EP1276691B1 - Zielrufsteuerung für aufzüge - Google Patents
Zielrufsteuerung für aufzüge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1276691B1 EP1276691B1 EP01914940A EP01914940A EP1276691B1 EP 1276691 B1 EP1276691 B1 EP 1276691B1 EP 01914940 A EP01914940 A EP 01914940A EP 01914940 A EP01914940 A EP 01914940A EP 1276691 B1 EP1276691 B1 EP 1276691B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lift
- elevator
- destination call
- job
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/02—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action
- B66B1/06—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric
- B66B1/14—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric with devices, e.g. push-buttons, for indirect control of movements
- B66B1/18—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric with devices, e.g. push-buttons, for indirect control of movements with means for storing pulses controlling the movements of several cars or cages
Definitions
- the invention relates to a destination call control for elevators as defined in the claims.
- an elevator control is used to Cabin calls on the different floors of a building to use.
- the drive of an elevator knows as commands just the instructions - drive up -, - drive to below -, - door open - and - door closed -.
- a Destination call control give the passengers already before the Entering an elevator, or an elevator car her desired destination floor, for example via a telephone-like keyboard, a so-called terminal. Out the position of the terminal is the access floor for the Destination call control known. After entering the Destination floor, determines an allocation algorithm of Control the elevator of the elevator group, which for the passenger the fastest and most comfortable transport his goal. The terminal shows the passenger this elevator the group of elevators and the passenger can now rest in the appropriate marked elevator issued. If the elevator stops to get in, the destination will be of the passenger, for example via a display device confirmed in the door frame. In the cabin itself are no Buttons for entering targets more available. To this Way, by using a destination call control Passengers with identical transport destination are grouped and thereby increases the transport capacity of the elevator system become.
- An example known from EP 0 699 617 A1 Destination call control is also capable of individual Identify passengers. For each identified Passengers are granted access to one Information store additional information regarding Entry and exit position, its space requirements and possibly additional service requirements, in which Determination of the optimal transport option considered.
- the invention is based on the object Specify destination call control for elevator systems, which are next to an increase in transport performance also flexible and is robust and in particular individual and / or collective transport needs of passengers considered.
- the invention is given by a Method for sequence planning with the in claim 1 given characteristics, which in particular thereby that is a situation-based Search method for determining the optimal driving sequence is provided.
- a device-based solution is through a destination call control according to the definition of claim 6 given, which is an organization of traffic using a so-called planning system.
- the planning system works according to one situation-based search method and determined destination call based on the current operating state of Elevator installation and the target state to be produced Elevator installation the situation-specific optimum driving sequence.
- the inventive application of a situation-based Search method essentially offers the advantage that at any relevant change in the current situation, such as upon registration of a new trip request, errors in Execution of a sequence or the like, in extreme cases after each running sequence a completely new one current driving sequence is determined, and the elevator drive then do this.
- each of the current operating status and the desired Target operating state of the elevator system on the basis of Facts in a state description declarative summarized.
- This in the description of the condition shown to be reached state change of Elevator system is in translated form as part of a Situation diagram, which is described below, the Planning system forwarded.
- the determined driving sequence plan is determined by the planning system designed so that the desired state change in Execution of the driving sequence plan can be achieved.
- each invention leads exclusively for the current planning situation represents the optimum Drive sequence.
- the optimization can be based on that very different criteria, whereby the Objectives of optimization from increasing the performance of the Elevator, reducing the waiting and / or operating and Travel times of the passengers or the improvement of a balanced ride management and the like.
- the planning process advantageously takes time thereby limiting that computing power and memory requirements are limited.
- the search method finds the optimal or nearly optimal driving sequence.
- the expert is for it so-called anytime algorithms known for such Search method can be used.
- the state description is preferred together with an operator description in the Presentation of the situation in translated form to the planning system fed.
- the operator description becomes the configuration time, preferably when installing the system at the customer communicated the inventive destination call control.
- she contains operators, which elementary state transitions of Specify lift system.
- the operators form as Elementary building blocks for the to be constructed Road trip solution the basis of the determined Driving sequence plan.
- the planning system chooses the Operators to be used in the solution Operators description off, determines concrete values for Operator parameter as well as an arrangement order in which Operators occur in the driving sequence plan. These Order of arrangement specifies the Execution order of the operators in the plan, that is, the Ride a row.
- the embedding of a planning system as the core of Destination call control is either in a central concept or in a decentralized concept or a combination of centralized and decentralized concept possible.
- the communication between the terminals and the elevators is easy to organize because all communication via a central office, the central job manager, runs.
- the Jobs are organized by a central job manager in a queue, a so-called “first in-first out "data structure. This organization is simple and ensures a clear processing order.
- the terminals have only the Destination call input of the passenger and the display of the central Jobmanager booked elevator to process and All you need is a simple software. What the use simpler and cheaper terminals.
- the Terminals equipped with intelligent booking software.
- the communication between the terminals and the job managers the individual elevators are preferably made use of of contract network protocols.
- the job manager of the individual Elevators themselves are able to parallel jobs organize and manage their status correctly.
- the central and decentralized concept of the job manager can also combined with each other in a destination call control become. Any number of job managers can work in a network present, which control one or more elevators.
- the elevator can be a any number of elevators with any layout include. So can several elevators with one different number of decks in a group, one so-called heterogeneous multidecker group, work together.
- the structure as a multi-agent system enables a modular Implementation of destination call control, in which individual Components, the so-called agents, e.g. Planning system, doors, drive, taxi driver arbitrary can be exchanged without affecting the overall system must be changed.
- agents e.g. Planning system, doors, drive, taxi driver arbitrary
- An event-driven activation of the agents in one Multi-agent system makes the control much more robust against occurring errors. For example, one falls Landing door on a floor due to a faulty Contact, the job manager can either Arrange evacuation drive or the taxi driver first have the plan still running. For further passenger requests may be the error Configuration Manager will be notified, all affected components of the system informed that this Floor of this elevator temporarily unattended can be. Failure of components does not mean that immediate failure of the overall system, as long as the Safety of passengers is ensured.
- Figure 1 shows schematically the structure of a inventive destination call control 1 with situational sequence planning of the traffic volume a single lift.
- the destination call control is as a multi-agent system built up. Basis of the multi-agent system makes a powerful communication network 2, over which three distributed in the building facilities for Destination call input, so-called terminals 3.1,3.2,3.3, with a decentralized job manager 4.
- a communication network 2 is a Architecture chosen for spontaneous networking. At this Execution is a well-known ad-hoc network with the Designation IRON provided. IRON supports a spontaneous Networking and is therefore a crucial requirement for a configuration control.
- any number of components can be in the network Sign in.
- the traditional group concept of elevators is thus superfluous and in particular can be in a group any number of elevators with whole different layout be present.
- Agents can inform each other about changes and prepare information and your own flow logic integrate.
- An agent can find out via broadcast which other agents have logged into the network as well Send messages to other agents. Furthermore, a Subscribe agent information to another agent.
- the individual components of this multi-agent system is next to the terminals mentioned above the job manager 4, which has all the components necessary for the logical and physical control of an elevator are necessary integrated.
- a planning system or planner 5 5 a broker 6, a door manager 7, a taxi driver 8, the Drive 9 of the elevator and an observer 10.
- the terminals 3.1.3.2.3.3 are more intelligent Equipped booking software and ask directly at Job Manager 4 for a transport offer for each registered destination call.
- the communication between Terminals and job managers 4 takes place by means of Contract network protocols.
- Each of the terminals is 3.1.3.2.3.3 with a device for the identification of passengers equipped to which a configuration manager 11 belongs.
- each terminal can Interrogate passenger data from configuration manager 11 and on forward the broker 6. So every terminal can be used for Example check whether the currently registered passenger has a Has access permission to the desired destination floor. Is the Checking successfully, the terminal asks the job manager 4 of the elevator after his transport offer.
- the planner 5 plans the optimal operation of the new one Passengers taking into account the current, lift-specific traffic situation and generates one optimal plan, which then to control the drive. 9 the elevator is passed on to broker 6, which continues is described below. Starting point for the planner 5 is an always present situation representation, in the broker enters 6 new passengers during the Observer removed 10 passengers carried.
- the broker 6 communicates over a two-stage Contract network protocol with the three terminals 3.1.3.2.3.3. He accepts the entries of the terminals 3.1.3.2.3.3, carries she in the situation representation of the planner 5, checks The generated optimal plan then, how the new scheduled passenger on the transport already booked passengers affects and tells the terminal that Transport offer with. No plan could be found because the problem for example due to insoluble Conflicts between the passenger groups for this elevator insoluble, so informed the broker 6 the corresponding Terminal also above. If the passenger is booked, send the broker 6 the taxi driver 8 the current driving sequence plan. The terminal will now display on the display.
- the observer 10 monitors the condition of the elevator installation and follows up the situation representation for the planner 5. Thus, if he finds that the elevator has stopped on one floor and the doors have been opened correctly, then all passengers are marked as " served ", to whom boarded is valid and whose destination corresponds to this floor. Passengers waiting there will be marked -boarded as they board when the elevator arrives.
- the observer 10 has no knowledge of the plan or activities of the taxi driver 8, but relies solely on the information he has subscribed to the drive 9 and the door manager 7. This is a prerequisite in order to ensure that the situation representation is tracked correctly according to the actually occurring state changes even when a special operation, such as triggering the fire control, which takes over the control of the drive 9 and interrupts the taxi driver normal operation.
- the taxi driver 8 moves his current plan, i.e. he sends the appropriate commands to the drive 9 the elevator and the drives of the doors. He knows from his current plan, where the elevator next scheduled to keep should and how long the doors need to be opened so that all passengers have enough time to get in and out. How many passengers at a stop change state, was already determined by the planner 5. Does that have Taxi driver 8 no plan, so he releases the elevator, so that it can be parked. In any Situation allows the taxi driver 8 his current timetable against the current plan sent to him by broker 6 will, replace. How this change takes place depends on it in which execution state the taxi driver 8 located. For example, a once started Stop process from the old plan has to be finished first, before the taxi driver 8 the first stop from the new plan can start.
- the drive 9 executes the drive and stop commands that he From the taxi driver 8 receives, he also learns the travel times the elevator between each floor. Created the time table to the optimizer 5 for the optimization Available and also reports where the elevator is currently located and in which direction he drives or whether he is straight stops.
- the door manager 7 manages all the doors of the elevator and monitors that the doors open and close correctly. It can doors on different sides of a cabin to be available. He also determines the door opening and Close the doors and tell the planner 5 for the doors Optimizing the service times of passengers with.
- Each of the components is as an independent agent implemented when certain events occur independently carries out actions. In particular, can thereby superimposing various events. So can to Example of the broker 6 at the same time the inquiries various terminals 3.1.3.2.3.3 accept and the Planner 5 submit.
- the decentralized job manager 4 can be parallel make an offer for several jobs while posting other jobs is still pending. The jobs are only then binding when the corresponding terminal books.
- Figure 2 shows a pool of requested and offered Jobs Job1 to Job4 for a decentralized job manager 4.
- Each Terminal 1, 2 usually only has a specific Job Job X or Job Y, who wants to book it on a lift. It sends Therefore this job to all known Jobmanager 4 of the Group of elevators, of which it is the drive data knows if the associated elevator is both on and off Exit landing of the passenger. unnecessary Requests to elevators, which are not in principle for transport come into question are avoided.
- the decentralized job manager 4 has two types of jobs: On the one hand, these are jobs, the jobs X, which have been requested and for which job manager 4 must calculate an offer, On the other hand, the jobs Y for which the job manager is 4 has already made an offer, but does not yet know whether the terminal will really book with him.
- Embodiment is only a single elevator available.
- the elevator can also be part of an elevator group.
- the invention is without limitation to such elevator groups applicable.
- Even with an elevator group ask the terminals 3.1,3.2,3.3 directly to the job managers 4 of the individual Lifts after a transport offer.
- the terminals 3.1.3.2.3.3 self-collect these offers, compare these and calculate the optimal booking of the Passenger.
- Each requested elevator counts independently of the other taking into account the current, lift-specific traffic situation its optimal Road sequence plan for serving the new passenger.
- the Offer of each requested elevator is sent to the terminal who chooses the best offer and the corresponding elevator with the transport of the passenger instructed.
- Job manager 4 confirms the booking the terminal from which the transport offer has been requested is, the booking becomes binding and becomes the passenger displayed on the terminal. If a job manager does not answer more, so the terminal responds to it and does not wait endless on the missing offer.
- Terminals 3.1.3.2.3.3 in conjunction with the Configuration Manager 11 will be the properties of Passengers P1, P2 and in particular the destination calls, the Passengers P1, P2 as input variables of the destination call control 1 forwarded to the broker 6, who in the Presenting situation representation of the planner 5, as in Figure 2 shown.
- any planning operation e.g. by Registration of a destination call is started, which determined Operating state and the desired target state, ie the too reaching state change of the elevator in one for the Planning system understandable state description 14 declaratively assembled, which is shown in Figure 3.
- the state description 14 shown here in FIG. 3 is in the Plandar einstician PDDL after McDermott he al. 1998, expressed.
- the skilled person is also others Modeling languages known in terms of their To distinguish expressiveness, and which he to Description of the situation representation can use, without that changes the essence of the invention. However, that is When choosing a planning system, make sure that this powerful according to the modeling Planning algorithms provides.
- the planning system 3 is first informed of the registered passengers P1, P2 and the floors f1 to f7 of the building in an object declaration 15. For each object, a typed constant is introduced. For the elevator considered here, these are the waiting passenger P1, the passenger P2 already in the cabin, and all seven floors f1 to f7. (: Objects (p1 - passenger) (p2 - passenger) (f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7 - floor))
- topology description 16 the (upper? Fi,? Fj) Specifications, respectively, that the floor fj above the Floor fi lies.
- the representation of the building topology is not mandatory.
- other versions of the procedure also on the explicit Topology description 16 of the building under the assumption be dispensed with that from each floor of each other Floor can be served by the elevator.
- the current transport order 17 with the destination calls of the passengers P1 and P2 consists of entry floors, origin, and destination floors, destin, as (: init (origin p1 f2) (origin p2 f1) (destin p1 f7) (destin p2 f5) (boarded p2).
- the transport order 17 contains a previously planned Sequence also the information, boarded P2, namely, that passenger P2 has already boarded and is in the Cabin is located. This information was provided by the observer 10 used in the description of the condition.
- the observer 10 sets the current position 18 of the elevator car as (lift-at f4)) is expressed in the state description 14.
- the goal 19 for the planning system 5 is formulated in the state description 14 as: (: goal (forall (? p - passenger) (served? p)).
- the planning system 3 is also given an operator description.
- a stop operator and an operator for ascending -up- and an operator for descending -down- for modeling the state transitions between the initial state and the destination state of the elevator are transferred in the operator description.
- the expert also knows other operators with which the desired change in the elevator state can be achieved. If necessary, this does not change the essence of the invention if the parameters are correspondingly defined.
- PDDL syntax according to McDermott et al.
- the uphill operator -up- appears as: (: action up : parameters (? f1 - floor? f2 - floor) : precondition (and (lift-at? f1) (upper? f1? f2)) : effect (and (lift-at? f2) (not (lift-at? f1)))))
- the down-down operator is expressed as: (: action down : parameters (? f1 - floor? f2 - floor) : precondition (and (lift-at? f1) (upper? f2? f1)) : effect (and (lift-at? f2) (not (lift-at? f1)))))
- the stop operator signals the control of the drive 9 the elevator that holds the cabin on a specific floor f1 to f7 has to stop.
- the stop operator is in here illustrated first embodiment defined that he includes the opening and closing of the doors.
- the Opening and closing of the car doors can also as separate additional basic instruction to the door manager 7 an elevator can be considered or it can be the stop operator be refined so that an elevator too the doors can open and close.
- the up-and-down operators - down- give the control-technical instruction to the Drive control, the drive 9 in the corresponding To set the direction in motion.
- a change in the passenger condition is basically only possible with a stop of the cabin. outgoing of rational behavior of the passengers, join in a scheduled stop the elevator car on a Floor all passengers on this floor - originally waiting to be transported to the cabin and All passengers leave the cabin when they are on their way Destination floor - arrives.
- the thereby occurred Change is here with the help of the observer 10 in the stop operator registered and thus during the sequence planning considered by the planning system 5.
- the stop operator becomes an instruction for the drive 9 effective when the in-effect coded Criteria are all met or have occurred. Will in the example described here in the stop operator?
- P2 increases according to the state description 14 and of the behavioral model when, as in the stop operator as - effective- the operator instance stop (f5) described, -boarded p2 and -destin p2 f5- apply.
- Planning systems 5 are already known from other technical fields.
- the planning system 5 selects when entering the 14 independently based on the over the Operator description provided operators Instances and also determines the order in determined travel sequence plan 20.
- the planning system 5 determines the parameters for the three operators -stop-, -up-, -down-, which cause a desired state change.
- This calculated optimal plan 13 is sent to the broker 6 passed.
- the broker 6 checks the generated optimal Plan to see how the newly scheduled passenger P1 on the transport of the already booked passenger and informs the terminal about the transport offer.
- the taxi driver 8 drives this current driving sequence plan 20 from, i. he sends the appropriate commands in the form of respective operators to the drive 9 of the elevator and the Drive the door.
- This sequence of operations 20 causes the elevator car in the Step 0 from the current floor f4 on which they are is the next stop on floor f5 -stop f5-drives. There, the elevator car stops according to step 1 stop f5- and the car door opens in a given time and closes so that the passenger exits P2 and thus served, served, is.
- step 2 the elevator car moves down from f5 to f2 -down f5 f2- and stop in step 3 on floor f2 -stop f2-.
- There passenger P1 climbs.
- the Step 4 the elevator moves upwards from floor f2 Floor f7 -up f2 f7- and stops in the last step 5 on Floor f7 -stop f7-.
- This sequence 13 all passengers P1, P2 transferred to the state -served- and the Goal formulation 10 of the driving sequence planning is thus reached.
- the observer 10 monitors the condition of the elevator installation and continuously updates the situation representation for the planner 5. In step 1, he therefore states that the elevator has stopped on the floor f5 and the doors have been opened correctly; he marks the passengers P2 as -served. At step 2, the observer 10 marks the passenger P1 waiting there for floor f2 as boarded. Finally, the elevator car stops on the floor f7 and after the doors have been opened correctly, the observer 10 also sets the passenger P1 in the situation description as served and the current position 9 of the elevator car in the status display 5 on floor f7.
- This created driving sequence plan 20 will not now mandatory completely executed, but when state, or the characteristics of passengers and / or the facility change relevant before it is completely executed According to the invention, a next planning cycle is started and an optimal driving sequence plan for the new planning situation 20 created. There is therefore no plan modification.
- FIG. 5 shows schematically the structure and the basic structure a second embodiment of the inventive Destination call.
- the destination call controller 25 includes a central job manager 26 and two decentralized job managers, a configuration manager 29 and representative of all existing terminals a terminal 30, which via a Communication network 31 communicate with each other.
- the structure and function of decentralized job managers 27,28 correspond essentially to those of the decentralized one Job Manager 4 from the first embodiment.
- the destination call control organizes here as so-called Group control the traffic of an elevator group with two Elevators A and B in a building with stops on seven floors.
- the planning task arises as follows:
- the elevator car A momentarily moves upwards; she is currently on floor f2 and can be the floor f3 still reach.
- the elevator car B is currently up Floor f1. Elevator A transports a passenger P1 Access restriction on floors 3 and 4, the target Floor f7 is specified while elevator B is empty. In In this situation, a new passenger P2 appears, who as VIP be promoted in front of all other passengers got to. Passenger P2 has just got his transport order from Floor 3 to floor f7 delivered.
- the central job manager 26 collects the requests of the Terminals together with the respectively recorded personal data from the configuration manager 29 as so-called jobs, here job 1 to job 4, in one Queue, as shown in Figure 6. He chooses the first job 1 out of the queue and sends it to the decentralized job manager 27,28 of each elevator. Everyone the decentralized job manager 27,28 of the lifts A, B determined independent of the other with the help of his planning system his best driving sequence solution based on the given Optimization criteria and sends them as an offer to the central job manager 26 back. The central job manager 26 Check all offers, choose from these the best offer and book the passenger on the elevator with the best Offer. The identification of the best elevator will follow sent a successful assignment to the terminal 30, on which the job was originally initiated. The Terminal 30 only functions as a display. The job 1 is done and will be canceled. The process again only picks up job 2, and so on, until all the jobs of the Warteschlage are processed.
- the situation representation contains a State Description 32 and an operator description.
- the service requirements are each within the framework of Passenger detection from the configuration manager 29 known and are provided by the central job manager 26 as part of a Jobs, or a request for quotation, to the decentralized Job Manager 27,28 of each elevator A, B forwarded.
- Certain service requirements for all or any selected passengers may vary depending on the condition the elevator system or the building also time of day be provided activated.
- a flexible weighting of individual service requirements, in particular the VIP requirement, in Dependence of the traffic volume can be displayed.
- P1 can not drive alone in the elevator here and heard at the same time to the passenger group A.
- the object declaration 33 contains the already-traveling passenger P1, a normal passenger, the new passenger P2, a VIP, and all 7 floors f1 to f7. (: Objects (p1 - passenger) (p2 - vip) (f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7 - floor))
- the current registered transfer order 34 of the passengers P1 and P2 appears as (: init (origin p1 f1) (origin p2 f3) (destin p1 f7) (destin p2 f7) (boarded p1)
- the transport order 34 is based on the standard assumption that passengers wait on the floor if there is no corresponding boarded information. True, this means that passenger P2 is waiting on the floor.
- the access restriction for passenger P1 presents itself as (no-access p1 f3) (no-access p1 f4)
- the current position 35 of the elevator car 2 of the elevator A is as (lift-at f2)) expressed in the state description 32. All listed facts are considered true, all others as wrong.
- the goal 36 for the planning system is called (: goal (forall (? p - passenger) (served? p)) formulated.
- the planning system receives only a so-called stop operator 37, from which there is a construct a valid travel sequence plan.
- Fig. 9 is an example of a stop operator 37 is shown.
- the stop operator 37 contains a Specifications 38 in which is described when a Stop an elevator A, B on a floor f1 to f7 is permissible.
- Planning systems work independently of the actual one Planning problem.
- Such planning systems are different technical areas already known.
- Other planning systems may be used as long as they are capable of capturing and processing the current situation representation as a whole.
- this selects Planning system to be used in the following sequence Operators of the operator description, here the stop operator 37. If service requirements, such as VIP, going_direct, etc., in the state description 32, so the planning system independently checks the corresponding Prerequisite of the function statement 39 of the operator 37. Missing one contained in operator 37 as a precondition Service request in the call-relevant State Description 32, then this will be superfluous Precondition of the operator 37 automatically ignored.
- One Example of a service request not considered here is the precondition -attendant-. Then determines the concrete values for operator parameters as well as a Arrangement sequence in which operators in the travel sequence plan occur. This order of arrangement specifies the Execution order of the operators in the drive sequence plan and so that the sequence of operations for the operation of the respective destination call.
- the situation 42 can be solved by the planning system without any problem since elevator B does not know the passenger P1 at all because he is traveling in elevator A and only the new passenger P2 is notified.
- the object declaration 43 for elevator B to the planning system consequently also includes only the new passenger P2 typed by the service request VIP and all 7 floors f1 to f7. (: Objects (p2 - vip) (f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7 - floor))
- the current transport order 44 of the passenger P2 presents itself as (: Init (origin p2 f3) (destin p2 f7).
- the current position description 45 of the elevator car B is in the status description 42 as (lift-at f1) expressed.
- the target formulation 46 for the Planning system identical to that of the elevator A. Sie is combined with the object declaration 43 and the above described stop operator 37 as part of Situation representation 42 of the elevator B to the planning system to hand over.
- To plan the route of the elevator B is only the operator precondition: Stop on a floor below the presence of VIP, relevant because the 32 for elevator B only the service request Passing VIP to the planning system.
- the rest in the form of specifications 33 and preconditions of Function statement 39 of the STOP operator 37 provided Service requirements remain with this planning sequence disregarded and therefore without effect on the Travel sequence plan.
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Description
- Durch Registration melden sich die einzelnen Geräte im Netz an und machen ihre Dienste bekannt.
- Durch Lookup kann ein Gerät ein anderes Gerät oder einen benötigten Dienst finden.
- Durch Notification kann sich ein Gerät bei einem anderen für die Benachrichtigung über das Eintreten bestimmter Ereignisse anmelden.
- Terminals melden sich mit ihrer Stockwerksposition und XY-Koordinate im Netz an und informieren sich über alle vorhandenen Jobmanager.
- Antriebe repräsentieren die physische Komponente der Aufzugssteuerung. Sie stellen die Information zur Verfügung, welche Stockwerke sie anfahren können, wieviele Schachttüren sich auf einem Stockwerk befinden und auf welcher Seite diese positioniert sind. Desweiteren kann beim Antrieb die Benachrichtigung bestimmter Ereignisse wie Wechsel des Selektors, Wechsel des Zustands (z.B. fahrend, ankommend, stillstehend) abonniert werden.
- Kabinentüren melden sich mit Information darüber zu welchem Antrieb sie gehören, auf welchem Deck sie sich befinden und auf welcher Seite sie öffnen. Durch diese Information findet der Jobmanager sofort heraus, wieviele Decks ein Aufzug hat und wieviele Türen pro Deck vorhanden sind.
- Jobmanager melden sich im Netz mit der Information an, welche Antriebe sie vertreten - einen einzelnen im strikt dezentralen Konzept oder alle vorhandenen beim strikt zentralen Konzept.
- 3 Singledeckern mit nur einer Tür
- 4 Doppeldeckern, wobei ein Deck mit einer Tür und das andere Deck mit 2 Türen ausgestattet ist
- 4 Tripledeckern, bei denen jedes Deck 2 Türen hat.
- das Planungssystem plant bei einem Multidecker das Ein- und Aussteigen der Passagiere über alle vorhandenen Decks,
- der Taxifahrer des Jobmanagers sendet bei einem Stop die Türöffnungskommandos an alle Türen, die zu Stockwerken öffnen, auf denen Passagiere ein- oder aussteigen wollen.
(:objects
(p1 - passenger)
(p2 - passenger)
(f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7 - floor))
(:init (origin p1 f2)
(origin p2 f1)
(destin p1 f7)
(destin p2 f5)
(boarded p2) .
- Wartend/ waiting: Der Passagier wartet vor der Aufzugstür. Hier hat der Aufzug zuerst am Ausgangsort, origin, des Passagiers und erst danach an dem vom Passagier angegebenen Zielstockwerk, destin, zu halten.
- Fahrend/ boarded: Der Passagier befindet sich in der
Aufzugskabine und wird zu seinem Zielstockwerk,
destin,
transportiert, welches bisher noch nicht angefahren, d.h. bedient worden ist. - Bedient/ served: Der Passagier hat die Aufzugskabine an seinem Zielstockwerk, destin, verlassen. Dieser Transportauftrag ist erledigt und der Passagier wurde zufriedenstellend vom Aufzug bedient. Diese drei möglichen Zustände lassen sich mittels der beiden Befehle -boarded ?p- und -served ?p- in der PDDL-Modellierungssprache ausdrücken. Der Passagier P1 wartet auf eine Aufzugkabine und ist deshalb weder als -boarded- noch als -served- registriert.
(lift-at f4))
in der Zustandsbeschreibung 14 ausgedrückt ist.
(: goal (forall (?p - passenger) (served ?p)).
(define (domain miconic)
(:requirements :adl)
(:types passenger - object
floor - object)
(:predicates
(origin ?person - passenger ?floor - floor)
(destination ?person - passenger ?floor - floor)
(boarded ?person - passenger)
(served ?person - passenger)
(lift-at ?floor - floor))
(:action stop
:parameters (?f - floor)
:precondition (and (lift-at ?f))
:effect (and (forall (?p - passenger) (when (and (boarded ?p)
(destination ?p ?f))
(and (not (boarded ?p)) (served ?p))))
(forall (?p - passenger) (when (and (origin ?p ?f) (not
(served ?p))) (boarded ?p)))))
(:action up
:parameters (?f1 - floor ?f2 - floor)
:precondition (and (lift-at ?f1) (upper ?f1 ?f2))
:effect (and (lift-at ?f2) (not (lift-at ?f1))))
(:action down
:parameters (?f1 - floor ?f2 - floor)
:precondition (and (lift-at ?f1) (upper ?f2 ?f1))
:effect (and (lift-at ?f2) (not (lift-at ?f1))))
- Einteilung aller Passagiere in zwei Gruppen conflict_A und conflict_B, die sich im Aufzug nie begegnen dürfen;
- Passagiere vom Typ never_alone, für die ein Begleiter in Form eines
- Passagiers vom Typ attendant im Aufzug während der Fahrt anwesend sein muss. Dabei ist es nicht zwingend erforderlich, dass während der Fahrt immer derselbe Begleiter im Aufzug fährt, sondern dieser kann auch wechseln;
- Passagiere vom Typ going_direct, die ohne Zwischenstop zu ihrem Ziel befördert werden;
- Passagiere vom Typ vip, die vorrangig vor allen anderen Passagieren befördert werden;
- Passagiere, für die eine Zutrittsbeschränkung auf bestimmten Stockwerken formuliert ist;
- Passagiere vom Typ going_up, die ausschliesslich aufwärts transportiert werden;
- Passagier vom Typ going_down, die ausschliesslich abwärts transportiert werden.
(:objects
(p1 - passenger )
(p2 - vip )
(f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7 - floor ))
(:init (origin p1 f1)
(origin p2 f3)
(destin p1 f7)
(destin p2 f7)
(boarded p1)
(no-access p1 f3)
(no-access p1 f4)
(lift-at f2))
in der Zustandsbeschreibung 32 ausgedrückt. Es werden alle aufgeführten Fakten als wahr, alle anderen als falsch gewertet.
(:goal (forall (?p - passenger) (served ?p))
formuliert.
(:objects
(p2 - vip)
(f1,f2,f3,f4,f5,f6,f7 - floor ))
(:init
(origin p2 f3)
(destin p2 f7).
(lift-at f1)
ausgedrückt.
Claims (12)
- Verfahren zur Fahrtfolgeplanung einer Aufzugsanlage, die mindestens einen Aufzug umfasst, bestehend aus:a. dem Registrieren von Zielrufen durch eine an Stockwerken der Aufzugsanlage angeordnete Sensorik (3.1,3.2,3.3),
gekennzeichnet durch die folgende Verfahrenschritte:b. Eintragen von Zielrufen in eine Situationsdarstellung (12) für jeden Aufzug, welche Situationsdarstellung (12) den momentanen Betriebszustand (18) und die Verkehrssituation (15,17) des Aufzugs definiert,c. Berechnen einer optimale Fahrtfolge für jede Situationsdarstellung (12) unter Berücksichtigung eines vorgewählten Optimierungskriteriums wie minimale Warte- und/oder Bedien- und/oder Fahrtzeiten der Passagiere, undd. Buchen des Aufzugs, der der besten der jeweiligen optimalen Fahrtfolge entspricht, um den Zielruf zu erfüllen. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Zielrufe in einer Aufzugsanlage mit mehreren Aufzügen registriert werden,
dass diese registrierten Zielrufe an einen zentralen Jobmanager (26) übermittelt werden,
dass jeder Aufzug einen Jobmanager (27,28) aufweist, welche vom zentralen Jobmanager (26) für jeden registrierten Zielruf um ein Transportangebot angefragt werden,
dass von diesen Jobmanagern (27,28) der Anfrage entsprechende Transportangebote an den zentralen Jobmanager (26) übermittelt werden, und
dass vom zentralen Jobmanager (26) aus den übermittelten Transportangeboten für einen registrierten Zielruf eine bezüglich des Optimierungskriteriums optimale Fahrtfolge gebucht wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Zielrufe in einer Aufzugsanlage mit mehreren Aufzügen registriert werden,
dass jeder Aufzug einen Jobmanager (4) aufweist, welche Jobmanager (4) für jeden registrierten Zielruf um ein Transportangebot angefragt werden,
dass von den Jobmanagern (4) der Anfrage entsprechende Transportangebote gemacht werden, und
dass aus diesen Transportangeboten für einen registrierten Zielruf eine bezüglich des Optimierungskriteriums optimale Fahrtfolge gebucht wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Zielrufe an Registriereinrichtungen (3.1,3.2,3.3) der Stockwerke registriert werden, und
dass ein Aufzug, welcher einer gebuchten Fahrtfolge entspricht, an der Registriereinrichtung (3.1,3.2,3.3) angezeigt wird, welche den Zielruf registriert hat. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Situationsdarstellung Operatoren enthält, welche elementaren Zustandsübergänge (16) der Aufzugsanlage spezifizieren,
dass zu verwendende Operatoren bezüglich des Optimierungskriteriums auswählt werden,
dass für diese Operatoren konkrete Werte für Operatorenparameter bestimmt werden, und
dass eine Anordnungsreihenfolge, in der diese Operatoren in der Fahrtfolgeplanung auftreten, bestimmt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Operatoren ausgewählt werden, welche steuerungstechnische Anweisungen bezüglich Service-Anforderungen beinhalten.
- Zielrufsteuerung für eine Aufzugsanlage zur Bestimmung der Fahrtfolge einer oder mehrerer Aufzüge der Aufzugsanlage mit Registriereinrichtungen (3.1,3.2,3.3) an Stockwerken der Aufzugsanlage zum Registrieren von Zielrufen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine Verarbeitungseinheit (4) vorgesehen ist, die für jeden Aufzug eine Situationsdarstellung (12) und einen Planer (5) umfasst, welche Situationsdarstellung (12) den momentanen Betriebszustand (18) und die Verkehrssituation (15,17) des Aufzugs definiert, und welcher Planer (5) eine optimale Fahrtfolge für jede Situationsdarstellung (12) berechnet unter Berücksichtigung eines vorgewählten Optimierungskriteriums wie minimale Warte- und/oder Bedien- und/oder Fahrtzeiten der Passagiere. - Zielrufsteuerung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Situationsdarstellung Parametern über den aktuellen Betriebszustand der Aufzugsanlage und den herzustellenden Zielzustand der Aufzugsanlage enthält, und
dass die Situationsdarstellung Parametern enthält, welche elementaren Zustandsübergänge (16) der Aufzugsanlage spezifizieren. - Zielrufsteuerung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aufzugsanlage mehrere Aufzüge aufweist,
dass ein zentraler Jobmanager (26) vorgesehen ist, welcher über ein Kommunikationsnetzwerk von den Registriereinrichtungen (3.1,3.2.3.3) alle registrierten Zielrufe empfängt,
dass jeder Aufzug einen Jobmanager (27,28) aufweist,
dass der zentrale Jobmanager (26) diese Jobmanager (27,28) über das über das Kommunikationsnetzwerk (2) für jeden registrierten Zielruf um ein Transportangebot anfragt,
dass diese Jobmanagern (27,28) der Anfrage entsprechende Transportangebote über das Kommunikationsnetzwerk (2) an den zentralen Jobmanager (27,28) übermitteln, und
dass der zentrale Jobmanager (26) für einen registrierten Zielruf aus den übermittelten Transportangeboten einer bezüglich des Optimierungskriteriums optimalen Fahrtfolge bucht. - Zielrufsteuerung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aufzugsanlage mehrere Aufzüge aufweist,
dass jeder Aufzug einen Jobmanager (4) aufweist,
dass eine Registriereinrichtung (3.1,3.2,3.3) diese Jobmanager (4) über ein Kommunikationsnetzwerk (2) für jeden registrierten Zielruf um ein Transportangebot anfragt,
dass diese Jobmanager (4) der Anfrage entsprechende Transportangebote über das Kommunikationsnetzwerk (2) an die anfragende Registriereinrichtung (3.1,3.2,3.3) übermitteln, und
dass diese Registriereinrichtung (3.1,3.2,3.3) für den registrierten Zielruf aus diesen Transportangeboten einer bezüglich des Optimierungskriteriums optimalen Fahrtfolge bucht. - Zielrufsteuerung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Registriereinrichtung (3.1,3.2,3.3) welche einen Zielruf registriert hat, den Aufzug anzeigt, welcher einem gebuchten Fahrtfolge entspricht.
- Aufzugsanlage bestehend aus mindestens einem Aufzug mit einem Deck und mindestens einem Aufzug mit zwei Decks und einer Zielrufsteuerung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01914940A EP1276691B1 (de) | 2000-03-29 | 2001-03-29 | Zielrufsteuerung für aufzüge |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00106768 | 2000-03-29 | ||
EP00106767 | 2000-03-29 | ||
EP00106767 | 2000-03-29 | ||
EP00106768 | 2000-03-29 | ||
PCT/CH2001/000205 WO2001072621A1 (de) | 2000-03-29 | 2001-03-29 | Zielrufsteuerung für aufzüge |
EP01914940A EP1276691B1 (de) | 2000-03-29 | 2001-03-29 | Zielrufsteuerung für aufzüge |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1276691A1 EP1276691A1 (de) | 2003-01-22 |
EP1276691B1 true EP1276691B1 (de) | 2005-08-17 |
Family
ID=26070754
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01914940A Revoked EP1276691B1 (de) | 2000-03-29 | 2001-03-29 | Zielrufsteuerung für aufzüge |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6793044B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1276691B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2003528785A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1220614C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE302158T1 (de) |
AU (2) | AU4220801A (de) |
BR (1) | BR0109529A (de) |
DE (1) | DE50107119D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1276691T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2248295T3 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1054364B (de) |
MX (1) | MXPA02009377A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001072621A1 (de) |
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-
2001
- 2001-03-29 WO PCT/CH2001/000205 patent/WO2001072621A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-29 EP EP01914940A patent/EP1276691B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2001-03-29 DK DK01914940T patent/DK1276691T3/da active
- 2001-03-29 MX MXPA02009377A patent/MXPA02009377A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-29 AU AU4220801A patent/AU4220801A/xx active Pending
- 2001-03-29 ES ES01914940T patent/ES2248295T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-29 JP JP2001570546A patent/JP2003528785A/ja active Pending
- 2001-03-29 CN CNB01807393XA patent/CN1220614C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-29 BR BR0109529-3A patent/BR0109529A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-03-29 DE DE50107119T patent/DE50107119D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-29 AU AU2001242208A patent/AU2001242208B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-03-29 AT AT01914940T patent/ATE302158T1/de active
-
2002
- 2002-09-30 US US10/261,342 patent/US6793044B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
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- 2003-07-30 HK HK03104980.1A patent/HK1054364B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006046062A1 (de) | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-03 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Aufzug- oder ähnlichen Beförderungssystems |
DE102006046062B4 (de) | 2006-09-27 | 2018-09-06 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Aufzug- oder ähnlichen Beförderungssystems |
EP2346766B1 (de) | 2008-10-24 | 2016-12-28 | Kone Corporation | Aufzugsystem |
EP2346766B2 (de) † | 2008-10-24 | 2024-06-19 | Kone Corporation | Aufzugsystem |
EP3015412A1 (de) | 2014-11-03 | 2016-05-04 | K. A. Schmersal Holding GmbH & Co. KG | Bedienung eines aufzugs mittels touchscreen |
DE102014115999A1 (de) | 2014-11-03 | 2016-05-04 | K.A. Schmersal Gmbh & Co. Kg | Bedienung eines Aufzugs mittels Touchscreen |
WO2019120899A1 (de) | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-27 | Inventio Ag | Verfahren und aufzugsteuerung zum steuern einer aufzuggruppe mit einer mehrzahl von aufzügen basierend auf zielrufen |
WO2020161069A1 (de) | 2019-02-08 | 2020-08-13 | Inventio Ag | Aufzugsanlage mit aufzugsbedieneinrichtungen für passagiere mit körperlichen einschränkungen |
WO2022043371A1 (de) | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-03 | Inventio Ag | Aufzugsanlage mit aufzugsbedieneinrichtungen für passagiere mit eingeschränkter mobilität |
DE102022110202A1 (de) | 2022-04-27 | 2023-11-02 | Tk Elevator Innovation And Operations Gmbh | Aufzugsystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Aufzugsystems |
DE102022110209A1 (de) | 2022-04-27 | 2023-11-02 | Tk Elevator Innovation And Operations Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Aufzuganlage |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6793044B2 (en) | 2004-09-21 |
HK1054364A1 (en) | 2003-11-28 |
JP2003528785A (ja) | 2003-09-30 |
BR0109529A (pt) | 2003-06-10 |
ATE302158T1 (de) | 2005-09-15 |
AU2001242208B2 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
AU4220801A (en) | 2001-10-08 |
ES2248295T3 (es) | 2006-03-16 |
US20030085079A1 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
HK1054364B (zh) | 2005-11-25 |
EP1276691A1 (de) | 2003-01-22 |
CN1420836A (zh) | 2003-05-28 |
WO2001072621A1 (de) | 2001-10-04 |
MXPA02009377A (es) | 2003-02-12 |
CN1220614C (zh) | 2005-09-28 |
DK1276691T3 (da) | 2005-12-19 |
DE50107119D1 (de) | 2005-09-22 |
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