of the extent to be carried out further query.

Erreicht die tatsächliche Einspritzgeschwindigkeit hingegen den vorgegebenen Sollwert oder überschreitet sie diesen sogar, so bedeutet dies nicht zwingend, daß die betreffende Einstellung der beiden Druckgrenzwerte beibehalten wird. Vielmehr erfolgt in diesem Falle eine Prüfung, ob nicht - zur Steigerung des Wirkungsgrads der Spritzgießmaschine - eine Absenkung des Druckniveaus des Hydraulikspeichers ohne nachteilige Auswirkungen auf den Spritzgießprozeß möglich ist. Hierzu wird der beim Ende der Einspritzbewegung herrschende Spritzdruck mit dem zu diesem Zeitpunkt herrschenden Speicherdruck verglichen. Nur in dem Falle, daß der Speicherdruck weniger als 10 bar über dem Spritzdruck liegt, ergibt sich keine Veränderung der beiden Druckgrenzwerte gegenüber den eingangs vorgegebenen Startwerten. Denn in jenem Falle, daß der Speicherdruck mindestens 10 bar über dem Spritzdruck liegt, ist erkennbar, daß eine Absenkung des Druckniveaus des Hydraulikspeichers ohne nachteilige Auswirkungen auf den Spritzgießprozeß möglich ist. Ob dabei der untere Druckgrenzwert, der obere Druckgrenzwert oder aber beide Druckgrenzwerte abgesenkt werden, kann sich wiederum in Abhängigkeit von weiteren überwachten Betriebsparametern ergeben, weil hiervon wiederum die wirksame Kapazität des Hydraulikspeichers beeinflußt wird (s.o.).On the other hand, if the actual injection speed reaches or even exceeds the preset set point, this does not necessarily mean that the respective setting of the two pressure limits is maintained. Rather, in this case, a check is made whether - not to increase the efficiency of the injection molding machine - a lowering of the pressure level of the hydraulic accumulator without adverse effects on the injection molding process is possible. For this purpose, the injection pressure prevailing at the end of the injection movement is compared with the storage pressure prevailing at that time. Only in the case that the accumulator pressure is less than 10 bar above the injection pressure, there is no change in the two pressure limits compared to the initial values specified at the beginning. Because in that case, that the accumulator pressure is at least 10 bar above the injection pressure, it can be seen that a reduction of the pressure level of the hydraulic accumulator without adverse effects on the injection molding process is possible. Whether the lower pressure limit value, the upper pressure limit value or both pressure limit values are lowered, may in turn result depending on further monitored operating parameters, because this in turn affects the effective capacity of the hydraulic accumulator (see above).

Selbst wenn sich allein aus dem auf der Überwachung der Einspritzgeschwindigkeit aufbauenden Lehrzyklus keine Notwendigkeit, den unteren und/oder den oberen Druckgrenzwert gegenüber dem eingangs vorgegebenen Startwert zu verändern, ergibt, bedeutet dies noch nicht zwingend, daß diese Druckgrenzwerte für den betreffenden Spritzgießprozeß optimal sind. Denn ggfs. ergibt sich aus einem Lehrzyklus, welcher auf der Überwachung eines anderen Betriebsparameters als der Einspritzgeschwindigkeit aufbaut, daß eine bestimmte Anpassung mindestens eines der beiden Druckgrenzwerte zweckmäßig ist. Insoweit kann sich an den in Fig. 3 veranschaulichten Lehrzyklus, welcher auf einer Überwachung der Einspritzgeschwindigkeit aufbaut, mindestens ein weiterer Lehrzyklus anschließen, in welchem ein anderer charakteristischer Betriebsparameter der Einspritzmaschine überwacht und zur Beeinflussung des Druckniveaus des Hydraulikspeichers herangezogen wird.Even if there is no need to change the lower and / or upper pressure limit from the starting value specified at the outset solely from the training cycle based on the monitoring of the injection speed, this does not necessarily mean that these pressure limits are optimal for the particular injection molding process. If necessary, results from a teaching cycle, which builds on the monitoring of a different operating parameter than the injection speed, that a specific adjustment of at least one of the two pressure limits is appropriate. In that regard, the teaching cycle illustrated in FIG. 3, which is based on monitoring the injection speed, may be followed by at least one further teaching cycle in which another characteristic operating parameter of the injection machine is monitored and used to influence the pressure level of the hydraulic accumulator.

Claims (14)

  1. An injection moulding machine with a clamping unit (4) and at least one plasticizing and injection unit, wherein at least one hydraulic consumer (5, 7, 10, 13, 15) that can be discontinuously actuated is provided with the following features:
    - the at least one hydraulic consumer can be pressurized from an hydraulic accumulator (23) via a valve (27) which can be actuated from a control unit (26);
    - the at least one hydraulic accumulator (23) can be fed by a hydraulic pump (16)!
    - the at least one hydraulic accumulator (23) is associated with a pressure sensor (24) which is connected with the control unit (26), wherein the hydraulic pump (16) is switched on by the control unit (26) when the pressure monitored by the pressure sensor (24) reaches or falls below a lower pressure limit value and is switched off when the pressure monitored by the pressure sensor (24) reaches or exceeds an upper pressure limit value; characterized by the following features:
    - the injection moulding machine has at least one operating parameter pickup (28) embodied as pressure pickup, force pickup or as path measuring system, which is connected with the control unit (26) and during at least one measuring cycle signals measurements regarding the at least one monitored operating parameter to the control unit (26);
    - the control unit (26) determines at least one of the two pressure limit values as a function of the measurements picked up by the at least one operating parameter pickup.
  2. The injection moulding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the accumulation volume of the at least one hydraulic accumulator (23) is variable regardless of the pressure conditions in the hydraulic accumulator (23), wherein the control unit (26) determines the effective quantity of the accumulator volume as a function of the measurements.
  3. The injection moulding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the pre-filling pressure of the at least one hydraulic accumulator (23) is variable.
  4. The injection moulding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that as operating parameter pickup (28) a pressure pickup is provided which, as operating parameter, monitors the pressure in the mould, in the runner or in the injection cylinder (15).
  5. The injection moulding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that as operating parameter pickup (28) a pressure pickup is provided which, as operating parameter, monitors the pressure in the clamping cylinder (5).
  6. The injection moulding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that as operating parameter pickup (28) a force pickup is provided which, as operating parameter, monitors the clamping force of the clamping unit (4).
  7. The injection moulding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that as operating parameter pickup (28) a path measuring system is provided which, as operating parameter, monitors the feed of the injection screw (12).
  8. The injection moulding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that as operating parameter pickup (28) a path measuring system is provided which, as operating parameter, monitors the clamping path of the clamping unit (4).
  9. The injection moulding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a blank cycle without injection forms a measuring cycle.
  10. The injection moulding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a work cycle with injection forms a measuring cycle.
  11. The injection moulding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of sub-systems each associated with a function or a plurality of functions each with at least one separate hydraulic accumulator.
  12. The injection moulding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that by means of a valve (27) a direct connection between the hydraulic pump (16) and at least one hydraulic consumer can be established.
  13. The injection moulding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it has a storage device for the storage of the pressure limit values determined by the control unit (26) and, if applicable, effective accumulator volumes on a data memory.
  14. The injection moulding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the pressure limit values determined by the control unit (26) can be replaced with other pressure limit values by means of an operating mode switch (31).
EP02028562A 2001-12-21 2002-12-20 Injection moulding machine with hydraulic accumulator Expired - Lifetime EP1321276B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10163385 2001-12-21
DE10163385 2001-12-21
DE10208589 2002-02-27
DE10208589A DE10208589C2 (en) 2001-12-21 2002-02-27 injection molding machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1321276A1 EP1321276A1 (en) 2003-06-25
EP1321276B1 true EP1321276B1 (en) 2007-12-12

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EP (1) EP1321276B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE380646T1 (en)
DE (1) DE50211349D1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT521382B1 (en) 2018-11-14 2020-01-15 Engel Austria Gmbh Closing unit for a molding machine
CA3153667A1 (en) * 2019-10-04 2021-04-08 Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd. Stabilized adaptive hydraulic system pressure in an injection molding system

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB688668A (en) * 1950-04-12 1953-03-11 Hermann Sauter Improvements in or relating to a hydraulic drive, such as may particularly be applied to die and press moulding machines
DE3006468A1 (en) * 1980-02-21 1981-09-10 Alfred Teves Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt DEVICE FOR PRESSURE CONTROL FOR A PRESSURE STORAGE
DE3431382A1 (en) * 1984-08-25 1986-02-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Hydraulic control device for the mould clamping unit of an injection moulding device
DE4234647C1 (en) * 1992-10-14 1994-01-27 Karl Hehl Hydraulic device on an injection molding machine for processing plastics or the like
JP3172830B2 (en) * 1997-03-28 2001-06-04 日精樹脂工業株式会社 Accumulator control method for injection molding machine

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ATE380646T1 (en) 2007-12-15
EP1321276A1 (en) 2003-06-25
DE50211349D1 (en) 2008-01-24

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