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EP1398585A1 - Apparatus for producing high amounts of oxygen and/or nitrogen - Google Patents

Apparatus for producing high amounts of oxygen and/or nitrogen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1398585A1
EP1398585A1 EP03292050A EP03292050A EP1398585A1 EP 1398585 A1 EP1398585 A1 EP 1398585A1 EP 03292050 A EP03292050 A EP 03292050A EP 03292050 A EP03292050 A EP 03292050A EP 1398585 A1 EP1398585 A1 EP 1398585A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
parallel
installation according
equipment
nitrogen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03292050A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Emmanuel Garnier
Giovanni Massimo
Jean-Pierre Gourbier
Lasad Jaouani
Frédéric Judas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1398585A1 publication Critical patent/EP1398585A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04539—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F25J3/04824—Stopping of the process, e.g. defrosting or deriming; Back-up procedures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F25J3/04957—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipments upstream of the fractionation unit (s), i.e. at the "front-end"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F25J3/04963—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipment within or downstream of the fractionation unit(s)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/24—Multiple compressors or compressor stages in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
    • F25J2240/04—Multiple expansion turbines in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/50—One fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/902—Apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/902—Apparatus
    • Y10S62/911—Portable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a installation for the production of oxygen and / or nitrogen and / or argon by air distillation.
  • the invention applies by example to the production of very large amounts of oxygen under high pressure, especially for supplying units for the production of synthetic hydrocarbons.
  • GTL units Industrial production units synthetic hydrocarbons, called “Gas-To-Liquids”
  • GTL units can have a production capacity of around 50,000 barrels per day, which corresponds to one consumption of around 12,000 tonnes per day of oxygen.
  • the invention aims to reduce investment, possibly by putting the equipment at their size maximum, and benefit from a synergy on rescue, which will increase the reliability of these installations.
  • the subject of the invention is a installation for the production of oxygen and / or nitrogen and / or argon by air distillation, comprising: N (N> 1) boxes each of which includes on the one hand an exchange line thermal to cool the air to be distilled, and secondly an air distiller that produces oxygen and / or nitrogen and / or argon; and means of air treatment that feeds the appliances air distillation and possibly means of treatment of a fluid coming from the air distillation, these air treatment means or means for treating fluids comprising several equipment mounted in parallel and networked with their inputs and / or outputs connected to a common collector which collects or redistributes all of the air or fluid from the corresponding treatment step and in the case where the fluid treatment means have several equipment mounted in parallel and in a network, these means of treatment being turbines and / or pumps and / or heaters and / or cooling towers.
  • processing means are preferably found downstream of the main air compressors, which are used to compress the air from ambient pressure.
  • processing means deal with the air intended for all distillation apparatus or process fluid from all distillation.
  • High production pressure is typically between 30 and 65 bars. number followed by the suffix A, B, ..., or by the general reference consisting of the single number.
  • each cold box essentially includes a air distillation apparatus 4, for example a double distillation column, which produces gaseous oxygen OG, nitrogen gas NG and a waste gas W (impure nitrogen), and possibly argon, and an exchange line main thermal 5A, 5B which cools the air to be distilled to counter current from the device associated distillation.
  • a air distillation apparatus 4 for example a double distillation column, which produces gaseous oxygen OG, nitrogen gas NG and a waste gas W (impure nitrogen), and possibly argon
  • an exchange line main thermal 5A, 5B which cools the air to be distilled to counter current from the device associated distillation.
  • the processing means 3 also include six air expansion turbines 16, all identical, which serve keeping the installation cold.
  • the turbines 16 have their inputs connected to a medium air manifold 17 pressure cooled in the exchange lines 5, and their outputs are connected to another common collector 18.
  • the 16 turbines are located inside an isolated enclosure containing only these turbines as processing means for the air.
  • the pipes 19 can lead to a medium pressure air inlet if the air supplied to the turbines 16 is at a higher pressure than the medium pressure.
  • the collector 17 can be connected to a medium pressure nitrogen inlet from device 4 and the expanded nitrogen can be vented through the collector 18.
  • each collector 29,32 is connected to a respective manifold 34, 35 which collects the gas correspondent heated by heat exchange lines 5A and 5B. If necessary, a flow rate for each gas can be taken from these collectors, as illustrated in 36, 37.
  • FIG. 2 differs from the previous one by replacing the brakes 20 of the turbines 16, by as many boosters or “boosters” 38. Each of these boosters is wedged on the turbine shaft corresponding.
  • the boosters are mounted in parallel between an input collector 39 and an output collector 40; the latter is connected to the collector 17 via two circuits partial cooling 41 passing through the lines exchange 5A and 5B.
  • the turbines 16 will once again be located in an isolated enclosure.
  • the installation in Figure 3 differs from the previous by adding four air compressors secondary 42 treating a fraction of the incoming air flow, and five liquid oxygen pumps 43.
  • the compressors 42 are mounted in parallel between a suction manifold 44 connected to the manifold 14, and a discharge manifold 45 connected to high pressure air inlets of the lines exchange 5A and 5B.
  • the pumps 43 are mounted in parallel between a suction manifold 46, which receives oxygen low pressure liquid from devices 4, and a cooling manifold 47, connected to inputs liquid oxygen under pressure from the exchange lines 5. This oxygen is vaporized by heat exchange with high air pressure.
  • the reservoir 25 is possibly a buffer tank for pumps 43.
  • the number of compressors 42 can be equal to the number of compressors 6, each pair of 6-42 compressors having a shaft and a drive member common.

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Abstract

The installation for the production of large volumes of oxygen and/or nitrogen and/or argon uses the distillation of air. Two or more cold chambers (2A,2B) have a heat exchange line (5A,5B) to chill the air for distillation on one side and, on the other side, an air distillation unit (4A,4B). Systems process the air for distillation, and treat the liquid separated from the air, arranged in parallel. A network has the inflows and/or outflows linked to a common collector (8,10,14,17,18) to collect or redistribute the whole of the air or fluid of the corresponding treatment stage. The treatment methods include turbines (16) and/or pumps (22) and/or reheating units (23) and/or freezing stages.

Description

La présente invention est relative à une installation de production d'oxygène et/ou d'azote et/ou d'argon par distillation d'air. L'invention s'applique par exemple à la production de très grandes quantités d'oxygène sous haute pression, notamment pour l'alimentation d'unités de production d'hydrocarbures synthétiques.The present invention relates to a installation for the production of oxygen and / or nitrogen and / or argon by air distillation. The invention applies by example to the production of very large amounts of oxygen under high pressure, especially for supplying units for the production of synthetic hydrocarbons.

Les pressions dont il est question ici sont des pressions absolues.The pressures discussed here are absolute pressures.

Les unités industrielles de production d'hydrocarbures synthétiques, dites « unités GTL » (Gas-To-Liquids), peuvent avoir une capacité de production de l'ordre de 50 000 barils par jour, ce qui correspond à une consommation d'environ 12 000 tonnes par jour d'oxygène.Industrial production units synthetic hydrocarbons, called “GTL units” (Gas-To-Liquids), can have a production capacity of around 50,000 barrels per day, which corresponds to one consumption of around 12,000 tonnes per day of oxygen.

Pour produire de telles quantités d'oxygène, il est nécessaire de prévoir plusieurs unités de distillation d'air en parallèle, typiquement trois ou quatre unités. De plus, pour amener l'oxygène à la haute pression nécessaire pour le fonctionnement de l'unité GTL, il est avantageux d'amener par pompage à cette haute pression l'oxygène liquide produit par distillation, et de vaporiser le liquide par échange de chaleur avec un fluide calorigène comprimé à une pression suffisante pour permettre la vaporisation d'oxygène, ce fluide calorigène étant typiquement de l'air surpressé. on évite ainsi l'utilisation, toujours délicate, de compresseurs d'oxygène gazeux.To produce such amounts of oxygen, it is necessary to provide several air distillation units in parallel, typically three or four units. Moreover, to bring oxygen to the high pressure necessary for the operation of the GTL unit, it is advantageous to bring by pumping at this high pressure the liquid oxygen produced by distillation, and vaporize the liquid by exchange of heat with circulating fluid compressed to a pressure sufficient to allow vaporization of oxygen, this circulating fluid being typically pressurized air. we thus avoids the always delicate use of gaseous oxygen compressors.

De telles installations sont décrites dans « Oxygen Facilities for Synthetic Fuel Projects » de W.J.Scharle et al., Journal of Engineering for Industry, novembre 1981, Vol.103, pp.409-411.Such facilities are described in "Oxygen Facilities for Synthetic Fuel Projects ”by W.J.Scharle and al., Journal of Engineering for Industry, November 1981, Vol. 103, pp. 409-411.

L'invention a pour but de réduire l'investissement, éventuellement en mettant les équipements à leur taille maximale, et de bénéficier d'une synergie sur les secours, ce qui permettra d'augmenter la fiabilité ces installations.The invention aims to reduce investment, possibly by putting the equipment at their size maximum, and benefit from a synergy on rescue, which will increase the reliability of these installations.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une installation de production d'oxygène et/ou d'azote et/ou d'argon par distillation d'air, comprenant : N(N>1) boítes froides dont chacune comprend d'une part une ligne d'échange thermique pour refroidir l'air à distiller, et d'autre part un appareil de distillation d'air qui produit de l'oxygène et/ou de l'azote et/ou de l'argon ; et des moyens de traitement de l'air qui alimente les appareils de distillation d'air et éventuellement des moyens de traitement d'un fluide provenant des appareils de distillation d'air, ces moyens de traitement de l'air ou les moyens de traitement des fluides comprenant plusieurs équipements montés en parallèle et en réseau avec leurs entrées et/ou leurs sorties reliées à un collecteur commun qui collecte ou redistribue la totalité de l'air ou du fluide de l'étape de traitement correspondante et dans le cas où les moyens de traitement de fluide ont plusieurs équipements montés en parallèle et en réseau, ces moyens de traitement étant des turbines et/ou des pompes et/ou des réchauffeurs et/ou des tours de refroidissement.To this end, the subject of the invention is a installation for the production of oxygen and / or nitrogen and / or argon by air distillation, comprising: N (N> 1) boxes each of which includes on the one hand an exchange line thermal to cool the air to be distilled, and secondly an air distiller that produces oxygen and / or nitrogen and / or argon; and means of air treatment that feeds the appliances air distillation and possibly means of treatment of a fluid coming from the air distillation, these air treatment means or means for treating fluids comprising several equipment mounted in parallel and networked with their inputs and / or outputs connected to a common collector which collects or redistributes all of the air or fluid from the corresponding treatment step and in the case where the fluid treatment means have several equipment mounted in parallel and in a network, these means of treatment being turbines and / or pumps and / or heaters and / or cooling towers.

Ces moyens de traitement se trouvent de préférence en aval des compresseurs d'air principaux, qui servent à comprimer l'air à partir de la pression ambiante.These processing means are preferably found downstream of the main air compressors, which are used to compress the air from ambient pressure.

De préférence les moyens de traitement traitent de l'air destiné à tous les appareils de distillation ou traitent un fluide provenant de tous les appareils de distillation.Preferably the processing means deal with the air intended for all distillation apparatus or process fluid from all distillation.

L'installation suivant l'invention peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • les moyens de traitement d'air comprenant plusieurs équipements montés en parallèle et en réseau sont les premiers moyens de compression d'air atmosphérique et/ou les seconds moyens de préfroidissement de l'air et/ou des troisièmes moyens d'épuration par adsorption de l'air préfroidi et/ou des turbines de détente et/ou des surpresseurs. Les turbines de la revendication 1 peuvent être des turbines d'azote et les pompes des pompes d'azote, d'oxygène ou d'argon.
  • les premiers, seconds et troisièmes moyens de traitement comprennent respectivement N1, N2 et N3 équipements, un au moins des nombres N1, N2, N3 est différent de N, les appareils correspondants étant montés en parallèle avec leurs sorties reliées à un collecteur commun.
  • N2≥2, et les seconds moyens comprennent un dispositif commun de production de fluide réfrigérant.
  • ledit dispositif commun est une tour de refroidissement eau-azote qui comporte un collecteur d'entrée relié à une sortie d'azote résiduaire des N boítes froides.
  • N3≥2, et les troisièmes moyens comprennent un réchauffeur commun pour un gaz de régénération de l'adsorbant.
  • le réchauffeur commun comporte un collecteur d'entrée relié à une sortie d'azote résiduaire des N boítes froides
  • les moyens de traitement comprennent en outre N4 compresseurs de gaz secondaires, notamment des surpresseurs d'air, montés en parallèle avec leurs entrées et leurs sorties reliées à des collecteurs communs, N4 étant éventuellement différent de N, de préférence supérieur à N.
  • N4 = N1, chaque couple compresseur d'air principal-surpresseur d'air comportant un organe moteur commun.
  • chaque boíte froide produit de l'oxygène liquide et/ou de l'azote liquide et/ou de l'argon liquide, et en ce que l'installation comprend N6 pompes d'oxygène liquide et/ou d'azote liquide et/ou d'argon liquide montées en parallèle entre un collecteur d'entrée et un collecteur de sortie commun, reliés respectivement aux N appareils de distillation d'air et aux N lignes d'échange thermique, N6 étant éventuellement différent de N, de préférence supérieur à N.
  • les moyens de traitement comprennent en outre N5 turbines montées en parallèle entre des collecteurs d'entrée et des collecteurs de sortie communs, N5 étant éventuellement différent de N, de préférence supérieur à N.
  • N7 compresseurs finaux d'oxygène gazeux, montés en parallèle entre un collecteur d'entrée et un collecteur de sortie, N7 étant éventuellement différent de N, de préférence supérieur à N.
  • N8 compresseurs d'azote gazeux produit, montés en parallèle entre un collecteur d'entrée et un collecteur de sortie, N8 étant éventuellement différent de N, de préférence supérieur à N.
  • certains au moins desdits équipements en parallèle et en réseau sont au nombre de N+1, chacun de ces équipements ayant la capacité d'alimentation de l'une des N appareils de distillation ou du traitement du fluide de l'une des N appareils de distillation.
  • certains au moins desdits équipements en parallèle et en réseau sont au nombre de N+n1 (n1>1), chacun de ces équipements ayant une capacité inférieure à celle nécessaire pour l'alimentation d'un appareil de distillation ou pour le traitement d'un fluide d'un appareil de distillation.
  • certains au moins desdits équipements en parallèle et en réseau sont au nombre de N-n2 (n2>1), chacun de ces équipements ayant une capacité supérieure à celle nécessaire pour l'alimentation d'un appareil de distillation ou pour le traitement de fluide d'un appareil de distillation.
The installation according to the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the air treatment means comprising several pieces of equipment mounted in parallel and in a network are the first means for compressing atmospheric air and / or the second means for cooling the air and / or third means for purifying by adsorption of pre-cooled air and / or expansion turbines and / or blowers. The turbines of claim 1 can be nitrogen turbines and the pumps nitrogen, oxygen or argon pumps.
  • the first, second and third processing means comprise N1, N2 and N3 equipment respectively, at least one of the numbers N1, N2, N3 is different from N, the corresponding devices being mounted in parallel with their outputs connected to a common collector.
  • N2≥2, and the second means comprise a common device for producing refrigerant.
  • said common device is a water-nitrogen cooling tower which comprises an inlet manifold connected to an outlet for residual nitrogen from the N cold boxes.
  • N3≥2, and the third means comprise a common heater for a gas for regenerating the adsorbent.
  • the common heater has an inlet manifold connected to an outlet for residual nitrogen from the N cold boxes
  • the processing means further comprise N4 secondary gas compressors, in particular air blowers, mounted in parallel with their inputs and outputs connected to common collectors, N4 possibly being different from N, preferably greater than N.
  • N4 = N1, each pair of main air compressor and air blower comprising a common motor member.
  • each cold box produces liquid oxygen and / or liquid nitrogen and / or liquid argon, and in that the installation comprises N6 pumps for liquid oxygen and / or liquid nitrogen and / or liquid argon mounted in parallel between an inlet manifold and a common outlet manifold, connected respectively to the N air distillation apparatuses and to the N heat exchange lines, N6 possibly being different from N, preferably greater than NOT.
  • the processing means further comprise N5 turbines mounted in parallel between common inlet and outlet collectors, N5 possibly being different from N, preferably greater than N.
  • N7 final gaseous oxygen compressors, mounted in parallel between an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold, N7 possibly being different from N, preferably greater than N.
  • N8 compressors of produced nitrogen gas, mounted in parallel between an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold, N8 possibly being different from N, preferably greater than N.
  • at least some of said equipments in parallel and in a network are N + 1, each of these equipments having the capacity to supply one of the N distillation apparatuses or the fluid treatment of one of the N apparatuses distillation.
  • at least some of said equipment in parallel and in a network are N + n1 (n1> 1), each of these equipment having a capacity less than that necessary for the supply of a distillation apparatus or for the treatment of a fluid from a distillation apparatus.
  • at least some of said equipment in parallel and in a network are N-n2 (n2> 1), each of these equipment having a capacity greater than that necessary for the supply of a distillation apparatus or for the treatment of fluid of a distillation apparatus.

Des exemples de réalisation de l'invention vont maintenant être décrits en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la Figure 1 représente très schématiquement une installation conforme à l'invention ;
  • la Figure 2 représente de façon analogue une variante ; et
  • la Figure 3 représente de façon analogue une autre variante.
Examples of embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 very schematically shows an installation according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 similarly shows a variant; and
  • Figure 3 similarly shows another variant.

L'installation représentée à la Figure 1 est destinée à alimenter en oxygène haute pression une ou plusieurs unité(s) GTL 1. La haute pression de production est typiquement comprise entre 30 et 65 bars. nombre suivi du suffixe A, B, ... ., soit par la référence générale constituée du seul nombre.The installation shown in Figure 1 is intended to supply high pressure oxygen one or several GTL unit (s) 1. High production pressure is typically between 30 and 65 bars. number followed by the suffix A, B, ..., or by the general reference consisting of the single number.

Comme représenté schématiquement pour la boíte froide 2A, chaque boíte froide comprend essentiellement un appareil de distillation d'air 4, par exemple une double colonne de distillation, qui produit de l'oxygène gazeux OG, de l'azote gazeux NG et un gaz résiduaire W (azote impur), et éventuellement de l'argon, et une ligne d'échange thermique principale 5A, 5B qui refroidit l'air à distiller à contre-courant des courants issus de l'appareil de distillation associé.As shown schematically for the box cold 2A, each cold box essentially includes a air distillation apparatus 4, for example a double distillation column, which produces gaseous oxygen OG, nitrogen gas NG and a waste gas W (impure nitrogen), and possibly argon, and an exchange line main thermal 5A, 5B which cools the air to be distilled to counter current from the device associated distillation.

Les moyens de traitement 3 en amont de la boíte froide 2 comprennent successivement, d'amont en aval :

  • Cinq compresseurs d'air principaux 6, tous identiques. Ces compresseurs sont montés en parallèle et en réseau à leur sortie, c'est-à-dire que leurs sorties 7 débouchent dans un collecteur commun 8. Ils compriment l'air atmosphérique à la moyenne pression de distillation des appareils 4.
  • - Trois pré-refroidisseurs d'air comprimé 9, tous identiques, réfrigérés par de l'eau d'une manière décrite plus loin. Le collecteur 8 est relié à l'entrée des trois pré-refroidisseurs 9. Les appareils 9 sont ainsi montés en parallèle et en réseau à leur entrée. Ils sont de plus montés en parallèle et en réseau à leur sortie, au moyen d'un collecteur 10 ;
  • - Deux appareils identiques 11 d'épuration d'air en eau et en CO2 par adsorption. Chacun de ces appareils comporte deux bouteilles en parallèle contenant un adsorbant approprié tel qu'un tamis moléculaire, et a son entrée d'air 12 reliée au collecteur 10. Les sorties d'air épuré 13 des appareils 11 débouchent dans un collecteur commun 14. Les appareils 11 sont ainsi montés en parallèle et en réseau à leur entrée et à leur sortie.
    • The processing means 3 upstream of the cold box 2 successively comprise, from upstream to downstream:
  • Five main air compressors 6, all identical. These compressors are mounted in parallel and in a network at their outlet, that is to say that their outlets 7 open into a common manifold 8. They compress atmospheric air at the medium distillation pressure of the devices 4.
  • - Three compressed air pre-coolers 9, all identical, cooled by water in a manner described below. The collector 8 is connected to the input of the three precoolers 9. The devices 9 are thus mounted in parallel and in a network at their input. They are also mounted in parallel and in a network at their output, by means of a collector 10;
  • - Two identical devices 11 for purifying air in water and CO 2 by adsorption. Each of these devices comprises two bottles in parallel containing an appropriate adsorbent such as a molecular sieve, and has its air inlet 12 connected to the manifold 10. The purified air outlets 13 of the devices 11 open into a common manifold 14. The devices 11 are thus mounted in parallel and in a network at their input and at their output.

    • Du collecteur 14 partent deux conduites 15 qui aboutissent respectivement à une entrée d'air moyenne pression de chaque ligne d'échange thermique 5.From the manifold 14 there are two lines 15 which lead respectively to an average air intake pressure of each heat exchange line 5.

    Les moyens de traitement 3 comprennent encore six turbines de détente d'air 16, toutes identiques, qui servent au maintien en froid de l'installation. Les turbines 16 ont leurs entrées reliées à un collecteur 17 d'air moyenne pression refroidi dans les lignes d'échange 5, et leurs sorties sont reliées à un autre collecteur commun 18. Les turbines 16 se trouvent à l'intérieur d'une enceinte isolée ne contenant que ces turbines comme moyens de traitement de l'air.The processing means 3 also include six air expansion turbines 16, all identical, which serve keeping the installation cold. The turbines 16 have their inputs connected to a medium air manifold 17 pressure cooled in the exchange lines 5, and their outputs are connected to another common collector 18. The 16 turbines are located inside an isolated enclosure containing only these turbines as processing means for the air.

    Ces six turbines sont ainsi montées en parallèle et en réseau, à la fois à leur entrée et à leur sortie. Du collecteur 18 partent deux conduites 19 qui aboutissent respectivement à une entrée d'air basse pression de chaque ligne d'échange thermique 5, l'air basse pression refroidi étant insufflé dans la colonne basse pression de chaque appareil 4, éventuellement après une étape de sous-refroidissement. Chaque turbine est freinée par un frein ou un alternateur 20 qui se trouve en dehors de l'enceinte isolée.These six turbines are thus mounted in parallel and network, both at their entry and at their exit. Of manifold 18 leave two pipes 19 which terminate respectively at a low pressure air inlet of each heat exchange line 5, low pressure air cooled being blown into the low pressure column of each device 4, possibly after a step of subcooling. Each turbine is braked by a brake or alternator 20 which is outside of the isolated enclosure.

    Evidemment les conduites 19 peuvent aboutir à une entrée d'air moyenne pression si l'air fourni aux turbines 16 est à une pression plus élevée que la moyenne pression.Obviously the pipes 19 can lead to a medium pressure air inlet if the air supplied to the turbines 16 is at a higher pressure than the medium pressure.

    De même, le collecteur 17 peut être relié à une entrée d'azote moyenne pression provenant de l'appareil 4 et l'azote détendu peut être mis à l'air en passant par le collecteur 18.Similarly, the collector 17 can be connected to a medium pressure nitrogen inlet from device 4 and the expanded nitrogen can be vented through the collector 18.

    Les moyens de traitement 3 comprennent encore :

    • au moins une tour commune 21 de refroidissement à l'azote résiduaire de l'eau destinée aux trois pré-refroidisseurs 9. Cette tour est alimentée en azote résiduaire via un collecteur 22' relié à une sortie de résiduaire des deux lignes d'échange 5, et produit de l'eau réfrigérée dans un collecteur 122 relié aux trois pré-refroidisseurs ; et
    • au moins un réchauffeur commun 23 de l'azote résiduaire de régénération de l'adsorbant des appareils 9. Cet azote résiduaire provient d'un collecteur 24 relié à une autre sortie de résiduaire des deux lignes d'échange 5.Le au moins un réchauffeur commun est relié à un collecteur 125.
    The processing means 3 also include:
    • at least one common tower 21 for cooling the residual nitrogen of the water intended for the three precoolers 9. This tower is supplied with residual nitrogen via a manifold 22 'connected to a residual outlet of the two exchange lines 5 , and produces chilled water in a collector 122 connected to the three precoolers; and
    • at least one common heater 23 of the residual nitrogen for regenerating the adsorbent of the devices 9. This residual nitrogen comes from a collector 24 connected to another waste outlet of the two exchange lines 5.The at least one heater common is connected to a collector 125.

    Du fait de la présence des collecteurs 8 d'air comprimé humide, 10 d'air comprimé pré-refroidi, 14 d'air épuré, 17 d'air moyenne pression refroidi à l'entrée des turbines de détente 16 et 18 d'air détendu, qui mettent la totalité du débit de ces fluides en réseau, la défaillance d'un équipement peut être facilement compensée par les autres équipements du même type.Due to the presence of air collectors 8 wet tablet, 10 pre-cooled compressed air, 14 air purified, 17 medium pressure air cooled at the inlet of expansion air turbines 16 and 18, which put the total flow of these fluids in the network, failure of equipment can be easily compensated by other equipment of the same type.

    La mise en réseau d'équipements permet de plus de découpler le nombre d'appareils en parallèle du nombre N (ici N = 2) de boítes froides, et également de découpler les nombres d'appareils successifs en parallèle, pourvu que les capacités de traitement des appareils en question soient choisies de façon appropriée. Une optimisation de la taille de chaque équipement est ainsi rendue possible.The networking of equipment allows more decouple the number of devices in parallel with the number N (here N = 2) of cold boxes, and also to decouple the successive numbers of devices in parallel, provided that the processing capabilities of the devices in question be chosen appropriately. Size optimization of each piece of equipment is thus made possible.

    En particulier, l'utilisation de (N + 1) équipements en parallèle et en réseau (ce qui est le cas des pré-refroidisseurs 9) permet de bénéficier d'un équipement de secours pour les N autres, dont chacun a la capacité correspondant à une boíte froide 2.In particular, the use of (N + 1) equipment in parallel and in network (which is the case of pre-coolers 9) allows you to benefit from rescue for the N others, each of which has the capacity corresponding to a cold box 2.

    Dans l'installation de la Figure 1, d'autres équipements, situés en aval des précédents, sont également montés en parallèle et en réseau, à leur entrée et à leur sortie :

    • trois pompes 22 de vaporisation de secours, montées en parallèle entre un collecteur d'aspiration 123 et un collecteur de refoulement 24. Le collecteur 123 est relié à un réservoir 25 de stockage d'oxygène liquide ou d'azote liquide produit par les appareils 4A et 4B, alimenté par un collecteur 26. En cas d'insuffisance de fourniture à l'unité 1 du gaz correspondant, le débit nécessaire est prélevé, à la même pression, dans le collecteur 24, et vaporisé dans un échangeur de secours 27 à air ou à eau.
    • deux compresseurs finaux d'azote 28, montés en parallèle entre un collecteur d'aspiration 29 et un collecteur de refoulement 30. Ces compresseurs amènent l'azote gazeux à la haute pression d'alimentation de l'unité 1.
    • éventuellement, quatre compresseurs finaux d'oxygène 31, montés en parallèle entre un collecteur d'aspiration 32 et un collecteur de refoulement 33. Ces compresseurs amènent l'oxygène gazeux à la haute pression d'alimentation de l'unité 1.
    In the installation of Figure 1, other equipment, located downstream from the previous ones, is also mounted in parallel and in a network, at their input and at their output:
    • three emergency vaporization pumps 22, mounted in parallel between a suction manifold 123 and a discharge manifold 24. The manifold 123 is connected to a tank 25 for storing liquid oxygen or liquid nitrogen produced by the apparatus 4A and 4B, supplied by a manifold 26. In the event of insufficient supply to the unit 1 of the corresponding gas, the necessary flow rate is taken, at the same pressure, in the manifold 24, and vaporized in an emergency exchanger 27 to air or water.
    • two final nitrogen compressors 28, mounted in parallel between a suction manifold 29 and a discharge manifold 30. These compressors bring the nitrogen gas to the high supply pressure of unit 1.
    • possibly, four final oxygen compressors 31, mounted in parallel between a suction manifold 32 and a discharge manifold 33. These compressors bring the gaseous oxygen to the high supply pressure of unit 1.

    Comme représenté, chaque collecteur 29,32 est relié à un collecteur respectif 34, 35 qui recueille le gaz correspondant réchauffé par les lignes d'échange thermique 5A et 5B. Si nécessaire, un débit de chaque gaz peut être prélevé de ces collecteurs, comme illustré en 36, 37.As shown, each collector 29,32 is connected to a respective manifold 34, 35 which collects the gas correspondent heated by heat exchange lines 5A and 5B. If necessary, a flow rate for each gas can be taken from these collectors, as illustrated in 36, 37.

    La variante de la Figure 2 diffère de la précédente par le remplacement des freins 20 des turbines 16, par autant de surpresseurs ou « boosters » 38. Chacun de ces surpresseurs est calé sur l'arbre de la turbine correspondante. Les surpresseurs sont montés en parallèle entre un collecteur d'entrée 39 et un collecteur de sortie 40 ; ce dernier est relié au collecteur 17 via deux circuits de refroidissement partiel 41 passant dans les lignes d'échange 5A et 5B.The variant of Figure 2 differs from the previous one by replacing the brakes 20 of the turbines 16, by as many boosters or “boosters” 38. Each of these boosters is wedged on the turbine shaft corresponding. The boosters are mounted in parallel between an input collector 39 and an output collector 40; the latter is connected to the collector 17 via two circuits partial cooling 41 passing through the lines exchange 5A and 5B.

    Les turbines 16 seront encore une fois situées dans une enceinte isolée.The turbines 16 will once again be located in an isolated enclosure.

    L'installation de la Figure 3 diffère de la précédente par l'ajout de quatre compresseurs d'air secondaires 42 traitant une fraction du débit d'air entrant, et de cinq pompes d'oxygène liquide 43. Les compresseurs 42 sont montés en parallèle entre un collecteur d'aspiration 44 relié au collecteur 14, et un collecteur de refoulement 45 relié à des entrées d'air haute pression des lignes d'échange 5A et 5B. Les pompes 43 sont montées en parallèle entre un collecteur d'aspiration 46, qui reçoit l'oxygène liquide basse pression issu des appareils 4, et un collecteur de refroidissement 47, relié à des entrées d'oxygène liquide sous pression des lignes d'échange 5. Cet oxygène est vaporisé par échange de chaleur avec l'air haute pression.The installation in Figure 3 differs from the previous by adding four air compressors secondary 42 treating a fraction of the incoming air flow, and five liquid oxygen pumps 43. The compressors 42 are mounted in parallel between a suction manifold 44 connected to the manifold 14, and a discharge manifold 45 connected to high pressure air inlets of the lines exchange 5A and 5B. The pumps 43 are mounted in parallel between a suction manifold 46, which receives oxygen low pressure liquid from devices 4, and a cooling manifold 47, connected to inputs liquid oxygen under pressure from the exchange lines 5. This oxygen is vaporized by heat exchange with high air pressure.

    Dans ce cas, le réservoir 25 est éventuellement un réservoir-tampon pour les pompes 43.In this case, the reservoir 25 is possibly a buffer tank for pumps 43.

    En variante, le nombre de compresseurs 42 peut être égal au nombre de compresseurs 6, chaque couple de compresseurs 6-42 ayant un arbre et un organe moteur communs. Alternatively, the number of compressors 42 can be equal to the number of compressors 6, each pair of 6-42 compressors having a shaft and a drive member common.

    Du fait de la présente des collecteurs 44,45 qui permettent de mettre la totalité de l'air à l'entrée et à la sortie des surpresseurs 42 en réseau, la défaillance d'un équipement peut être facilement compensée par les autres équipements.Due to the present 44,45 collectors which allow to put all the air at the inlet and at the outlet of networked blowers 42, the failure of a equipment can be easily offset by others equipment.

    Claims (14)

    Installation de production d'oxygène et/ou d'azote et/ou d'argon par distillation d'air, comprenant : N(N>1) boítes froides (2) dont chacune comprend d'une part une ligne d'échange thermique (5) pour refroidir l'air à distiller, et d'autre part un appareil de distillation d'air (4) qui produit de l'oxygène et/ou de l'azote et/ou de l'argon ; et des moyens (3) de traitement de l'air qui alimente les appareils de distillation d'air et éventuellement des moyens de traitement d'un fluide provenant des appareils de distillation d'air, ces moyens de traitement de l'air ou les moyens de traitement des fluides comprenant plusieurs équipements montés en parallèle et en réseau avec leurs entrées et/ou leurs sorties reliées à un collecteur commun (8, 10, 14, 17, 18, 22, 24, 39, 40, 44, 45, 46, 47, 122, 123, 125) qui collecte ou redistribue la totalité de l'air ou du fluide de l'étape de traitement correspondante et dans le cas où les moyens de traitement de fluide ont plusieurs équipements montés en parallèle et en réseau, ces moyens de traitement étant des turbines (16), et/ou des pompes (22,43), et/ou des réchauffeurs (23), et/ou des tours de refroidissement (22).Installation of oxygen production and / or nitrogen and / or argon by air distillation, comprising: N (N> 1) cold boxes (2) each of which comprises on the one hand a heat exchange line (5) for cooling the air to distill, and on the other hand an air distillation apparatus (4) which produces oxygen and / or nitrogen and / or argon; and air treatment means (3) which supplies the air distillation apparatus and possibly means for treating a fluid from air distillation devices, these means of air treatment or the means for treating fluids comprising several pieces of equipment mounted in parallel and network with their inputs and / or outputs connected to a common collector (8, 10, 14, 17, 18, 22, 24, 39, 40, 44, 45, 46, 47, 122, 123, 125) which collects or redistributes the all of the air or fluid in the treatment step corresponding and in the event that the processing means of fluid have multiple equipment mounted in parallel and in network, these processing means being turbines (16), and / or pumps (22,43), and / or heaters (23), and / or cooling towers (22). Installation suivant la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que les moyens de traitement d'air comprenant plusieurs équipements montés en parallèle et en réseau sont les premiers moyens (6) de compression d'air atmosphérique et/ou les seconds moyens (9) de préfroidissement de l'air et/ou des troisièmes moyens (11) d'épuration par adsorption de l'air préfroidi et/ou des turbines de détente (16) et/ou des surpresseurs (38, 42).Installation according to claim 1 characterized in that the air treatment means comprising several pieces of equipment mounted in parallel and in a network are the first means (6) for compressing atmospheric air and / or the second means (9) for pre-cooling the air and / or third means (11) of purification by adsorption of the pre-cooled air and / or the expansion turbines (16) and / or the blowers (38, 42). Installation suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les premiers (6), seconds (9) et troisièmes (11) moyens de traitement comprennent respectivement N1, N2 et N3 équipements, et ce que l'un au moins des nombres N1, N2, N3 est différent de N, les appareils correspondants étant montés en parallèle avec leurs sorties reliées à un collecteur commun (8, 10, 14, 17, 18) . Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the first (6), second (9) and third (11) processing means comprise respectively N1, N2 and N3 equipment, and that at least one of the numbers N1, N2 , N3 is different from N, the corresponding devices being mounted in parallel with their outputs connected to a common collector (8, 10, 14, 17, 18). Installation suivant la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que N2≥2, et en ce que les seconds moyens (9) comprennent au moins un dispositif commun (21) de production de fluide réfrigérant.Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that N2≥2, and in that the second means (9) comprise at least one common device (21) for producing refrigerant. Installation suivant la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que ledit (lesdits) dispositif(s) commun(s) (21) est une tour de refroidissement eau-azote qui comporte un collecteur d'entrée (22) relié à une sortie d'azote résiduaire des N boítes froides (2) et à un collecteur de sortie (122).Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that said (said) common device (s) (21) is a water-nitrogen cooling tower which comprises an inlet manifold (22) connected to a nitrogen outlet waste from the N cold boxes (2) and to an outlet manifold (122). Installation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisée en ce que N3≥2, et en ce que les troisièmes moyens (11) comprennent au moins un réchauffeur commun (23) pour un gaz de régénération de l'adsorbant.Installation according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that N3≥2, and in that the third means (11) comprise at least one common heater (23) for a gas for regenerating the adsorbent. Installation suivant la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le(s) réchauffeur(s) commun(s) comporte(nt) un collecteur d'entrée (24) relié à une sortie d'azote résiduaire des N boítes froides (2) et un collecteur de sortie (125) .Installation according to claim 6, characterized in that the common heater (s) comprises (s) an inlet manifold (24) connected to an outlet for residual nitrogen from the N cold boxes (2) and an outlet manifold (125). Installation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de traitement (3) comprennent en outre N4 surpresseurs d'air (38, 42), montés en parallèle avec leurs entrées et leurs sorties reliées à des collecteurs communs (34, 35, 39, 40, 44, 45), N4 étant éventuellement différent de N.Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the treatment means (3) further comprise N4 air blowers (38, 42), mounted in parallel with their inputs and outputs connected to collectors common (34, 35, 39, 40, 44, 45), N4 possibly being different from N. Installation suivant la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que N4 = N1, chaque couple compresseur d'air principal (6)-surpresseur d'air (42) comportant un organe moteur commun.Installation according to claim 8, characterized in that N4 = N1, each pair of main air compressor (6) -air blower (42) comprising a common drive member. Installation suivant la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisée en ce que chaque boíte froide (2) produit de l'oxygène liquide et/ou de l'azote liquide, et en ce que l'installation comprend N6 pompes d'oxygène liquide et/ou d'azote liquide et/ou d'argon liquide (43) montées en parallèle entre un collecteur d'entrée (46) et un collecteur de sortie commun (47), reliés respectivement aux N appareils de distillation, d'air (4) et aux N lignes d'échange thermique (5), N6 étant éventuellement différent de N.Installation according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that each cold box (2) produces liquid oxygen and / or liquid nitrogen, and in that the installation comprises N6 liquid oxygen pumps and / or liquid nitrogen and / or liquid argon (43) mounted in parallel between an inlet manifold (46) and a common outlet manifold (47), connected respectively to the N distillation apparatuses, of air (4) and to the N heat exchange lines (5), N6 possibly being different from N. Installation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de traitement (3) comprennent en outre N5 turbines (16) montés en parallèle entre des collecteurs d'entrée (17) et des collecteurs de sortie (18) communs, N5 étant éventuellement différent de N.Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the processing means (3) further comprise N5 turbines (16) mounted in parallel between inlet collectors (17) and outlet collectors (18 ) common, N5 possibly being different from N. Installation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce que certains au moins desdits équipements en parallèle et en réseau sont au nombre de N+1, chacun de ces équipements ayant la capacité d'alimentation de l'un des N appareils de distillation d'air (4) ou la capacité de traitement de fluide pour l'un des N appareils de distillation d'air (4).Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least some of said equipment in parallel and in a network are N + 1, each of these equipment having the supply capacity of one of the N air distillers (4) or the fluid handling capacity for one of the N air distillers (4). Installation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce que certains au moins desdits équipements en parallèle et en réseau sont au nombre de N+n1 (n1>1), chacun de ces équipements ayant une capacité inférieure à celle nécessaire pour l'alimentation d'un appareil de distillation(4) ou pour le traitement de fluide d'un appareil de distillation (4).Installation according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that at least some of said equipment in parallel and in a network are N + n1 (n1> 1), each of these equipment having a capacity less than that necessary for the supply of a distillation apparatus (4) or for the treatment of fluid of a distillation apparatus (4). Installation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce que certains au moins desdits équipements en parallèle et en réseau sont au nombre de N-n2 (n2>1), chacun de ces équipements ayant une capacité supérieure à celle nécessaire pour l'alimentation d'un appareil de distillation(4) ou pour le traitement de fluide d'un appareil de distillation (4).Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that at least some of said equipment in parallel and in a network are among N-n2 (n2> 1), each of these equipment having a capacity greater than that necessary for the supply of a distillation apparatus (4) or for the treatment of fluid of a distillation apparatus (4).
    EP03292050A 2002-09-11 2003-08-19 Apparatus for producing high amounts of oxygen and/or nitrogen Withdrawn EP1398585A1 (en)

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    FR0211232A FR2844344B1 (en) 2002-09-11 2002-09-11 PLANT FOR PRODUCTION OF LARGE QUANTITIES OF OXYGEN AND / OR NITROGEN
    FR0211232 2002-09-11

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    US6945076B1 (en) 2005-09-20

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