EP1398415B1 - Dismountable bridge - Google Patents

Abstract

The transportable bridge has two track carriers (3) as frames with a triangular cross section with a girder profile (O,U) at each corner of the triangle. Two triangle points are at the same level with the third point above them, and with diagonal struts (D). The triangular frame structures are bonded together (K) at the upper and lower girders. The lateral track carriers (5) are locked together in a force fit and lie on the frame bonding points, locked to them in a force fit. The track planks (7) lie along the bridge length, locked to the lateral carriers with a force fit. The lateral carriers are pushed wholly through the track carriers, and are locked to them in a force fit, so that the gaps are fixed between the two frame planes at the under side of a track carrier and also the two track carriers. The lateral carriers and the track planks are formed by extruded tubular profiles of compound fiber materials.

Description

The invention relates to a collapsible bridge, i. a transportable bridge for mobile use.

From the DE 195 10 582 A1 is a transportable bridge known, the track carrier are connected by means of cross-beams frictionally. A cross member forms a part of the lower belt. In addition, aligned in the longitudinal direction of the bridge roadway planks are connected non-positively with the cross members. The track carriers each comprise two truss levels of diagonal struts, lower and upper girth. This the track carrier forming items are each connected to each other by means of releasable connections.

The DE 2 250 013 A1 describes a transportable bridge whose track carriers have a triangular cross-section. At each triangle point there is a belt profile. The two base sides of the track carrier each consist of a so-called Vierendeel carrier. It is a frame-like support structure with additional diagonal braces. The track carriers can not be changed in their geometry. The cross members connected to the track carriers have collided with the track carriers.

The EP 0 600 321 A1 describes a verlegbare bridge, the track carrier are designed as truss girders with trapezoidal cross-section. At each corner point of the trapezoidal cross-section, a belt profile is present, so that each track carrier comprises two upper belts and two lower belts. The two upper straps are held together by means of buckles. The two track carriers are frictionally connected by cross members, wherein the cross member completely through the Spur carrier inserted and frictionally connected with these. The cross members are located at the joint and in the middle of each bridge section at locations where no truss node is present. In the longitudinal direction of the bridge aligned roadway planks are positively connected to the cross members.

1. 1. geringer Transportraumbedarf,
2. 2. geringes Gewicht.

Transportable bridge must be transported cheapest possible cost. Two features are especially important for this:

1. 1. low transport space requirement,
2. 2. low weight.

This is especially true when the bridges have to be transported over long distances as air freight

In order to realize lightweight bridge structures, the dimensions, in particular the height of the bending beam of the supporting structure, must be as high as possible and the materials used as light as possible, firm and stiff.

In order to realize bridge structures with the lowest possible transport space requirement, the components must be as small as possible and above all well stackable.

Here is a conflict of objectives, which is to be solved by the present invention.

• die tragenden Biegeträger möglichst hoch gewählt werden können,
• der Einsatz von leichten, festen und steifen Werkstoffen, insbesondere Faserwerkstoffen, effektiv erfolgen kann,
• sie mit möglichst geringem Platzbedarf transportiert werden kann
• sie schnell auf- und rückgebaut werden kann.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a bridge that allows that

• the load-bearing bending beams can be chosen as high as possible,
• the use of lightweight, strong and rigid materials, in particular fiber materials, can be carried out effectively,
• It can be transported with the least possible space
• It can be quickly assembled and dismantled.

This object is achieved with the bridge according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the bridge are the subject of dependent claims.

• sie umfasst zwei Spurträger, die als Fachwerkträger mit dreieckigem Querschnitt ausgebildet sind, wobei zwei Ecken des dreieckigen Querschnitts auf gleicher Höhe liegen, und die dritte Ecke hierzu oberhalb liegt, wobei jeweils zwischen einem der unteren Dreieckspunkte und dem oberen Dreieckspunkt des Spurträgerquerschnitts eine Fachwerkebene aus Diagonalstreben, Unter- und Obergurt gebildet ist, wobei an den Stellen der Verbindung von zwei Diagonalstreben und einem Untergurt bzw. Obergurt untere bzw. obere Fachwerknoten gebildet sind,
• die beiden Spurträger sind durch Querträger kraftschlüssig verbunden,
• es sind in Brückenlängsrichtung ausgerichtete Fahrbahnbohlen vorhanden, die mit den Querträgern kraftschlüssig verbunden sind,
• die Querträger sind vollständig durch die Spurträger hindurchgesteckt und kraftschlüssig mit diesen verbunden, so dass die Querträger den Abstand der beiden Fachwerkebenen an der Unterseite eines Spurträgers sowie die Spurträger untereinander fixieren. Dabei liegen die Querträger auf den unteren Knoten der beiden Fachwerkebenen eines Spurträgers auf und sind mit diesen kraftschlüssig verbunden.
• die beiden Fachwerkebenen eines Spurträgers sind am oberen Dreieckspunkt des Spurträgerquerschnitts mit einem Scharnier verbunden, so dass die Spurträger bei zurück gebauter Brücke zusammengeklappt werden können.

The bridge according to the invention is constructed as follows:

• it comprises two track carriers, which are designed as truss girders with triangular cross-section, with two corners of the triangular cross-section lying at the same height, and the third corner is above it, wherein each between one of the lower triangular points and the upper triangle point of the track carrier cross section a truss plane diagonal struts , Lower and upper strap is formed, wherein at the locations of the connection of two diagonal struts and a lower chord or upper chord lower or upper trumpet notes are formed,
• the two track carriers are frictionally connected by crossbeams,
• there are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the bridge roadway planks, which are positively connected to the cross members,
• the cross members are completely inserted through the track carrier and positively connected thereto, so that the cross member fix the distance between the two truss levels at the bottom of a track carrier and the track carrier with each other. In this case, the cross member are on the lower node of the two truss levels of a track carrier and are connected to these frictionally.
• The two truss levels of a track carrier are connected at the upper triangular point of the track carrier cross section with a hinge, so that the track carrier can be folded when the bridge is back.

Such a constructed bridge has the following advantages:

The breakdown of the bridge into individual, mostly flat and well stackable elements requires little transport space.

The breakdown of the bridge into individual predominantly one- or two-dimensionally stressed elements, the conditions for the use of fiber composites are given and thus low weights possible.

The described construction of the track carrier creates the prerequisite for a simple folding of the track carrier. The volume of the track carrier is significantly reduced by the folding of the two truss levels for transport. The static interconnection of each of the two truss levels is not resolved when collapsing. The static composite of the two truss levels is realized by optimal solutions inseparable connections. There are therefore no loose fasteners that could easily be lost in the field in the rain, ice and snow and in the dark. The preparation of the necessary for the application unfolded shape of the track carrier from the required for transport volume-saving folded form is possible with minimal expenditure of time without any tools.

The cross beams and the roadway planks are not primary structures, i. Their failure does not necessarily trigger the failure of the bridge as a whole.

Crossbeams, roadway boards and ramps can also be exchanged when the bridge is already built.

Due to the low weight of the bridge, it requires a correspondingly low counterweight when laying.

Advantageously, the track carriers are coupled together in the bridge longitudinal direction from one or more track carrier sections. The track carriers are terminated at their ends with end pieces. These can simultaneously serve as supports of the bridge.

Typical spans of the bridge according to the invention are in the range up to about 30 m.

Fig. 1

eine erfindungsgemäße Brücke aus mehreren Brückenabschnitten in Seitenansicht sowie in Schnittdarstellung (Schnitt quer zur Brückenlängsrichtung);

Fig. 2

die Ausführung einer erfindungsgemäßen Brücke mit gekröpftem Querträger in Schnittdarstellung.

Fig. 3

einen klappbaren Spurträgerabschnitt gemäß einer weiteren Ausführung der Erfindung in Seitenansicht, Draufsicht sowie in Schnittdarstellung (im ausgeklappten sowie im eingeklappten Zustand);

Fig. 4

eine weitere Ausführung eines klappbaren Spurträgers in Schnittdarstellung im ausgeklappten sowie im eingeklappten Zustand.

The invention will be explained in more detail by means of embodiments with reference to drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a bridge according to the invention of several bridge sections in side view and in a sectional view (section transverse to the bridge longitudinal direction);

Fig. 2

the execution of a bridge according to the invention with cranked cross member in a sectional view.

Fig. 3

a foldable track carrier section according to a further embodiment of the invention in side view, plan view and in sectional view (in the unfolded as well as in the folded state);

Fig. 4

another embodiment of a folding track carrier in a sectional view in the unfolded as well as in the folded state.

Fig. 1 shows the execution of a bridge B according to the invention in several views. It comprises two track carriers 3, which are designed as truss girders with triangular cross-section. The track carriers 3 are coupled together in this embodiment of three track carrier sections 31 along the bridge longitudinal direction and terminated at their ends with end pieces E. The end pieces E are coupled to the outer bridge section and form defined supports of the bridge.

Between the end pieces E of the track carrier 3 Auffahrhilfen AF are arranged to bridge the difference in height between the shore and the upper edge of the bridge carriageway.

At each triangle point in the cross section of the track carrier 3 Gurtprofile O, U are arranged, the two lower, located at the same height Gurtprofile U form lower chords, and located at the upper triangle point Gurtprofil O forms the upper flange.

The coupling together of the individual track carrier sections 31 is advantageously carried out on the top flange O and the two bottom straps U, which may be formed at their ends as eye rod connections. The coupling points between the individual track carrier sections 31 are denoted by 11.

A track carrier 3 has two truss levels, which is spanned in each case between the upper triangle point and one of the two lower triangular points. Down the track carrier 3 is open. However, between the two lower straps for further Austeifung additional demountable diagonal bars are used as a wind band

The places where the diagonal struts D of the truss meet on lower or upper chord U, O are referred to as truss node K.

The truss corresponds to the framework definition according to Cremona. The latter is defined by the condition s = 2 * n - 3 with s = number of rods and n = number of nodes. Such a framework can be optimally designed for low weight and rigid.

The track carrier 3 are connected by cross members 5. The cross member 5 are located on the lower node K of the two truss levels of the track carrier 3 and are connected to these non-positively. The cross member 5 are completely inserted through the track carrier 3, so that they fix the distance between the two truss levels at the bottom of the track carrier 3 and the two track carrier 3 to each other.

The cross member 5 are on the base side of the triangle, which is formed by the diagonal struts D and the Gurtprofile O, U, on. As a result, the forces that derives the cross member 5 in the track carrier 3, directly and positively introduced into the diagonal D without burdening the lower flange U by forces transverse to its main direction of stress. The attachment of the cross member 5 to the track carriers 3 is used only to fix the unfolded truss levels and the track carrier with each other, but not the transmission of the derived from the cross member in the track carrier traffic loads.

In the execution after Fig. 2 the cross member 5 are cranked in the region of the transition from the road to the track carrier 3, so that the cross member in the road area are deeper than inside a track carrier.

On the cross members 5 are - aligned in the bridge span direction - so-called pavements 7, which carry the traffic loads and the cross member 5 settle. The roadway planks 7 represent the roadway of the bridge. They are frictionally connected to the cross members 5.

Cross beams 5 and pavements 7 may advantageously consist of tubular composite fiber profiles, e.g. can be produced inexpensively by extrusion.

The two truss levels of a track carrier 3 are connected at the upper triangle point by a hinge S ( Fig. 3 ). Each truss level carries half a top flange OH. Within a truss level, the individual parts forming them (diagonal struts D, belt profiles O, U) are connected to each other by means of permanent connection means.

Due to the described possibility of folding the track carrier, they require only a comparatively small amount of storage space even at high heights. The production of the unfolded form of the necessary for transport folded form of the track carrier is possible quickly and without tools.

In the in Fig. 3 In the embodiment shown, the lower straps U of a track carrier 3 in the unfolded state are aligned in the direction of the associated truss plane, ie a longitudinal side of the lower belt U (the longer side of the rectangular lower belt) lies parallel to the truss plane.

An alternative to this is in the Fig. 4 shown. In this case, a lower flange U is vertically aligned in the unfolded state, ie a longitudinal side of the lower chord (the longer side of the rectangular lower chord) is vertical.

Claims (7)

1. Dismountable bridge

   - comprising two track carriers (3) which are designed as truss girders, wherein truss planes are formed from diagonal struts, lower chord and upper chord, and wherein lower or upper truss nodes (K) are formed at the points of connection of two diagonal struts (D) and a lower chord (U) or upper chord (O),

   - the two track carriers (3) are connected in a force-fitting manner by means of transoms (5),

   - the transoms (5) are plugged completely through the track carriers (3) and connected thereto in a force-fitting manner, with the result that the transoms (5) fix the distance between the truss planes at the lower side of a track carrier (3) and also the two track carriers (3) with respect to one another,

   - roadway planks (7) which are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the bridge and which are connected in a force-fitting manner to the transoms (5) are present,

   characterized in that

   - the cross section of a truss girder is designed to be triangular, wherein exactly one chord profile (O, U) is present at each triangle point, and wherein two corners of the triangular cross section are situated at the same level, and the third corner is situated above this level, wherein a truss plane composed of diagonal struts (D), lower chord (U) and upper chord (O) is formed in each case between one of the lower triangle points and the upper triangle point, and the two truss planes of a track carrier (3) are provided at the upper triangle point of the track carrier cross section with a hinge (S) having a common hinge axis (X) about which the track carriers (3) can be folded up when the bridge is dismantled,

   - wherein the transoms (5) rest on the lower nodes (K) of the two truss planes of a track carrier (3) and are connected in a force-fitting manner to these nodes.
2. Dismountable bridge according to Claim 1, characterized in that a longitudinal side of a lower chord (U) situated at the lower triangle points of a track carrier (3) is oriented parallel to the associated truss plane.
3. Dismountable bridge according to Claim 1, characterized in that a longitudinal side of a lower chord situated at the lower triangle points of a track carrier (3) is oriented vertically.
4. Dismountable bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transoms (5) and/or the roadway planks (7) are composed of extruded, tubular fibre composite profiles.
5. Dismountable bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transoms (5) are bent off at the transition region to the track carriers (3).
6. Dismountable bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the track carriers (3) are coupled together in the longitudinal direction of the bridge from one or more track carrier sections (31).
7. Dismountable bridge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the track carriers are coupled at their ends with end pieces (E) which form the bearings of the bridge.

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