EP0995521A1 - Foundry moulding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Machine has four stations, station (A) to lay fill frame on mold frame, station (B) to fill molding sand into the mold frame, station (C) to compact and remove model plate from mold and station (D) to remove fill frame from mold frame. Division of work steps between four, time-parallel operating stations, decreases cycle time and mold frame only requires slight vertical movement. The machine has four stations, in a row one behind the other, together with the mold frame transport path (12). At the first station (A), the fill frame (5) is laid on the mold frame (4). In the second station (B), the model plate (1a) is raised under the form frame (4b) and the entire mold unit is filled with molding sand (22). At the third station (C), the compress and removal from mold is performed and at the fourth station (D), the fill frame (5d) is taken from the mold frame (4d) and transported to rear of mold machine to be brought back to first station. Removed model is returned to second station. Mold frame only needs to be raised slightly from its position on transport path into processing position to fill with sand and to compress it. Molding sand is filled into the mold frame during a specific time period and continually via a transport path and via a multistage aeration unit .

Description

The invention relates to a molding machine for the production of boxed sand molds, using one of top and bottom Sub-box model of existing model plate pair, whereby the individual work steps within a form line in a straight line one behind the other and working in parallel Stations are divided.

Various embodiments of molding machines are known from the prior art. In various embodiments, the sand is filled into the molding box and the compaction takes place in succession, with a movement of the sand filling vessel or the molding unit ( model plate, molding box, filling frame ) being necessary in between. This requires a lot of time and there is inevitably only a very short time for filling the sand into the molding box, which is known to be done by quickly opening the sand filling funnel by means of a blind or fish mouth lock. The resulting sudden filling of the pre-dosed amount of molding sand into the molding box leads to bridging of the molding sand over the narrower and deeper parts of the model, which are then not completely filled, which further leads to unsatisfactory compaction results because the pre-formed molding sand bridges are further reinforced during compaction and thereby Sand flow or the compaction flow in the deeper model pockets is hindered. It is also a disadvantage of this prior art that a distance of approximately 40% of the height of the molding box is required between the molding box and the filling frame in order to move the molding box with the excess molding sand underneath the filling frame without the risk of sand scraping. After compacting, this distance must first be traveled during demolding before the molding box is placed on the roller conveyor in the entrance to initiate the process of separating the model from the mold. Driving through this distance takes time because the lowering movement has to be gently accelerated and decelerated on this relatively short path, because high acceleration and deceleration values would lead to shocks that would propagate to the shape still adhering to the model plate and thus more sensitive to tearing Can lead bales of shape.

From the documents DE-3803648-A1, DE-3908203-A1, and DE-4305128-A1 known designs of molding machines, with which the sand filling in the mold box and the mold and Compression process in two separate stations in parallel is carried out, the transfer of the molding unit from the one to the other station via a turntable. Disadvantageous is that the lifting tables have relatively large strokes have to drive through so that the upper edge of the filling frame as Upper limit of the molding unit on the turntable below the neighboring one Shapes of the shape line and the shape bales above swivel through at an appropriate clearance can. Another disadvantage is that before and after the aparativ complex Rotational movement a multiple up and down movement of the Lift tables are required, which takes time and at DE-3908 203-A1 and DE-4305128-A1 also limit the sand filling time leads. This state of the art is also liable according to the three mentioned writings the disadvantage that when demolding first travel the distance described above with loss of time must be before the molding box in the entrance to the Roller conveyor touches down. All of these disadvantages have a significant effect Effort in functional time, resulting in a corresponding long cycle time of the molding machines.

Also known from the prior art is a molding machine design which is on the market and which has two separate stations for filling sand into the molding box and for the molding and compacting process, which are arranged in a straight line and directly one behind the other within the molding box transport path, as viewed in the direction of the molding box First the sand filling station centrally to the mold box center and immediately afterwards the molding and compression station within the next mold box center. The molding unit ( model plate, molding box, filling frame ) stacked in the sand filling station and filled with molding sand is clocked within the molding box transport path together with the molding boxes by one molding box division and thus reaches the molding and compression station. At the same time, a finished mold is moved out of the molding and compression station and an empty molding box is inserted into the sand filling station. At the same time, the model previously lowered in the molding and compacting station is transported back to the sand filling station on a level below the molding box transport path. Lift tables in both stations lift and lower the model plates. A single filling frame is used, which is transported back to the sand filling station with a separate drive on a level above the mold box transport path. The return transport takes place during removal from the mold and as soon as a corresponding minimum distance has been reached between the molding box and the filling frame. In the sand filling station, the model plate has in the meantime received the molding box so that the filling frame that has arrived is picked up after a residual stroke of the lifting table and the sand filling in the molding box can begin. This prior art has the disadvantage that the use of a single filling frame, despite a certain improvement compared to the previously described prior art, still requires a great deal of functional time, which leads to a correspondingly long cycle time of the molding machine and also considerably limits the sand filling time . Another disadvantage is that the distance described above must be covered with loss of time when demolding.

As a result, the above-described prior art became the molding machine design known from WO 95/31302. This version was compared to that previously described State of the art supplemented by a second filling frame, the in an additional and higher level from the compression station to the sand filling station at the same time as the mold box transport is transported back, whereby this return transport should not have any influence on the cycle time. Especially however, the extremely long distance is disadvantageous between the mold box conveyor track and the working positions when compacting and when filling sand into the molding box. The Driving through these extremely long paths takes time and lengthens thereby the cycle time of the molding machine and also limits also the time for filling sand into the molding box on. A particular disadvantage is that the still on the compact form lying on the model plate over an extreme long way must be lowered before the molding box to Demoulding is placed on the roller conveyor. The dynamic inevitable due to acceleration and deceleration processes Forces can tear off sensitive bales of form.

The object of the present invention is that described above Disadvantages of the different molding machine designs to avoid and suggest a molding machine with what by concentrating and reducing the cycle time-relevant Movements as well as the relocation of dead time-causing Secondary movements in functional units working in parallel, a significant reduction in cycle time and thus one significant increase in machine speed is achieved but also a correspondingly long time for an advantageous, time-stretched and finely metered sand filling in the Mold box should be available.

This object is achieved according to the invention by arranging four stations lying in a straight line one behind the other in a compact manner within a machine frame with the mold box transport path, the filling frame being placed on the mold box in the first station and the model under the mold box in the second station is lifted and the completed molding unit is filled with molding sand, the compression and demolding takes place in the 3rd station and the filling frame is removed from the molding box in the 4th station and transported to the rear of the molding machine by a cross carriage and from there via a roller conveyor and is brought back to the first station via a cross car belonging to station 1. The cycle from station to station takes place together with the mold box transport of the molding line, while at the same time the lowered model is transported from the 3rd station to the 2nd station on a level below the mold box transport path. Furthermore, part of the solution according to the invention is that the molding box only has to be lifted slightly from its position on the transport roller conveyor in order to get into the respective working position "filling sand into the molding box" ( station 2 ) or "compacting" ( station 3 ) . The same also applies to the transport of the molding box from the 2nd to the 3rd station, the molding box lying on the model plate being lifted only slightly from its position on the transport roller track.

With regard to the time-extended, finely dosing sand filling In the molding box, the object is achieved according to the invention by that the molding sand continuously within a certain time over a conveyor belt and over a multi-stage Aerator set is filled into the mold box, the aerator set arranged in a housing or sand guide funnel is that sits tightly on the filling frame when filling with sand and which has approximately the same inner cross section like the molding box and in particular via slot nozzles an air stream is sucked into the model plate, which the top of the housing or sand guide funnel over a Sieve can enter unhindered and without negative pressure and the one with the falling molding sand down through the case flows and thereby a gradually increasing and even Fills all model parts and sensitive model bags.

The molding machine according to the invention has a number of significant Advantages that are described below.

By placing and picking up the filling frame in the two Outstations become dead times in the actual molding process avoided and working strokes of the molding units significantly shortened. The empty molding box with the filling frame on top can with only a slight play of approx.15mm under the sand guide funnel drive in. Below is the model plate lifted under the molding box. The molding box will only about 8mm lifted off its transport roller conveyor. The model plate is at a level where the Roll the model plate roller conveyor with about 3mm clearance under the Swing in the model plate guide rail. After stopping the The model plate on your roller conveyor is located on the model plate Form box lying about 5mm (8-3!) above his Roller conveyor. After retracting the molding box with the Filling frame, the sand guide funnel is over a Short stroke device after approx.15mm stroke on the Filling frame attached. By lifting the molding box the sand guide funnel is pushed up slightly again and it sits tightly and tightly on the filling frame on. As soon as the model plate has gripped the molding box begins the sand filling. Because the mold box is filling up with sand already in transport position with regard to its height level the sand can be filled in until the Mold boxes last because the sand guide funnel is only about 10mm (15-5!) Must be lifted off the filling frame, what for the following Filling frame means an inlet clearance of approx.15mm. The sand filling is therefore about 60% of the total cycle time to disposal.

In the case of the molding box transport, the ones lying against each other are pushed together Molded boxes clocked by one division. Here the molding unit filled with molding sand reaches the compression station. At the same time it will be in the compression station countersunk model below the mold box conveyor transported back to the sand filling station. The bottom edge the fixed pressure frame of the compression station and the lower edge of the raised sand hopper lies on the same level. Therefore the upper edge of the filling frame moves the molding unit filled with molding sand with a low Play of only approx.10mm under the compression frame of the compression station on. The model plate runs on the one assigned to it Roller conveyor while the molding box is still a distance of about 5mm to its roller conveyor. The lifting table of the Compression station moves under the model plate and presses it Molding unit after a further stroke of only approx.10mm with a compression-dependent preload against the pressure frame the compression station, after which the compression takes place. The molding box has a distance of only about 15mm to it Roller conveyor on which it is placed after compaction. But in order to drive through after the compaction To avoid this 15mm in the entrance are the four outer ones Rollers of the molding roller conveyor in the area of the compression station mounted on adjustable eccentric bolts. After pressing the molding unit onto the pressure frame of the The four rollers are compacted by adjusting their eccentric bolts against the track of the Mold box pressed, which after compression and a gentle relaxation of the compression or Preload that Demold with the slow sinking of the model out of the mold can start immediately and without wasting time. The slow sinking is required to carefully separate the model and shape and according to a model-dependent way, the sinking of the model accelerated to a higher speed. After the model is completely lowered from the mold, become the four casters during the remaining downward movement the model plate in sync with each other to the level of other casters lowered, causing the molding box on his Roller conveyor is lowered. The eccentric bolts turn in the lower eccentric point, so that the molding box with a sinusoidal Movement smoothly with the speed value zero on the other roles. By relaxing gently the compression or Preload, which is immediately in the slow sinking of the model goes out of shape as well also by gently placing the molding box on his Transport roller conveyor, will be a particularly careful and vibration-free Treatment of the compacted form without wasting time enables.

Another variant is the four eccentric Do not close the casters against the molding box roller but push them up to a distance of approx Approach the molding rail. Here, after the gentle relaxation of the compression or Preload initially the entire molding unit slowly lowered by about 3mm, before the molding box on the eccentrically mounted rollers attaches, which then begins the demolding. Advantageous is that the relaxation of the compression or preload and the demolding are safely separated, the Time required to bridge the approx.3mm no noticeable negative Has an impact on the cycle time. This variant is also a particularly careful and vibration-free treatment the compacted form guaranteed. Overall, both work Variants without loss of time a vibration-free and gentle Demoulding, causing damage to the mold such as the Tearing off sensitive bales of form can be avoided.

A major advantage is that the filling frame outside the compression and demolding station removed from the molding box becomes, that is, when the model and form are already separated. The vibrations that occur when separating the filler frame and mold, as is the case, for example, with the prior art abrupt hold of the fill frame during the downward movement is the case and this shocks on the still act on the model adhering shape are in the inventive Molding machine does not exist.

The mold boxes are centered in the two outdoor stations. The two mold boxes between the sand filling station and the compression station have a slight Match each other so that an unimpeded vertical movement is possible. As for the mold boxes in the sand filling and Compression station a vertical movement of only about 15mm is required, the molded boxes remain with the minor Play within their push pins, i.e. on removing and threading the mold boxes during the vertical lifting movement is advantageously not required.

A pair of models is used to operate the molding machine according to the invention needed, so that an upper box and a lower box shape is produced in succession. With an in A willing model pair can be a flying model change be performed. Through the four in a row lying stations it is also possible with 2 or 3 model pairs to drive in constant model change, i.e. after every The model can be changed in cycles. This is special an advantage if e.g. a model with cooling iron or with exothermic Feeders must be equipped. The invention Forming machine offers the advantage that the models on the Orbit in front of the molding machine is freely accessible for handling are and especially when circulating with 3 model pairs sufficient handling time is available. If at Circulation with 2 pairs of models the somewhat shorter handling time available is not sufficient, can advantageously also Model combination are driven, for example, a Model pair molded twice in a row without the need for treatment while the other pair of models equipped with the necessary accessories in orbit and then into a unique molding process in the molding machine and what this 2: 1 cycle of lot size changes repeated accordingly. When operating with 2 or 3 pairs of models can find other models on a park lane outside of the orbit are ready for replacement.

Lifting the filling frame off the molding box, placing the Filling frame on the molding box and the return transport of the Filling frame from the lifting station to the loading station completely detached from the molding processes in the two middle stations expire. The filling frame is returned to the back of the molding machine via a driven roller conveyor or via a downhill roller conveyor. With the arrangement of the Return roller conveyor on the back of the molding machine is advantageous an existing dead space above the Pallet conveyor used. It is also advantageous that only a small distance between the molding machine and the pallet track What is required is short transport routes for molded case translators the molding plant means and what the Space requirements for the molding plant can be reduced. It there are a total of 5 filling frames in circulation, making the individual Steps in the filling frame circulation without time constraint within the molding machine cycle time can be carried out.

The molding machine according to the invention is within a clearly defined Machine frame compactly and clearly structured and it can be easily formed into a shape line or mold system, with a mold box cleaning device on the inlet side and a molding box turning device on the outlet side can be grown. In the inventive Molding machine can also do all common compression processes such as the air pulse method with its various Variants, the mechanical multi-punch press or Airflow pressing can also be easily integrated. For example, in Fig. 1 the air pulse method and indicated in Fig.3 the multi-punch airflow pressing.

A particular advantage is that the invention Molding machine a time-stretched sand filling in the Molding box allows for this, about 60% of the total cycle time is available. The molding sand is used during the available filling time continuously with a uniform and rectangular cross-sectional profile from a conveyor belt withdrawn from a storage bunker and over one in one Sand guide funnel arranged, multi-stage aerator set in filled the molding box. The width of the cross-sectional profile corresponds approximately to the internal dimensions of the molded box in relation on its transverse axis. This will initially go across the width of the molding sand inlet or across the transverse axis of the molding box achieved an even distribution of molding sand. The so in the cross-sectional profile evenly distributed molding sand falls in the middle the sand guide funnel and meets the multi-stage Aerator set. The multi-stage aerator set loosens on the one hand the molding sand and on the other hand is by a targeted Choice of the direction of rotation and the speed of individual aerator axes an even distribution of molding sand along the longitudinal axis of the molding box reached. In the first phase of approx. 2/3 the filling time is filled with sand in the mold box supports an air flow via slot nozzles in the model plate is sucked in. This airflow can pass through a sieve Enter freely at the top of the sand guide funnel and there is no intentional negative pressure effect in the molding space. On the other hand, the sieve prevents splashing out of molding sand due to the aerator effect. Because the sand guide funnel during the filling process, tight on the filling frame is seated, the entire molding space is sand-tight However not sealed airtight. This means that no molding sand can escape, which enables a particularly clean sand filling. The air flow flows down and with the falling molding sand supports in a particularly advantageous manner by suction of the molding sand, the even filling of all model parts, especially the sensitive, narrow and deep model bags, without a negative pressure with pre-compression effect to effect. Through the continuous and time-extended filling becomes a gradually increasing and even Filling all model parts and especially the narrow and deep model pockets ensured what a good and uniform compression is of particular importance. By gradually increasing the speed of the conveyor belt the initial filling can be at the maximum value critical model sections should be carried out with particular care. To Approximately 2/3 of the filling time is usually all model lots covered with molding sand. Filling the remaining mold space, which covers the upper area of the molding box and the area of the Filling frame does not require such careful filling more so that this room with the meanwhile reached maximum Speed value of the conveyor belt to be filled up can. Also for the last third the air flow is no longer required. This allows the model plate lifting table, over which the air flow is sucked in, lower it prematurely in time for the return transport of the model plate in the lower one Position to be. For filling sand into the molding box the available time as a fixed size is fully used. The dosage the amount of molding material depending on the respective model by changing the conveyor belt speed and / or by changing the layer height of the molding sand on the Conveyor belt via a slide at the outlet of the storage bunker set.

By an alternative embodiment, in which the model plate already lifted under the molding box in the first station the time it takes to fill the mold with sand be further extended because the available for this Time is made up of the total cycle time minus the mold box transport time results.

Fig.1

einen Längsschnitt durch die Formmschine mit einer von rechts nach links dargestellten Durchlaufrichtung der Formkästen.

• mit Station "A" zum Auflegen des Füllrahmens auf den Formkasten
• mit Station "B" zum Sandeinfüllen in den Formkasten
• mit Station "C" zum Verdichten und Entformen
• mit Station "D" zum Abnehmen des Füllrahmens vom Formkasten

Fig.2

einen Querschnitt durch die Sandeinfüllstation gemäß Schnittlinie B-B in Fig.1

Fig.3

einen Querschnitt durch die Verdichtungsstation gemäß Schnittlinie C-C in Fig.1

Fig.4

einen Querschnitt durch die Füllrahmenumsetz-Stationen und durch die Modellwechselstation.

• als Füllrahmenauflegestation gemäß Schnittlinie A-A in Fig.1
• als Füllrahmenabhebestation gemäß Schnittlinie D-D in Fig.1
• die beiden Stationen weisen eine identische Darstellung auf, wobei jedoch gemäß Schnittlinie A-A die Verdichtungseinheit (11) und die Rollenbahnen (26 und 86) nicht sichtbar wären.

Fig.5

eine Draufsicht auf den Füllrahmenumlauf gemäß Schnittlinie E-E in Fig.1

Fig.6

eine Draufsicht auf den Modellplattenumlauf gemäß Schnittlinie F-F in Fig.1

Fig.7

einen Ausschnitt aus einer Formanlage mit einem Beispiel, wie die erfindungsgemäße Formmaschine in eine Formanlage integriert werden kann, dargestellt in drei Schritten.

Fig.7a

Grundstellung der Formanlage vor Beginn des Formkastentransportes in der Achse "X" mit einem Oberkasten in der Verdichtungsstation

Fig.7b

Stellung der Formanlage nach der ersten Hälfte des Formkastentransportes in der Achse "X" mit einem Unterkasten in der Verdichtungsstation.

Fig.7c

Stellung der Formanlage nach der zweiten Hälfte des Formkastentransportes in der Achse "X" mit einem Oberkasten in der Verdichtungsstation. Danach folgt wieder die Grundstellung.

Fig.8

einen Längsschnitt durch die Formmaschine mit einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante für den Quertransport der Füllrahmen.

An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawings. Here show:

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section through the molding machine with a flow direction of the molding boxes shown from right to left.

• with station "A" for placing the filling frame on the molding box
• with station "B" for filling sand into the molding box
• with station "C" for compression and demolding
• with station "D" for removing the filling frame from the molding box

Fig. 2

a cross section through the sand filling station according to section line BB in Fig.1

Fig. 3

a cross section through the compression station along section line CC in Fig.1

Fig. 4

a cross section through the filling frame conversion stations and through the model change station.

• as filling frame laying station according to section line AA in Fig. 1
• as filling frame lifting station according to section line DD in Fig. 1
• the two stations have an identical representation, but according to section line AA the compacting unit (11) and the roller tracks (26 and 86) would not be visible.

Fig. 5

a plan view of the filling frame circulation according to section line EE in Fig.1

Fig. 6

a plan view of the model plate circulation according to section line FF in Fig.1

Fig. 7

a section of a molding system with an example of how the molding machine according to the invention can be integrated into a molding system, shown in three steps.

Fig.7a

Basic position of the molding machine before the start of the molding box transport in the "X" axis with an upper box in the compression station

Fig.7b

Position of the molding machine after the first half of the molding box transport in the "X" axis with a lower box in the compression station.

Fig.7c

Position of the molding machine after the second half of the molding box transport in the "X" axis with an upper box in the compression station. Then the basic position follows again.

Fig. 8

a longitudinal section through the molding machine with a further embodiment for the transverse transport of the filling frame.

1 shows a machine frame consisting of the head frame 6 , the base frame 7 and the column pairs 8 and 9 . The pair of columns 8 has a larger cross section for absorbing the compression forces. The pairs of columns 8 and 9 are also shown in Fig.5 and 6 . The compression unit 10 or 11 , which can be designed for different compression methods, is integrated in the head frame 6 . The roller conveyor 12 runs through the machine frame for the transport of the molding boxes 4 , which are each cyclically transported through the molding machine in the direction of the arrow 13 after the working cycles of the individual stations. The mold boxes lie against each other via their wear-resistant push bolts 14 . The transport roller conveyor 12 is attached to the columns 8 and 9 . Four workstations are arranged within the machine frame, the vertical axes of which are labeled "A" , "B" , "C" and "D" . The distances between these axes correspond to the mold box division on the transport roller conveyor 12 . The lower edge 10a of the compression station 10/11 and the lower edge of the raised sand hopper 22 have the same height level 23 , the clearance 23a between the height level 23 and the upper edge of the filling frame 5a entering station "B" and that from station "C" extending filling frame 5c is approximately 15mm. A mold box cleaning device 15 is installed on the inlet side of the molding machine and a mold box turning device 16 in the form of a drum turner is mounted on the outlet side.

In the axis "A" , the filling frame 5 is placed on the molding box 4 in the upper level and a model plate 2a is provided on the raised lifting table 28A in the lower level, which in the case of a model change coincides with the molding box transport 13 from station "A" is transported to station "B" . The illustration shows the filling frame 5a already deposited with the lowered filling frame lifting device 17 .

The molding sand is poured into the molding box on axis "B" . The illustration shows the bottom box molding unit which is already filled with molding sand up to line 18 and which consists of model plate 1b , molding box 4b and filling frame 5b . The model plate 1b is placed on its upper roller conveyor 19 and the molding box 4b is at a slight distance 20 (approx. 5 mm) from its roller conveyor 12 . The lifting table 21 , which has lifted the model plate 1b under the molding box 4b , is again in the lowered position and the sand guide funnel 22 is lifted off the filling frame 5b , the lower edge of the sand filling funnel 22 and the lower edge of the compression unit 10/11 or the Press frame 10a are at the same level. The slight distance dimension 23b between the upper edge of the filling frame 5b and the lower edge of the sand guide funnel 22 is approximately 10 mm.

The axis "C" compresses the shape and separates the shape and model ( demolding ). The illustration shows the molding process that has already been completed. The molding box 4c with the compressed top box shape stands on its roller conveyor 12 , the filling frame 5c rests on the molding box 4c and the molding material is compressed up to the line 24 . The lifting table or press table 25 is lowered, the upper box model plate 1a is ready on its lower roller conveyor 26 for transport back to station "B" and the upper model plate roller conveyor 27 is swiveled in and thus to accommodate the molding unit ( model plate 1b , molding box 4b and filling frame 5b ) station "B" ready. A small clearance 75b (approx.20mm) between the highest point of the model and the lowest point of the model plate is required for the return transport of the model plate 1a from station "C" to station "B" . The maximum outside dimension 75 is determined by the maximum model height 75a , the free dimension 75b and the model plate height 75c .

In the axis "D" , the filling frame 5d is removed from the molding box 4d in the upper level and the raised lifting table 28D is ready in the lower level to pick up the model plate 1a from the station C in the event of a model change, the transport being carried out simultaneously with the molding box transport 13 would be performed. The illustration shows the filling frame 5d which has already been lifted off and transported to the rear of the molding machine. The filling frame lifting device 29 is lowered and thus ready to receive the next following filling frame 5c .

In stations "A" and "D" the mold boxes are centered and locked via the centering piston 30 (Fig. 1,4,7). The centering is released only for the mold box transport 13 and then closed again. Because of the lifting cylinders 17a and 29a , the centering takes place outside the mold box center with respect to its longitudinal axis. This also has the essential advantage that the inevitable weakening of the molding box profile by the centering bushes 31 takes place in an area in which the molding box wall is least stressed by the internal pressure arising during compression, namely close to the area in which the signs of the moment areas of change plus to minus. Furthermore, the position of the molding boxes with respect to the eccentric arrangement of the centering bushes 31 remains unchanged due to the use of drum turrets within the entire molding system. The two molding boxes 4b and 4c are at the stations "B" and "C" between the centered and locked molding boxes 4a and 4d on their impact bolt 14, a slight clearance from ca.0,7mm per collision so that they freely the required vertical movements can perform. The centering piston 30 (FIG. 4) and the centering bushes 31 (FIG. 4) are designed such that the molding boxes are centered only in the horizontal direction, while the centering bushing 31 or the molding box is freely movable in the vertical direction to the centering piston 30 .

1 shows the starting position of the molding machine in accordance with the preceding description and the functional sequence , which will be described in more detail later, can begin in this position with the opening of the centering piston 30 and the subsequent mold box transport 13 .

2 shows a cross section through the sand filling station "B" according to the section line BB in Fig.1. In the left half section, the operating state during the sand filling in the molding box is shown, the current filling level being, for example, at the level of line 32 . The lifting table 21 has lifted the model plate 1b from the lower model plate roller conveyor 26 and moved it under the molding box 4b , which was lifted from its roller conveyor 12 by the dimension 33 (approx. 8 mm). The sand guide funnel 22 sits tightly on the filling frame 5b . The model plate 1b is so high that the rollers 19a of the horizontally adjustable or pivotable model plate roller conveyor 19 can move or swivel in with the play 34 (approx. 3 mm) under the track of the model plate 1b . The model plate roller conveyor 19 was retracted when the model plate 1b was raised in order to allow the model plate to pass through. The right half section of FIG. 2 shows the sand filling process that has already been completed. The molding unit is completely filled with molding sand up to line 18 . The lifting table 21 has moved into the lower position, the model plate 1b has been placed on the model plate roller conveyor 19 and the molding box 4b resting on the model plate 1b is at a slight distance 20 (approx. 5 mm) from its roller conveyor 12 . The sand guide funnel 22 is raised from the filling frame 5b , the distance 23b from the filling frame being approximately 10 mm. The right half section of FIG. 2 therefore corresponds to the starting position in this area, as in station "B" (FIG. 1). Links in Figure 2 is the Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn 71 and to the right in Figure 2, the pattern plate orbit indicated 86th The running bar of the model plate, which is raised by the dimension 35 , enables the free dimension 36 (FIGS. 1, 2 and 3) with an access or view possibility to the model plate, which is also true for FIG. 3 in the area of the compression station.

The sand filling device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a sand guide funnel 22 , the inside dimensions of which are slightly smaller by the dimension 37 than the inside dimensions of the filling frame 5 . In the event of dimensional inaccuracies, this prevents surface protrusions on the inside of the filling frame, on which molding sand could deposit. The sand guide funnel 22 is lined with Teflon 38 on the inside in order to prevent the molding sand from caking. Arranged within the sand guide funnel 22 is a three-stage aerator set 39 , the axes of which are mounted in bearing plates 40 attached to the outside of the sand guide funnel 22 and which are driven by the drive elements 41 and 42 . As shown in FIG. 1 , the aerator axes have different directions of rotation, which on the one hand bring about an optimal loosening of molding sand and on the other hand ensure a uniform distribution of molding sand in the longitudinal axis of the molding box. It makes sense to assign one direction of rotation to the left-hand drive unit 41 and the other direction of rotation to the right-hand drive unit 42 . The sand guide funnel 22 is suspended from a cylinder-operated lever system 43 , the two lever arms 43a and 43b (FIGS. 1 and 2) and the individual lever arm 43c (FIG. 1) being rigidly connected to a shaft 43d (FIG. 1). As a result, the two lever arms 43a and 43b are moved synchronously by the individual lifting cylinder 44 (FIGS. 1 and 8). The lever system is supported in the two bearing pillars 45 . The sand guide funnel 22 is suspended in the upper region via the pins 46 (FIGS. 1 and 2) on the lever arms 43a and 43b and in the lower region via the bolts 47 (FIGS. 1 and 2), which results in a precisely guided vertical movement of the Sand guide funnel is made possible. The aerator sets continue to run continuously during the operation of the molding machine, ie they are not switched off in the short time phase in which no sand is filled. In order to prevent the sand guiding funnel from vibrating due to the rotating aerators, the sand guiding funnel 22 is clamped non-positively in its upper and lower working position. The pneumatic lifting cylinder 44 has a corresponding stroke reserve, so that the sand guide funnel was pressed firmly onto the filling frame 5 in the lower position and pulled firmly against the stops 48 in the upper position.

The lifting table 21 has at least two guide rods 49 consisting of thick-walled tubes, which on the one hand have the function of the lifting table guide and on the other hand serve as a connecting line for air intake via the model plate. The guide rods 49 are connected at the lower end via flexible hose lines 50 to a controllable and disconnectable vacuum source 51 , with which an air flow regulated according to the requirements is generated. This air flow is sucked in via the slot nozzles 52 used in the model plate and guided via the model plate cavity 53 , the bores 54 and 55 and the cavity of the guide rods 49 to the vacuum source 51 . The air flow sucked in via the slit nozzles 52 has the effect that, with a correspondingly regulated intensity, together with the finely metered molding sand, a gradual and uniform filling of all model parts, in particular the narrow and deep-lying model pockets, is achieved without a negative pressure with pre-compression effect of the molding sand being produced. The main effect is that a uniform and fine or narrow bulk density of the grains of sand is achieved in all model sections while avoiding voids or air bubbles. This is an important prerequisite for optimal and even compression. To avoid a negative pressure effect in the mold chamber 56 , the sand guide funnel 22 is covered on the top in a sand-tight manner with a sieve 57 (FIG. 1), so that the air flow drawn in can enter the san guide funnel 22 and the mold chamber 56 unhindered. The screen 57 , on the other hand, prevents the molding sand whirled up by the aerators from splashing out. The air flow is particularly important in the initial phase of molding sand filling, in which the model sections are first filled. From a certain fill level, the air flow can therefore be continuously reduced until it reaches the value zero or is switched off approximately in the fill level range of line 32 . The lifting table 21 can then lower to its lower position up to line 18 during the rest of the filling, in order to release the roller conveyor 26 in good time for the model plate transport from station "C" to station "B" .

The molding sand is fed into the sand guide hopper 22 and into the molding chamber 56 via the conveyor belt 58 , which draws the molding sand from a storage bunker 59 and conveys it into the sand guide hopper 22 via the intermediate hopper 60 . The molding sand is drawn off from the storage bunker 59 through an appropriately designed outlet opening with a uniform rectangular cross-sectional profile 61 . The width of the cross-sectional profile 61 corresponds approximately to the inner width of the molding box 4 , so that a uniform molding sand distribution is achieved via the transverse axis. The side walls of the intermediate funnel 60 extend as lateral guide walls up to the storage bunker 59 and prevent the rectangular cross-sectional profile 61 of the molding sand from falling apart. The inner walls of the intermediate funnel 60 are lined with Teflon 38a in order to prevent the molding sand from caking. The molding sand evenly distributed over the transverse axis falls in the middle ( FIG. 1 ) into the sand guide funnel 22 and is then evenly distributed on both sides in the longitudinal axis of the molding box by adjustable guide elements 62 and by the aerators 39 and at the same time also loosened up. For example, part of the molding sand falling in the middle is whirled outwards by the opposite directions of rotation of the upper row of aerators, which are indicated in FIG . The further distribution and loosening takes place through the two lower rows of aerators. The sand distribution can be optimized by a variable adjustment of the speed and direction of rotation of the individual aerator axes. When the conveyor belt 58 is switched on, its conveying speed is gradually increased to the final value. This allows the initial filling of critical model batches to be carried out with particular care. The available time is fully used as a fixed size for sand filling. The dosage of the model-dependent amount of molding material is achieved by adjusting the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 58 and / or by adjusting the layer height 63 (FIGS. 1 and 2) via a slide of the storage bunker 59 .

3 shows a cross section through the compression station "C" according to section line CC in Fig.1. The right half section shows an operating state in which the molding unit filled with molding sand ( model plate 1a , molding box 4c and filling frame 5c ) together with the molding box transport 13 has been moved into the compression station on the horizontally engaged upper model plate roller conveyor 27 . The model plate 1a stands on the upper model plate roller track 27 wherein the mold box 4c located at a distance 20 (ca.5mm) is to its roller conveyor 12 and the filling frame 5c the spacing 23c (about 10 mm) to the lower edge 10a of the compressing unit 10/11 has. The lifting table or the press table 25 is still lowered and the model plate 1b is moved back on its lower roller conveyor 26 into the sand filling station of the axis "B" , so that the lifting table or press table 25 can lift up next. In the left half section, the lifting table or press table 25 is raised and has pressed the molding unit ( model plate 1a , molding box 4c and filling frame 5c ) against the frame 10a of the compression unit 10/11 . The lifting or press cylinders 64 (FIGS. 1 and 3), which in their double arrangement also serve as a guide unit, generate a pressing or pretensioning force with which the compression force can be absorbed without the molding unit being pressed down . The compression process is carried out in this position, the bores 55a being able to be connected, for example, to a vacuum source depending on the compression method used. After pressing the molding unit onto the frame 10a, the upper model plate roller conveyor 27 has been opened by horizontal adjustment or pivoting out, so that the model plate 1a can be lowered onto the lower model plate roller conveyor 26 after compression. After pressing the molding unit onto the frame 10a , the four rollers 65 (FIG. 1, 3) mounted on eccentric bolts 65a , which are arranged in the outermost region of the molding box sliding rails ( FIG. 1-65 ), were also adjusted by individual adjustment 67 (FIG. 3 ) the eccentric pin 65a (Fig. 3) is pressed under the molding barrel bar. The molding box 4c is at a distance d 66 (approx.15mm) from the normal level of the molding box roller conveyor 12 . After the compression process, the pressing or preload force is reduced without jerks and immediately afterwards the process of separating the model and form can begin, in which the lifting table 25 with the model plate 1a is first lowered in the entrance and after a model-dependent entrance path, the further lowering process smoothly to a higher one Speed is accelerated. It is particularly advantageous here that each of the four castors 65 lies flush and spaced against the molding box runner due to the individual adjustment 67 , even if the molding box ( for example due to the inclusion of sand between molding box and model plate ) should not lie exactly plane-parallel on the model plate. The process of separating the model and the form can therefore start particularly advantageously from the position that the molding box had assumed during compaction, so that there can be no harmful one-sided start of the separating process if the molding box has not placed exactly plane-parallel on the model plate. The form scrap is reduced considerably. After the model has fully been lowered from the mold, the four casters 65 are for the remaining downward movement of the pattern plate in synchronism with each other on the roller level of the mold box roller conveyor 12 is lowered, whereby the mold box by the dimension 66 (ca.15mm) is lowered and placed onto its roller conveyor 12 becomes. The eccentric bolts 65a rotate in the lower eccentric point so that the molding box gently touches its roller conveyor 12 with a sinusoidal movement with the end speed zero. In FIG. 3 , the filling frame return path 71 and the model plate circulation path 86 are also indicated. The running up of the model plate by the dimension 35 enables the free dimension 36 (FIGS. 1, 2 and 3) with an access or view possibility to the model plate, which also applies to FIG. 2 in the area of the sand filling station.

The functional sequence of the sand filling station "B" and the compression station "C" is independent of the filling frame circulation of the stations "A" and "B" and the axis "Y", which will be described in more detail later. Starting with the initial position shown in FIG . 1 and already described, the functional sequence of the two stations "B" and "C" working in parallel with the pair of model plates 1a and 1b is described below:

After the mold box centering 30 has been opened (FIGS. 1.4 and 7), the mold boxes 4 , which abut one another via their pushing pins 14, are moved by a transport cylinder 91 (FIG. 7) by a mold box division in the direction of the arrow 13 . The molded molding box 4c with its filling frame 5c enters station "D" , the molding unit filled with molding sand ( model plate 1b , molding box 4b and filling frame 5b ) enters station "C" and an empty molding box 4a with its filling frame 5a enters the station "B" . The model plate 1b runs on the swiveled-in roller conveyors 19 and 27 , while the molding box 4b resting on the model plate 1b has the distance 20 (approx. 5 mm) to its roller conveyor 12 and the thrust force transmission takes place via the equivalent offset 20a of the push bolts, the model plate 1b is taken from the molding box 4b fixed on it. All other molding boxes run on their roller conveyor 12 . Simultaneously with the mold box transport 13 , the model plate 1a runs back on its driven roller conveyor 26 from the station "C" to the station "B" . Only in the case of a model change would the model plate 1a move from station "C" to station "D" and the model plate 2a from station "A" to station "B" simultaneously with the mold box transport 13 . As soon as the model plate 1b has left the last roller 19b during the mold box transport 13 , the roller conveyor 19 is pivoted back horizontally so that the model plate 1a or 2a arriving in station "B" can be lifted off the lifting table 21 without delay. After the mold box transport 13 , the centering pistons 30 (FIGS. 1.4 and 7) are extended to center the mold boxes and at the same time the upward movement of the two lifting tables 21 and 25 is started. The mold box is centered during the first lifting half of the lifting tables 21 and 25 , so that the molding boxes are centered in the stations "A" and "D" when the lifting table 25 reaches the model plate 1b and the model plate 1a lying on the lifting table 21 reaches the molding box and thus the mold boxes in stations "B" and "C" can be moved freely with each other with little play. Monitoring on the control side ensures that the upward movement of the lifting tables is stopped in good time if the centering is incorrect. After centering the mold boxes of sand guide funnel 22 is put through the lifting device 43,44 on the filling frame, for which purpose only a small stroke of ca.15mm is required. The lift table 21 moves the pattern plate 1a under the molding box and lifts it, including filling frame ca.8mm of his runway 12 from. The sand guide funnel 22 is again pressed upwards against the elastic pressure of the pneumatic cylinder 44 by approximately 8 mm. In this lifting table position, the roller conveyor 19 is pivoted in again, the rollers 19a having the play 34 (approx. 3 mm) with the model plate roller track. Once the pattern plate 1a has reached the molding box, the sand-supply is turned on the conveyor belt 58th The vacuum source 51 was switched on somewhat earlier, so that the air flow sucked in via the slot nozzles 52 is fully effective at the start of the molding sand filling. After about 2/3 of the molding sand filling, the air flow is switched off and the lifting table 21 is lowered in order to enable the model plate to be transported from station "C" to station "B" in good time. The model plate 1a is placed on the roller conveyor 19 after a stroke of about 3 mm. The sand guide funnel 22 lowers by the same amount, but remains on the filling frame until the end of the molding sand filling. The sand filling time ends when the mold box centering 30 is opened , which means that a fixed time is assigned to it from the assembly of the model plate and the mold box. The model-dependent molding sand requirement is achieved by adjusting the conveyor speed and the acceleration of the conveyor belt 58 and / or by adjusting the layer height 63 (FIGS. 1 and 2). The sand guide funnel 22 is raised by the dimension 23b (approx. 10 mm) while the mold box centering 30 is opened. The work cycle of the sand filling station "B" is now complete.

The compression station "C" works in parallel to the sand filling station "B" . As described above, the upward movement of the lifting or pressing table 25 was started simultaneously with the upward movement of the lifting table 21 . The lifting or pressing table 25 moves under the model plate 1b retracted in station "C" and lifts it with the molding box and filling frame by the dimension 23c (approx. 10 mm) and presses the filling frame against the frame with a pretensioning force required for the compression 10a of the compression unit 10/11 , after which the compression process is triggered. The molding box is located at a distance 66 (approx.15mm) from its roller conveyor 12 and the model plate 1b at a distance 23d (approx.10mm) from its roller conveyor 27 . As soon as this position is reached, the roller conveyor 27 is pivoted back horizontally and the rollers 65 (FIGS. 1 and 3) mounted on the eccentric pin 65a (FIG. 3) are pivoted under the molding box track. After the compression process, the pretensioning force is reduced without jerks and immediately afterwards the process of separating the model and form can begin, in which the lifting table 25 with the model plate 1b is first lowered in a fine manner via a model-dependent path and then in high speed, while the model plate 1b is lowered onto its lower roller conveyor 26 discontinued. Once the model is completely out lowered from the mold, the four rollers 65 (Fig.1 u.3) during the remaining downward movement of the model plate 1b in synchronism with each other on the roller level of the mold box roller conveyor 12 is lowered, whereby the molding box 4b by the dimension 66 (ca .15mm) is lowered and placed on its roller conveyor 12 . Furthermore, during the downward movement of the model plate 1b, the roller conveyor 27 is pivoted back into the readiness to take up and the mold box centering 30 is opened as soon as the model plate 1b is lowered out of the region of the roller conveyor 27 . The working cycle of the compression station "C" is ended when the model plate 1b is placed on its lower roller conveyor 26 . Since the sand filling station "B" and the compression station "C" work in parallel and end their working cycle at the same time, a new working cycle can begin with the mold box transport 13 .

4 shows a cross section through the stations "A" and "D" according to the section lines AA and DD in Fig.1. The two stations are identical in the cross-sectional view, but the compression unit 10 and the roller tracks 26 and 86 would not be visible along the section line AA. The cross-sectional view of Figure 4 shows three axes, the molding machine axis with "X" , filling frame return roller conveyor with "Y" and the model plate orbit with "Z" . These axis designations are also shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7. In correspondence to the section line AA or to the station "A" , the filling frame 5 is transported from the axis "Y" to the axis "X" and placed there on the molding box 4 . The model plate 1 is transported from the axis "Z" to the axis "X" into the molding machine. In correspondence to the section line DD or to the station “D” , the filling frame 5 in the axis “X” is removed from the molding box 4 and transported from there to the axis “Y” . The model plate 2 is transported from the "X" axis to the "Z" axis out of the molding machine. Below the axis "Y" ( ie behind the molding machine ) is the pallet transport path 68 (FIGS. 4 and 7) of the molding system, with which the empty pallet trolleys are transported from the molding box separation station 69 (FIG. 7) to the molding box feed station 70 (FIG. 7) become. This illustration shows that the filling frame return path of the axis "Y" occupies an already existing dead space above that of the pallet path 68 and therefore no additional space or space is required for this.

The cross transport of the filling frame 5 from the axis "X" to the axis "Y" or vice versa takes place with the cross transport carriage 72A / D , which has the cylinder-operated grippers 73A / D for receiving the filling frame. The filling frame is transferred from the transverse transport carriage 72A / D to the filling frame return roller conveyor 71 or vice versa by the lifting table 74A / D.

In order to lift the filling frame from the filling frame return roller conveyor 71 in the station "A" , the transverse transport carriage 72A stands with open grippers 73A in the axis "Y" . The lifting table 74A lifts the filling frame 5 , the grippers 73A close and take over the filling frame. The lifting table 74A lowers again and the cross transport carriage 72A moves with the filling frame to the axis "X" . The placement of the filling frame 5 on the filling frame return roller conveyor 71 in the station "D" is reversed. The transverse transport carriage 72D stands with closed grippers 73D and with the filling frame 5 in the "Y" axis. The lifting table 74D moves under the filling frame, the grippers 73D open, the lifting table 74D lowers again and places the filling frame on the filling frame return roller conveyor 71 . The cross transport carriage 72D then travels to the axis “X” with the grippers open.

In order to lift the filling frame 5 from the molding box 4 in the station “D” , the transverse transport carriage 72D with open grippers 73D stands in the axis “X” . The filling frame is located with the molding box in station "D" and the molding box is centered and locked by the centering 30 . The lifting devices 29 (FIGS. 1 and 4) arranged on both sides of the molding roller conveyor 12 are lifted synchronously, the receiving plates 29c (FIGS. 1 and 4) attached to the crossbeams 29b (FIGS. 1 and 4) taking up the filling frame from Lift off the molding box. After reaching the upper position, the grippers 73D close and take over the filling frame, the two lifting devices 29 lower again and then the cross transport carriage 72D moves with the filling frame to the axis "Y" . Placing the filling frame on the molding box in station "A" is reversed. The transverse transport carriage 72A stands with closed grippers 73A and with the filling frame in the axis “X” over a filling frame-free molding box which is centered and locked via the centering device 30 . The lifting devices 17 (FIGS. 1 and 4) arranged on both sides of the molding roller conveyor 12 are raised, the mounting plates 17c (FIGS. 1 and 4) attached to the crossbeams 17b receiving the filling frame. Then the grippers 73A and the two lifting devices 17 lower synchronously and place the filling frame on the molding box, after which the transverse transport carriage 72A travels with the grippers 73A to the axis “Y” .

The filling frame 5 are secured on the mold boxes 4 against slipping. This takes place, for example, via the locking pins 76 (FIGS. 1 and 4) attached to the filling frame or via locking strips which are attached to the four outer corners of the filling frame ( not shown ). When changing from the sand filling station "B" to the compression station "C" , the filling frame surface is cleaned by the stripping device 77 (FIG. 1) in order to ensure a clean and sealing contact surface to the frame 10a of the compression unit 10/11 . The stripping device 77 lies on the adjusting screw 77a (FIG. 1) by gravity. During transport, the scraper 77b (FIG. 1) slides on and off again via the sliding bevels 77c (FIG. 1) attached to the filling frame transverse sides, so that the scraper device lies on the filling frame by gravity during transport.

The lifting of the filling frame from the molding box and the placing of the filling frame on the molding box as well as the entire filling frame circulation takes place independently of the already described functional sequence of the sand filling station "B" and the compression station "C" . Starting with the initial position shown in FIG. 1 and FIG . 5 , the filling frame circulation is described below, five filling frames being required in order to be able to carry out the individual work steps without time constraints within the molding machine cycle time.

With the molding box transport 13 , the molding box 4c with filling frame 5c enters station "D" and the molding box 4a with filling frame 5a enters station "B" . Furthermore, a new molding box without filling frame arrives in station "A" .

Simultaneously with the mold box transport 13 , the transverse transport carriage 72A of the axis "A" moves from "X" to "Y " with open grippers 73A and the filling frame 5e (FIG. 5) moves on the filling frame return path 71 from "YB" to "YA" . When the cross transport carriage 72A and the filling frame 5e have reached "YA" , the lifting table 74A (FIG. 5) lifts the filling frame 5e , then the grippers 73A close and take over the filling frame 5e , the lifting table 74A lowers again and then the driver moves Cross transport carriage 72A with the filling frame 5e to the axis "X" . There the lifting device 17 lifts and takes over the filling frame, the grippers 73A open, the lifting device 17 lowers and places the filling frame on the locked or centered molding box. The work cycle of the transport carriage 72A of the axis "A" is now complete.

After the filling frame 5e on the return roller conveyor 71 had previously reached the position "YA" , the filling frame 5d on the return roller conveyor 71 was moved from the position "YD" to the position "YB" .

Also at the same time as the mold box transport 13 , the transverse transport carriage 72D of the axis "D" travels from "Y" to "X" with the grippers 73D open. After the mold box transport 13 has ended, the mold box with the filling frame lying thereon is centered in the station "D" and the transverse transport carriage 72D has arrived in "XD" , the lifting device 29 lifts the filling frame from the molding box, then the grippers 73D close and take over the filling frame , the lifting device 29 lowers again and then the transport carriage 72D moves with the filling frame to the axis "Y" . There the lifting table 74D lifts and takes over the filling frame, the grippers 73D open, the lifting table 74D lowers and places the filling frame on the filling frame return path 71 . The working cycle of the transport carriage 72D of the axis "D" is thus ended.

8 shows a longitudinal section through the molding machine with a further embodiment variant for the transverse transport of the filling frames. Another design of the head frame 6a , which is only supported by the two middle pairs of columns 8 and 9 , enables the arrangement of the two transverse transport carriages 78A / D with the integrated lifting devices 83A / D. The lifting device consists of the lifting cylinder 81A / D , the guide units 82A / D and the lifting frame 83A / D , in which the same grippers 73A / D are arranged as in the first embodiment. The 78A / D cross transport carriage runs with four 79A / D prismatic rollers or with corresponding support and guide rollers on the guide or support rail 80A / D. The functional sequence is basically the same as in the first variant. In the second embodiment variant, the various vertical lifting movements, which take place in the same sense as in the first embodiment variant, are only taken over by a single traveling lifting device. The compression unit 10 or 11 and the sand guide funnel 22 remain unchanged integrated in the head frame 6a as in the first embodiment. The wind chamber 90 shown in FIG. 1 for the first variant can usefully be arranged in the available space above the filling frame return path 71 behind the molding machine for the second variant.

FIGS. 4 and 6 show the model plate changing device and the model plate circulation around the molding machine, with which different operating variants can be operated. The model plate changing device and the model plate circulation consist of the driven roller conveyors 26 , 85A , 85D , and 86 as well as of the lifting tables 28A , 28D , 84A and 84D , which also have driven rollers. This embodiment according to the invention enables a model plate change or a model plate circulation within the molding machine cycle time for all operating variants. In the prior art, the model plate is transported from the molding machine to the outer web or vice versa via movable roller conveyor segments. This has the disadvantage that the roller conveyor segment has to be unloaded in a time-consuming manner after the model plate has been moved and then returned empty again before it can accept a model plate again, which ultimately requires a correspondingly long cycle time for the model plate circulation and thus leads to an extension of the molding machine cycle time.

As one of the operating variants, the molding machine can be operated with a pair of model plates ( e.g. upper box model 1a and lower box model 1b ), with further pairs of model plates (e.g., places "A" and "H" and possibly also on places "G" and "F") 2a / 2b and 3a / 3b ) are parked and ready to be replaced. After a preset lot size has expired, a one-time model plate change is carried out, for example the model plate pair 1a / 1b being exchanged for the model plate pair 2a / 2b within two molding cycles and the inserted model plate pair 2a / 2b then being molded again for a preselected lot size in the molding machine. In the meantime, the exchanged pair of model plates in places "F" and "G" can be converted for the next use or can also be discharged onto the subsequent parking track 87 (FIG. 7) and replaced with another pair. The model plate change is thereby accomplished that when raised lift tables 28A and 28D (Figure 1) simultaneously with the molding box transport 13, the upper box model plate 1a by the station "C" at station "D" and the upper box model plate 2a of the station "A " to station " B " . Then the lifting tables 28A and 28D lower and subsequently the upper box model plate 1a runs on the roller conveyor 85D ( FIGS . 4 and 6) to the axis "Z" over the still lowered lifting table 84D , while at the same time the lower box model plate 2b runs on the roller conveyor 85A ( Fig.4 and 6) to the axis "X" over the still lowered lifting table 28A . The lifting tables 28A and 28D (FIG. 1) then lift, after which the lower box model plate 2b on the lifting table 28A is ready for changing into the molding machine and the raised empty lifting table 28D is ready for receiving the lower box model plate 1b . With the lifting of the lifting tables 28A and 28D into their upper lifting position, the stations "B" and "C" also ended their working cycle, so that at the same time as the mold box transport 13 in the same way as previously described, the lower box model plate 1b of the Station "C" to station "D" and the lower box model plate 2b are moved from station "A" to station "B" and then the lifting tables 28A and 28D are lowered again. Simultaneously with the lifting of the lifting tables 28A and 28D , the lifting tables 84A and 84D were also raised, so that also at the same time as the mold box transport 13 and the model plate change in the molding machine, the model plate transport from "E" to "F" and from "G" to " H "could run on the roller conveyor 86 of the axis " Z " and then the two lifting tables 84A and 84D then lowered again at the same time as the lifting tables 28A and 28D . Then a complete model plate change with upper and lower box model is carried out.

Another operating variant is that the mold machine cycle time involves constant model plate changes, for which two or three model plate pairs are required. The model plates are in constant circulation, with each model being molded only once. This operating mode is particularly advantageous if the models have to be treated before each molding process, for example by applying cooling iron and / or by setting exothermic feeders. For this purpose, the model plates between positions "E" and "H" of the axis "Z" are freely accessible by the operating personnel 88 . When circulating with three pairs of model plates, the dwell time for manual treatment of a model plate in the "Z" axis is the longest for a given cycle time. When circulating with two pairs of model plates, an extended dwell time can be achieved by molding one pair of model plates at least twice in succession without the need for treatment, while the other pair of model plates is treated in the meantime in the "G" and "F" positions of the "Z" axis and then a single molding process in the molding machine and then this 2: 1 cycle or 3: 1 cycle is repeated according to the lot size.

Since in an operating mode with constant model plate circulation between the positions "E" and "H" no model plates can be parked, a parking path 87 is arranged in the extension of the axis "Z" , on which the model plates can be parked and prepared. In the area of the "G" and "F" places, the roller conveyor 86 of the "Z" axis can be walked on via the gratings 89 using an appropriate safety device, thereby creating an access possibility to the front of the molding machine.

The model-specific parameters such as the amount of molding sand, Molding sand filling speed, type of compaction, compaction pressure, Compaction time, pouring funnel position, casting weight etc. are for each individual model in a data set stored, if necessary also with upper box / lower box identifier. The data record becomes the ID number assigned to the model in coded form on the model unit is attached. When entering the forma machine the coded ID number is read out, which means immediate access insists on the record so that the new parameters are immediately available and the molding machine is instantaneous can adjust to it. For passing on the parameters to external devices such as the funnel position, Cast weight, vaccine and the like, becomes the identification number loaded into a shift register and to the external devices Provision of the data record and the parameters contained therein spent again.

Another variant of the model plate circulation is shown in Figure 8 and in Figure 4. 8 axis "A" shows the lifting device 93A , with which the model plate can be raised to the level of the model plate roller conveyor 26 and also to the level of the model plate roller conveyor 19 . The lifting of the model plate to the level of the roller conveyor 26 corresponds to the previously described embodiment variant. Raising the model plate or the lifting table 93A to the level of the roller conveyor 19 represents a new embodiment variant in which the model plate is already lifted under the molding box in station "A" . As before, the molding box is also lifted from its roller conveyor 12 by the dimension 20 (approx. 5 mm), which is possible due to the vertical freedom of movement of the molding box centering 30/31 (FIG. 4) already described. In the case of mold box or model plate transport 13 , the model plate is then transported with the mold box and filling frame lying on it on the roller conveyor of the lifting table 93A and on the roller conveyor 19 from station "A" to station "B" . After about 3/4 of the mold box transport 13 , the lifting table lowers again into its lowest position so that it can take over the next model plate from the roller conveyor 85A in good time. The swing-out model plate roller conveyor 19 always remains pivoted in this operating mode. In this variant, the model plate is constantly changed and the model plate circulated over the axis "Z" , for which at least two pairs of model plates are required. The advantage of this embodiment variant is that a finished molding unit ( model plate, molding box and filling frame ) already moves into the sand filling station "B" and therefore a longer time is available for filling the sand into the molding box, which is important for particularly critical models. The sand filling can begin at the end of the mold box transport 13 and last until the start of the next mold box transport. The only difference to the first embodiment variant is that the lifting table 93A has a stroke 95 times longer than the lifting table 28A (FIG. 4), which ultimately only affects the guide units and the lifting cylinder. A tandem cylinder 100 with the two lifting sections 94 and 95 (FIG. 4) is used as the lifting cylinder, the lower apendix piston 101 with the lifting dimension 94 mechanically ensuring the dimensionally accurate height position for the roller conveyor level 26 . The upper main piston of the tandem cylinder 100 has a small stroke reserve, so that the lifting table 93A is pushed into its upper position against the attached at the four outer points stop pin 96 (Fig.4 u.8). As a result, the dimensionally accurate height position for the roller conveyor level 19 is ensured mechanically on the one hand, and on the other hand the long-stroke lift table 93A is stabilized during the transport of the molding box or model plate 13. With the much shorter stroke 94 to the roller conveyor level 26 , this stabilization is not necessary. The driven rollers of the lifting table 93A are uncoupled from their drive during the molding box or model plate transport 13 so that they can be freely rotated from the model plate. When using a hydraulic motor, the isolation is simply done by connecting or short-circuiting the two motor connections via a valve. The lifting table 21 , via which the air flow for the sand filling is conducted, lowers for the molding box or. Model plate transport 13 only so far that the model plate can be moved over it with a slight play of approx. 10 mm. Then the lifting table 21 lifts again under the model plate in order to transmit the air flow.

Since the double function of the lifting table 93A enables the model plate to be transported from station "A" to station "B" on roller conveyor level 26 and also on roller conveyor level 19 , the corresponding functional sequence can be carried out by simply switching over the control programs. This switchover can be done either manually at the push of a button or automatically via a previously described data record signal in connection with the model ID number. Basically, these operating modes can also be operated depending on the model in mixed operation with any combination of batch sizes.

The previously described embodiment variant for station "A" can of course also be used in station "D" . This also requires a lifting table 93D (Fig. 8, Fig. 4) with the double function described above. This can be useful if a time-extended compression process is used. The swing-out model plate roller conveyor 27 always remains pivoted in this operating mode and the lifting or pressing table 25 only lowers after compacting to such an extent that the model plate can be moved over it with a slight play of approx. 10 mm. The model plate with the compacted shape lying thereon is transported on the model plate roller conveyor 27 and on the roller conveyor of the lifting table 93D from the station "C" to the station "D" , where the demolding is then carried out. Movements adjacent to the demolding process and influencing it are only carried out when the model is free of the shape. Likewise, the mold box lock 30 in the station "D" is only retracted when the model is free of the mold, while all other mold box locks 30 (FIG. 7b) are retracted before the demolding process. For the compression process, including the slight up and down movement of the lift or press table 25 , the time between the mold box transports 13 is also available in this operating variant, just as in the sand filling in station "B" . In this operating mode, however, the mold box transport 13 is subject to increased requirements with regard to a jerk-free and smooth, yet fast movement sequence in order to avoid negative effects on the mold which still adheres to the model during transport. The variable function sequence with the 93D lift table can also be carried out here, as already described, by switching the control programs . The operating variants can also be operated in mixed operation depending on the model and in any batch size combination.

FIGS. 7a, 7b and 7c show an example of how the molding machine according to the invention can be integrated in a molding system. Figure 7a shows the basic position of the molding system and the molding machine before the start of the mold box transport in the axis "X" with an upper box in the compression station "C" . 7b shows the position of the molding system after the first half of the molding box transport in the "X" axis with a lower box in the compression station "C" . 7c shows the position of the molding system after the second half of the molding box transport in the "X" axis with an upper box in the compression station "C" . The next representation would again be the basic position according to FIG .

Based on the fast cycle sequence of the molding machine according to the invention and the resulting rapid cycle sequence of the mold box transports 13 (FIGS. 1 and 7), further measures are required in order to enable this rapid cycle sequence of the mold box transports 13 also in the area of the molding system. For this purpose, the known double translation devices 69 and 70 are first used, the device 69 being a molding box separating translation device and the device 70 being a molding box add-on translation device. The double function is that within two divisions an upper box and a lower box are transferred from or to the pallet conveyor 68 , the upper box being removed from the lower box ( separating ) and the lower box from the pallet in the device 69 , while the device 70 removes the upper box is placed on the bottom box (down) and the bottom box member on the pallet. Double the molding machine cycle time is thus available for the devices 69 and 70 and for the pallet track 68 . The transport cylinder 91 is arranged in the area of the separating translation device 69 and the double brake unit 92 for the mold box transport 13 (FIGS. 1 and 7) is arranged in the area of the additional translation device 70 . The devices 69 and 70 are designed so that they can work independently of the mold box transport 13 . The separating translator works so far that it travels with an upper box and a lower box over the transport cylinder 91 , so that the two molding boxes can be placed in the shape line "X" as soon as the transport cylinder 91 has moved back after a molding box transport 13 has been carried out. Conversely, the additional translation device 70 works so far that it runs empty over the double brake unit 92 so that it can accommodate the two molded boxes ( upper box and lower box ) as soon as the double brake unit 92 has been pushed back into its end position during the molded box transport 13 .

The special feature of the mold box transport 13 according to the invention is that the double brake unit 92 consists of the two brake cylinders 92a and 92b , which are connected to one another on their piston rods via the connecting piece 92c . Each of the two brake cylinders has the stroke of a mold box division. The transport cylinder 91 , however, has a stroke of two mold box divisions. The molding box is transported through the entire molding line in two sections. Starting from FIG. 7 a , the molded boxes are in front of the retracted transport cylinder 91 and the double brake unit 92 is extended. After the molding machine cycle and the opening of the centering 30 (FIGS. 1.4 and 7), the transport cylinder 91 shifts the mold boxes by one division, the brake cylinder 92 a being inserted and fixing the exact mold box division of the first transport section by its mechanical stroke limitation. This position corresponds to Fig.7b . The mold box centers 30 retract again and center the mold boxes. The transport cylinder 91 was braked smoothly in combination with the brake cylinder 92a and then pulled back a few millimeters in order to allow the mold boxes to be centered unhindered. After centering, the transport cylinder 91 is moved against the molding box again with very little force, so that it does not have to go through a dead stroke during the next half of the transport. The application force is so low that the mold box centering 30 is not impaired. Again after a molding machine cycle and after opening of the mold box centering 30, the transport cylinder 91 displaces the mold boxes by the next division, the other brake cylinder 92b being inserted, which also fixes the exact mold box division of the second transport section by its mechanical stroke limitation. The transport cylinder 91 was braked smoothly in combination with the brake cylinder 92b . This position then corresponds to Fig.7c . The mold box centers 30 retract again and center the mold boxes. The transport cylinder 91 moves back and then two new mold boxes are deposited by the separating translating device 69 in the form line “X” . At the same time, the molding boxes are lifted out of the shaping line "X" by the additional translation device 70 , after which the double braking unit 92 extends again. The molding system is back in the basic position and the next double cycle can begin.

Claims (30)

Molding machine for the production of box-bound sand molds using a pair of filling frames and a pair of model plates consisting of upper box and lower box models, whereby the molding unit is put together and the sand is filled into the molding unit in a first work station and the compression and demolding is carried out simultaneously in a second work station, whereby the two workstations are arranged in a straight line one behind the other, and between the two workstations there is a rectilinear fill frame return on an upper level and a rectilinear model plate return on a lower level, to which two movable shuttle roller conveyors connect on both sides to change the model plates the molding machine and an external model plate roller conveyor, characterized in that that the individual steps of the molding machine are carried out simultaneously in four stations arranged in a straight line, the filling frame being placed on the molding box in the first station "A", the molding unit being stretched in time in the second station "B" and filled with molding sand under the action of an air stream the compression takes place in the third station "C" and the filling frame is lifted off the molding box in the fourth station "D" , that the model plate can be lifted under the molding box either in station "A" or in station "B" , that the demolding and the subsequent lowering of the model plate can take place either in station "C" or in station "D" , that this division of the work steps enables a time-stretched filling of the molding sand into the molding unit, that the return transport of the filling frames from station "D" to station "A" takes place via the transverse transport carriages 72D / 78D , via the roller conveyor 71 arranged on the rear of the molding machine and via the transverse transport carriages 72A / 78A . and that four to six identical filling frames, in particular five identical filling frames 5a , 5b , 5c , 5d and 5e (FIG. 5) are used for the filling frame circulation. Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the four stations "A" , "B" , "C" and "D" are arranged in a machine frame consisting of the base frame 7 , the pairs of columns 8 and 9 and the head frame 6 and 6a and in the area of the molded roller conveyor 12 integrated in the machine frame are, that the division between the individual stations corresponds to the division of the molding boxes and the individual stations are each arranged centrally to the center of the molding box and that the four stations "A" , "B" , "C" and "D" are run through in time with the mold box transport 13 . Molding machine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the cross transport car 72A / D or 78A / D , the compression station 10/11 and the vertically movable sand hopper 22 are integrated in the head frame 6 or 6a and that the lower edge of the raised sand hopper 22 and the lower edge of the frame 10a of the compacting station have the same height level 23 . Fora machine according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the clearance 23a between the height level 23 and the upper edge of the filling frame 5 is 3 mm to 50 mm, but in particular 15 mm if the molding box 4 with the filling frame 5 rests on the rollers of the molding box roller conveyor 12 , that the clearance 23b / 23c between the height level 23 and the upper edge of the filling frame 5 is 3 mm to 40 mm, but in particular 10 mm if the model plate with the molding box 4 and the filling frame 5 rests on the rollers of the model plate roller conveyor 19/27 , that the clearance 20 between the molding box track and the rollers of the molding box roller conveyor 12 is 3mm to 10mm, but in particular 5mm when the model plate with the molding box 4 and the filling frame 5 rests on the rollers of the model plate roller conveyor 19/27 and that the vertical movements of the molding boxes 4b / 4c take place only in the area of the clearance 23a and the molding boxes are not moved out of the centering or overlap area of their push pins 14 . Molding machine according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the molding boxes 4a / 4d in stations "A" and "D" are locked horizontally in the axial direction "X" by the locking pistons 30 , that the molding boxes 4b / 4c in stations "B" and "C" are centered with the usual play by the locked molding boxes 4a / 4d , that the mold boxes 4a / 4d locked horizontally in the axial direction "X" are free in the vertical direction through the use of flat hole centering bushes in the mold boxes and that the mold box lock 30 is attached off-center approximately in the area of the mold box in which the moment surfaces arising from the lateral compression pressure change their signs, thus preventing a weakening of the mold box profile by the locking bushes and which also enables the central arrangement of the lifting cylinders 17a and 29a . Molding machine according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the four rollers 65 are mounted on radially adjustable eccentric bolts 65a , the rollers 65 in the lowest eccentric position being level with the rollers of the molding roller conveyor 12 and in the eccentric position pivoted upward by the dimension 66 individually against the roller track of the molding box raised into the compression position 4c can be pressed and that the dimension 66 is 3mm to 50mm, but especially 15mm. Molding machine according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the demoulding begins without a previous idle stroke immediately after the compression and the pressure force relaxation by the rollers 65, which are in contact with the molding box track and without any distance, that the demolding begins from the position that the model and the molding box had assumed during the compression. and that the mold box 4c after the complete separation of the model and the mold and during the remaining rapid traverse lowering of the model by synchronously lowering the eccentric bolts 65a with a sinusoidal speed profile is placed on the roller conveyor 12 without bumps. Molding machine according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the four rollers 65 are brought by an adjustable swivel limitation of the individual eccentric bolts 65a at a plane-parallel distance of 2mm to 6mm, but in particular 3mm to the roller track of the molding box 4c located in the compression position and that after the compression process this distance is traveled through at the entrance, before the mold box for demolding is placed on the four rollers 65 . Molding machine according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the model plate roller conveyors 19 and 27 are designed to be horizontally displaceable or pivotable in order to enable the vertical lifting movement of the model plate in stations "B" and "C" up to level area 34 . and that the track of the model plate is raised by the measure 35 in order to enable the free viewing and access distance 36 . Filling frame transfer device according to claims 1 to 3 and 5, characterized in that that the transverse transport carriages 72A and 72D running and guided in the rails 99A and 99D are arranged in the head frame 6, which have the cylinder-operated grippers 73A and 73D and the locking cams 98A and 98D for receiving the filling frame, and what the filling frames in the station "A " from the filling frame return path axis " Y " to the forming line axis " X " and in station " D " from the forming line axis " X " to the filling frame return path axis " Y " and that the cross transport car 72A or. 72D have a moving axle drive or a stationary drive in the form of a chain hoist, cable pull or cylinder drive. Filling frame transfer device according to claims 1 to 3, 5 and 10, characterized in that that the lifting device 17 is arranged on the molding box roller conveyor 12 of the station "A" , which takes over the filling frame 5a from the transverse transport carriage 72A in the raised state with the mounting plates 17c and after opening the grippers 73A and with the lowering of the lifting device 17 onto the molding box 4a discards and that the lifting device 29 is arranged on the molding box roller conveyor 12 of the station "D" , which lifts the filling frame 5d from the molding box 4d with the mounting plates 29c and the lifted filling frame 5d is taken over from the transverse transport carriage 72D by closing the grippers 73D and then lowering the lifting device 29 becomes. Filling frame transfer device according to claims 1 to 3, 5, 10 and 11, characterized in that that in the "YA" position of the filling frame return path 71, the lifting device 74A is arranged, which lifts the filling frame from the filling frame return path 71 and the raised filling frame is taken over by the cross transport carriage 72A by closing the grippers 73A and then lowering the lifting device 74A and that the lifting device 74D is arranged in the position "YD" of the filling frame return path 71 , which takes over the filling frame from the transverse transport carriage 72D in the raised state and places it on the filling frame return path 71 after the opening of the grippers 73D and with the lowering of the lifting device 74D . Filling frame transfer device according to claims 1 to 3, 5 and 10 to 12, characterized in that that a filling frame return path 71 is arranged in the axis "Y" behind the molding machine, via which the filling frames are transported from the station "YD" via the intermediate station "YB" to the end station "YA" and that the filling frame return path 71 can be designed as a driven roller conveyor with at least two drive sections YD-YB and YB-YA or as a gradient roller conveyor with a stop release device in the station YB . Filling frame transfer device as an alternative embodiment according to claims 1 to 3 and 5, characterized in that that the transverse transport carriages 78A and 78D have a bracket construction and run and are guided via the prism rollers 79A / 79D or via running and support rollers on the crossbar 80A / 80D attached to the head frame 6a , that the 78A / 78D cross transport wagons have a traveling roller drive or a stationary chain hoist, cable pull or cylinder drive and that the transverse transport carriages 78A and 78D have a lifting device 83A / 83D with the locking cams 98A / 98D , the grippers 73A / 73D , the guide rods 82A / 82D and the cylinders 81A / 81D . Filling frame translating device according to claims 1 to 3, 5 and 14, characterized in that that the lifting device 83A with the grippers 73A lifts the filling frame in the station "YA" out of the filling frame return path 71 and, after translating to the station "A", places the axis "X" on the molding box 4a and after the empty lifting again to the axis "Y " drives back and that the lifting device 83D with the grippers 73D lifts the filling frame in the station "D" of the axis "X" from the molding box 4d and, after being translated to the station "YD" , places it on the filling frame return path 71 and after the empty lifting again to the axis "X"" drives back. Filling frame according to claims 1 to 3, 5 and 10 to 15, characterized in that that the filling frame has a circumferential bar 97 for reinforcing the profile, which is used on the long sides as a running bar for the filling frame return path 71 and as a gripping bar for the grippers 73A / 73D , that the filling frame has the centering elements 76 for centering it on the molding box and that the filling frame has on its top and bottom slopes 77c for sliding the cleaning bar 77b up and down. Molding machine according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that that the molding machine is operated with a pair of model plates consisting of a top box and bottom box model, the molding sequence of the model plates on the roller conveyors 19 and 27 from station "B" to station "C" and the return of the model plates on the roller conveyor 26 from station "C " after station " B " , that when a model plate is changed together with the mold box transport 13, a model plate to be exchanged is introduced from the station "A" via the roller conveyor of the lifting table 28A or 93A and via the roller conveyor 26 to the station "B" into the molding machine and a model plate to be exchanged from the station " C "is removed from the molding machine via the roller conveyor 26 and the roller conveyor of the lifting table 28D or 93D to the station " D " , that the molding machine is operated with two or three pairs of model plates, each consisting of an upper box and a lower box model, the molding sequence of the model plates being carried out via the stations "A" - "B" - "C" - "D" of the axis "X" and the return of the Model plates are made via the stations "E" - "F" - "G" - "H" of the axis "Z" , that when operating with two or three pairs of model plates during the throughput and dwell time at stations "F" and "G" of the axis "Z", model treatment such as the application of cooling iron or the setting of exothermic feeders can be carried out, and that the dwell time for model treatment at the stations "F" and "G" of the axis "Z" can be extended by a combined rhythm operation, in that a pair of model plates without treatment needs with the form sequence from station "B" to station "C" via the roller conveyors 19 and 27 and with model plate return from station "C" to station "B" over the roller conveyor 26 two or more times in succession and then the second or the second and third pair of model plates are each driven through the molding machine for a unique molding process and then the rhythm sequence is repeated according to the lot size. Molding machine according to claims 1 to 9 and 17, characterized in that the model plate circulation has the lift tables 28A / 28D or 93A / 93D and 84A / 84D provided with driven roller conveyors and the driven roller conveyors 26 , 85A , 85D and 86 and that the lifting tables 93A and 93D have a double function, with which the model plates can be raised to the level of the model plate roller conveyor 26 or to the level of the model plate roller conveyor 19 and 27 . Molding machine according to claims 1 to 9 and 17 and 18, characterized in that the lifting table 93A lifts the model plate by the dimension 94 when changing models or when rotating model plates with two or three pairs of model plates at the appropriate time and then moves the model plate on the roller conveyor 26 together with the mold box transport 13 from station "A" to station "B" and there is lifted from the lifting table 21 under the molding box 4b with the filling frame 5b lying on top and after which the sand filling into the molding unit thus stacked begins, for which a time is available which is approximately the total cycle time minus the time for the molding box transport and minus the time for lifting the Model plate corresponds to level 34 , that the lifting table 93A raises the model plate during the model plate circulation with two or three pairs of model plates at the appropriate time by the dimension 94 + 95 , the model plate being lifted in the station "A" under the molding box 4a with the filling frame 5a lying on top of it, and then the molding unit thus stacked up the rollers of the lifting table 93A and on the roller conveyor 19 together with the mold box transport 13 are moved from the station "A" to the sand filling station "B" and then the sand filling into the molding unit begins, for which a time is available which is approximately less than the total cycle time corresponds to the time for the mold box transport and that when the molding unit is stacked in station "A", the lifting table 21 is lowered only to such an extent that the model plate can be transported over the lifting table 21 with only a small distance. Molding machine according to claims 1 to 9 and 17 to 19, characterized in that that the lifting table 93D lifts by the dimension 94 at the appropriate time when changing models or when rotating model plates with two or three pairs of model plates , after which the model plate lowered in the station "C" with the lifting table 25 onto the roller conveyor 26 onto the lifting table 93D in the station " D " moves up and is deposited there from the lifting table 93D onto the roller conveyor 85D , that the lifting table 93D raises the model plate circulation with two or three pairs of model plates at the appropriate time by the dimension 94 + 95 , after which the model plate lowered in station "C" with the lifting table 25 onto the roller conveyor 27 with the mold box, filling frame and compacted mold with the mold box transport 13 moves onto the lifting table 93D and there the demolding takes place with the lifting table 93D and after which the model plate is placed on the roller conveyor 85D , that demolding with the lift table 93D in station "D " enables an extended time for the compression in station "C" , this time corresponding approximately to the total cycle time minus the mold box transport time and that during demolding in station "D" the lifting table 25 is only lowered to such an extent that the model plate can be transported over the lifting table 25 with only a small distance. Molding machine according to claims 1 to 9 and 17 to 20, characterized in that the lifting tables 93A and 93D each have a tandem cylinder 100 with the two lifting sections 94 and 95 for the lifting movement, that the lower Apendix piston 101 with the mechanically limited stroke dimension 94 lifts the rollers of the lift table 93A / 93D precisely to the level of the roller conveyor 26 , that the upper main piston of the tandem cylinder 100 lifts the lifting table 93A / 93D with the stroke dimension 94 + 95 and presses it firmly against the stops 96 by means of a small stroke reserve, whereby the rollers of the lifting table 93A / 93D precisely measure the level of the roller conveyor 19 or 27 and whereby the lifting table, which is raised far upwards, is fixed for the transport of the molding unit. and that the operating variants of the lifting tables 93A and 93D are selected and called up via the control program. Molding machine according to claims 1 to 21, characterized in that that the molding roller conveyor 12 , the model plate roller conveyor 19/27 and 26/86 , the roller conveyors of the lifting tables 84A / D and 93A / D or 28A / D and the filling frame return path 71 have the same track widths 102 , or that the molding box roller conveyor 12 , the model plate roller conveyors 19/27 and 26 and the filling frame roller conveyor 71 have the track gauges 102 and the roller conveyors of the lifting tables 84A / D and 93A / D or 28A / D as well as the model plate roller conveyor 86 have a different track width 103 for the model plate roller track 103a have, whereby the dead stroke of the lifting tables 84A / D and 93A / D or 28A / D can be reduced and that the model plate has the running bar 102a , which is raised by the dimension 35 in order to allow the free viewing and access possibility 36 . Molding machine according to claims 1 to 9 and 17 to 22, characterized in that that the model-specific parameters such as the amount of molding sand, settings for the sand filling process, type of compaction, compaction pressure, compaction time, pouring funnel position, casting weight etc. are stored in a data record for each pair of model plates with upper and lower box identification, that the data record is permanently assigned to the model ID number and can be changed online during operation for the purpose of optimization, that the model ID number is attached to the model plate in coded form as a coding strip and that the model ID number is automatically read out when entering the molding machine via the coding bar and the assigned data set or the model-specific parameters are thus quickly available for the molding process, in particular in the case of constant alternating operation with two or three pairs of model plates. Molding box transport device for the molding machine according to claims 1 to 23 and the rapid cycle sequence triggered thereby, characterized in that 7a, 7b and 7c that the molding box transport in the molding line "X" according to FIGS . 7a, 7b and 7c is carried out in two lifting sections, the push cylinder 91 after a molding machine cycle, the molding boxes in the first lifting section against the brake cylinder 92a and after a further molding machine cycle in a second stroke section against the brake cylinder 92b each by one mold box division and the brake cylinders 92a and 92b each specify the exact stroke dimension by their mechanical stroke limitation, that the push cylinder 91 has a stroke length of two mold box divisions plus a small stroke reserve and is slightly withdrawn after the first stroke section has been carried out, in order to enable unimpeded retraction of the mold box locks 30 and after which the push cylinder 91 again moves against the mold box with a small force after locking will and remains there so that it does not have to go through a dead stroke at the beginning of the second stroke section and that the push cylinder 91 returns to its starting position after the second stroke section has been carried out, and that the double brake unit 92 consists of the two brake cylinders 92a and 92b , both of which have the stroke length of a mold box division and which are connected to one another on their piston rods via the connecting piece 92c . Mold box transport device according to claim 24, characterized in that the double super-setting device 69 stores a upper box and a lower box in the two divisions before the pushing cylinder 91 in a single operation, that the double translation device 70 lifts an upper box and a lower box out of the two divisions in front of the braking unit 92 in one operation, that the double translation device 69 operates independently of the work processes in the form line "X" and is ready to place an upper and lower box in the form line as soon as the push cylinder 91 has moved back after a form box transport has been carried out, and that the double translation device 70 works independently of the work processes in the form line "X" and is ready to lift an upper and lower case out of the form line as soon as the double brake unit 92 has been pushed back completely during the form case transport. Method for filling molding sand into a molding unit consisting of a model plate, molding box and filling frame, the molding plate being provided with ventilation nozzles and the molding sand being drawn off from a storage belt from a storage bunker and conveyed into the molding unit, characterized in that that the molding sand is filled into the molding unit in a stretched manner, the time dimension for the complete filling process being 0.08 to 0.25 seconds per centimeter filling height, but in particular 0.15 seconds per centimeter filling height, that the molding sand supply is increased accordingly by a linear or progressive increase in speed of the conveyor belt 58 and / or by a linear or progressive adjustment of the layer height 63 during the filling time, as a result of which the initial filling of the model contours takes place particularly sensitively, that the molding sand strand 61 conveyed by the conveyor belt 58 and via the hopper 60 has approximately the same width of the inside of the molding box and is guided via an adjustable distributor element 62 to a multi-stage, but in particular three-stage aerator set 39 which loosens the molding sand and distributes it in the longitudinal direction of the molding unit, wherein the aerator set 39 is arranged in a closed sand guide funnel 22 which sits on the filling frame 4b in a sand-tight manner during the filling process and that an air stream is sucked by the negative pressure source 51 via the model plate nozzles 52 during the Sandeinfüllens, which can flow freely into the Sandleittrichter 22 and into the mold unit via a sieve 57 and which causes together with the finely metered incoming mold sand, a homogeneous filling of the model batches. Molding sand filling device for carrying out the method according to claim 26 and according to claims 1 and 19, characterized in that that the sand guide funnel 22 is suspended on the lever system 43a / 43b / 43c / 43d via the pins 46 and is guided by the lever system 43a / 43b / 43c / 43d and the bolts 47 , that the sand guide funnel 22 is moved vertically by the cylinder 44 via the lever system 43a / 43b / 43c / 43d and is pressed firmly in its lower position onto the filling frame 4b and in its upper position is firmly pulled against the stops 48 and with its lower edge the height level is 23 , that the vertical stroke movement of the sand guide funnel 22 corresponds to the free dimension 23a and is a maximum of 50mm, but in particular 15mm, that the sand guide funnel 22 is closed in the upper area with the sieve plates 57 , as a result of which the air flow sucked in via the model plate nozzles 52 can freely enter and thereby preventing molding sand from spraying out, that the inside dimension of the sand guide funnel 22 is smaller by the dimension 37 with 5 to 10 mm than the inside dimension of the filling frame and the molding box, that the inner walls of the sand guide funnel 22 are lined with Teflon in order to avoid caking of molding sand and that the sand guide funnel 22 has the gravity-operated lever system 77 with the adjusting screw 77a and the cleaning bar 77b , which slides up and down on the filling frame 4b during the mold box transport over the inclines 77c and cleans the surface thereof during the mold box transport. Molding sand filling device according to claims 26 and 27, characterized in that that the aerators 39 run with the directions of rotation shown in FIG . 1 , the upper four aerators partially throwing the molding sand falling centrally over the funnel 60 and over the adjustable distributor element 62 onto the two outer sides and the lower rows of aerators for a uniform distribution and loosening of the molding sand cause, that the speed of the aerators 39 is infinitely adjustable to the optimal distribution and loosening effect, that the aerator axes are mounted in the bearing plates 40 mounted outside the sand guide funnel 22 and that the end shields 40 have the drive elements 41 and 42 running in opposite directions of rotation. Molding sand filling device according to claims 26 to 28, characterized in that that the air flow is generated by the vacuum source 51 and via the flexible lines 50 , the cavities of the guide rods 49 , the lifting table 21 with the holes 55 , the model plate cavity 53 with the holes 54 and finally via the model plate nozzles 52 from the molding unit and the sand guide funnel 22 placed thereon is sucked in, the air stream being able to freely enter the sand guide funnel 22 via the sieve plates 57 . Molding sand filling device according to claims 26 to 29, characterized in that that the sand filling time provided by the molding machine is fully used as a fixed size and the individual amount of molding sand, which is dependent on the model, is achieved by the acceleration and conveying speed of the conveyor belt 58 and / or by the layer height 63 which can be adjusted automatically via a slide.

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