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EP1358707A1 - Belüftungsvorrichtung für eine elektrische maschine, insbesondere für den kraftfahrzeugbereich - Google Patents

Belüftungsvorrichtung für eine elektrische maschine, insbesondere für den kraftfahrzeugbereich

Info

Publication number
EP1358707A1
EP1358707A1 EP02704797A EP02704797A EP1358707A1 EP 1358707 A1 EP1358707 A1 EP 1358707A1 EP 02704797 A EP02704797 A EP 02704797A EP 02704797 A EP02704797 A EP 02704797A EP 1358707 A1 EP1358707 A1 EP 1358707A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
rotor
blade
ventilation device
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02704797A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Claudiu Vasilescu
Ruyi Fang
David Huart
Guillaume Tromeur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS filed Critical Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
Publication of EP1358707A1 publication Critical patent/EP1358707A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49236Fluid pump or compressor making
    • Y10T29/49245Vane type or other rotary, e.g., fan

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ventilation device for a rotating electrical machine, in particular for a motor vehicle alternator, as well as to a machine provided with such a device.
  • a rotary electrical machine of the single-phase or polyphase type comprises at least two parts arranged in a coaxial manner, namely a rotor and a stator, one constituting an armature and the other an inductor.
  • the rotor generally carries, at least at one axial end, a fan for cooling the machine.
  • a fan for cooling the machine.
  • at least one of the armature-inductor elements has a coil which heats up so that it must be cooled for the machine to function properly.
  • This machine most often carries electronic components as well as ball bearings which must also be cooled using an air circulation or, in general, a cooling fluid, generated by the fan.
  • FIG. 1 shows a polyphase rotary electrical machine in the form of a three-phase alternator for a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine.
  • the alternator comprises, going from the left to the right of FIG.
  • a drive pulley 10 secured to the front end of a shaft 12, of which the rear end carries slip rings (not referenced) belonging to a manifold 14.
  • the axis of the shaft 12 constitutes the axis of rotation of the machine.
  • the shaft 12 carries the rotor 16 for fixing, which is provided with an excitation winding 18, the ends of which are connected by wire connections to the collector 14.
  • the rotor 16 for fixing, which is provided with an excitation winding 18, the ends of which are connected by wire connections to the collector 14.
  • the rotor 16 is here a claw rotor, that is to say a rotor provided externally with reliefs delimiting between them a coolant flow passage, and therefore comprises two pole wheels 20, 22, respectively front and rear, bearing each a front fan 24 and a rear fan 26 respectively.
  • These fans 24, 26 comprise a first series of blades or blades, which provide ventilation channels between them.
  • the blades are obtained by cutting and folding a fixed flange, for example by welding or by any other suitable means such as crimping, on the pole wheel 20, 22 concerned.
  • Each wheel has axial teeth directed towards the other wheel with nesting of the teeth from one wheel to another for the formation of magnetic poles when the winding 18 is activated by means of the collector rings of the collector 14 which are each in contact with a brush. (not referenced) carried by a brush holder 28 also serving as a support for a voltage regulator (not shown).
  • the stator 30, for its part, forms the armature of the alternator and surrounds the rotor 16.
  • the body 32 internally provided with axial notches (not shown) for the passage of wires or pins that comprise the windings 34 of the stator 30.
  • These windings 34 are provided with chignon (not referenced) extending, on the one hand, projecting from either side of the body 32 and, on the other hand, radially above the fans 24, 26.
  • These fans 24, 26 extend in the vicinity respectively of a front bearing 36 and d 'a rear bearing 38.
  • the bearings 36, 38 are perforated for internal ventilation of the alternator via the fans 24, 26 when the latter are rotated by the pulley 10, which is connected to the engine of the motor vehicle by a transmission device comprising at least one belt engaged with the pulley.
  • This ventilation makes it possible to cool the windings 18, 34 as well as the brush holder 28 with its regulator as well as a rectifying device 40 which is associated with it.
  • the path of the air in the alternator is essentially radial.
  • the electrical flow rates requested from the alternator greatly increase with the increase in the number and power of the consumption elements on board motor vehicles. This increase in the electric flow generates a consecutive increase in the temperature of the hottest parts of the alternator such as the diodes of the rectifying device 40, the bearings, the rotor, etc.
  • the ventilation device with which the alternator is provided although being sufficiently effective to ensure the cooling of the various elements of the alternator for relatively moderate electrical flow rates, is ineffective for higher flow rates.
  • alternators are provided with water cooling circuits mainly fitted to the stator.
  • the rectifier is also effectively cooled.
  • the rotor which does not have a cooling circuit, can reach very high temperatures.
  • alternators are provided with two centrifugal fans, arranged on either side, and of different dimensioning so that a pressure gradient appears which generates an air flow in an axial manner.
  • this type of ventilation device is relatively large, since the fan is generally not carried by the rotor, but axially offset therefrom.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art.
  • a ventilation device for a rotary electrical machine comprising a rotor provided externally with reliefs delimiting between them so-called cooling channels for circulation of a cooling fluid and a stator, the rotor is equipped at least one axial fan, provided with at least one blade, adapted to direct an air flow in the cooling channels, the blade forming an angle of incidence with the direction of the cooling fluid characterized in that l 'angle of incidence of at least one blade of at least one of said fan increases from the base of the blade to the top thereof.
  • This ventilation device may also include one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination: the string of at least one blade of at least one of said fans increases from the base to the top of it. this . the top of at least one blade of at least one of said fan is poured in the direction of rotation of the fan.
  • each fan blade is parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor.
  • the plane which passes through the section of the base of each fan blade forms an angle with the axis of rotation of the rotor between 0 ° and 75 °.
  • the fan has two axial fans arranged on either side of the rotor, the angle of the leading edge of the downstream fan, considering the direction of air flow along the rotor, being equal to the angle from the trailing edge of the upstream fan.
  • the fan is equipped with at least one blade arranged opposite each cooling channel
  • the fan is provided, for each cooling channel with two blades, arranged respectively upstream and downstream
  • At least one blade extends projecting inside a support plate for the reliefs of the rotor.
  • each blade of at least one of the fans comprises a first centrifugal part capable of generating a radial air flow and a second axial part, capable of generating an axial air flow, the first and second parts extending respectively from radially internal and radially external.
  • the tops of the blades of at least one of the fans are joined by a stiffening ring.
  • the fan blades are mounted on a support comprising a first annular part ensuring the fixing of the fan on the rotor and a second generally cylindrical part extending the first part and carrying the blades.
  • the invention also relates to a rotary electric machine, in particular a motor vehicle alternator, comprising, placed in a casing, a rotor driven in rotation by a motor shaft and a stator surrounding the rotor, the rotor and the stator constituting one a armature and the other an inductor, and ventilation means capable of generating a circulation of cooling fluid through the machine, characterized in that the cooling means comprise a cooling device as defined above, and in that that the machine is provided with air intake and exhaust openings extending axially on either side of the cooling means.
  • the axial louvers are situated opposite the blades of the ventilation means.
  • FIG. 1 which has already been mentioned, illustrates an axial half-section of a motor vehicle alternator provided with a ventilation device according to the state of the art
  • - Figure 2 is a perspective view of a motor vehicle alternator rotor provided with a fan of a ventilation device according to the invention
  • Figure 3 illustrates, schematically, the construction of a blade of the fan of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 illustrates another embodiment of the blade of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of a fan of a ventilation device according to one invention
  • - Figure 6 illustrates another embodiment of a fan of a ventilation device according to one invention
  • FIG. 7 illustrates yet another embodiment of a fan of a ventilation device according to the invention.
  • the rotor designated by the general reference numeral 42, is provided with reliefs or claws, such as 44, regularly distributed along the periphery of the rotor 42 and delimiting between them the cooling channels, such that 46, in which circulates, during the rotation of the rotor 42, an air flow.
  • the rotor 42 is provided with a fan 48, of axial or helical type, fixed on the rotor so that its blades are located respectively opposite the channels. for ventilating the rotor, or two axial fans disposed on either side of the rotor, so as to generate an axial air flow along the channels 46.
  • the angle of the leading edge 70 of the downstream fan considering the direction of air flow along the rotor 42 is equal to the angle of the trailing edge 71 of the upstream fan.
  • the angle of the leading or trailing edge of the blade corresponds to the angle of incidence of the blade at said edges as defined below.
  • the fan or fans used to generate the axial air flow can be constituted by any type of axial fan suitable for generating such an air flow.
  • blades are used which are shaped so that the plane which passes through the section of the base 72 of the blade forms an angle with the axis of rotation of the machine. between 0 ° and 75 °, it being understood that a blade whose aforementioned angle is equal to 0 ° is an axial blade and that a blade whose angle is equal to 90 ° is a centrifugal blade.
  • each blade 50 of the fan can be very varied as well as its size or shape.
  • the angle or angles of attack of the blades can vary according to the needs or the performance to be obtained.
  • the angle of incidence ⁇ 1, at the base of the blade 50 that is to say the angle formed by the blade with respect to the axial suction direction is less at the angle of attack ⁇ 2 at the vertex S of the blade. It should be noted, however, that, where appropriate, these angles of incidence may be equal. However, the angle of incidence of the blade at the base is preferably greater than that of the apex if the base is supported at the external periphery of the fan. Thus, in all cases, the angle of the blade at the external part of the fan must have the highest angle of incidence because, as mentioned previously, it is at this level that the speed of the fluid is the highest.
  • the base of the blade at which the angle of incidence is less is defined as being the part of the base in contact with his support.
  • the chord of the blade is increased at the top S of the latter .
  • the chord of the top S is greater than the chord of the base 72 of the blade.
  • the top of the blade is poured, from the base to the top S, so to carry out a time shift of the noise sources. That is to say, the blade adopts, in this case, a longitudinal curvature, from the base towards its top, in the direction of rotation of the fan.
  • a pouring of the leading edges and trailing edges as well as any combination of the directions of pouring of the leading and / or trailing edges can be envisaged as for example visible in FIG. 4.
  • the blade can be profiled in the direction of the trailing edge so as to limit the detachment of the air at the end of the blade and, consequently, the turbulence.
  • the fan 50 so as to provide it with blades of axial-centrifugal type, that is to say blades comprising a first part 52, radially internal, constituted by a portion of centrifugal fan, so as to generate a generally radial air flow in this zone, this first part 52 extending radially externally by a second part 54 constituted by an axial or helical fan portion which is supplied by the radial flow created by the first part 52, intended to be disposed opposite the cooling channels 46, so as to generate, in the latter, a flow of axial air.
  • the blade thus arranged, is adapted to suck and discharge the coolant in the axial direction.
  • the fan or fans are provided with a stiffening ring 56 joining the top of the blades, so as to avoid any twisting or any vibration of the latter, thereby contributing to improving the discretion of the device, and in addition avoiding parasitic radial leaks.
  • the fan is equipped with several blades each arranged opposite a respective ventilation channel of the rotor. It is also possible, in order to reduce the noise level of the device, to provide the fan with blades in a number less than the number of ventilation channels, so that some of the channels do not have a blade, all possible configurations being possible, such as for example to provide blades every two pipes, or to provide the fan with a single blade, depending on the efficiency of the fan. Similarly, it is possible to provide one or more of the ventilation channels with several blades. It will also be noted that in the various embodiments envisaged previously, the fan is adapted to generate an axial air flow along the rotor.
  • additional radial vents can be provided without affecting the general good functioning of the ventilation device according to the invention.
  • the alternator is provided with front and rear bearings in which the motor shaft rotates and supporting the main functional elements of one alternator.
  • the blades of the fan or fans penetrate inside the plate of a respective bearing which carries the claws or reliefs of the rotor, for example on the half -height of the plate so as to leave room for the flow in the pipes, that is to say in the space available under a pole wheel claw.
  • a rotor fitted with inter-pole magnets can also be advantageously cooled by this type of fan, all the more since the magnets oppose the cooling of the rotor, the winding of which can otherwise rise to a temperature of around 200 ° C.
  • the fan is provided with a blade support comprising a first annular portion 58 by which it comes to be mounted on the rotor extended by its peripheral edge by a second generally cylindrical part 60 externally delimiting a peripheral surface carrying the blades.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
EP02704797A 2001-02-05 2002-02-05 Belüftungsvorrichtung für eine elektrische maschine, insbesondere für den kraftfahrzeugbereich Withdrawn EP1358707A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0101526A FR2820558B1 (fr) 2001-02-05 2001-02-05 Dispositif de ventilation pour machine electrique, notamment pour alternateur de vehicule automobile, et machine electrique pourvue d'un tel dispositif
FR0101526 2001-02-05
PCT/FR2002/000429 WO2002063748A1 (fr) 2001-02-05 2002-02-05 Dispositif de ventilation pour machine electrique, notamment pour vehicule automobile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1358707A1 true EP1358707A1 (de) 2003-11-05

Family

ID=8859626

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02704797A Withdrawn EP1358707A1 (de) 2001-02-05 2002-02-05 Belüftungsvorrichtung für eine elektrische maschine, insbesondere für den kraftfahrzeugbereich

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7109612B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1358707A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2820558B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2002063748A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2839397B1 (fr) * 2002-03-22 2005-03-04 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Assemblage et procede d'assemblage d'une poulie d'alternateur de vehicule automobile et alternateur de vehicule automobile comportant un tel assemblage
US6914355B2 (en) * 2002-12-19 2005-07-05 Honeywell International Inc. Common radial plane motor cooling
FR2866993B1 (fr) * 2004-02-27 2006-04-28 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Ensemble rotorique dont au moins un espace intergriffes est obture par le ventilateur
FR2869477B1 (fr) * 2004-03-26 2007-07-27 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Machine electrique tournante, notamment alternateur de vehicule automobile, dont les entrees/sorties d'air comprennent des ailettes inclinees par rapport aux pales des ventilateurs
WO2006016394A1 (ja) * 2004-08-09 2006-02-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha 回転電機
CN101682231B (zh) * 2007-08-09 2012-05-23 三菱电机株式会社 车用无刷交流发电机
TWI401171B (zh) * 2009-12-24 2013-07-11 Ind Tech Res Inst 輪轂馬達
EP2993767A1 (de) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Generator für ein Kraftwerk
FR3058847B1 (fr) * 2016-11-15 2018-10-26 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Ventilateur pour rotor pour machine electrique tournante
FR3101116A1 (fr) * 2019-09-20 2021-03-26 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur - Service Pi ventilateur de rotor amélioré

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5977668A (en) * 1998-09-07 1999-11-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle alternator and method of manufacture therefor

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE223585C (de)
JPH0681445B2 (ja) * 1983-03-25 1994-10-12 日本電装株式会社 車両用交流発電機
DD223585A1 (de) * 1984-03-01 1985-06-12 Sachsenwerk Elektromasch Luefter fuer elektrische maschinen und geraete
DE3410760A1 (de) * 1984-03-23 1985-09-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektrischer generator, insbesondere fuer fahrzeuge
JPS63265545A (ja) * 1987-04-22 1988-11-02 Hitachi Ltd 車輛用交流発電機
JPH06218703A (ja) * 1993-01-22 1994-08-09 Hitachi Koki Co Ltd 携帯用電気ルータ
JP2875706B2 (ja) * 1993-03-25 1999-03-31 三菱電機株式会社 車両用交流発電機
DE4430073A1 (de) * 1994-08-25 1996-02-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektrische Maschine, insbesondere Generator für Fahrzeuge
FR2738684B1 (fr) * 1995-09-08 1997-11-28 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Alternateur a moyens de ventilation interne perfectionnes, notamment pour vehicule automobile
JP3336831B2 (ja) * 1995-11-06 2002-10-21 三菱電機株式会社 交流発電機
IT1281405B1 (it) * 1995-12-13 1998-02-18 Magneti Marelli Spa Alternatore, particolarmente per autoveicoli.
JP3407643B2 (ja) * 1997-05-26 2003-05-19 株式会社デンソー 車両用交流発電機

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5977668A (en) * 1998-09-07 1999-11-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle alternator and method of manufacture therefor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO02063748A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2820558B1 (fr) 2004-05-07
US20030030334A1 (en) 2003-02-13
US7109612B2 (en) 2006-09-19
FR2820558A1 (fr) 2002-08-09
WO2002063748A1 (fr) 2002-08-15

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