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EP0965673B1 - Method and device for intermittently applying dye to moving yarns - Google Patents

Method and device for intermittently applying dye to moving yarns Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0965673B1
EP0965673B1 EP99440135A EP99440135A EP0965673B1 EP 0965673 B1 EP0965673 B1 EP 0965673B1 EP 99440135 A EP99440135 A EP 99440135A EP 99440135 A EP99440135 A EP 99440135A EP 0965673 B1 EP0965673 B1 EP 0965673B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pseudo
jet
dye bath
linear
cyclic
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EP99440135A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0965673A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Henry
Philippe Massotte
François Saura
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Superba SAS
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Superba SAS
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B11/00Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
    • D06B11/002Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of moving yarns
    • D06B11/0023Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of moving yarns by spraying or pouring
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B11/00Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
    • D06B11/002Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of moving yarns
    • D06B11/0026Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of moving yarns by spaced contacts with a member carrying a single treating material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of the textile industry, in particular the treatment of the threads, in particular by dyeing the threads and has for subject a dyeing process by depositing stains of dye baths different colors on moving wires, in a succession of posts coating, by cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of said deposit in said coating stations.
  • the invention also relates to a device for setting work of this process.
  • Textile threads generally undergo, before their use, especially for weaving, washing and / or bleaching treatments as well as dye.
  • the dyeing is in particular carried out wet using machines at one or more coating stations, which are crossed by the threads of a layer of threads to be dyed.
  • Such an interruption can be achieved by action on the means for supplying the dye bath, namely by providing an applicator of the type turbine delivering radial jets or a wiper roller applicator cooperating with rotary means of cyclic or pseudo-random support of wires on said rollers, or even by providing an applicator of the type nozzle cooperating with a movable shutter, for example in the form of a disc provided with at least one calibrated dye passage slot.
  • This last embodiment is known in particular from FR-A-2 719 058.
  • Machines fitted with these coating heads allow generally meet all quality requirements.
  • their processing capacity is limited, i.e. a number of wires corresponding to width of the sheet formed at the maximum length of the shutter, in the case a nozzle-type applicator cooperating with a movable shaped shutter disc with at least one calibrated slot, i.e. at maximum speed thread scrolling, in the case of coating by contact with wiper rollers cooperating with rotary means for cyclic support of wires on said rollers, due to the inertia of the rotary actuators.
  • stain dyeing processes and devices commonly called "space dyeing” do not allow the achievement of tasks relatively short in length only by acting on the speed of scrolling moving wires, compensating for the inertia of the means cyclic closure of the application of the dye bath or of the actuators rotary rotary means for cyclically supporting the wires on the rollers lickers.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a method and a device for dyeing by depositing stains of baths of dyes of different colors on moving yarn, in a succession of coating stations, by cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of said deposit in said coating stations, allowing either obtaining very short spots for a scrolling speed given, i.e. a significant increase in said scrolling speed for a preset stain length and thus a corresponding improvement performance.
  • the method is characterized in that, in each coating station, the threads are put out of contact with the dye bath by a linear or pseudo-linear actuating means acting on said dye bath.
  • the invention also relates to a device for setting work of this process, comprising a succession of coating stations, in each of which are successively applied stains of dyes by means of dye bath applicators and devices cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposition of said baths, characterized in that said cyclic or pseudo-random interrupt devices of the dye bath depot have actuators linear or pseudo-linear acting on said dye baths.
  • FIGS 1 to 6 of the accompanying drawings show schematically a dye coating station by bath deposition on threads in motion, in particular for a space dyeing treatment, in which said deposit of dye bath on running threads is carried out, in a processing enclosure, not shown, via a dye bath applicator 1 cooperating with a device 2 cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposition of said dye bath.
  • the dye bath applicator 1 is under shape of a nozzle, a turbine or a projection plate of a jet of dyeing.
  • a succession of coating stations thus equipped is arranged on the course of threads running, so as to achieve in each posts a pseudo-random or cyclic application of colored spots different.
  • the running yarns are put out of contact with the dye bath by a linear or pseudo-linear actuating means acting on said bath dyeing.
  • a device implementing this method comprising a succession of coating stations, in each of which are successively applied stains of dye baths by means applicators 1 for dye baths and interrupters 2 cyclic or pseudo-random deposition of said baths, is characterized in that that said devices 2 for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposit dye baths include linear or pseudo-linear actuators acting on said dye baths.
  • each device 2 for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposit of dye bath is advantageously constituted by a pallet 3 extending into the operating position, that is to say during the bath deposition dyeing, perpendicular to the dye bath jet, so parallel to the direction of travel of the wires, this pallet 3 being secured, either directly, either through a mechanical amplifier movement (not shown), with an output rod from a linear actuator or pseudo-linear 4 and deflecting said jet in a receiving tank 6 disposed on the opposite side with respect to said jet, above the means 5 for guiding and limitation of the width of the dye bath jet.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings show a variant for carrying out the invention, also applicable to coating stations fitted with applicators 1 in the form of nozzles, turbines or plates of projection or spraying cooperating with a means 5 for guiding and limitation of the width of the dye bath jet, in which each device 2 for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the bath deposit dyeing consists of a rule 7 mounted on a deformable device, such as the free end of a bimetal arm 8, or the like, part of which is integral with the coating station infrastructure and the other part of which cooperates with the rod of a linear or pseudo-linear actuator 9 for deflect the dye bath jet, on the opposite side with respect to said jet, in a receiving tank 6 disposed above the means 5 for guiding and limitation of the width of said jet.
  • This embodiment allows a arrangement of the actuator 9 in the vertical space requirement of the station coating, so that the overall length of the station can be reduced, which is particularly advantageous with a succession of stations, the total length of an application machine can be reduced
  • a actuator control 9 causes a push on the blade of arm 8 integral with the actuator rod and, due to the rigid holding of the other blade, this arm 8 undergoes a bending deformation resulting in a displacement of rule 7 in the course of the dye bath jet, which is then diverted to the receiving tray 6, so that the running wire is not more impregnated with dye.
  • the device 2 is in the form of an actuator cooperating with a deformable device under form of a bimetallic strip.
  • this deformable device in another form, namely a linkage, a elastically deformable element by torsion, or other.
  • each device 2 for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the dye bath deposit can consist of a rule 7 mounted on a deformable device, such as a piezoelectric actuator with bending.
  • a deformable device such as a piezoelectric actuator with bending.
  • Such an actuator known under the name of "bender" is deforms under an electric charge by undergoing a bending causing the rule 7 in the course of the dyeing throw, deflecting it beyond the reach of thread running.
  • a schematic representation of such an actuator would correspond substantially to that of the bimetallic strip of Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings attached.
  • the power supply of the piezoelectric actuator to bending will cause a displacement of its rule 7 interruption of the jet in the latter, preventing dyeing of the wire in scroll for the duration of this feed.
  • such actuator can also work in reverse, i.e. it can interrupt the dye stream when it is not being fed, while its feeding will allow said dyeing, by removing rule 7 out of the trajectory of the jet.
  • the device 2 cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the dye bath deposit can also be in the form of a flap extending parallel to the jet dye bath, the pivot axis of which is parallel to the jet and the plane threads running and which is provided with a cooperating actuation lever with the output rod of a linear or pseudo-linear actuator.
  • the linear or pseudo-linear actuator can extend perpendicular to or parallel to the flap, depending on a positioning of the lever in the extension of said flap or perpendicular to it.
  • the operation of such a device 2 is identical to that described in connection with the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the bending movement being simply replaced by a pivoting movement.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show another alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the cyclic interrupt device 2 or pseudorandom of the dye bath deposition comprising a palette 3, a rule or flap connected to a linear or pseudo-linear actuator 4, cooperates with a means 5 for guiding and limiting the width of the bath jet mobile dyeing parallel to the threads in motion and in the opposite direction that of device 2, by another linear or pseudo-linear actuator 10.
  • the cyclic interrupt device 2 or pseudorandom of the dye bath deposition comprising a palette 3, a rule or flap connected to a linear or pseudo-linear actuator 4
  • a means 5 for guiding and limiting the width of the bath jet mobile dyeing parallel to the threads in motion and in the opposite direction that of device 2 by another linear or pseudo-linear actuator 10.
  • the device 2 for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the bath deposit dyeing directly in the form of a means 5 for guiding and limiting the width of the dye bath jet consisting of two movable pallets, one towards each other to completely close the jet passage opening in the interrupted position, each pallet being controlled individually by a linear or pseudo-linear actuator.
  • the device 2 for cyclic interruption or pseudo-random deposition of the dye bath can also be constituted by at least one nozzle for projecting an air jet perpendicularly or in bias with respect to the dye bath jet or the layer of yarn in scrolling above the wiper rollers, opening and closing the or nozzles being controlled via one or more corresponding linear or pseudo-linear actuators. So each triggering of the air projection nozzle (s) will have the effect of diversion of the dye bath jet to a receiving tank for a reuse of the dye bath, by return to the feed tank, or a deflection of the wires out of contact with the wetting roller corresponding.
  • Air jet projection nozzles are known for various applications, in particular for directional blowing, and are not not described in detail.
  • the nozzles used by the present invention are advantageously flat jet nozzles with a width corresponding to the dimension of the dye bath jet to be interrupted, perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wires, or to the width of the layer of wires to be removed the corresponding wiper roller.
  • the linear or pseudo-linear actuators 4, 9 and 10 are linear electric motors, piezoelectric actuators or electromagnetic actuators, fitted or not of a mechanical movement amplifier, controlled in all or nothing or in proportional mode via an electronic device corresponding.
  • All electronic control devices for individual actuators 4, 9 and 10 of the different coating stations is managed by a central computer means according to a program defining the alteration of the repeatability of the successive spots of color deposited in coating stations.
  • a means of IT management is known in itself and does not require a detailed description.
  • the aforementioned actuators have ultra-fast reaction capacities, namely of the order of a few fractions of milliseconds, so that the lengths of the spots can be significantly reduced.
  • the invention it is possible to carry out a method and a dyeing device by depositing stains from baths of color dyes different on moving wires of the space dyeing type, in a succession of coating stations, by cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of said deposit in said coating stations, this interruption taking place in each station independently.
  • control means linear or pseudo-linear with extremely short reaction time
  • the interruption of the application of dye bath can be carried out very quickly and the color spots on the wires may be faint length compared to those obtained by the methods known to date.
  • linear or pseudo-linear actuators whose operation is very reliable and not very subject to wear allows to limit the frequency of maintenance of the means of interrupting the coating resulting in corresponding operating efficiency gains.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine de l'industrie textile, en particulier le traitement des fils, notamment par teinture des fils et a pour objet un procédé de teinture par dépôt de taches de bains de teintures de couleurs différentes sur fils en mouvement, dans une succession de postes d'enduction, par interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire dudit dépôt dans lesdits postes d'enduction.The present invention relates to the field of the textile industry, in particular the treatment of the threads, in particular by dyeing the threads and has for subject a dyeing process by depositing stains of dye baths different colors on moving wires, in a succession of posts coating, by cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of said deposit in said coating stations.

L'invention à également pour objet un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.The invention also relates to a device for setting work of this process.

Les fils textiles subissent généralement, avant leur utilisation, notamment pour le tissage, des traitements de lavage et/ou de blanchissage ainsi que de teinture.Textile threads generally undergo, before their use, especially for weaving, washing and / or bleaching treatments as well as dye.

A cet effet, la teinture est notamment effectuée par voie humide au moyen de machines à un ou plusieurs postes d'enduction, qui sont traversés par les fils d'une nappe de fils à teindre.For this purpose, the dyeing is in particular carried out wet using machines at one or more coating stations, which are crossed by the threads of a layer of threads to be dyed.

Dans ces postes d'enduction connus, notamment par FR-A-2 650 311 et FR-A-2 693 486, ainsi que par US-A-5 339 658 et US-A-5 594 968, les fils subissent des imprégnations successives par taches communément appelée "space dyeing" par interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire de l'application de teinture.In these known coating stations, in particular by FR-A-2 650 311 and FR-A-2 693 486, as well as by US-A-5 339 658 and US-A-5 594 968, the wires are successively impregnated with stains commonly called "space dyeing" by cyclic or pseudo-random interruption from the application of tincture.

Une telle interruption peut être réalisée par action sur le moyen d'amenée du bain de teinture, à savoir par prévision d'un applicateur du type turbine délivrant des jets radiaux ou d'un applicateur à rouleaux lécheurs coopérant avec des moyens rotatifs d'appui cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire des fils sur lesdits rouleaux, ou encore par prévision d'un applicateur du type buse coopérant avec un obturateur mobile, par exemple en forme de disque muni d'au moins une fente calibrée de passage de la teinture. Ce dernier mode de réalisation est notamment connue par FR-A-2 719 058.Such an interruption can be achieved by action on the means for supplying the dye bath, namely by providing an applicator of the type turbine delivering radial jets or a wiper roller applicator cooperating with rotary means of cyclic or pseudo-random support of wires on said rollers, or even by providing an applicator of the type nozzle cooperating with a movable shutter, for example in the form of a disc provided with at least one calibrated dye passage slot. This last embodiment is known in particular from FR-A-2 719 058.

Les machines munies de ces têtes d'enduction permettent généralement de satisfaire à toutes les exigences de qualité. Cependant, leur capacité de traitement est limitée, soit à un nombre de fils correspondant en largeur de nappe formée à la longueur maximale de l'obturateur, dans le cas d'un applicateur du type buse coopérant avec un obturateur mobile en forme de disque muni d'au moins une fente calibrée, soit à une vitesse maximale de défilement des fils, dans le cas d'une enduction par contact avec des rouleaux lécheurs coopérant avec des moyens rotatifs d'appui cyclique des fils sur lesdits rouleaux, du fait de l'inertie des actionneurs rotatifs.Machines fitted with these coating heads allow generally meet all quality requirements. However, their processing capacity is limited, i.e. a number of wires corresponding to width of the sheet formed at the maximum length of the shutter, in the case a nozzle-type applicator cooperating with a movable shaped shutter disc with at least one calibrated slot, i.e. at maximum speed thread scrolling, in the case of coating by contact with wiper rollers cooperating with rotary means for cyclic support of wires on said rollers, due to the inertia of the rotary actuators.

Il en résulte qu'une augmentation du rendement n'est possible que par augmentation du volume interne des têtes d'enduction. Une telle solution n'est toutefois pas envisageable, ce pour des raisons évidentes d'encombrement des têtes d'enduction qui entraínerait un surdimensionnement correspondant de l'ensemble de la machine.As a result, an increase in yield is not possible only by increasing the internal volume of the coating heads. Such a solution is not possible, however, for obvious reasons size of the coating heads which would cause a corresponding oversizing of the whole machine.

En effet, les procédés et dispositifs de teinture par taches communément appelée "space dyeing" ne permettent la réalisation de taches de longueur relativement faible que par une action sur la vitesse de défilement des fils en mouvement, compensant l'inertie des moyens d'obturation cyclique de l'application du bain de teinture ou des actionneurs rotatifs des moyens rotatifs d'appui cyclique des fils sur les rouleaux lécheurs.Indeed, stain dyeing processes and devices commonly called "space dyeing" do not allow the achievement of tasks relatively short in length only by acting on the speed of scrolling moving wires, compensating for the inertia of the means cyclic closure of the application of the dye bath or of the actuators rotary rotary means for cyclically supporting the wires on the rollers lickers.

La présente invention a pour but de pallier ces inconvénients en proposant un procédé et un dispositif de teinture par dépôt de taches de bains de teintures de couleurs différentes sur fils en mouvement, dans une succession de postes d'enduction, par interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire dudit dépôt dans lesdits postes d'enduction, permettant, soit l'obtention de taches de très faible longueur pour une vitesse de défilement donnée, soit une augmentation sensible de ladite vitesse de défilement pour une longueur de tache préétablie et, ainsi, une amélioration correspondante du rendement.The object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a method and a device for dyeing by depositing stains of baths of dyes of different colors on moving yarn, in a succession of coating stations, by cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of said deposit in said coating stations, allowing either obtaining very short spots for a scrolling speed given, i.e. a significant increase in said scrolling speed for a preset stain length and thus a corresponding improvement performance.

A cet effet, le procédé est caractérisé en ce que, dans chaque poste d'enduction, les fils sont mis hors de contact d'avec le bain de teinture par un moyen d'actionnement linéaire ou pseudo-linéaire agissant sur ledit bain de teinture.To this end, the method is characterized in that, in each coating station, the threads are put out of contact with the dye bath by a linear or pseudo-linear actuating means acting on said dye bath.

L'invention a également pour objet un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, comprenant une succession de postes d'enduction, dans chacun desquels sont successivement appliqués des taches de bains de teintures au moyen d'applicateurs de bains de teintures et de dispositifs d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt desdits bains, caractérisé en ce que lesdits dispositifs d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt des bains de teintures comportent des actionneurs linéaires ou pseudo-linéaires agissant sur lesdits bains de teintures.The invention also relates to a device for setting work of this process, comprising a succession of coating stations, in each of which are successively applied stains of dyes by means of dye bath applicators and devices cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposition of said baths, characterized in that said cyclic or pseudo-random interrupt devices of the dye bath depot have actuators linear or pseudo-linear acting on said dye baths.

L'invention sera mieux comprise, grâce à la description ci-après, qui se rapporte à des modes de réalisation préférés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, et expliqués avec référence aux dessins schématiques annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'un poste d'enduction de teinture conforme à l'invention, en position de service ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 1, en position d'interruption de service ;
  • les figures 3 et 4 sont des vues analogues à celles des figures 1 et 2 d'une variante de réalisation de l'invention, et
  • les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues analogues à celles des figures 1 et 2 d'une troisième variante de réalisation de l'invention
  • The invention will be better understood from the description below, which relates to preferred embodiments, given by way of nonlimiting examples, and explained with reference to the appended schematic drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a dye coating station according to the invention, in the service position;
  • Figure 2 is a view similar to that of Figure 1, in the service interruption position;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are views similar to those of FIGS. 1 and 2 of an alternative embodiment of the invention, and
  • Figures 5 and 6 are views similar to those of Figures 1 and 2 of a third alternative embodiment of the invention
  • Les figures 1 à 6 des dessins annexés représentent schématiquement un poste d'enduction de teinture par dépôt de bain sur fils en mouvement, notamment pour un traitement de type "space dyeing", dans lequel ledit dépôt de bain de teinture sur des fils en défilement est réalisé, dans une enceinte de traitement, non représentée, par l'intermédiaire d'un applicateur 1 de bain de teinture coopérant avec un dispositif 2 d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt dudit bain de teinture. Dans ces modes de réalisation l'applicateur 1 de bain de teinture est sous forme d'une buse, d'une turbine ou d'une assiette de projection d'un jet de teinture.Figures 1 to 6 of the accompanying drawings show schematically a dye coating station by bath deposition on threads in motion, in particular for a space dyeing treatment, in which said deposit of dye bath on running threads is carried out, in a processing enclosure, not shown, via a dye bath applicator 1 cooperating with a device 2 cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposition of said dye bath. In these embodiments, the dye bath applicator 1 is under shape of a nozzle, a turbine or a projection plate of a jet of dyeing.

    Pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé de teinture par dépôt de taches de bains de teintures de couleurs différentes sur des fils en mouvement, une succession de postes d'enduction ainsi équipés est disposée sur le parcours de fils en défilement, de manière à réaliser dans chaque poste une application pseudo-aléatoire ou cyclique de taches de couleurs différentes.To implement a dyeing process by depositing stains of dyes of different colors on threads movement, a succession of coating stations thus equipped is arranged on the course of threads running, so as to achieve in each posts a pseudo-random or cyclic application of colored spots different.

    Conformément à l'invention, dans chaque poste d'enduction, les fils en défilement sont mis hors de contact d'avec le bain de teinture par un moyen d'actionnement linéaire ou pseudo-linéaire agissant sur ledit bain de teinture.In accordance with the invention, in each coating station, the running yarns are put out of contact with the dye bath by a linear or pseudo-linear actuating means acting on said bath dyeing.

    A cet effet, un dispositif mettant en oeuvre ce procédé, comprenant une succession de postes d'enduction, dans chacun desquels sont successivement appliqués des taches de bains de teintures au moyen d'applicateurs 1 de bains de teintures et de dispositifs 2 d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt desdits bains, est caractérisé en ce que lesdits dispositifs 2 d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt des bains de teinture comportent des actionneurs linéaires ou pseudo-linéaires agissant sur lesdits bains de teinture.To this end, a device implementing this method, comprising a succession of coating stations, in each of which are successively applied stains of dye baths by means applicators 1 for dye baths and interrupters 2 cyclic or pseudo-random deposition of said baths, is characterized in that that said devices 2 for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposit dye baths include linear or pseudo-linear actuators acting on said dye baths.

    Comme le montrent plus particulièrement, les figures 1 et 2 des dessins annexés, selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention s'appliquant à des postes d'enduction munis d'applicateurs 1 sous forme de buses, de turbines ou d'assiettes de projection ou de pulvérisation coopérant avec un moyen 5 de guidage et de limitation de la largeur du jet de bain de teinture, chaque dispositif 2 d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt de bain de teinture est avantageusement constitué par une palette 3 s'étendant en position de service, c'est-à-dire pendant le dépôt de bain de teinture, perpendiculairement au jet de bain de teinture, donc parallèlement à la direction de défilement des fils, cette palette 3 étant solidarisée, soit directement, soit par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen mécanique amplificateur de mouvement (non représenté), avec une tige de sortie d'un actionneur linéaire ou pseudo-linéaire 4 et déviant ledit jet dans un bac de réception 6 disposé du côté opposé par rapport audit jet, au-dessus du moyen 5 de guidage et de limitation de la largeur du jet de bain de teinture.As shown more particularly, Figures 1 and 2 of attached drawings, according to a first embodiment of the invention applying to coating stations provided with applicators 1 in the form of cooperating nozzles, turbines or spraying or spraying plates with a means 5 for guiding and limiting the width of the bath jet tincture, each device 2 for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposit of dye bath is advantageously constituted by a pallet 3 extending into the operating position, that is to say during the bath deposition dyeing, perpendicular to the dye bath jet, so parallel to the direction of travel of the wires, this pallet 3 being secured, either directly, either through a mechanical amplifier movement (not shown), with an output rod from a linear actuator or pseudo-linear 4 and deflecting said jet in a receiving tank 6 disposed on the opposite side with respect to said jet, above the means 5 for guiding and limitation of the width of the dye bath jet.

    Ainsi, pendant l'application de bain de teinture, la palette 3 reste dans la position rétractée représentée à la figure 1 des dessins annexés. Une interruption du jet de teinture est réalisée, comme le montre la figure 2, par une mise en mouvement de l'actionneur linéaire ou pseudo-linéaire 4, qui a pour conséquence une sortie de sa tige et un déplacement de la palette 3 dans le parcours du jet de bain de teinture, qui est ainsi dévié dans le bac de réception 6, sans pouvoir atteindre les fils en défilement. La prévision éventuelle d'un moyen mécanique amplificateur de mouvement permet d'obtenir un déplacement suffisamment important de la palette 3, tout en ne mettant en oeuvre que des actionneurs à faible ou très faible course, donc à faible encombrement.Thus, during the application of the dye bath, the palette 3 remains in the retracted position shown in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings. An interruption of the dye jet is carried out, as shown in Figure 2, by setting the linear or pseudo-linear actuator 4 in motion, which results in a release of its rod and a displacement of the pallet 3 in the course of the dye bath jet, which is thus diverted into the tank reception 6, without being able to reach the scrolling wires. Prediction possible mechanical movement amplifier means to obtain a sufficiently large displacement of the pallet 3, while not using only short or very short stroke actuators, therefore small footprint.

    Les figures 3 et 4 des dessins annexés représentent une variante de réalisation de l'invention, également applicable à des postes d'enduction munis d'applicateurs 1 sous forme de buses, de turbines ou d'assiettes de projection ou de pulvérisation coopérant avec un moyen 5 de guidage et de limitation de la largeur du jet de bain de teinture, dans laquelle chaque dispositif 2 d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt de bain de teinture est constitué par une règle 7 montée sur un dispositif déformable, tel que l'extrémité libre d'un bras en bilame 8, ou analogue, dont une partie est solidarisée avec l'infrastructure du poste d'enduction et dont l'autre partie coopère avec la tige d'un actionneur linéaire ou pseudo-linéaire 9 pour dévier le jet de bain de teinture, du côté opposé par rapport audit jet, dans un bac de réception 6 disposé au-dessus du moyen 5 de guidage et de limitation de la largeur dudit jet. Ce mode de réalisation permet une disposition de l'actionneur 9 dans l'encombrement vertical du poste d'enduction, de sorte que l'encombrement en longueur du poste peut être réduite, ce qui est particulièrement avantageux avec une succession de postes, la longueur totale d'une machine d'application pouvant être réduite en conséquence.Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings show a variant for carrying out the invention, also applicable to coating stations fitted with applicators 1 in the form of nozzles, turbines or plates of projection or spraying cooperating with a means 5 for guiding and limitation of the width of the dye bath jet, in which each device 2 for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the bath deposit dyeing consists of a rule 7 mounted on a deformable device, such as the free end of a bimetal arm 8, or the like, part of which is integral with the coating station infrastructure and the other part of which cooperates with the rod of a linear or pseudo-linear actuator 9 for deflect the dye bath jet, on the opposite side with respect to said jet, in a receiving tank 6 disposed above the means 5 for guiding and limitation of the width of said jet. This embodiment allows a arrangement of the actuator 9 in the vertical space requirement of the station coating, so that the overall length of the station can be reduced, which is particularly advantageous with a succession of stations, the total length of an application machine can be reduced Consequently.

    Dans le cas d'une réalisation selon les figures 3 et 4, une commande de l'actionneur 9 entraíne une poussée sur la lame du bras 8 solidaire de la tige de l'actionneur et, du fait du maintien rigide de l'autre lame, ce bras 8 subit une déformation de flexion ayant pour conséquence un déplacement de la règle 7 dans le parcours du jet de bain de teinture, qui est alors dévié vers le bac de réception 6, de sorte que le fil en défilement n'est plus imprégné de teinture. Dans ce mode de réalisation le dispositif 2 est sous forme d'un actionneur coopérant avec un dispositif déformable sous forme d'un bilame. Bien entendu, il est également possible de réaliser ce dispositif déformable sous une autre forme, à savoir une tringlerie, un élément élastiquement déformable par torsion, ou autre.In the case of an embodiment according to Figures 3 and 4, a actuator control 9 causes a push on the blade of arm 8 integral with the actuator rod and, due to the rigid holding of the other blade, this arm 8 undergoes a bending deformation resulting in a displacement of rule 7 in the course of the dye bath jet, which is then diverted to the receiving tray 6, so that the running wire is not more impregnated with dye. In this embodiment the device 2 is in the form of an actuator cooperating with a deformable device under form of a bimetallic strip. Of course, it is also possible to achieve this deformable device in another form, namely a linkage, a elastically deformable element by torsion, or other.

    Selon une variante de réalisation de l'invention, non représentée aux dessins annexés, chaque dispositif 2 d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt de bain de teinture peut être constitué par une règle 7 montée sur un dispositif déformable, tel qu'un actionneur piézo-électrique à flexion. Un tel actionneur, connu sous la dénomination de "bender", se déforme sous une charge électrique en subissant une flexion entraínant la règle 7 dans le parcours du jet de teinture, déviant celui-ci hors d'atteinte du fil en défilement. Une représentation schématique d'un tel actionneur correspondrait sensiblement à celle du bilame des figures 3 et 4 des dessins annexés. Ainsi, l'alimentation électrique de l'actionneur piézo-électrique à flexion aura pour effet de provoquer un déplacement de sa règle 7 d'interruption du jet dans ce dernier, empêchant une teinture du fil en défilement pendant la durée de cette alimentation. Bien entendu, un tel actionneur peut également fonctionner de manière inverse, c'est-à-dire qu'il peut interrompre le jet de teinture quand il n'est pas alimenté, alors que son alimentation permettra ladite teinture, par retrait de la règle 7 hors de la trajectoire du jet. According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, not shown in the accompanying drawings, each device 2 for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the dye bath deposit can consist of a rule 7 mounted on a deformable device, such as a piezoelectric actuator with bending. Such an actuator, known under the name of "bender", is deforms under an electric charge by undergoing a bending causing the rule 7 in the course of the dyeing throw, deflecting it beyond the reach of thread running. A schematic representation of such an actuator would correspond substantially to that of the bimetallic strip of Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings attached. Thus, the power supply of the piezoelectric actuator to bending will cause a displacement of its rule 7 interruption of the jet in the latter, preventing dyeing of the wire in scroll for the duration of this feed. Of course, such actuator can also work in reverse, i.e. it can interrupt the dye stream when it is not being fed, while its feeding will allow said dyeing, by removing rule 7 out of the trajectory of the jet.

    Conformément à une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention, non représentée aux dessins annexés, le dispositif 2 d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt de bain de teinture peut également se présenter sous forme d'un volet s'étendant parallèlement au jet de bain de teinture, dont l'axe de pivotement est parallèle au jet et au plan des fils en défilement et qui est muni d'un levier d'actionnement coopérant avec la tige de sortie d'un actionneur linéaire ou pseudo-linéaire. Dans un tel cas, l'actionneur linéaire ou pseudo-linéaire peut s'étendre perpendiculairement au volet ou parallèlement à ce dernier, en fonction d'un positionnement du levier dans le prolongement dudit volet ou perpendiculairement à celui-ci. Le fonctionnement d'un tel dispositif 2 est identique à celui décrit à propos du mode de réalisation suivant les figures 3 et 4, le mouvement de flexion étant simplement remplacé par un mouvement de pivotement.In accordance with another alternative embodiment of the invention, not shown in the accompanying drawings, the device 2 cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the dye bath deposit can also be in the form of a flap extending parallel to the jet dye bath, the pivot axis of which is parallel to the jet and the plane threads running and which is provided with a cooperating actuation lever with the output rod of a linear or pseudo-linear actuator. In such case, the linear or pseudo-linear actuator can extend perpendicular to or parallel to the flap, depending on a positioning of the lever in the extension of said flap or perpendicular to it. The operation of such a device 2 is identical to that described in connection with the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the bending movement being simply replaced by a pivoting movement.

    Les figures 5 et 6 représentent une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention, dans laquelle le dispositif 2 d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt de bain de teinture comportant une palette 3, une règle ou un volet relié à un actionneur linéaire ou pseudo-linéaire 4, coopère avec un moyen 5 de guidage et de limitation de la largeur du jet de bain de teinture mobile parallèlement aux fils en défilement et mû, en sens contraire de celui du dispositif 2, par un autre actionneur linéaire ou pseudo-linéaire 10. Ainsi, il est possible de réaliser simultanément une déviation du jet de bain de teinture par l'intermédiaire du dispositif 2 et un déplacement du moyen 5 de guidage et de limitation de la largeur du jet, de sorte que la vitesse d'interruption de l'application du jet de bain de teinture peut être augmentée.Figures 5 and 6 show another alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the cyclic interrupt device 2 or pseudorandom of the dye bath deposition comprising a palette 3, a rule or flap connected to a linear or pseudo-linear actuator 4, cooperates with a means 5 for guiding and limiting the width of the bath jet mobile dyeing parallel to the threads in motion and in the opposite direction that of device 2, by another linear or pseudo-linear actuator 10. Thus, it is possible to simultaneously deflect the jet of dye bath via device 2 and displacement of the means 5 for guiding and limiting the width of the jet, so that the speed of interruption of the application of the dye bath jet can be increased.

    Il est également possible, suivant une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention non représentée aux dessins annexés, de réaliser le dispositif 2 d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt de bain de teinture directement sous forme d'un moyen 5 de guidage et de limitation de la largeur du jet de bain de teinture constitué par deux palettes mobiles l'une en direction de l'autre pour fermer totalement l'ouverture de passage du jet en position d'interruption, chaque palette étant commandée individuellement par un actionneur linéaire ou pseudo-linéaire.It is also possible, according to another variant of realization of the invention not shown in the accompanying drawings, to realize the device 2 for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the bath deposit dyeing directly in the form of a means 5 for guiding and limiting the width of the dye bath jet consisting of two movable pallets, one towards each other to completely close the jet passage opening in the interrupted position, each pallet being controlled individually by a linear or pseudo-linear actuator.

    Suivant une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention, non représentée aux dessins annexés, le dispositif 2 d'interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire du dépôt du bain de teinture peut également être constitué par au moins une buse de projection d'un jet d'air perpendiculairement ou en biais par rapport au jet de bain de teinture ou à la nappe de fils en défilement au-dessus des rouleaux lécheurs, l'ouverture et la fermeture de la ou des buses étant commandées par l'intermédiaire d'un ou de plusieurs actionneurs linéaires ou pseudo-linéaires correspondants. Ainsi, chaque déclenchement de la ou des buses de projection d'air aura pour effet une déviation du jet de bain de teinture vers un bac de réception en vue d'une réutilisation du bain de teinture, par retour vers le réservoir d'alimentation, ou une déviation des fils hors de contact d'avec le rouleau lécheur correspondant.According to another alternative embodiment of the invention, not shown in the accompanying drawings, the device 2 for cyclic interruption or pseudo-random deposition of the dye bath can also be constituted by at least one nozzle for projecting an air jet perpendicularly or in bias with respect to the dye bath jet or the layer of yarn in scrolling above the wiper rollers, opening and closing the or nozzles being controlled via one or more corresponding linear or pseudo-linear actuators. So each triggering of the air projection nozzle (s) will have the effect of diversion of the dye bath jet to a receiving tank for a reuse of the dye bath, by return to the feed tank, or a deflection of the wires out of contact with the wetting roller corresponding.

    Des buses de projection d'un jet d'air sont connues pour diverses applications, notamment pour le soufflage directionnel, et ne sont pas décrites en détail. Les buses mises en oeuvre par la présente invention sont avantageusement des buses à jet plat d'une largeur correspondant à la dimension du jet de bain de teinture à interrompre, perpendiculairement à la direction de défilement des fils, ou à la largeur de la nappe de fils à écarter du rouleau lécheur correspondant.Air jet projection nozzles are known for various applications, in particular for directional blowing, and are not not described in detail. The nozzles used by the present invention are advantageously flat jet nozzles with a width corresponding to the dimension of the dye bath jet to be interrupted, perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wires, or to the width of the layer of wires to be removed the corresponding wiper roller.

    De préférence, les actionneurs linéaires ou pseudo-linéaires 4, 9 et 10 sont des moteurs linéaires électriques, des actionneurs piézo-électriques ou encore des actionneurs électromagnétiques, munis ou non d'un moyen mécanique amplificateur de mouvement, pilotés en tout ou rien ou en mode proportionnel par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif électronique correspondant.Preferably, the linear or pseudo-linear actuators 4, 9 and 10 are linear electric motors, piezoelectric actuators or electromagnetic actuators, fitted or not of a mechanical movement amplifier, controlled in all or nothing or in proportional mode via an electronic device corresponding.

    L'ensemble des dispositifs électroniques de commande des actionneurs individuels 4, 9 et 10 des différents postes d'enduction est géré par un moyen informatique central selon un programme définissant l'altération de la répétitivité des taches de couleurs successives déposées dans les postes d'enduction. Un tel moyen de gestion informatique est connu en soi et ne nécessite pas de description de détail. Les actionneurs précités présentent des capacités de réaction ultra-rapide, à savoir de l'ordre de quelques fractions de millisecondes, de sorte que les longueurs des taches peuvent être considérablement réduites.All electronic control devices for individual actuators 4, 9 and 10 of the different coating stations is managed by a central computer means according to a program defining the alteration of the repeatability of the successive spots of color deposited in coating stations. Such a means of IT management is known in itself and does not require a detailed description. The aforementioned actuators have ultra-fast reaction capacities, namely of the order of a few fractions of milliseconds, so that the lengths of the spots can be significantly reduced.

    Grâce à l'invention, il est possible de réaliser un procédé et un dispositif de teinture par dépôt de taches de bains de teintures de couleurs différentes sur fils en mouvement du type "space dyeing", dans une succession de postes d'enduction, par interruption cyclique ou pseudo-aléatoire dudit dépôt dans lesdits postes d'enduction, cette interruption s'effectuant dans chaque poste de manière indépendante.Thanks to the invention, it is possible to carry out a method and a dyeing device by depositing stains from baths of color dyes different on moving wires of the space dyeing type, in a succession of coating stations, by cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of said deposit in said coating stations, this interruption taking place in each station independently.

    En outre, du fait de la mise en oeuvre de moyens de commande linéaire ou pseudo-linéaire à temps de réaction extrêmement court, l'interruption de l'application de bain de teinture peut être effectuée très rapidement et les taches de couleurs sur les fils peuvent être de faible longueur par rapport à celles obtenues par les procédés connus à ce jour.In addition, due to the use of control means linear or pseudo-linear with extremely short reaction time, the interruption of the application of dye bath can be carried out very quickly and the color spots on the wires may be faint length compared to those obtained by the methods known to date.

    Enfin, l'utilisation d'actionneurs linéaires ou pseudo-linéaires, dont le fonctionnement est très fiable et peu sujet à l'usure permet de limiter la périodicité de la maintenance des moyens d'interruption de l'enduction entraínant des gains de rendement correspondants en exploitation.Finally, the use of linear or pseudo-linear actuators, whose operation is very reliable and not very subject to wear allows to limit the frequency of maintenance of the means of interrupting the coating resulting in corresponding operating efficiency gains.

    Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés aux dessins annexés. Des modifications restent possibles, notamment du point de vue de la constitution des divers éléments ou par substitution d'équivalents techniques, sans sortir pour autant du domaine de protection de l'invention.Of course, the invention is not limited to the modes of embodiment described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications remain possible, especially from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without going out of the protection field of the invention.

    Claims (12)

    1. Method of dyeing by depositing spots of dye baths of different colours on moving yarns in a succession of coating stations, by cyclic or abrupt pseudo-random interruption of said deposition in said coating stations, characterised in that, in each coating station, the travelling yarns are abruptly placed out of contact with the dye bath by a linear or pseudo-linear actuating means acting on said dye bath.
    2. Device for carrying out the process according to claim 1, comprising a succession of coating stations in each of which spots of dye baths are successively applied by means of dye bath applicators (1) and devices (2) for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposition of said baths, characterised in that said devices (2) for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposition of the dye baths comprise linear or pseudo-linear actuators acting on said dye baths.
    3. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that, in the case of coating stations equipped with applicators (1) in the form of nozzles, turbines or spray or atomisation plates cooperating with a means (5) for guiding and limiting the width of the jet of dye bath, each device (2) for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposition of dye bath consists of a blade (3) extending, in the service position, in other words during deposition of dye bath, perpendicularly to the jet of dye bath, therefore parallel to the direction of travel of the yarns, this blade (3) being attached to an output rod of a linear or pseudo-linear actuator (4) and diverting said jet into a receiving tank (6) disposed on the opposite side relative to said jet, above the means (5) for guiding and limiting the width of the jet of dye bath.
    4. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that, in the case of coating stations equipped with applicators (1) in the form of nozzles, turbines or spray or atomisation plates cooperating with a means (5) for guiding and limiting the width of the jet of dye bath, each device (2) for cyclic interruption of the deposition of dye bath consists of a straight edge (7) fitted on a deformable device such as the free end of a bimetallic arm (8) or the like of which one part is attached to the infrastructure of the coating station and of which the other part cooperates with the rod of a linear of pseudo-linear actuator (9) so as to divert the jet of dye bath from the opposite side relative to said jet into a receiving tank (6) disposed above the means (5) for guiding and limiting the width of said jet.
    5. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that, in the case of coating stations equipped with applicators (1) in the form of nozzles, turbines or spray or atomisation plates cooperating with a means (5) for guiding and limiting the width of the jet of dye bath, each device (2) for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposition of dye bath consists of a straight edge (7) fitted on a deformable device such as a bending piezoelectric actuator.
    6. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that, in the case of coating stations equipped with applicators (1) in the form of nozzles, turbines or spray or atomisation plates cooperating with a means (5) for guiding and limiting the width of the jet of dye bath, each device (2) for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposition of dye bath has the form of a flap extending parallel to the jet of dye bath, of which the pivot axis is parallel to the jet and to the plane of the travelling yams and which is equipped with an actuating lever cooperating with the output rod of a linear or pseudo-linear actuator.
    7. Device according to claim 6, characterised in that the linear or pseudo-linear actuator extends perpendicularly to the flap or parallel thereto, depending on a positioning of the lever in the extension of said flap or perpendicularly thereto.
    8. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the device (2) for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of deposition of dye bath comprising a blade (3), a straight edge or a flap connected to a linear or pseudo-linear actuator (4) cooperates with a means (5) for guiding and limiting the width of the jet of dye bath which is movable in parallel with the travelling yarns and is moved, in the direction counter to that of the device (2), by a further linear or pseudo-linear actuator (10).
    9. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that, in the case of coating stations equipped with applicators (1) in the form of nozzles, turbines or spray or atomisation plates cooperating with a means (5) for guiding and limiting the width of the jet of dye bath, the device (2) for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposition of dye bath has the form of a means (5) for guiding and limiting the width of the jet of dye bath consisting of two blades moving toward one another so as to completely close the opening for passage of the jet in the interruption position, each blade being controlled individually by a linear or pseudo-linear actuator.
    10. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that the device 2 for cyclic or pseudo-random interruption of the deposition of the dye bath consists of at least one nozzle for spraying a jet of air perpendicularly or at a bias to the jet of dye bath or to the sheet of travelling yarns, the opening and closure of the nozzle(s) being controlled by one or more corresponding linear or pseudo-linear actuators.
    11. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterised in that the linear or pseudo-linear actuators (4, 9 and 10) are linear electric motors, piezoelectric actuators or else electromagnetic actuators equipped or not equipped with a mechanical movement-amplifying means controlled in all-or-nothing mode or proportional mode by a corresponding electronic device.
    12. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 9 and 11, characterised in that all the electronic devices for controlling the individual actuators (4, 9 and 10) of the various coating stations are managed by a central computer in accordance with a programme which defines the alteration of the repetition of the successive spots of colours deposited in the coating stations.
    EP99440135A 1998-06-16 1999-06-04 Method and device for intermittently applying dye to moving yarns Expired - Lifetime EP0965673B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9807668 1998-06-16
    FR9807668A FR2779750B1 (en) 1998-06-16 1998-06-16 METHOD FOR DYEING BY DEPOSITING DYE SPOTS OF DYES ON MOVING THREADS BY QUICK CYCLE INTERRUPTION OF SAID DEPOSIT AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD

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    EP0965673A1 EP0965673A1 (en) 1999-12-22
    EP0965673B1 true EP0965673B1 (en) 2002-07-31

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    DE10205005A1 (en) 2002-02-07 2003-08-21 Neumag Gmbh & Co Kg Method and apparatus for wetting a running filament bundle
    DE102015015090A1 (en) 2015-11-20 2017-05-24 Dürr Systems Ag Coating method and corresponding coating system
    DE102015015092A1 (en) * 2015-11-20 2017-05-24 Dürr Systems Ag Coating device and corresponding coating method

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    FR2178339A5 (en) * 1972-03-28 1973-11-09 Omnium De Prospective Ind Sa
    DE2422373A1 (en) * 1973-08-09 1975-02-20 Rueti Ag Maschf METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR MANUFACTURING FABRICS WITH DIFFERENT COLORED WEFT FEEDS
    US4015550A (en) * 1975-08-12 1977-04-05 West Point Pepperell, Inc. Apparatus and method for selective multi-color dyeing of individual yarns and producing therefrom a predetermined complex design in a tufted carpet
    DE2554132C2 (en) * 1975-12-02 1982-06-16 Karl 5600 Wuppertal Bous Device for dyeing textile thread material, in particular yarns or the like, differently in sections.
    GB2059876B (en) * 1979-09-27 1983-04-07 British Carpets Ltd Method and apparatus for printing a sheet of yarns
    FR2650311B1 (en) 1989-07-26 1992-01-17 Superba Sa CONTINUOUS DYEING MACHINE FOR TEXTILE THREADS
    FR2693486B1 (en) 1992-07-08 1994-09-02 Superba Sa Method and machine for continuous dyeing of textile threads.
    US5339658A (en) 1993-07-14 1994-08-23 Manufacturing Designs And Solutions, Inc. Yarn dyeing apparatus
    FR2719058B1 (en) * 1994-04-22 1996-07-12 Superba Sa Machine for continuous dyeing of textile threads.
    US5594968A (en) 1995-07-24 1997-01-21 Belmont Textile Machinery Company Method and apparatus for space dyeing yarn

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    DE69902317T2 (en) 2003-03-13
    DE69902317D1 (en) 2002-09-05
    EP0965673A1 (en) 1999-12-22
    FR2779750A1 (en) 1999-12-17
    FR2779750B1 (en) 2000-09-15

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