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EP1152183A1 - System for treatment of items with a cryogenic liquid - Google Patents

System for treatment of items with a cryogenic liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1152183A1
EP1152183A1 EP01401030A EP01401030A EP1152183A1 EP 1152183 A1 EP1152183 A1 EP 1152183A1 EP 01401030 A EP01401030 A EP 01401030A EP 01401030 A EP01401030 A EP 01401030A EP 1152183 A1 EP1152183 A1 EP 1152183A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
enclosure
cryogenic
liquid
cryogenic liquid
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01401030A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Germain
Ludwig Debruyn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude, LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Publication of EP1152183A1 publication Critical patent/EP1152183A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/001—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F25D3/11—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F17C2223/045—Localisation of the removal point in the gas with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0121—Propulsion of the fluid by gravity

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a treatment installation objects by cryogenic liquid and in particular but not exclusively a cryogenic convection tunnel, as well as a cryogenic treatment process of objects.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an installation for treatment of objects with a cryogenic liquid and in particular a tunnel cryogenic convection which presents an organization such as the consumption of cryogenic liquid and for example liquid nitrogen can be reduced while maintaining the performance of said installation.
  • the predetermined pressure at which the liquid cryogenic is regulated output in the storage enclosure is included between 1.5 and 3 relative bars.
  • the installation is equipped with means for adjusting the flow rate of the cryogenic liquid supplying the enclosure using a first all-or-nothing valve having a flow rate D 1 in the open position and a second all-or-nothing valve mounted in parallel with the first valve and having a flow D 2 much lower than the flow D 1 whereby it is possible using two all-or-nothing valves to regulate the flow of cryogenic liquid in the treatment chamber according to the temperature measurement in this chamber and in relation to the set temperature to minimize the amount of cryogenic liquid used.
  • the treatment chamber is a convection tunnel in which there is an endless conveyor for the movement of the objects to be treated and of the ramps provided with a plurality of nozzles for injecting cryogenic liquid into the tunnel.
  • the liquid cryogenic is liquid nitrogen.
  • FIG 1 there is shown an enclosure 10 in which can introduce an object 12 which must be the object of a cryogenic treatment for example for freezing.
  • enclosure 10 there is a ramp 14 provided with injection nozzles 16 for injecting the cryogenic liquid inside the enclosure.
  • injection nozzles 16 for injecting the cryogenic liquid inside the enclosure.
  • fans or the like 18 for homogenizing by convection the temperature inside the enclosure.
  • temperature 20 to measure the temperature prevailing inside the enclosure 10.
  • the installation also includes a storage tank 22 for the cryogenic fluid in biphasic form, the liquid part being referenced 24 and the gaseous part 26.
  • the cryogenic fluid is nitrogen.
  • the storage enclosure 22 is associated with a regulation circuit 30 making it possible, by modification of the liquid-gas ratio, to regulate the pressure in the enclosure 22.
  • the lower end of the storage enclosure 22 is connected to the inlet of the injection manifold 14 by an isothermal pipe 32.
  • the pipe 32 is equipped in the immediate vicinity of its connection to the enclosure 22 with a pressure sensor 34 for measuring the pressure of the cryogenic liquid in this portion of said pipe 32 This pressure measurement P 1 is compared with a pressure setpoint P.
  • a control signal is transmitted to the pressure control circuit 30 in the enclosure 22 so that the pressure P 1 is brought back to the set value P.
  • the set pressure P is preferably between 1.5 and 3 bars relative. This set pressure should not be too high because the number of calories per gram available in the liquid decreases with increasing pressure. It is understood that this regulation of the pressure at the outlet of the enclosure allows a much more effective control than with the standard system 30 of pressure control measurement which makes it possible to regulate the pressure P 2 at the top of the enclosure . In particular, the regulation of the pressure P 2 does not allow precise regulation of the pressure P 1 due in particular to the possible variation of the filling with liquid of the enclosure 22 and therefore of the height H of liquid which corresponds to a hydrostatic pressure adding to the pressure P 2 .
  • Line 32 is also equipped with a flow control 36 for controlling the flow of liquid cryogenic supplying the ramp 14.
  • the sensor or sensors temperature 20 arranged inside the enclosure 10 transmit a effective temperature information to a control circuit 38 which compares the temperature measured at a set temperature T. The result of this comparison makes it possible to develop a flow control signal D which is applied to the flow control device 36.
  • the quantity liquid nitrogen consumed is limited as much as possible thanks to the pressure regulation of this liquid at the outlet of the enclosure 22, which allows to control the temperature of the liquid arriving at the injection manifold 14 and, on the other hand, thanks to the flow control of this liquid, this flow being adapted to the temperature conditions inside the enclosure 10, in particular in function of the opening and closing phases of this enclosure for allow the introduction and extraction of the object 12 to be treated.
  • This tunnel 40 is constituted by an enclosure elongated comprising a lower platform 42 and an upper wall and lateral 44 isothermal, provided at each of its ends with an opening 46 and 47 to allow the introduction and extraction of the objects to be treated.
  • a continuous belt conveyor 48 is provided nearby from the floor 42. This conveyor is driven by a motor 50.
  • the conveyor 48 has a first loading end 52 which is outside of the enclosure of the tunnel 40 and an unloading end 54 also at the end of the processing enclosure 40.
  • the tunnel is equipped with at least one temperature sensor 20 and preferably several temperature sensors and a plurality of fans or convectors 20 to ensure homogenization of the temperature at inside the enclosure 40 by convection effect.
  • the endless belt constituting the conveyor 48, being of preferably made of a metal, for example stainless steel, provision is made that the ends 52 and 54 of this conveyor outside the enclosure are as short as possible in order to avoid a rise in temperature of the whole of said conveyor.
  • the ramp 14 with its injection nozzles 16 supplied by line 32 through the device adjusting the flow 36.
  • the ramp or ramps 14 are made up of such so that the nozzles 16 are effectively arranged throughout the width of tunnel 40, that is to say in the direction orthogonal to that of figure 2.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a preferred embodiment of the flow control device 36.
  • This device which is mounted between the portions 32a and 32b of the pipe 32 comprises a first pipe 50 on which is mounted a first control valve by all or nothing 62 whose flow rate in the open position is D 1 .
  • This device 30 also includes a second pipe 64 in parallel with the pipe 60 on which is mounted a second valve 66 controlled by all or nothing flow D 2 in the open position.
  • the device comprises a third parallel pipe 68 equipped with a hydraulic resistor 70.
  • the valves 62 and 66 include means for controlling their open or preferably electrically closed state which are activated by the control circuit 38.
  • the flow derived in gaseous form which arrives in the ramp injection 14 when no liquid flow is present is intended to prevent that no liquid flow, the nozzles 16 of the boom 14 are not blocked for example by the crystallization or condensation of impurities which may be contained in the atmosphere filling the tunnel.
  • the control of the flow regulation device 36 is preferably carried out according to the following algorithm.
  • the temperature t measured in the enclosure is compared with a first threshold equal to T + T 1 , T being the set temperature to prevail in the enclosure, for example -80 ° C., and T 1 a positive temperature for example equal at 5 ° C.
  • T being the set temperature to prevail in the enclosure, for example -80 ° C.
  • T 1 a positive temperature for example equal at 5 ° C.
  • the first threshold is reached, the first valve 62 is closed, the ramp being supplied with the only flow D2.
  • the temperature t measured in the enclosure is then compared to a second threshold TT 2 , T 2 being a positive temperature less than T 1 and, for example, equal to 1 ° C.
  • This flow control mode allows the use of standard cryogenic solenoid valves. Nevertheless, it ensures the optimization of the quantity of cryogenic fluid used and of the "temperature drop" time of the tunnel 40.
  • cryogenic fluid storage enclosure 22 The enclosure itself is contained in an isothermal coating 70.
  • the lower end of the enclosure 52 is connected to the pipe 32 which is insulated using a very effective insulation 72.
  • the pressure regulation means with its control circuit 30 which receives from the sensor 36 the pressure setpoint information P.
  • the circuit 40 allows fluid to be taken from the lower part of the enclosure 22 cryogenic in liquid form, to pass this liquid removed by a heater 76 and reinject the cryogenic fluid under line 78 form of gas at the upper part 26 of the enclosure. We can thus act on the pressure P2 at the top of the enclosure to regulate the pressure at its lower sampling end via line 32.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

The cryogenic installation has a chamber (10) for processing an object (12), with a number of jets (16) to deliver cryogenic liquid. The cryogenic fluid is stored (22) in diphasic form and supplied to the jets by a conduit (32). The pressure of liquid leaving the storage is measured (34) and used by a regulator (30) of delivery pressure. A flow regulator (36,38) controls flow to the jets.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une installation de traitement d'objets par liquide cryogénique et notamment mais non exclusivement un tunnel à convection cryogénique, ainsi qu'un procédé de traitement cryogénique d'objets.The subject of the present invention is a treatment installation objects by cryogenic liquid and in particular but not exclusively a cryogenic convection tunnel, as well as a cryogenic treatment process of objects.

Les traitements par liquide cryogéniques d'objets sont très répandus, notamment pour réaliser la congélation de produits alimentaires emballés ou non. On sait que pour réaliser cette congélation, il est nécessaire de porter à coeur l'objet congelé à une température de l'ordre de -18°C. Pour obtenir ce résultat, il est bien sûr nécessaire de maintenir l'objet en question dans un environnement qui est maintenu à une température très inférieure à -18°C et qui est par exemple de l'ordre de -80°C.Cryogenic liquid treatments of objects are very widespread, especially for freezing food products packaged or not. We know that to achieve this freezing, it is necessary to bring the frozen object to heart at a temperature of the order of -18 ° C. To obtain this result, it is of course necessary to maintain the object in question in an environment that is kept at a very lower than -18 ° C and which is for example of the order of -80 ° C.

Dans de telles installations on utilise le plus souvent, notamment pour la congélation des aliments, de l'azote liquide comme liquide cryogénique de refroidissement.In such installations, it is most often used, in particular for freezing food, liquid nitrogen as liquid cryogenic cooling.

Ces installations, notamment les tunnels de convection cryogénique utilisant de l'azote liquide, présentent un grand nombre de sources de pertes de frigories et donc d'augmentation de la consommation en azote liquide nécessaire pour respecter les conditions de température imposées. Ces sources de pertes de frigories sont notamment, l'accès nécessaire à l'enceinte pour la circulation des objets ou la mise en place des objets dans l'enceinte, la régulation de température à l'intérieur de l'enceinte pour chaque cycle de congélation ainsi que les conditions de stockage de l'azote liquide ou plus généralement du fluide cryogénique et son acheminement jusqu'à l'enceinte cryogénique depuis la zone de stockage.These facilities, including convection tunnels cryogenic using liquid nitrogen, have a large number of sources of refrigeration losses and therefore of increased consumption in liquid nitrogen required to meet temperature conditions imposed. These sources of loss of frigories are in particular, access necessary for the enclosure for the circulation of objects or the installation of objects in the enclosure, temperature regulation inside the enclosure for each freezing cycle as well as the storage conditions of liquid nitrogen or more generally cryogenic fluid and its transport to the cryogenic enclosure from the storage area.

Un objet de la présente invention est de fournir une installation de traitement d'objets par un liquide cryogénique et notamment un tunnel à convection cryogénique qui présente une organisation telle que la consommation de liquide cryogénique et par exemple d'azote liquide puisse être réduite tout en maintenant les performances de ladite installation.An object of the present invention is to provide an installation for treatment of objects with a cryogenic liquid and in particular a tunnel cryogenic convection which presents an organization such as the consumption of cryogenic liquid and for example liquid nitrogen can be reduced while maintaining the performance of said installation.

Pour atteindre ce but, selon l'invention, l'installation de traitement d'objets par un liquide cryogénique comprend :

  • une enceinte de traitement apte à recevoir au moins un objet à traiter comprenant au moins une buse pour délivrer dans l'enceinte ledit liquide cryogénique ;
  • une enceinte de stockage du fluide cryogénique sous forme diphasique ;
  • une conduite pour relier au moins ladite buse à l'extrémité inférieure de ladite enceinte, des moyens pour mesurer la pression du liquide cryogénique à proximité de l'extrémité de raccordement de ladite conduite avec ladite enceinte de stockage ; des moyens associés à ladite enceinte pour réguler ladite pression à une valeur prédéterminée correspondant à un sous-refroidissement, et
  • des moyens de réglage du débit de liquide alimentant ladite buse.
    • To achieve this object, according to the invention, the installation for treating objects with a cryogenic liquid comprises:
  • a treatment enclosure capable of receiving at least one object to be treated comprising at least one nozzle for delivering said cryogenic liquid into the enclosure;
  • a cryogenic fluid storage enclosure in two-phase form;
  • a pipe for connecting at least said nozzle to the lower end of said enclosure, means for measuring the pressure of the cryogenic liquid near the connection end of said pipe with said storage enclosure; means associated with said enclosure for regulating said pressure to a predetermined value corresponding to sub-cooling, and
  • means for adjusting the flow rate of liquid supplying said nozzle.

    • On comprend que la disposition de l'invention selon laquelle on régule la pression du liquide cryogénique à sa sortie de l'enceinte de stockage à une valeur telle que le liquide soit dans un état de sous-refroidissement, permet d'introduire dans l'enceinte de traitement un liquide cryogénique ayant une caractéristique de température parfaitement définie et en particulier indépendante des conditions de stockage du mélange liquide-gaz contenu dans ladite enceinte de stockage.We understand that the provision of the invention according to which regulates the pressure of the cryogenic liquid as it leaves the containment storage at a value such that the liquid is in a sub-cooling state, allows a liquid to be introduced into the treatment enclosure cryogenic having a perfectly defined temperature characteristic and in particular independent of the storage conditions of the liquid-gas mixture contained in said storage enclosure.

    De préférence, la pression prédéterminée à laquelle le liquide cryogénique est régulé en sortie dans l'enceinte de stockage est comprise entre 1,5 et 3 bars relatifs.Preferably, the predetermined pressure at which the liquid cryogenic is regulated output in the storage enclosure is included between 1.5 and 3 relative bars.

    Selon une autre caractéristique préférée de l'invention, l'installation est équipée de moyens de réglage du débit du liquide cryogénique alimentant l'enceinte à l'aide d'une première vanne par tout ou rien présentant un débit D1 en position ouverte et une deuxième vanne par tout ou rien montée en parallèle avec la première vanne et présentant un débit D2 très inférieur au débit D1 par quoi il est possible à l'aide de deux vannes par tout ou rien de régler le débit de liquide cryogénique dans l'enceinte de traitement en fonction de la mesure de température dans cette enceinte et en relation avec la température de consigne pour minimiser la quantité de liquide cryogénique utilisée.According to another preferred characteristic of the invention, the installation is equipped with means for adjusting the flow rate of the cryogenic liquid supplying the enclosure using a first all-or-nothing valve having a flow rate D 1 in the open position and a second all-or-nothing valve mounted in parallel with the first valve and having a flow D 2 much lower than the flow D 1 whereby it is possible using two all-or-nothing valves to regulate the flow of cryogenic liquid in the treatment chamber according to the temperature measurement in this chamber and in relation to the set temperature to minimize the amount of cryogenic liquid used.

    De préférence, l'enceinte de traitement est un tunnel à convection cryogénique dans lequel on trouve un convoyeur sans fin pour le déplacement des objets à traiter et des rampes munies d'une pluralité de buses d'injection du liquide cryogénique dans le tunnel.Preferably, the treatment chamber is a convection tunnel in which there is an endless conveyor for the movement of the objects to be treated and of the ramps provided with a plurality of nozzles for injecting cryogenic liquid into the tunnel.

    Selon un mode de mise en oeuvre préféré de l'invention, le liquide cryogénique est de l'azote liquide.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid cryogenic is liquid nitrogen.

    L'invention concerne également un procédé de traitement d'un objet à l'aide d'un liquide cryogénique qui comprend les étapes suivantes :

  • on dispose ledit objet à l'intérieur d'une enceinte de traitement ;
  • on injecte ledit liquide cryogénique dans ladite enceinte à l'aide d'au moins une buse,
  • on alimente ladite buse à partir d'une enceinte contenant ledit fluide cryogénique à l'état biphasique,
  • on maintient ledit liquide cryogénique alimentant ladite buse à une pression sensiblement constante correspondant à un état sous- refroidi dudit liquide.
    • The invention also relates to a method for treating an object using a cryogenic liquid which comprises the following steps:
  • said object is placed inside a treatment enclosure;
  • said cryogenic liquid is injected into said enclosure using at least one nozzle,
  • said nozzle is supplied from an enclosure containing said cryogenic fluid in the biphasic state,
  • maintaining said cryogenic liquid supplying said nozzle at a substantially constant pressure corresponding to a sub-cooled state of said liquid.

    • D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront mieux à la lecture de la description qui suit de plusieurs modes de mise en oeuvre de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. La description se réfère aux figures annexées, sur lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de l'ensemble d'une installation de traitement cryogénique dans le cas où l'enceinte de traitement reçoit des produits individuels ;
  • la figure 2 montre de façon simplifiée en coupe longitudinale un tunnel à convection cryogénique ;
  • la figure 3 montre un exemple de réalisation de l'ensemble de régulation du débit de liquide cryogénique dans le tunnel ; et
  • la figure 4 montre l'enceinte de stockage du mélange liquide-gaz cryogénique et les moyens de régulation de cette enceinte.
    • Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear better on reading the following description of several embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples. The description refers to the appended figures, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a view of the whole of a cryogenic treatment installation in the case where the treatment enclosure receives individual products;
  • Figure 2 shows in simplified longitudinal section a cryogenic convection tunnel;
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of the assembly for regulating the flow of cryogenic liquid in the tunnel; and
  • FIG. 4 shows the enclosure for storing the liquid-cryogenic gas mixture and the means for regulating this enclosure.

    • En se référant tout d'abord à la figure 1, on va décrire un premier exemple de mise en oeuvre de l'invention.Referring first to Figure 1, we will describe a first example of implementation of the invention.

    Sur la figure 1, on a représenté une enceinte 10 dans laquelle on peut introduire un objet 12 qui doit faire l'objet d'un traitement cryogénique par exemple en vue de sa congélation. Dans l'enceinte 10, on trouve une rampe 14 munie de buses d'injection 16 pour injecter le liquide cryogénique dans l'enceinte. A l'intérieur de cette enceinte 10, on trouve également des ventilateurs ou un organe analogue 18 pour homogénéiser par convection la température à l'intérieur de l'enceinte. On trouve enfin un capteur de température 20 pour mesurer la température régnant à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 10.In Figure 1, there is shown an enclosure 10 in which can introduce an object 12 which must be the object of a cryogenic treatment for example for freezing. In enclosure 10, there is a ramp 14 provided with injection nozzles 16 for injecting the cryogenic liquid inside the enclosure. Inside this enclosure 10, there are also fans or the like 18 for homogenizing by convection the temperature inside the enclosure. Finally, there is a temperature 20 to measure the temperature prevailing inside the enclosure 10.

    L'installation comporte également une cuve de stockage 22 du fluide cryogénique sous forme biphasique, la partie liquide étant référencée 24 et la partie gazeuse 26. De préférence, le fluide cryogénique est de l'azote. L'enceinte de stockage 22 est associée à un circuit de régulation 30 permettant, par modification du rapport liquide-gaz de réguler la pression dans l'enceinte 22. L'extrémité inférieure de l'enceinte de stockage 22 est raccordée à l'entrée de la rampe d'injection 14 par une conduite isotherme 32. La conduite 32 est équipée à proximité immédiate de son raccordement à l'enceinte 22 d'un capteur de pression 34 pour mesurer la pression du liquide cryogénique dans cette portion de ladite conduite 32. Cette mesure de pression P1 est comparée à une valeur de consigne de pression P. En fonction du résultat de cette comparaison, un signal de commande est transmis au circuit de régulation 30 de pression dans l'enceinte 22 de telle manière que la pression P1 soit ramenée à la valeur de consigne P. Dans le cas de l'azote, la pression de consigne P est, de préférence, comprise entre 1,5 et 3 bars relatifs. Cette pression de consigne ne doit pas être trop élevée car le nombre de calories par gramme disponible dans le liquide diminue avec l'accroissement de la pression. On comprend que cette régulation de la pression à la sortie de l'enceinte permet un contrôle beaucoup plus efficace qu'avec le système standard 30 de mesure de contrôle de pression qui permet de réguler la pression P2 à la partie supérieure de l'enceinte. Notamment, la régulation de la pression P2 ne permet pas une régulation précise de la pression P1 en raison notamment de la variation possible du remplissage en liquide de l'enceinte 22 et donc de la hauteur H de liquide qui correspond à une pression hydrostatique s'ajoutant à la pression P2.The installation also includes a storage tank 22 for the cryogenic fluid in biphasic form, the liquid part being referenced 24 and the gaseous part 26. Preferably, the cryogenic fluid is nitrogen. The storage enclosure 22 is associated with a regulation circuit 30 making it possible, by modification of the liquid-gas ratio, to regulate the pressure in the enclosure 22. The lower end of the storage enclosure 22 is connected to the inlet of the injection manifold 14 by an isothermal pipe 32. The pipe 32 is equipped in the immediate vicinity of its connection to the enclosure 22 with a pressure sensor 34 for measuring the pressure of the cryogenic liquid in this portion of said pipe 32 This pressure measurement P 1 is compared with a pressure setpoint P. Depending on the result of this comparison, a control signal is transmitted to the pressure control circuit 30 in the enclosure 22 so that the pressure P 1 is brought back to the set value P. In the case of nitrogen, the set pressure P is preferably between 1.5 and 3 bars relative. This set pressure should not be too high because the number of calories per gram available in the liquid decreases with increasing pressure. It is understood that this regulation of the pressure at the outlet of the enclosure allows a much more effective control than with the standard system 30 of pressure control measurement which makes it possible to regulate the pressure P 2 at the top of the enclosure . In particular, the regulation of the pressure P 2 does not allow precise regulation of the pressure P 1 due in particular to the possible variation of the filling with liquid of the enclosure 22 and therefore of the height H of liquid which corresponds to a hydrostatic pressure adding to the pressure P 2 .

    La canalisation 32 est également équipée d'un dispositif de commande de débit 36 permettant de contrôler le débit de liquide cryogénique alimentant la rampe 14. Le capteur ou les capteurs de température 20 disposés à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 10 transmettent une information de température effective à un circuit de régulation 38 qui compare la température mesurée à une température de consigne T. Le résultat de cette comparaison permet d'élaborer un signal de commande de débit D qui est appliqué au dispositif de contrôle de débit 36.Line 32 is also equipped with a flow control 36 for controlling the flow of liquid cryogenic supplying the ramp 14. The sensor or sensors temperature 20 arranged inside the enclosure 10 transmit a effective temperature information to a control circuit 38 which compares the temperature measured at a set temperature T. The result of this comparison makes it possible to develop a flow control signal D which is applied to the flow control device 36.

    On comprend que grâce aux dispositions de l'invention, la quantité d'azote liquide consommée est limitée au maximum grâce d'une part, à la régulation en pression de ce liquide à la sortie de l'enceinte 22, ce qui permet de contrôler la température du liquide arrivant à la rampe d'injection 14 et, d'autre part, grâce au contrôle de débit de ce liquide, ce débit étant adapté aux conditions de température à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 10, notamment en fonction des phases d'ouverture et de fermeture de cette enceinte pour permettre l'introduction et l'extraction de l'objet 12 à traiter.It is understood that thanks to the provisions of the invention, the quantity liquid nitrogen consumed is limited as much as possible thanks to the pressure regulation of this liquid at the outlet of the enclosure 22, which allows to control the temperature of the liquid arriving at the injection manifold 14 and, on the other hand, thanks to the flow control of this liquid, this flow being adapted to the temperature conditions inside the enclosure 10, in particular in function of the opening and closing phases of this enclosure for allow the introduction and extraction of the object 12 to be treated.

    En se référant maintenant à la figure 2, on va décrire un mode particulier de mise en oeuvre de l'installation dans le cas d'un tunnel à convection cryogénique. Ce tunnel 40 est constitué par une enceinte allongée comportant une plate-forme inférieure 42 et une paroi supérieure et latérale 44 isotherme, munie à chacune de ses extrémités d'une ouverture 46 et 47 pour permettre l'introduction et l'extraction des objets à traiter. Dans ce mode de réalisation, un convoyeur à bande continue 48 est prévu à proximité du plancher 42. Ce convoyeur est entraíné par un moteur 50. Le convoyeur 48 comporte une première extrémité de chargement 52 qui est à l'extérieur de l'enceinte du tunnel 40 et une extrémité 54 de déchargement également à l'extrémité de l'enceinte de traitement 40. Comme on l'a déjà expliqué, le tunnel est équipé d'au moins un capteur de température 20 et de préférence de plusieurs capteurs de température et d'une pluralité de ventilateurs ou convecteurs 20 pour assurer une homogénéisation de la température à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 40 par effet de convection.Referring now to FIG. 2, we will describe a mode particular installation of the installation in the case of a tunnel to cryogenic convection. This tunnel 40 is constituted by an enclosure elongated comprising a lower platform 42 and an upper wall and lateral 44 isothermal, provided at each of its ends with an opening 46 and 47 to allow the introduction and extraction of the objects to be treated. In this embodiment, a continuous belt conveyor 48 is provided nearby from the floor 42. This conveyor is driven by a motor 50. The conveyor 48 has a first loading end 52 which is outside of the enclosure of the tunnel 40 and an unloading end 54 also at the end of the processing enclosure 40. As already explained, the tunnel is equipped with at least one temperature sensor 20 and preferably several temperature sensors and a plurality of fans or convectors 20 to ensure homogenization of the temperature at inside the enclosure 40 by convection effect.

    La bande sans fin, constituant le convoyeur 48, étant de préférence réalisée en un métal, par exemple de l'acier inoxydable, on prévoit que les extrémités 52 et 54 de ce convoyeur à l'extérieur de l'enceinte soient de longueur aussi réduite que possible afin d'éviter l'élévation de température de l'ensemble dudit convoyeur. Sur cette figure, on retrouve la rampe 14 avec ses buses d'injection 16 alimentées par la conduite 32 à travers le dispositif de réglage de débit 36. La ou les rampes 14 sont constituées de telle manière que les buses 16 soient disposées effectivement dans toute la largeur du tunnel 40, c'est-à-dire selon la direction orthogonale à celle de la figure 2.The endless belt, constituting the conveyor 48, being of preferably made of a metal, for example stainless steel, provision is made that the ends 52 and 54 of this conveyor outside the enclosure are as short as possible in order to avoid a rise in temperature of the whole of said conveyor. In this figure, we find the ramp 14 with its injection nozzles 16 supplied by line 32 through the device adjusting the flow 36. The ramp or ramps 14 are made up of such so that the nozzles 16 are effectively arranged throughout the width of tunnel 40, that is to say in the direction orthogonal to that of figure 2.

    Sur la figure 3, on a représenté un mode préféré de réalisation du dispositif de régulation de débit 36. Ce dispositif qui est monté entre les portions 32a et 32b de la conduite 32 comprend une première conduite 50 sur laquelle est montée une première vanne à commande par tout ou rien 62 dont le débit en position ouverte est D1. Ce dispositif 30 comporte également une deuxième conduite 64 en parallèle avec la conduite 60 sur laquelle est montée une deuxième vanne 66 à commande par tout ou rien de débit D2 en position ouverte. Enfin, le dispositif comporte une troisième conduite en parallèle 68 équipée d'une résistance hydraulique 70. Les vannes 62 et 66 comportent des moyens de commande de leur état ouvert ou fermé de préférence électrique qui sont activés par le circuit de contrôle 38. Lorsque les deux vannes 62 et 66 sont ouvertes, on obtient un débit maximal D1 + D2, lorsque seule la vanne 66 est ouverte, on obtient un débit D2, D2 étant très inférieur à D1. Lorsque les deux vannes sont fermées, on a seulement un débit dans la conduite 68, ce débit étant défini par la restriction 70 de telle manière qu'il corresponde à des conditions de pression dans lesquelles le fluide cryogénique est sous forme de vapeur. La fonction de ce débit dérivé est d'entretenir un flux gazeux dans les buses 16 même en l'absence de débit liquide.In Figure 3, there is shown a preferred embodiment of the flow control device 36. This device which is mounted between the portions 32a and 32b of the pipe 32 comprises a first pipe 50 on which is mounted a first control valve by all or nothing 62 whose flow rate in the open position is D 1 . This device 30 also includes a second pipe 64 in parallel with the pipe 60 on which is mounted a second valve 66 controlled by all or nothing flow D 2 in the open position. Finally, the device comprises a third parallel pipe 68 equipped with a hydraulic resistor 70. The valves 62 and 66 include means for controlling their open or preferably electrically closed state which are activated by the control circuit 38. When the two valves 62 and 66 are open, a maximum flow D 1 + D 2 is obtained, when only the valve 66 is open, a flow D 2 is obtained, D 2 being much less than D 1 . When the two valves are closed, there is only one flow in line 68, this flow being defined by restriction 70 in such a way that it corresponds to pressure conditions in which the cryogenic fluid is in the form of vapor. The function of this derived flow is to maintain a gas flow in the nozzles 16 even in the absence of liquid flow.

    Le débit dérivé sous forme gazeuse qui arrive dans la rampe d'injection 14 lorsqu'aucun débit liquide n'est présent a pour but d'éviter qu'en l'absence de débit liquide, les buses 16 de la rampe 14 ne soient obturées par exemple par la cristallisation ou condensation d'impuretés pouvant être contenues dans l'atmosphère remplissant le tunnel.The flow derived in gaseous form which arrives in the ramp injection 14 when no liquid flow is present is intended to prevent that no liquid flow, the nozzles 16 of the boom 14 are not blocked for example by the crystallization or condensation of impurities which may be contained in the atmosphere filling the tunnel.

    La commande du dispositif de régulation de débit 36 est réalisée de préférence selon l'algorithme suivant. La température t mesurée dans l'enceinte est comparée à un premier seuil égal à T+T1, T étant la température de consigne devant régner dans l'enceinte, par exemple -80°C, et T1 une température positive par exemple égale à 5°C. Tant que la température t est supérieure à T+T1, les deux vannes restent ouvertes. Lorsque ce premier seuil est atteint, la première vanne 62 est fermée, la rampe étant alimentée avec le seul débit D2. La température t mesurée dans l'enceinte est alors comparée à un deuxième seuil T-T2, T2 étant une température positive inférieure à T1 et, par exemple, égale à 1°C. Ce mode de régulation du débit permet d'utiliser des électrovannes cryogéniques standards. Néanmoins, il assure l'optimisation de la quantité de fluide cryogénique utilisée et du temps de "descente en température" du tunnel 40.The control of the flow regulation device 36 is preferably carried out according to the following algorithm. The temperature t measured in the enclosure is compared with a first threshold equal to T + T 1 , T being the set temperature to prevail in the enclosure, for example -80 ° C., and T 1 a positive temperature for example equal at 5 ° C. As long as the temperature t is greater than T + T 1 , the two valves remain open. When this first threshold is reached, the first valve 62 is closed, the ramp being supplied with the only flow D2. The temperature t measured in the enclosure is then compared to a second threshold TT 2 , T 2 being a positive temperature less than T 1 and, for example, equal to 1 ° C. This flow control mode allows the use of standard cryogenic solenoid valves. Nevertheless, it ensures the optimization of the quantity of cryogenic fluid used and of the "temperature drop" time of the tunnel 40.

    En se référant maintenant à la figure 4, on va décrire plus en détail l'enceinte de stockage du fluide cryogénique 22. L'enceinte proprement dite est contenue dans un revêtement isotherme 70. L'extrémité inférieure de l'enceinte 52 est raccordée à la conduite 32 qui est calorifugée à l'aide d'un calorifuge très efficace 72. Sur cette figure, on a fait apparaítre plus en détail les moyens de régulation de pression avec son circuit de contrôle 30 qui reçoit du capteur 36 l'information de consigne de pression P. Le circuit 40 permet de prélever, à la partie inférieure de l'enceinte 22, du fluide cryogénique sous forme liquide, de faire passer ce liquide prélevé par un réchauffeur 76 et de réinjecter par la conduite 78 le fluide cryogénique sous forme de gaz à la partie supérieure 26 de l'enceinte. On peut ainsi agir sur la pression P2 à la partie supérieure de l'enceinte pour assurer la régulation de la pression à son extrémité inférieure de prélèvement par la conduite 32.Referring now to Figure 4, we will describe in more detail the cryogenic fluid storage enclosure 22. The enclosure itself is contained in an isothermal coating 70. The lower end of the enclosure 52 is connected to the pipe 32 which is insulated using a very effective insulation 72. In this figure, we have shown in more detail the pressure regulation means with its control circuit 30 which receives from the sensor 36 the pressure setpoint information P. The circuit 40 allows fluid to be taken from the lower part of the enclosure 22 cryogenic in liquid form, to pass this liquid removed by a heater 76 and reinject the cryogenic fluid under line 78 form of gas at the upper part 26 of the enclosure. We can thus act on the pressure P2 at the top of the enclosure to regulate the pressure at its lower sampling end via line 32.

    Claims (9)

    Installation de traitement d'objets par un liquide cryogénique comprenant : une enceinte de traitement apte à recevoir au moins un objet à traiter comprenant au moins une buse pour délivrer dans l'enceinte ledit liquide cryogénique ; une enceinte de stockage du fluide cryogénique sous forme diphasique ; une conduite pour relier au moins ladite buse à l'extrémité inférieure de ladite enceinte de stockage ; des moyens pour mesurer la pression du liquide cryogénique à proximité de l'extrémité de raccordement de ladite conduite à ladite enceinte de stockage ; des moyens associés à ladite enceinte de stockage pour réguler ladite pression à une valeur prédéterminée correspondant à un sous-refroidissement, et des moyens de réglage du débit de liquide alimentant ladite buse. Installation for treating objects with a cryogenic liquid comprising: a treatment enclosure capable of receiving at least one object to be treated comprising at least one nozzle for delivering said cryogenic liquid into the enclosure; a cryogenic fluid storage enclosure in two-phase form; a pipe for connecting at least said nozzle to the lower end of said storage enclosure; means for measuring the pressure of the cryogenic liquid near the connection end of said pipe to said storage enclosure; means associated with said storage enclosure for regulating said pressure to a predetermined value corresponding to sub-cooling, and means for adjusting the flow rate of liquid supplying said nozzle. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite pression prédéterminée est comprise entre 1,5 et 3 bars relatifs.Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that said predetermined pressure is between 1.5 and 3 bars relative. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que ladite enceinte de traitement est un tunnel à convection cryogénique comprenant un convoyeur sans fin pour le déplacement des objets entre une extrémité d'entrée et une extrémité de sortie et au moins une rampe munie d'une pluralité de buses d'injection dudit liquide cryogénique dans ledit tunnel.Installation according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said treatment enclosure is a cryogenic convection tunnel comprising an endless conveyor for the movement of objects between an inlet end and an outlet end and at least a ramp provided with a plurality of nozzles for injecting said cryogenic liquid into said tunnel. Installation selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de réglage du débit de liquide alimentant la ou lesdites rampes comprennent une première vanne à commande par tout ou rien présentant un débit D1 en position ouverte et une deuxième vanne à commande par tout ou rien montée en parallèle avec ladite première vanne et présentant un débit D2 très inférieur au débit D1.Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that said means for adjusting the flow rate of liquid supplying said ramp (s) comprise a first all-or-nothing control valve having a flow D 1 in the open position and a second all-or-control valve nothing mounted in parallel with said first valve and having a flow rate D 2 much lower than the flow rate D 1 . Installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de réglage comprennent en outre des moyens pour mesurer la température à l'intérieur dudit tunnel, des moyens pour comparer la température mesurée à un premier seuil égal à T+T1, T étant la température de consigne pour le tunnel et T1 une température positive très inférieure à |T| et pour commander la fermeture de la première vanne si la température mesurée devient inférieure à T+T1 et des moyens pour comparer la température mesurée à un deuxième seuil égal à T-T2, T2 étant une température positive inférieure à T1, et pour commander la fermeture de la deuxième vanne lorsque la température mesurée devient inférieure au deuxième seuil.Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that said adjustment means further comprises means for measuring the temperature inside said tunnel, means for comparing the temperature measured with a first threshold equal to T + T 1 , T being the set temperature for the tunnel and T 1 a positive temperature much lower than | T | and for controlling the closing of the first valve if the measured temperature becomes lower than T + T 1 and means for comparing the measured temperature with a second threshold equal to TT 2 , T 2 being a positive temperature lower than T 1 , and for command the closing of the second valve when the measured temperature falls below the second threshold. Installation selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend en outre des moyens pour alimenter la ou lesdites rampes avec un faible débit de fluide cryogénique à l'état gazeux lorsque lesdites deux vannes sont fermées.Installation according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises means for supplying the said ramp (s) with a low flow rate of cryogenic fluid in the gaseous state when said two valves are closed. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que ledit liquide cryogénique est de l'azote.Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said cryogenic liquid is nitrogen. Procédé de traitement d'un objet à l'aide d'un liquide cryogénique comprenant les étapes suivantes : on dispose ledit objet à l'intérieur d'une enceinte de traitement, on injecte ledit liquide cryogénique dans ladite enceinte à l'aide d'au moins une buse, on alimente ladite buse à partir d'une enceinte de stockage contenant ledit fluide cryogénique à l'état biphasique, on maintient ledit liquide cryogénique alimentant ladite buse à une pression sensiblement constante correspondant à un état sous- refroidi dudit liquide. Method for treating an object using a cryogenic liquid comprising the following steps: said object is placed inside a treatment enclosure, said cryogenic liquid is injected into said enclosure using at least one nozzle, said nozzle is supplied from a storage enclosure containing said cryogenic fluid in the biphasic state, maintaining said cryogenic liquid supplying said nozzle at a substantially constant pressure corresponding to a sub-cooled state of said liquid. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit liquide cryogénique est de l'azote.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said cryogenic liquid is nitrogen.
    EP01401030A 2000-05-05 2001-04-23 System for treatment of items with a cryogenic liquid Withdrawn EP1152183A1 (en)

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    FR0005789 2000-05-05
    FR0005789A FR2808583B1 (en) 2000-05-05 2000-05-05 INSTALLATION FOR TREATING OBJECTS WITH A CRYOGENIC LIQUID

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    EP3847901A1 (en) * 2020-01-10 2021-07-14 L'air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and installation for transforming a liquid or pasty product into frozen particles in a rotary mincing device ( cutter )

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    GB2530727A (en) * 2014-09-26 2016-04-06 Linde Aktiengesellshcaft Flow control of cryogen through a nozzle
    WO2018164779A1 (en) 2017-03-06 2018-09-13 Mandak Holdings, LLC Cooling system and method
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    FR3081684A1 (en) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-06 Genialis PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A PRODUCT IN THE FORM OF PELLETS, PARTICLES OR FROZEN BALLS RICH IN GAS DISSOLVED AND EQUIPMENT THEREOF
    WO2019234341A1 (en) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-12 Genialis Method for obtaining a product in the form of deep-frozen, dissolved-gas-rich granules, particles or beads, and associated equipment
    EP3847901A1 (en) * 2020-01-10 2021-07-14 L'air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and installation for transforming a liquid or pasty product into frozen particles in a rotary mincing device ( cutter )
    FR3106036A1 (en) * 2020-01-10 2021-07-16 Air Liquide France Industrie Process and Plant for transforming a liquid or pasty product into frozen particles in a rotary chopping machine ("cutter")

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    Publication number Publication date
    FR2808583A1 (en) 2001-11-09
    FR2808583B1 (en) 2002-08-30

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