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EP1152183A1 - Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Gegenständen mittels einer kryogenen Flüssigkeit - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Gegenständen mittels einer kryogenen Flüssigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1152183A1
EP1152183A1 EP01401030A EP01401030A EP1152183A1 EP 1152183 A1 EP1152183 A1 EP 1152183A1 EP 01401030 A EP01401030 A EP 01401030A EP 01401030 A EP01401030 A EP 01401030A EP 1152183 A1 EP1152183 A1 EP 1152183A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
enclosure
cryogenic
liquid
cryogenic liquid
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01401030A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Germain
Ludwig Debruyn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude, LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Publication of EP1152183A1 publication Critical patent/EP1152183A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/001—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F25D3/11—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F17C2223/045—Localisation of the removal point in the gas with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0121—Propulsion of the fluid by gravity

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a treatment installation objects by cryogenic liquid and in particular but not exclusively a cryogenic convection tunnel, as well as a cryogenic treatment process of objects.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an installation for treatment of objects with a cryogenic liquid and in particular a tunnel cryogenic convection which presents an organization such as the consumption of cryogenic liquid and for example liquid nitrogen can be reduced while maintaining the performance of said installation.
  • the predetermined pressure at which the liquid cryogenic is regulated output in the storage enclosure is included between 1.5 and 3 relative bars.
  • the installation is equipped with means for adjusting the flow rate of the cryogenic liquid supplying the enclosure using a first all-or-nothing valve having a flow rate D 1 in the open position and a second all-or-nothing valve mounted in parallel with the first valve and having a flow D 2 much lower than the flow D 1 whereby it is possible using two all-or-nothing valves to regulate the flow of cryogenic liquid in the treatment chamber according to the temperature measurement in this chamber and in relation to the set temperature to minimize the amount of cryogenic liquid used.
  • the treatment chamber is a convection tunnel in which there is an endless conveyor for the movement of the objects to be treated and of the ramps provided with a plurality of nozzles for injecting cryogenic liquid into the tunnel.
  • the liquid cryogenic is liquid nitrogen.
  • FIG 1 there is shown an enclosure 10 in which can introduce an object 12 which must be the object of a cryogenic treatment for example for freezing.
  • enclosure 10 there is a ramp 14 provided with injection nozzles 16 for injecting the cryogenic liquid inside the enclosure.
  • injection nozzles 16 for injecting the cryogenic liquid inside the enclosure.
  • fans or the like 18 for homogenizing by convection the temperature inside the enclosure.
  • temperature 20 to measure the temperature prevailing inside the enclosure 10.
  • the installation also includes a storage tank 22 for the cryogenic fluid in biphasic form, the liquid part being referenced 24 and the gaseous part 26.
  • the cryogenic fluid is nitrogen.
  • the storage enclosure 22 is associated with a regulation circuit 30 making it possible, by modification of the liquid-gas ratio, to regulate the pressure in the enclosure 22.
  • the lower end of the storage enclosure 22 is connected to the inlet of the injection manifold 14 by an isothermal pipe 32.
  • the pipe 32 is equipped in the immediate vicinity of its connection to the enclosure 22 with a pressure sensor 34 for measuring the pressure of the cryogenic liquid in this portion of said pipe 32 This pressure measurement P 1 is compared with a pressure setpoint P.
  • a control signal is transmitted to the pressure control circuit 30 in the enclosure 22 so that the pressure P 1 is brought back to the set value P.
  • the set pressure P is preferably between 1.5 and 3 bars relative. This set pressure should not be too high because the number of calories per gram available in the liquid decreases with increasing pressure. It is understood that this regulation of the pressure at the outlet of the enclosure allows a much more effective control than with the standard system 30 of pressure control measurement which makes it possible to regulate the pressure P 2 at the top of the enclosure . In particular, the regulation of the pressure P 2 does not allow precise regulation of the pressure P 1 due in particular to the possible variation of the filling with liquid of the enclosure 22 and therefore of the height H of liquid which corresponds to a hydrostatic pressure adding to the pressure P 2 .
  • Line 32 is also equipped with a flow control 36 for controlling the flow of liquid cryogenic supplying the ramp 14.
  • the sensor or sensors temperature 20 arranged inside the enclosure 10 transmit a effective temperature information to a control circuit 38 which compares the temperature measured at a set temperature T. The result of this comparison makes it possible to develop a flow control signal D which is applied to the flow control device 36.
  • the quantity liquid nitrogen consumed is limited as much as possible thanks to the pressure regulation of this liquid at the outlet of the enclosure 22, which allows to control the temperature of the liquid arriving at the injection manifold 14 and, on the other hand, thanks to the flow control of this liquid, this flow being adapted to the temperature conditions inside the enclosure 10, in particular in function of the opening and closing phases of this enclosure for allow the introduction and extraction of the object 12 to be treated.
  • This tunnel 40 is constituted by an enclosure elongated comprising a lower platform 42 and an upper wall and lateral 44 isothermal, provided at each of its ends with an opening 46 and 47 to allow the introduction and extraction of the objects to be treated.
  • a continuous belt conveyor 48 is provided nearby from the floor 42. This conveyor is driven by a motor 50.
  • the conveyor 48 has a first loading end 52 which is outside of the enclosure of the tunnel 40 and an unloading end 54 also at the end of the processing enclosure 40.
  • the tunnel is equipped with at least one temperature sensor 20 and preferably several temperature sensors and a plurality of fans or convectors 20 to ensure homogenization of the temperature at inside the enclosure 40 by convection effect.
  • the endless belt constituting the conveyor 48, being of preferably made of a metal, for example stainless steel, provision is made that the ends 52 and 54 of this conveyor outside the enclosure are as short as possible in order to avoid a rise in temperature of the whole of said conveyor.
  • the ramp 14 with its injection nozzles 16 supplied by line 32 through the device adjusting the flow 36.
  • the ramp or ramps 14 are made up of such so that the nozzles 16 are effectively arranged throughout the width of tunnel 40, that is to say in the direction orthogonal to that of figure 2.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a preferred embodiment of the flow control device 36.
  • This device which is mounted between the portions 32a and 32b of the pipe 32 comprises a first pipe 50 on which is mounted a first control valve by all or nothing 62 whose flow rate in the open position is D 1 .
  • This device 30 also includes a second pipe 64 in parallel with the pipe 60 on which is mounted a second valve 66 controlled by all or nothing flow D 2 in the open position.
  • the device comprises a third parallel pipe 68 equipped with a hydraulic resistor 70.
  • the valves 62 and 66 include means for controlling their open or preferably electrically closed state which are activated by the control circuit 38.
  • the flow derived in gaseous form which arrives in the ramp injection 14 when no liquid flow is present is intended to prevent that no liquid flow, the nozzles 16 of the boom 14 are not blocked for example by the crystallization or condensation of impurities which may be contained in the atmosphere filling the tunnel.
  • the control of the flow regulation device 36 is preferably carried out according to the following algorithm.
  • the temperature t measured in the enclosure is compared with a first threshold equal to T + T 1 , T being the set temperature to prevail in the enclosure, for example -80 ° C., and T 1 a positive temperature for example equal at 5 ° C.
  • T being the set temperature to prevail in the enclosure, for example -80 ° C.
  • T 1 a positive temperature for example equal at 5 ° C.
  • the first threshold is reached, the first valve 62 is closed, the ramp being supplied with the only flow D2.
  • the temperature t measured in the enclosure is then compared to a second threshold TT 2 , T 2 being a positive temperature less than T 1 and, for example, equal to 1 ° C.
  • This flow control mode allows the use of standard cryogenic solenoid valves. Nevertheless, it ensures the optimization of the quantity of cryogenic fluid used and of the "temperature drop" time of the tunnel 40.
  • cryogenic fluid storage enclosure 22 The enclosure itself is contained in an isothermal coating 70.
  • the lower end of the enclosure 52 is connected to the pipe 32 which is insulated using a very effective insulation 72.
  • the pressure regulation means with its control circuit 30 which receives from the sensor 36 the pressure setpoint information P.
  • the circuit 40 allows fluid to be taken from the lower part of the enclosure 22 cryogenic in liquid form, to pass this liquid removed by a heater 76 and reinject the cryogenic fluid under line 78 form of gas at the upper part 26 of the enclosure. We can thus act on the pressure P2 at the top of the enclosure to regulate the pressure at its lower sampling end via line 32.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
EP01401030A 2000-05-05 2001-04-23 Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Gegenständen mittels einer kryogenen Flüssigkeit Withdrawn EP1152183A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0005789 2000-05-05
FR0005789A FR2808583B1 (fr) 2000-05-05 2000-05-05 Installation de traitement d'objets par un liquide cryogenique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1152183A1 true EP1152183A1 (de) 2001-11-07

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ID=8849946

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EP01401030A Withdrawn EP1152183A1 (de) 2000-05-05 2001-04-23 Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Gegenständen mittels einer kryogenen Flüssigkeit

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1152183A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2808583B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2530727A (en) * 2014-09-26 2016-04-06 Linde Aktiengesellshcaft Flow control of cryogen through a nozzle
WO2018164779A1 (en) 2017-03-06 2018-09-13 Mandak Holdings, LLC Cooling system and method
FR3081684A1 (fr) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-06 Genialis Procede d’obtention d’un produit sous forme de granules, particules ou billes surgelees riches en gaz dissous et equipement associe
EP3847901A1 (de) * 2020-01-10 2021-07-14 L'air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Verfahren und anlage zur umwandlung eines flüssigen oder pastösen produkts in gefrorene teilchen in einem rotierenden zerkleinerungsgerät (»cutter )

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2443017A1 (fr) * 1978-11-30 1980-06-27 Linde Ag Procede pour extraire des gaz de recipients
FR2712382A1 (fr) * 1993-11-08 1995-05-19 Thermo King Corp Installation et procédé de réfrigération ou de climatisation utilisant un cryogène.
US5477691A (en) * 1994-09-30 1995-12-26 Praxair Technology, Inc. Liquid cryogen delivery system
US5761911A (en) * 1996-11-25 1998-06-09 American Air Liquide Inc. System and method for controlled delivery of liquified gases

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2443017A1 (fr) * 1978-11-30 1980-06-27 Linde Ag Procede pour extraire des gaz de recipients
FR2712382A1 (fr) * 1993-11-08 1995-05-19 Thermo King Corp Installation et procédé de réfrigération ou de climatisation utilisant un cryogène.
US5477691A (en) * 1994-09-30 1995-12-26 Praxair Technology, Inc. Liquid cryogen delivery system
US5761911A (en) * 1996-11-25 1998-06-09 American Air Liquide Inc. System and method for controlled delivery of liquified gases

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2530727A (en) * 2014-09-26 2016-04-06 Linde Aktiengesellshcaft Flow control of cryogen through a nozzle
WO2018164779A1 (en) 2017-03-06 2018-09-13 Mandak Holdings, LLC Cooling system and method
EP3592523A4 (de) * 2017-03-06 2020-12-23 Nitrocrete IP, LLC Kühlsystem und -verfahren
AU2018230528B2 (en) * 2017-03-06 2024-03-14 Nitrocrete Llc Cooling system and method
US12044447B2 (en) 2017-03-06 2024-07-23 Nitrocrete Ip, Llc Cooling system and method
FR3081684A1 (fr) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-06 Genialis Procede d’obtention d’un produit sous forme de granules, particules ou billes surgelees riches en gaz dissous et equipement associe
WO2019234341A1 (fr) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-12 Genialis Procede d'obtention d'un produit sous forme de granules, particules ou billes surgelees riches en gaz dissous et equipement associe
EP3847901A1 (de) * 2020-01-10 2021-07-14 L'air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Verfahren und anlage zur umwandlung eines flüssigen oder pastösen produkts in gefrorene teilchen in einem rotierenden zerkleinerungsgerät (»cutter )
FR3106036A1 (fr) * 2020-01-10 2021-07-16 Air Liquide France Industrie Procédé et Installation de transformation d’un produit liquide ou pâteux en particules surgelées dans un appareil de hachage rotatif (« cutter »)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2808583A1 (fr) 2001-11-09
FR2808583B1 (fr) 2002-08-30

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