EP1181413B1 - Shaped block - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system of shaped blocks, comprising full blocks with an essentially rectangular base and half-blocks, which are essentially formed by halving the full block in the transversal central plane, for laying in the longitudinal bond. Each section (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b) of the longitudinal sides of a full block (1a), which are separated by a transversal central plane (7), has at least two studs (12, 13; 14, 15; 43, 44; 45, 46), the stud (12; 15; 43; 46) that is closer to one transversal side (4, 5) of the shaped block (1) forming an interlocking pair (48) with a stud (13; 14; 44; 45) of a corresponding block that is further from a transversal side (4, 5), said pair being positioned at least a stud-width away from an interlocking pair (49) formed by the stud (13; 14; 44; 45) that is further away from the transversal side (4, 5) and the stud (12; 15; 43; 46) of the corresponding block that is closer to the transversal side.

Description

The invention relates to a shaped block system according to the Preamble of claim 1.

DE 87 00 821 U1 describes such a shaped stone system known. The disadvantage of this shaped stone system is that the Stones do not hold each other in association and on the Edges even drift out of the bandage, as the cams are only as Serve distance cams. Furthermore, a walk on is such Rubbers, at least with thin heels, are not harmless because due to the cams abutting one another at the end wide columns are formed for the individual stones.

In addition, shaped stone systems are from the prior art known that have no cams, this leads to the fact that only a small amount of rainwater between the butt joints can seep away and there are no possibilities that to influence the seepage amount positively.

From US-A-5 503 498 is a shaped block system according to the Genus of claim 1. In particular Embodiment (see FIG. 7 there) has this Formstone system a double stone or solid stone, the one Half stone or normal stone is assigned. Every normal stone has symmetrically arranged on the side surfaces Distance cams on that have a stepped structure own, the course of the stairs counterclockwise is sloping all around. The distance cams are designed in such a way that they are always on the front bump into each other and thus at least interlock lead in one direction. A disadvantage of this paving stone is the large joint spacing due to the always face abutting spacers, which however results in a leads to good water permeability of the known stone system.

Another cuboid paving stone is from the Document DE 196 07 989 A1, in which adjoining paving stones side cams have, which form pairs of teeth. With this Stone systems are not full stones and half stones provided so that the laying options and the appearance are limited in their structuring.

The invention has for its object to a molded block develop an optimal cohesion of the Stone bandage and good drainage guaranteed ease of access at the same time.

This task is based on a shaped block after the Preamble of claim 1 by the characterizing Features of claim 1 solved.

The subclaims represent advantageous and expedient Developments of the subject matter of claim 1.

According to claim 1 it is provided that everyone Section of the separated by a cross median plane At least two cams on the long sides of a solid stone has, the closer to a transverse side of the molded block Cam with a cam further away from a transverse side Gegensteines forms a pair of teeth that at least by a cam width spaced from a pair of teeth lies which of the cams further away from the transverse side with that of the Forms closer cams of the opposite stone on the transverse side.

Through the formation of gear pairs, which only consist of two cams exist, on the one hand it is guaranteed that the Form stone along its long side with the respective Counter stone in several places. engaged and in contact, so that the shaped stone and the counter stone are parallel and are aligned against each other. On the other hand ensures that along the long side of the Shaped stone between the pairs of teeth still sufficient Side surface for the formation of drainage ducts Is available or that the cams are of sufficient width can be dimensioned and that a small Stone distance is enough to have a sufficiently dimensioned Form drainage shaft. Another advantage is that this interlocking allows optimal grouting with sand. It is also made with a simple tool possible because the undercuts of the shaped stone are evenly distributed on its side surface and thus At no point in the molding tool are accumulations of movable Parts occur that have complicated, fragile mechanics require.

According to a preferred embodiment, the shaped stone lies also as a half stone, which can be obtained by halving the Vollsteines in the cross median plane results, minus the half the depth of a cam provided there. This brings the advantage with that in the manufacture of the mold for the Half-way the milling program for the CNC milling machine almost completely adopted from the program for the Vollstein can be.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the one transverse side or At least a half of the cams near the long side of the shaped block Cam width from the adjacent long side or transverse side to be placed away. This ensures that the Forces that this cam as a distance and / or Interlocking means experienced by the counter stone or on the Gegenstein transfers, not to a sensitive corner area act of the shaped stone, so that a breaking or cracking a Corner area is unlikely.

After a particularly advantageous training of Subject of the invention are between the pairs of teeth Water drainage shafts formed. This ensures that the shaped stone on its long sides at least two Has water drainage shafts and thus the water on the Stone surface only short distances to the next drainage shaft must cover.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the Subject of the invention is when the shaped stone on his Bottom mirror-symmetrical to the transverse center plane Has channels. This measure makes it possible to individual drain shafts of the shaped block with each other connect and avoid the channel in the Cross median plane of the shaped block runs. Thus the Resistance of the molded block against bending stress strong increased, especially at the most critical point for bending stress a weakening of the shaped stone is avoided.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the Subject of the invention is when the channels are those Connect water drainage ducts that are located in relation to the Lines of intersection of the longitudinal median plane with the transverse median plane opposite, with the channels crossing. Through this Measure, a channel system is created that not only that Drainage of water in the longitudinal direction allowed, but that Water allowed to go in all directions under the Moving stone dressing. So it is possible that Water from places where it cannot seep into all Directions flows away and thus the risk of puddling less due to accumulated water on the stone surface is.

Around the channel area or the area over which the water seeps to enlarge, it is also advantageous that the water drainage shafts each in a first channel that they with the opposite one with respect to the longitudinal median plane Water drainage shaft connects, and into a second channel that them with respect to the line of intersection of the median longitudinal plane with the water drainage shaft located opposite the transverse center plane connects, flow.

Another advantageous form of training Subject of the invention is when each section of the Transverse side has at least two cams, the der Longitudinal center plane closer cams with one of the longitudinal center plane further cams of a counter block form a pair of teeth, which is spaced from the pair of teeth, which of the Longitudinal median plane further cam with that of the median longitudinal plane forms closer cams of the counter-stone, and wherein the Longitudinal median plane close cams together with that of the Longitudinal median plane near cams of the counter stone a third Forms pair of teeth. This embodiment will be based on confined space formed three pairs of teeth, the one Moving the stone against the counter stone along the Prevent the transverse side in two directions.

Further details of the invention are shown in the drawing based on schematically illustrated embodiments described.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Vollsteines mit Nocken,

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Halbsteines,

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf im Verband verlegte Formsteine,

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Vollsteines mit Nocken und Kanälen,

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Halbsteines mit Nocken und Kanälen,

Fig. 6

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Vollsteines mit Nocken, Kanälen und Ausnehmungen,

Fig. 7

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Halbsteines mit Nocken, Kanälen und Ausnehmungen,

Fig. 8

eine Draufsicht auf im Verband verlegte Formsteine mit Ausnehmungen,

Fig. 9

eine Draufsicht auf im Verband verlegte Formsteine mit Ausnehmungen und einer Verzahnungsvariante.

Here shows

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a solid stone with cams,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of a half stone,

Fig. 3

a top view of shaped stones laid in the association,

Fig. 4

a perspective view of a solid stone with cams and channels,

Fig. 5

a perspective view of a half stone with cams and channels,

Fig. 6

a perspective view of a solid block with cams, channels and recesses,

Fig. 7

a perspective view of a half-stone with cams, channels and recesses,

Fig. 8

a plan view of shaped stones laid in the association with recesses,

Fig. 9

a plan view of molded stones laid in the association with recesses and a toothing variant.

In Fig. 1 is a shaped block 1, which is designed as a full block 1a is shown in a perspective view. The shaped stone 1 has long sides 2, 3 and transverse sides 4, 5. The Vollstein 1a is through a longitudinal median plane 6 and a transverse median plane 7 shared. The longitudinal center plane 6 and the transverse center plane 7 intersect in a line of intersection 8. The transverse median plane 7 divides the long sides 2, 3 into half sides 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b. On the long sides 2, 3 and the transverse sides 4, 5 has the Form 1 spacer or toothing 9. These are 1 as cams 10 to 15 visible. The stone 1 is in Essentially by a contour 22, which is formed by an upper edge 23, Side edges 24 and a lower edge 25 is formed, circumscribed. According to an alternative, not shown Embodiment are the edges 23, 24, 25 optionally with chamfers Mistake. This creates an attractive appearance and a Insensitivity of the edges 23, 24, 25 to small ones Damage reached. The distance or toothing means 9 have a cam width b. Every distance or Gear means 9 is at a distance from the side edges 24 a that corresponds to at least half the cam width b.

FIG. 2 shows a shaped stone 1 designed as a half stone 1b to see. The half-stone 1b also has distance or Gear means 9, specifically the cams 10 to 13 are closed see. Like all distance or toothing means 9, these have Contact surfaces 26, push surfaces 27 and cover surfaces 28, wherein the top surfaces 28 from the contact surfaces 26 to the Longitudinal sides 2, 3 or increasing to the transverse sides 4, 5 run. The push surfaces 27 also form an oblique one Transition from the contact surfaces 26 to the long sides 2, 3 or transverse sides 4, 5. The shaped block 1 has an upper side 29 and a bottom 30.

FIG. 3 shows a top view of those laid in the bandage 40 Form stones 1. Specifically, the bandage consists of a half stone 40a, a solid stone 40b and another, partially visible full stone 40c. The top view of the Vollstein 40b, the cams 41 to 46 hidden in FIG. 1 can be seen. The top view of the half-stone 40a is that in FIG. 2 to see hidden cams 41 to 44. The figure also shows 3 that the shaped blocks 1 at equal distances d from each other are arranged, i.e. the full stones 40b, 40c and the Half-stones 40a lie with their long sides 2, 3 and their Transverse sides 3, 4 with equal distances d opposite. This Distances correspond to a depth t of the distance or Interlocking means 9. A grid can thus be placed on the bandage 40 47 are placed, the raster width 47a in the x-direction one half full stone length L plus half a cam depth t equivalent. The grid 47 has a grid width in the y direction 47b, that of a shaped block width B plus two halves Cam depths t corresponds. The half stone 1b arises from the Vollstein 1a by halving the Vollstein 1a in the Cross median plane 7, minus half the depth of one there arranged cams 10, 11 or 41, 42.

In Figure 3 it can be seen that each section 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b of the longitudinal sides 2, 3 of the solid block 40b separated by the transverse central plane 7 has two cams 12, 13; 14, 15; 43, 44; 45, 46, wherein the closer to the transverse side 4 or 5 of the molded block 1 cam 12; 15; 43; 46 with the cams 13; 14; 44; 45 of the respective counter-stone (solid stone 40c or half-stone 40a in FIG. 3) forms a pair of teeth 48 which is spaced apart from the pair of teeth 49 which is the cam 13; 14; 44; 45 with the cams 10; 15; 43; 46 of the respective counter stone (in FIG. 3 solid stone 40 c or half stone 40 a).
The transverse side 4, 5 of the half stone 40a and the solid stone 40c have cams 10, 11; 41, 42, the cam 11 of the solid stone 40c closer to the longitudinal center plane 6 forming a pair of teeth 60 with the cam 41 of the half stone 40a further away from the longitudinal central plane 6, which is spaced apart from the toothing pair 61 which is the cam 10 of the solid stone which is further away from the longitudinal central plane 6 40c forms with the cam 42 of the half-stone 40a closer to the longitudinal center plane 6, and the cam 11 of the solid stone 40c closer to the longitudinal center plane 6 forms a third pair of teeth 62 together with the cam 42 of the half-stone 40a closer to the longitudinal center plane 6.

Between the pairs of teeth 48, 49 there is a free space 50 formed as a water drainage shaft 51 is released. In This water drainage shaft 51 can, for example, rain water between the cam 14 and the long side 2 of the solid stone 40b and the cam 43 and the long side 3 of the solid stone 40c the bottom 30 of the solid bricks 40b, 40c run off. To the Channels 52 are arranged on the undersides of the solid bricks 40b, 40c. Via which the rainwater flows out under the bandage 40 or seeps.

Figure 4 now shows the perspective view of a solid stone 1a with channels 52 that are mirror-symmetrical to the transverse center plane 7 are arranged. In Figure 5 is a half-stone 40a with a Channel 52 can be seen.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment variant of the solid brick 1a. According to this variant, the solid brick 1a has recesses 53, those at the transitions of the long sides 2, 3 into the transverse sides 4, 5 as recesses 54 and in the middle of the long sides 2, 3 as Recesses 55 are formed. Figure 7 shows a half stone 40a, which also has recesses 53, which on the Transitions of the long sides 2, 3 into the transverse sides 4, 5 as Recesses 54 are configured.

FIG. 8 now shows a dressing 60 consisting of two solid bricks 56, 56a and a half stone 57 according to FIGS. 6, 7. Here is closed see that greening islands 58 through the recesses 53 be formed. The greening islands 58 are each through four recesses 54 or one recess 55 and two Recesses 54 formed. The greening islands 58, according to one variant only be filled with gravel, loosen the strict longitudinal alignment due to their regular arrangement on and thus allow the use of the shaped stones 1 also in Areas in which, for aesthetic reasons, an im Longitudinal bond laid stone 1 was out of the question. Consequently is the area of application of the shaped stones by the Greening islands 58 expanded.

According to a variant, not shown provided that on the underside 30 of the shaped blocks 1 of the Channels 52 from further channels to the greening islands 58 branch off in order to ensure an optimal supply of the Greening islands 58 plants used and an optimal one To take up the water.

FIG. 9 shows a further variant of the shaped blocks 1. In this variant, the spacing or toothing means 9 not mirror-symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane 6, but arranged offset to the longitudinal median plane 6 to in the edge area laid half-stones on the long sides 2, 3 contacting Full stones in both directions of the movement arrow 59 support.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

cast stone

1a

Solid block

2

long side

2a, 2b

half page

3

long side

3a, 3b

half page

4, 5

transverse side

6

Longitudinal center plane

7

Transverse center plane

8th

line of intersection

9

Distance or gear means

10-15

cam

22

contour

23

top edge

24

side edge

25

lower edge

26

contact area

27

pushing surface

28

cover surface

29

top

30

bottom

40

Association

40a

semi stone

40b

Solid block

40c

Solid block

41-46

cam

47

grid

47a

screen ruling

47b

screen ruling

48

interlocking pair

49

interlocking pair

50

free space

51

water drain shaft

52

channel

53

return

54

recess

55

recess

60

Association

56, 56a

Solid block

57

semi stone

58

greening island

59

movement arrow

60

interlocking pair

61

interlocking pair

62

interlocking pair

a

distance

b

cam width

Claims (8)

1. A system of shaped bricks comprising a substantially rectangular base and half bricks (1b), which are formed essentially by halving the full brick (1a) in the transversal central plane (7), for laying in a longitudinal bond, wherein the transversal central plane (7) at the longitudinal sides (2, 3) forms two sections (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b) in each case and each section (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b), which through longitudinal sides (2, 3) of a full brick (1a) divided by the transversal central plane (7) comprises at least two studs (12, 13; 14, 15; 43, 44; 45, 46), wherein in the bond the stud (12; 15; 43; 46) closer to one transverse side (4, 5) of the full brick (1a) with a stud (13; 14; 44; 45) of a counter-brick further from a transverse side (4, 5) forms an interlocking pair (48), which is spaced by at least one stud width (b) from an interlocking pair (49) which is formed by the stud (13; 14; 44; 45) further from the transverse side (4, 5) with the stud (12; 15; 43; 46) of the counter-brick closer to the transverse side (4, 5),
   characterised in that the studs (9; 12 to 15; 43 to 46) are disposed with mirror symmetry to the longitudinal central plane (6), wherein end contact faces (26) of the studs (9) having a roughly trapezoidal cross section are in contact with the lateral faces (2, 4, 5) of the full brick or half brick (1a, 1b), and wherein the distance (d) between the bricks roughly corresponds to a depth (t) of the stud (9).
2. A system of shaped bricks according to Claim 1,
   characterised in that a half brick (40a) is produced by halving the full brick (1a) in the transversal central plane (7), less half the depth of a stud (10, 11, 41, 42) provided there.
3. A system of shaped bricks according to one of the preceding Claims,
   characterised in that the stud (10, 41, 12, 15, 43, 46) closer to one transverse side (4, 5) or longitudinal side (2, 3) of the shaped brick (1) with its thrust face (27) close to the transverse side (4, 5) or longitudinal side (2, 3) is at least a distance (a) from the transverse side (4, 5) or longitudinal side (2, 3) which corresponds to half the stud width (b).
4. A system of shaped bricks according to one of the preceding Claims,
   characterised in that a water outlet duct (51) is constructed between the interlocking pairs (48, 49).
5. A system of shaped bricks according to one of the preceding Claims,
   characterised in that on its under side the full brick (1a) comprises channels (52) running with mirror symmetry to the transversal central plane (7).
6. A system of shaped bricks according to one of the preceding Claims,
   characterised in that the water outlet ducts (51), which are situated opposite with respect to the sectional straight line (8) of the longitudinal central plane (6) with the transversal central plane (7), are connected by the channels (52), wherein the channels (52) intersect.
7. A system of shaped bricks according to one of the preceding Claims,
   characterised in that the water outlet duct (51) discharges into a first channel (52), which connects the water outlet duct (51) to the water outlet duct (51) situated opposite with respect to the longitudinal central plane (6), and into a second channel (52), which connects the water outlet duct (51) to the water outlet duct (51) situated opposite with respect to the sectional straight line (8) of the longitudinal central plane (6).
8. A system of shaped bricks according to one of the preceding Claims,
   characterised in that each transverse side (4, 5) comprises at least two studs (10, 11; 41, 42), wherein the stud (11, 42) closer to the longitudinal central plane (6) with a stud of the counter-brick (10; 41) further from the longitudinal central plane (6) forms an interlocking pair (60), which is spaced from an interlocking pair (61) which is formed by the stud (10; 41) further from the longitudinal central plane (6) with the stud (11, 42) of the counter-brick closer to the longitudinal central plane (6), and wherein the stud (11; 42) closer to the longitudinal central plane (6) together with the stud (11; 42) of the counter-brick closer to the longitudinal central plane (6) forms a third interlocking pair (62).

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