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EP0808421B1 - Adjustable hydrostatic pump - Google Patents

Adjustable hydrostatic pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0808421B1
EP0808421B1 EP96900534A EP96900534A EP0808421B1 EP 0808421 B1 EP0808421 B1 EP 0808421B1 EP 96900534 A EP96900534 A EP 96900534A EP 96900534 A EP96900534 A EP 96900534A EP 0808421 B1 EP0808421 B1 EP 0808421B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
pump
rotor
adjustable
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96900534A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0808421A1 (en
Inventor
Walter Robeller
Volkmar Leutner
Dieter Bertsch
Michael Gaumnitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP0808421A1 publication Critical patent/EP0808421A1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B11/00Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/06Control
    • F04B1/07Control by varying the relative eccentricity between two members, e.g. a cam and a drive shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/12Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by varying the length of stroke of the working members
    • F04B49/123Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by varying the length of stroke of the working members by changing the eccentricity of one element relative to another element
    • F04B49/128Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by varying the length of stroke of the working members by changing the eccentricity of one element relative to another element by changing the eccentricity of the cylinders, e.g. by moving a cylinder block

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an adjustable hydrostatic pump according to the genus of the main claim.
  • a pump is in one Training as a radial piston pump known as Adjusting member a cam ring is provided, the Eccentricity as the decisive factor for the Pump adjustment or the pump swivel viewed becomes.
  • the cam ring is here of two different sizes, hydraulic adjusting piston held in position, the larger adjusting piston being part of a hydromechanical adjustment device.
  • the Noise development in such a piston pump is very much from the rigidity of the hydraulic clamping of the adjusting element, the cam ring, depending.
  • the Noise development decreases with decreasing stiffness hydraulic clamping of the cam ring and is by the portions of the Engine forces caused.
  • a radial piston machine is known from DE 37 00 573 A1 known in which an additional pressure chamber in the control pin via a throttled connection from the high pressure side is rechargeable.
  • an additional pressure chamber in the control pin via a throttled connection from the high pressure side is rechargeable.
  • JP-A 22 38 179 is an adjustable one hydrostatic pump in one design as an axial piston pump known, also with a noise reduction is sought.
  • the pump has a first Adjustment device for adjusting the stroke of the pump second adjustment device for noise reduction is used and the actuating cylinder via a electrohydraulic control valve is controllable.
  • This Pump builds with two adjustment devices and electrohydraulic control elements that depend on Angle of rotation of the pump can be controlled, relatively expensive.
  • the adjustable hydrostatic pump according to the invention has the characteristic features of the main claim on the other hand the advantage that the noise of the Pump is significantly reduced by the influence of the acting on the hydraulic clamping of the adjusting element Share of engine power is reduced, this is counteracted.
  • the control piston with an additional control device additional pressure signal from the angle of rotation of the pump is dependent on the engine Oscillations and thus the operating noise are favorable influenced. This influence or reduction goes far beyond a measure that is related to the constructive design of the adjusting member or the adjusting piston and the Adjustment device would be possible.
  • the Additional control device for active noise reduction deal with purely hydromechanical functional elements realize, making a relatively simple, space-saving and inexpensive construction is possible.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a clockwise rotating radial piston pump
  • Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section by the radial piston pump according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 Diagram showing the Engine power in the direction of adjustment depending on Represents angle of rotation
  • Figure 4 is part of a Cross-section according to IV-IV in Figure 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows one in conjunction with FIG Radial piston pump 10, the housing 11 on one side is closed by a lid 12.
  • the housing 11 In the housing 11 is a central, continuous longitudinal bore 13 is formed as well an adjoining cylindrical recess 14.
  • a control pin 15 In the longitudinal bore 13 a control pin 15 is attached, which protrudes into the housing recess 14.
  • a rotor 16 On this part of the control pin 15, a rotor 16 is slidably mounted in which a plurality of radially extending cylinder bores 17th are formed in which working pistons 18 slide.
  • This Working pistons 18 are articulated with sliding shoes 19 connected with their shoe soles on the Support the inner surface 21 of a cylindrical cam ring 22, which is adjustably arranged in the housing recess 14 is. Due to the eccentric position of the as an adjusting element serving lifting ring 22, as can be seen in Figure 1, 18 strokes are given to the working pistons.
  • the slide shoes 19 are tied to the lifting ring 22 Retaining rings 23, 24 are provided.
  • control pin 15 In the control pin 15 are in the plane of the piston bores 17th two control slots 25, 26 formed, which also over formed in the control pin 15 longitudinal channels 27, 28 and Breakthroughs, of which only the top in Figure 2 Breakthrough 29 is shown with radial in the housing 11 running, outwardly penetrating channels are connected, which are designed here as suction channel 31 and pressure channel 32 are. On the control pin 15 are between the Control slots 25, 26 webs with 33, 34 denotes at which the dead center for the Rotary motion.
  • the radial piston pump 10 is hydraulic Hubring adjustment trained that a pure Has hydromechanical adjustment device 35.
  • Adjusting piston arranged on the outer circumference of the cam ring 22nd in two diametrically opposite positions act. The is in a manner known per se smaller actuating piston 36 via a channel 38 always from the High pressure side 32 acted upon.
  • the larger control piston 37 delimits a pressure chamber 39 which is connected to the housing 11 flanged pressure regulator 41 from its regulating slide 42 shut off, connected to the high pressure side 32 or for Low pressure side 31 is relieved, as in itself Radial piston pumps with hydraulic cam ring adjustment is known.
  • the rotor 16 designed here as a cylindrical star is over a universal joint coupling 43 from a drive shaft 44 driven, which in the cover 12 in a double ball bearing 45 is stored.
  • the throttle bore 53 is outside the Angular range of the control grooves 55 through the inner wall 54 of the Cylinder star 16 completed. According to the im Cylinder star 16 are present, seven working pistons 18 thus a total of fourteen control grooves 55 in the inner wall 54 arranged.
  • the mode of operation of the adjustable radial piston pump 10 is explained as follows, its basic function with the adjustment of the lifting ring 22 by the hydromechanical adjustment device 35 being assumed to be known per se.
  • the stroke ring 22 is raised to the left via the adjusting device 35.
  • the cam ring 22 is supported on the large actuating piston 37 due to the centering engine forces. Every time one of the working pistons 18 dips into or emerges from the high-pressure side at the control slot 26, the supporting force F s on the large actuating piston 37 experiences a jump in the amount of a piston force downward. This can be illustrated with the aid of FIG.
  • a pressure change in the large actuating piston 37 is now brought about in synchronism with the force jumps by opening and closing control cross sections with the aid of the additional control device 47, this additional control device 47 being connected in parallel with the actual pressure regulator 41.
  • the additional control device 47 is integrated with the help of the throttle bore 53 in the control pin 15 and the control grooves 55 in the rotor 16, because in this way the required relative movement and synchronization are already provided.
  • the additional control device 47 when the working piston 18 "emerges from the high-pressure side 26, the additional control device 47 also opens a control cross section for the return and the pressure in the actuating cylinder 39 is reduced, in order to reduce the effect of the force jump 59
  • the operation of the additional control device 47 is adapted to the hydraulic stroke adjustment in such a way that, despite the delays caused by the hydromechanical adjustment device, a temporal collision of the force jump from the engine and Counteraction on the actuating piston 37 is ensured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer verstellbaren hydrostatischen Pumpe nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention is based on an adjustable hydrostatic pump according to the genus of the main claim.

Aus der DE-GM 91 04 126 ist eine derartige Pumpe in einer Ausbildung als Radialkolbenpumpe bekannt, bei der als Verstellorgan ein Hubring vorgesehen ist, dessen Exzentrizität als maßgebliche Größe für die Pumpenverstellung bzw. die Pumpenausschwenkung angesehen wird. Der Hubring wird hier von zwei unterschiedlich großen, hydraulischen Verstellkolben in seiner Position gehalten, wobei der größere Verstellkolben Teil einer hydromechanischen Verstelleinrichtung ist. Die Geräuschentwicklung bei einer derartigen Kolbenpumpe ist sehr stark von der Steifigkeit der hydraulischen Einspannung des Verstellorganes, des Hubrings, abhängig. Die Geräuschentwicklung nimmt mit fallender Steifigkeit der hydraulischen Einspannung des Hubrings zu und wird durch die in Richtung der Verstellung wirkenden Anteile der Triebwerkskräfte verursacht. Je nach Steifigkeit der Einspannung führt dies zu einer mehr oder weniger starken Auslenkung des gesamten Triebwerks im Takt der in den Druckraum der Pumpe ein- bzw. austretenden Kolben. Die hierbei auftretenden Geräusche können bei manchen Anwendungsfällen stören, wo ein besonders geräuscharmes Arbeiten erwünscht ist. Vergleichbare Verhältnisse wie bei der Radialkolbenpumpe liegen bei der Axialkolbenpumpe vor, bei der das Verstellorgan als Schrägscheibe ausgebildet ist sowie bei einer Flügelzellenpumpe, die als Verstellorgan ebenfalls einen Hubring aufweist. From DE-GM 91 04 126 such a pump is in one Training as a radial piston pump known as Adjusting member a cam ring is provided, the Eccentricity as the decisive factor for the Pump adjustment or the pump swivel viewed becomes. The cam ring is here of two different sizes, hydraulic adjusting piston held in position, the larger adjusting piston being part of a hydromechanical adjustment device. The Noise development in such a piston pump is very much from the rigidity of the hydraulic clamping of the adjusting element, the cam ring, depending. The Noise development decreases with decreasing stiffness hydraulic clamping of the cam ring and is by the portions of the Engine forces caused. Depending on the rigidity of the Clamping leads to a more or less strong Deflection of the entire engine in time with the in the Pressure chamber of the pump entering or exiting piston. The some of the noises that occur here Use cases disrupt where a particularly quiet Work is desired. Comparable conditions as with the radial piston pump is available with the axial piston pump, in which the adjusting member is designed as a swash plate as well as a vane pump, which acts as an adjusting element also has a cam ring.

Ferner wurde nach einer älteren Anmeldung P 44 10 719.6 bereits vorgeschlagen, bei einer verstellbaren Radialkolbenpumpe eine aktive Geräuschdämpfung zu betreiben, wobei jedoch die Verstellung des Hubrings über eine elektrohydraulische Regeleinrichtung erfolgt. Der Eingriff für die Geräuschdämpfung wird hier über ein elektrohydraulisches Regelventil vorgenommen, das jedoch bei vielen verstellbaren hydrostatischen Pumpen nicht vorhanden ist.Furthermore, according to an earlier application P 44 10 719.6 already suggested at an adjustable Radial piston pump to operate an active noise damping, however, the adjustment of the cam ring via a electrohydraulic control device. The engagement for noise reduction here is about a electrohydraulic control valve made, but at many adjustable hydrostatic pumps are not available is.

Ferner ist aus der DE 37 00 573 A1 eine Radialkolbenmaschine bekannt, bei der ein zusätzlicher Druckraum im Steuerzapfen über eine gedrosselte Verbindung von der Hochdruckseite her aufladbar ist. Abhängig von der Drehlage wird die im Rotor vorhandene Kolbenbohrung jeweils kurzzeitig mit diesem Druckraum verbunden und eine Druckerhöhung vorgenommen, bevor diese Kolbenbohrung mit dem eigentlichen Hochdrucksteuerschlitz in Verbindung kommt. Die mit der Verringerung der Förderstrompulsation einhergehende Geräuschminderung reicht in verschiedenen Fällen nicht aus, zumal die beim Austauchen des Kolbens aus der Hochdruckseite auftretenden Kraftsprünge nicht berücksichtigt werden. Zu der Art der Verstelleinrichtung werden hier keine näheren Angaben gemacht.Furthermore, a radial piston machine is known from DE 37 00 573 A1 known in which an additional pressure chamber in the control pin via a throttled connection from the high pressure side is rechargeable. Depending on the rotational position, that in the rotor existing piston bore with this briefly Pressure chamber connected and a pressure increase made, before this piston bore with the actual High pressure control slot comes into contact. The one with the Reduction of the flow pulsation accompanying Noise reduction is not enough in various cases especially when the piston is removed from the high pressure side occurring force jumps are not taken into account. To the type of adjustment device will not be specified here Information provided.

Weiterhin ist aus der JP-A 22 38 179 eine verstellbare hydrostatische Pumpe in einer Bauart als Axialkolbenpumpe bekannt, bei der ebenfalls eine Geräuschreduzierung angestrebt wird. Dabei weist die Pumpe neben einer ersten Verstelleinrichtung zur Verstellung des Hubes der Pumpe eine zweite Verstelleinrichtung auf, die zur Geräuschdämpfung eingesetzt wird und deren Stellzylinder über ein elektrohydraulisches Regelventil ansteuerbar ist. Diese Pumpe baut mit zwei Verstelleinrichtungen und elektrohydraulischen Steuergliedern, die abhängig vom Drehwinkel der Pumpe gesteuert werden, relativ aufwendig. Furthermore, JP-A 22 38 179 is an adjustable one hydrostatic pump in one design as an axial piston pump known, also with a noise reduction is sought. The pump has a first Adjustment device for adjusting the stroke of the pump second adjustment device for noise reduction is used and the actuating cylinder via a electrohydraulic control valve is controllable. This Pump builds with two adjustment devices and electrohydraulic control elements that depend on Angle of rotation of the pump can be controlled, relatively expensive.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße verstellbare hydrostatische Pumpe mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß die Geräuschentwicklung der Pumpe wesentlich verringert wird, indem der Einfluß der auf die hydraulische Einspannung des Verstellorgans einwirkenden Anteile der Triebwerkskräfte vermindert wird, wobei diesen entgegengewirkt wird. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ansteuerung des Stellkolbens über eine Zusatzsteuereinrichtung mit einem zusätzlichen Drucksignal, das vom Drehwinkel der Pumpe abhängig ist, werden die triebwerkskraftbedingten Oszillationen und damit das Betriebsgeräusch günstig beeinflußt. Diese Beeinflussung bzw. Verminderung geht weit über ein Maß hinaus, das mit der konstruktiven Gestaltung des Verstellorgans bzw. der Verstellkolben und der Verstelleinrichtung möglich wäre. Die Zusatzsteuereinrichtung zur aktiven Geräuschdämpfung läßt sich mit rein hydromechanischen Funktionselementen realisieren, wodurch eine relativ einfache, platzsparende und kostengünstige Bauweise möglich ist.The adjustable hydrostatic pump according to the invention has the characteristic features of the main claim on the other hand the advantage that the noise of the Pump is significantly reduced by the influence of the acting on the hydraulic clamping of the adjusting element Share of engine power is reduced, this is counteracted. Through the control according to the invention the control piston with an additional control device additional pressure signal from the angle of rotation of the pump is dependent on the engine Oscillations and thus the operating noise are favorable influenced. This influence or reduction goes far beyond a measure that is related to the constructive design of the adjusting member or the adjusting piston and the Adjustment device would be possible. The Additional control device for active noise reduction deal with purely hydromechanical functional elements realize, making a relatively simple, space-saving and inexpensive construction is possible.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Pumpe möglich. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es gemäß Anspruch 2, wenn die Zusatzsteuereinrichtung in bereits vorhandenen Funktionselementen integriert wird, so daß die angegebene Geräuschminderung mit einem sehr kleinen Zusatzaufwand erzielbar ist. Auf diese Weise ist die erforderliche Relativbewegung und die notwendige Synchronisation in der Zusatzsteuereinrichtung bereits gegeben. Eine besonders wirksame Geräuschdämpfung läßt sich gemäß Anspruch 3 erreichen, wenn die Zusatzsteuereinrichtung eine Entlastung By the measures listed in the subclaims advantageous developments and improvements in Main claim specified pump possible. Especially It is advantageous according to claim 2 if the Additional control device in existing ones Functional elements is integrated so that the specified Noise reduction with very little additional effort is achievable. In this way, the required Relative movement and the necessary synchronization in the Additional control device already given. A special one effective noise reduction can be according to claim 3 achieve when the additional control device a discharge

des Druckraums zum Rücklauf steuert. Eine besonders wirksame Geräuschdämpfung läßt sich bei einer Radialkolbenmaschine gemäß Anspruch 5 erreichen. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den übrigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung.controls the pressure chamber to the return. A particularly effective one Noise reduction can be done with a radial piston machine achieve according to claim 5. More beneficial Refinements result from the remaining claims, the Description and the drawing.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 einen Schnitt durch eine rechtsdrehende Radialkolbenpumpe, Figur 2 einen Längsschnitt durch die Radialkolbenpumpe nach Figur 1, Figur 3 ein Diagramm, das in stark vereinfachter Darstellung die Triebwerkskraft in Verstellrichtung in Abhängigkeit vom Drehwinkel darstellt und Figur 4 einen Teil eines Querschnitts nach IV-IV in Figur 2.An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown and in the following description explained. 1 shows a section through a clockwise rotating radial piston pump, Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section by the radial piston pump according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 Diagram showing the Engine power in the direction of adjustment depending on Represents angle of rotation and Figure 4 is part of a Cross-section according to IV-IV in Figure 2.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Die Figur 1 zeigt in Verbindung mit Figur 2 eine Radialkolbenpumpe 10, deren Gehäuse 11 auf der einen Seite durch einen Deckel 12 verschlossen ist. Im Gehäuse 11 ist eine mittige, durchgehende Längsbohrung 13 ausgebildet sowie eine sich daran anschließende zylindrische Ausnehmung 14. In der Längsbohrung 13 ist ein Steuerzapfen 15 befestigt, welcher in die Gehäuseausnehmung 14 ragt. Auf diesem Teil des Steuerzapfens 15 ist ein Rotor 16 gleitend gelagert, in dem mehrere radial verlaufende Zylinderbohrungen 17 ausgebildet sind, in denen Arbeitskolben 18 gleiten. Diese Arbeitskolben 18 sind gelenkig mit Gleitschuhen 19 verbunden, die sich mit ihren Gleitschuhsohlen an der Innenfläche 21 eines zylindrischen Hubrings 22 abstützen, welcher verstellbar in der Gehäuseausnehmung 14 angeordnet ist. Durch die exzentrische Lage des als Verstellorgan dienenden Hubrings 22, wie sie aus Figur 1 erkennbar ist, werden den Arbeitskolben 18 Hubbewegungen erteilt. Zur Fesselung der Gleitschuhe 19 an den Hubring 22 sind Halteringe 23, 24 vorgesehen.FIG. 1 shows one in conjunction with FIG Radial piston pump 10, the housing 11 on one side is closed by a lid 12. In the housing 11 is a central, continuous longitudinal bore 13 is formed as well an adjoining cylindrical recess 14. In the longitudinal bore 13 a control pin 15 is attached, which protrudes into the housing recess 14. On this part of the control pin 15, a rotor 16 is slidably mounted in which a plurality of radially extending cylinder bores 17th are formed in which working pistons 18 slide. This Working pistons 18 are articulated with sliding shoes 19 connected with their shoe soles on the Support the inner surface 21 of a cylindrical cam ring 22, which is adjustably arranged in the housing recess 14 is. Due to the eccentric position of the as an adjusting element serving lifting ring 22, as can be seen in Figure 1, 18 strokes are given to the working pistons. For The slide shoes 19 are tied to the lifting ring 22 Retaining rings 23, 24 are provided.

Im Steuerzapfen 15 sind in der Ebene der Kolbenbohrungen 17 zwei Steuerschlitze 25, 26 ausgebildet, die über ebenfalls im Steuerzapfen 15 ausgebildete Längskanäle 27, 28 und Durchbrüche, von denen lediglich in Figur 2 der obere Durchbruch 29 gezeigt ist, mit radial im Gehäuse 11 verlaufenden, nach außen dringenden Kanälen verbunden sind, die hier als Saugkanal 31 und Druckkanal 32 ausgebildet sind. Am Steuerzapfen 15 sind die zwischen den Steuerschlitzen 25, 26 gelegenen Stege mit 33, 34 bezeichnet, an welchen sich die Totpunkte für die Drehbewegung befinden.In the control pin 15 are in the plane of the piston bores 17th two control slots 25, 26 formed, which also over formed in the control pin 15 longitudinal channels 27, 28 and Breakthroughs, of which only the top in Figure 2 Breakthrough 29 is shown with radial in the housing 11 running, outwardly penetrating channels are connected, which are designed here as suction channel 31 and pressure channel 32 are. On the control pin 15 are between the Control slots 25, 26 webs with 33, 34 denotes at which the dead center for the Rotary motion.

Die Radialkolbenpumpe 10 ist mit einer hydraulischen Hubringverstellung ausgebildet, die eine rein hydromechanische Verstelleinrichtung 35 aufweist. Zu diesem Zweck sind im Gehäuse 11 zwei unterschiedlich große Stellkolben angeordnet, die am Außenumfang des Hubrings 22 auf zwei einander diametral gegenüberliegenden Stellen einwirken. Dabei wird in an sich bekannter Weise der kleinere Stellkolben 36 über einen Kanal 38 stets von der Hochdruckseite 32 aus beaufschlagt. Der größere Stellkolben 37 begrenzt einen Druckraum 39, der über einen am Gehäuse 11 angeflanschten Druckregler 41 von dessen Regelschieber 42 abgesperrt, mit der Hochdruckseite 32 verbunden oder zur Niederdruckseite 31 entlastet wird, wie dies an sich bei Radialkolbenpumpen mit hydraulischer Hubringverstellung bekannt ist. The radial piston pump 10 is hydraulic Hubring adjustment trained that a pure Has hydromechanical adjustment device 35. To this Purpose are two different sizes in the housing 11 Adjusting piston arranged on the outer circumference of the cam ring 22nd in two diametrically opposite positions act. The is in a manner known per se smaller actuating piston 36 via a channel 38 always from the High pressure side 32 acted upon. The larger control piston 37 delimits a pressure chamber 39 which is connected to the housing 11 flanged pressure regulator 41 from its regulating slide 42 shut off, connected to the high pressure side 32 or for Low pressure side 31 is relieved, as in itself Radial piston pumps with hydraulic cam ring adjustment is known.

Der hier als Zylinderstern ausgebildete Rotor 16 ist über eine Kreuzgelenkkupplung 43 von einer Triebwelle 44 angetrieben, welche im Deckel 12 in einem Doppelkugellager 45 gelagert ist.The rotor 16 designed here as a cylindrical star is over a universal joint coupling 43 from a drive shaft 44 driven, which in the cover 12 in a double ball bearing 45 is stored.

Wie die Figur 1 in Verbindung mit Figur 2 und Figur 4 näher zeigt, weist die Radialkolbenpumpe 10 zur aktiven Geräuschdämpfung eine Zusatzsteuereinrichtung 47 auf, welche in eine Steuerverbindung 48 geschaltet ist, die vom Druckraum 39 des großen Verstellkolbens 37 zu einem Rücklauf im Gehäuse 11 geführt ist. Diese Steuerverbindung 48 ist in Figur 1 teilweise und vereinfacht als Leitung 49 dargestellt, die vom Druckraum 39 des Verstellkolbens 37 ausgeht und zu einem Axialkanal 51 im Steuerzapfen 15 führt. Diese Leitung 49 verläuft in nicht näher gezeichneter Weise innerhalb des Gehäuses 11 und steht über eine Ringnut 52 im Gehäuse 11, wie dies in Figur 2 näher gezeichnet ist, mit dem Axialkanal 51 in Verbindung. Zum Zwecke der leichteren Darstellung ist in Figur 2 dieser Axialkanal 51 in die Zeichenebene verdreht dargestellt. Von diesem Axialkanal 51 verläuft eine radiale Drosselbohrung 53 in die Mantelfläche des Steuerzapfens 15 in dessen Abschnitt, auf dem der Zylinderstern 16 gelagert ist. Wie die Figur 2 in Verbindung mit dem Teilschnitt nach Figur 4 näher zeigt, sind in dem Zylinderstern 16 an dessen zylindrischer Innenwand 54 Steuernuten 55 ausgebildet, welche mit der Drosselbohrung 53 zusammenarbeiten und die Zusatzsteuereinrichtung 47 bilden. Diese axial verlaufenden Steuernuten 55 sind zu einer antriebsseitigen Stirnseite des Zylindersterns 16 hin offen, so daß damit eine Verbindung zum Rücklauf im Gehäuse 11 geschaffen ist. Dabei sind jedem Arbeitskolben 18 zwei von diesen Steuernuten 55 zugeordnet, die jeweils im günstigsten Winkelabstand zu demjenigen Arbeitskolben liegen, dessen Kraftsprung kompensiert werden soll. Wie die Figur 4 vereinfacht zeigt, ist die Drosselbohrung 53 außerhalb des Winkelbereichs der Steuernuten 55 durch die Innenwand 54 des Zylindersterns 16 abgeschlossen. Entsprechend der im Zylinderstern 16 vorhandenen, sieben Arbeitskolben 18 sind somit in der Innenwand 54 insgesamt vierzehn Steuernuten 55 angeordnet.Like Figure 1 in connection with Figure 2 and Figure 4 closer shows, the radial piston pump 10 for active Noise reduction an additional control device 47, which is connected in a control connection 48, which from Pressure chamber 39 of the large adjusting piston 37 to a return is guided in the housing 11. This control connection 48 is in 1 partially and simplified as line 49 shown by the pressure chamber 39 of the adjusting piston 37 goes out and leads to an axial channel 51 in the control pin 15. This line 49 runs in a manner not shown within the housing 11 and is an annular groove 52 in Housing 11, as shown in more detail in Figure 2, with the axial channel 51 in connection. For the purpose of lighter This axial channel 51 is shown in FIG Drawing plane shown rotated. From this axial channel 51 runs a radial throttle bore 53 in the lateral surface of the control pin 15 in the section on which the Cylinder star 16 is mounted. Like the figure 2 in connection with the partial section of Figure 4 shows, are in the Cylinder star 16 on its cylindrical inner wall 54 Control grooves 55 formed, which with the throttle bore 53rd cooperate and form the additional control device 47. These axially extending control grooves 55 are one drive end face of the cylindrical star 16 open, so that it connects to the return in the housing 11 is created. Each piston 18 is two of assigned to these tax grooves 55, each in the cheapest Angular distance to the working piston whose Force jump should be compensated. Like the figure 4 shows simplified, the throttle bore 53 is outside the Angular range of the control grooves 55 through the inner wall 54 of the Cylinder star 16 completed. According to the im Cylinder star 16 are present, seven working pistons 18 thus a total of fourteen control grooves 55 in the inner wall 54 arranged.

Die Wirkungsweise der verstellbaren Radialkolbenpumpe 10 wird wie folgt erläutert, wobei deren grundsätzliche Funktion mit der Verstellung des Hubrings 22 durch die hydromechanische Verstelleinrichtung 35 als an sich bekannt vorausgesetzt wird. Bei der in Figur 1 als rechtsdrehend dargestellen Radialkolbenpumpe 10 ist über die Verstelleinrichtung 35 der Hubring 22 nach links ausgestellt. Dabei stützt sich der Hubring 22 aufgrund der zentrierend wirkenden Triebwerkskräfte auf dem großen Stellkolben 37 ab. Jedes Mal, wenn nun einer der Arbeitskolben 18 in die Hochdruckseite beim Steuerschlitz 26 eintaucht oder aus ihr austaucht, erfährt die Abstützkraft Fs am großen Stellkolben 37 einen Sprung in Höhe einer Kolbenkraft nach unten. Verdeutlichen läßt sich dies anhand von Figur 1, wenn der Arbeitskolben 18' bei seiner rechtsdrehenden Bewegung den äußeren Totpunkt 56 überschreitet und dabei in seinen Druckhub übergeht, entsteht über dem Drehwinkel, der in etwa der Vorsteuernut 57 entspricht, ein Druck bzw. Kraftanstieg, der sich über den Gleitschuh auf dem Hubring abstützt. Eine Komponente dieser Abstützkraft beim Eintauchen des Kolbens 18' in die Hochdruckseite drückt den Hubring 22 in der Zeichnung nach Figur 1 nach links und entlastet dabei den großen Stellkolben 37, wobei der Druck in dessen Druckraum 39 sinkt. Ein solcher Sprung der Triebwerkskraft Fs in Verstellrichtung ist über dem Drehwinkel ϕ in Figur 3 näher dargestellt, wo bei 58 diese periodische Kraftschwankung auftritt. Die Figur 3 stellt dabei einen stark vereinfachten und rein schematischen Kraftverlauf dar, um die Zusammenhänge bei einer vorbekannten Pumpe ohne die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung aufzuzeigen. Wird in Figur 3 der erste Kraftsprung 58 dem Kolben 18' zugeordnet, so entsteht der nachfolgende Kraftsprung 59 in dieser Kennlinie dadurch, daß der Arbeitskolben 18" aus der Hochdruckseite des Steuerschlitzes 26 austaucht. Beim Austauchen des Arbeitskolbens 18" und Übergang über den inneren Totpunkt zum Saughub wird die vom Arbeitskolben 18" auf den Hubring 22 nach außen wirkende Stützkraft abgebaut, was wiederum die Stellkraft am großen Stellzylinder 37 verringert. Wie Figur 3 näher zeigt, treten diese Sprünge in der Stellkraft Fs mit der doppelten Kolbenfrequenz auf, so daß insgesamt bei einer Umdrehung des Rotors 16 vierzehn Kraftsprünge 58, 59 auftreten. Diese Kraftsprünge 58, 59 lassen sich durch die Vorsteuernuten 57, 62 am Steuerzapfen 15 etwas verschleifen und in ihrer Höhe mindern, was aus Gründen der Deutlichkeit in Figur 3 nicht dargestellt ist. Der verbleibende Rest der Kraftsprünge führt aber wegen der Nachgiebigkeit der hydraulischen Einspannung zu einer Oszillation des Hubrings 22, die einen Teil des Geräusches der Radialkolbenpumpe 10 ausmacht. Um diese Geräusche zu mindern, wird nun synchron mit den Kraftsprüngen eine Druckänderung im großen Stellkolben 37 durch Öffnen und Schließen von Steuerquerschnitten mit Hilfe der Zusatzsteuereinrichtung 47 bewirkt, wobei diese Zusatzsteuereinrichtung 47 parallel zum eigentlichen Druckregler 41 geschaltet ist. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Zusatzsteuereinrichtung 47 mit Hilfe der Drosselbohrung 53 im Steuerzapfen 15 und den Steuernuten 55 im Rotor 16 integriert, weil auf diese Weise die erforderliche Relativbewegung und die Synchronisation bereits gegeben sind. Wenn beim Eintauchen des Arbeitskolbens 18' in die Hochdruckseite 26 der Kraftsprung 58 am großen Stellkolben 37 auftritt, so wird dem entgegengewirkt dadurch, daß die Zusatzsteuereinrichtung 47 den Druck im Druckraum 39 über die Steuerverbindung 48 rechtzeitig zum Rücklauf abbaut, um somit die Auswirkung des Kraftsprunges 58 zu verringern. In entsprechender Weise wird beim Austauchen des Arbeitskolbens 18" aus der Hochdruckseite 26 ebenfalls von der Zusatzsteuereinrichtung 47 ein Steuerquerschnitt zum Rücklauf geöffnet und der Druck im Stellzylinder 39 abgebaut, um somit die Auswirkung des Kraftsprunges 59 zu mindern. Auf diese Weise lassen sich die durch die Einwirkung der Triebwerkskräfte auf die Stellkolben wirkenden Kraftsprünge erheblich verringern, was zu einer wesentlichen Geräuschabsenkung führt. Die Zusatzsteuereinrichtung 47 ist in ihrer Arbeitsweise auf die hydraulische Hubverstellung so abgestimmt, daß trotz der durch die hydromechanische Verstelleinrichtung auftretenden Verzögerungen ein zeitliches Aufeinandertreffen von Kraftsprung aus dem Triebwerk und Gegenaktion an dem Stellkolben 37 sichergestellt ist.The mode of operation of the adjustable radial piston pump 10 is explained as follows, its basic function with the adjustment of the lifting ring 22 by the hydromechanical adjustment device 35 being assumed to be known per se. In the case of the radial piston pump 10 shown in FIG. 1 as being clockwise, the stroke ring 22 is raised to the left via the adjusting device 35. The cam ring 22 is supported on the large actuating piston 37 due to the centering engine forces. Every time one of the working pistons 18 dips into or emerges from the high-pressure side at the control slot 26, the supporting force F s on the large actuating piston 37 experiences a jump in the amount of a piston force downward. This can be illustrated with the aid of FIG. 1, when the working piston 18 'exceeds the dead center 56 during its clockwise rotation and thereby passes into its pressure stroke, a pressure or force increase arises over the angle of rotation, which corresponds approximately to the pilot groove 57 is supported by the sliding block on the lifting ring. A component of this support force when the piston 18 'is immersed in the high-pressure side presses the cam ring 22 to the left in the drawing according to FIG. 1 and thereby relieves the large actuating piston 37, the pressure in its pressure chamber 39 decreasing. Such a jump in the engine force F s in the adjustment direction is shown in more detail over the angle of rotation ϕ in FIG. 3, where this periodic fluctuation in force occurs at 58. FIG. 3 represents a highly simplified and purely schematic force curve in order to show the relationships in a previously known pump without the device according to the invention. If the first force step 58 is assigned to the piston 18 'in FIG. 3, the subsequent force step 59 in this characteristic curve arises from the fact that the working piston 18 "emerges from the high-pressure side of the control slot 26. When the working piston 18" emerges and the transition occurs via the inner dead center for the suction stroke, the supporting force acting outward from the working piston 18 "on the lifting ring 22 is reduced, which in turn reduces the actuating force on the large actuating cylinder 37. As FIG. 3 shows in more detail, these jumps in the actuating force F s occur at twice the piston frequency, so that a total of fourteen force jumps 58, 59 occur during one revolution of the rotor 16. These force jumps 58, 59 can be ground somewhat by the pilot grooves 57, 62 on the control pin 15 and reduced in height, which is not shown in FIG. 3 for reasons of clarity. The remaining rest of the force jumps lead to one due to the flexibility of the hydraulic clamping Oscillation of the cam ring 22, which makes up part of the noise of the radial piston pump 10. In order to reduce this noise, a pressure change in the large actuating piston 37 is now brought about in synchronism with the force jumps by opening and closing control cross sections with the aid of the additional control device 47, this additional control device 47 being connected in parallel with the actual pressure regulator 41. For this purpose, the additional control device 47 is integrated with the help of the throttle bore 53 in the control pin 15 and the control grooves 55 in the rotor 16, because in this way the required relative movement and synchronization are already provided. If the force jump 58 occurs on the large actuating piston 37 when the working piston 18 'is immersed in the high-pressure side 26, this is counteracted by the fact that the additional control device 47 reduces the pressure in the pressure chamber 39 via the control connection 48 in time for the return, thus reducing the effect of the force jump 58 to decrease. In a corresponding manner, when the working piston 18 "emerges from the high-pressure side 26, the additional control device 47 also opens a control cross section for the return and the pressure in the actuating cylinder 39 is reduced, in order to reduce the effect of the force jump 59 The operation of the additional control device 47 is adapted to the hydraulic stroke adjustment in such a way that, despite the delays caused by the hydromechanical adjustment device, a temporal collision of the force jump from the engine and Counteraction on the actuating piston 37 is ensured.

Selbstverständlich sind Änderungen an der gezeigten Ausführungsform möglich, ohne von der Erfindung abzuweichen. So kann die Radialkolbenpumpe 10 anstelle des Druckreglers 41 auch mit einem kombinierten Druck-Stromregler ausgerüstet werden. Ferner läßt sich die Zusatzsteuereinrichtung 47 ohne weiteres so abändern, daß anstelle der einen Drosselbohrung 53 zwei Steuerausnehmungen im Steuerzapfen 15 liegen, so daß an der Innenwand des Rotors 16 lediglich sieben Steuernuten erforderlich werden, also gleich viel wie die Anzahl der Pumpenelemente 18. Auch läßt sich die Radialkolbenpumpe 10 mit anderen hydromechanischen Verstelleinrichtungen ausrüsten und mit anderen Drehrichtungen betreiben. Bei anderen Bauarten der Radialkolbenpumpe kann es erforderlich sein, daß die Zusatzsteuereinrichtung in dem Druckraum des Stellkolbens eine Druckerhöhung steuert, somit also nicht die Steuerverbindung mit dem Rücklauf, sondern mit einer Hochdruckseite verbunden wird. Weiterhin läßt sich diese Art der aktiven Geräuschdämpfung auch auf Axialkolbenpumpen mit Schrägscheibenbauart übertragen, wobei die Zusatzsteuereinrichtung in die Zylindertrommel und die zugehörige Steuerscheibe integriert wird. Ebenso läßt sich die Geräuschdämpfung auch bei einer Flügelzellenpumpe anwenden, bei der eine vergleichbare Hubringverstellung wie bei der Radialkolbenpumpe vorliegt. In allen diesen Fällen läßt sich durch Einbeziehung bereits vorhandener Funktionselemente eine merkliche Geräuschminderung bei einem relativ kleinen Zusatzaufwand erzielen.Of course, changes to the shown Embodiment possible without the invention to deviate. So the radial piston pump 10 instead of Pressure regulator 41 also with a combined pressure-current regulator be equipped. Furthermore, the Modify additional control device 47 so that instead of the one throttle bore 53 two control recesses lie in the control pin 15, so that on the inner wall of the Rotors 16 only seven control grooves are required so the same as the number of pump elements 18. Also can the radial piston pump 10 with others equip hydromechanical adjustment devices and with operate in other directions. With other types of Radial piston pump may require that the Additional control device in the pressure chamber of the control piston a pressure increase controls, so not the Control connection with the return, but with a High pressure side is connected. Furthermore, this type the active noise reduction also on axial piston pumps Transfer swashplate type, the Additional control device in the cylinder drum and associated control disc is integrated. Likewise, noise reduction even with a vane pump use a similar cam ring adjustment as with the radial piston pump. In all of these cases can be done by including existing ones Functional elements a noticeable reduction in noise achieve relatively little additional effort.

Claims (10)

  1. Adjustable hydrostatic pump, in particular piston pump or vane pump, having a casing, in which there is arranged a rotor, which cooperates with a drive shaft and has recesses in which pump elements are guided so as to slide and are supported, by way of their ends projecting from the rotor, on a lift-generating adjusting member, on which, for the purpose of adjustment, there acts at least one actuating piston, bounding a pressure space, of a hydraulic adjusting device, and having a control element, in which separate control slots assigned to the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side are made, characterized in that a hydromechanical, additional control device (47) is provided which, in parallel with the adjusting device (35), controls a pressure change in the pressure space (39), which is assigned to the actuating piston (37), in an appropriately synchronous manner in relation to the force jumps (58, 59) occurring at the actuating piston (37).
  2. Adjustable pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that the additional control device (47) is formed by the rotor (16) and the associated control element (15), which can move in relation to each other.
  3. Adjustable pump according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additional control device (47) is connected into a control connection (48) led from the pressure space (39) to the return.
  4. Adjustable pump according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the additional control device (47) has control grooves (55) arranged in the rotor (16), each pump element (18) being assigned at least one control groove (55) that is relieved to the return, which control grooves (55) cooperate with at least one casing-side control recess (53) in the control element (15), this recess having a connection to the pressure space (39), and in that control grooves (55) and control recess (53) are coordinated with each other, in terms of their angular position as seen in the direction of rotation, such that each time a pump element (18) penetrates into and emerges from the high-pressure side at the control slot (26) a control cross-section (55, 53) in the additional control device (47) is controlled.
  5. Adjustable pump according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is constructed as a radial piston pump (10) having a cam ring (22) as adjusting member, in which pump working pistons (18) are arranged in each case as pump elements in radial bores (17) in the rotor (16) and are supported on the inner circumference of the cam ring (22) via sliding shoes (19), and in which pump the rotor (16) is mounted on a control pin (15), which serves as a control element and contains the control slots (25, 26), with a connection to a suction channel (31) and a pressure channel (32), respectively, and having two actuating pistons (36, 37) of different diameters, which act on the outer circumference of the cam ring (22) at diametrically opposed points and of which the smaller (36) is always loaded by the high-pressure side (26) of the pump and the larger (37) can be connected via a hydromechanical adjusting device (41) to the high-pressure side (26) or to the low-pressure side (25).
  6. Adjustable pump according to Claim 5, characterized in that the control grooves (55) of the additional control device (47) are distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the rotor (16) and are open to one end of the said rotor, and in that there is arranged in the outer surface of the control pin (15), as a control recess, at least one radial throttling bore (53), which has a connection to the pressure space (39) at the large actuating piston (37) via a casing-side channel (51, 49).
  7. Adjustable pump according to Claim 6, characterized in that, in the case of a rotor (16) with seven pistons (18), fourteen associated control grooves (55) are provided.
  8. Adjustable pump according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the additional control device (47) controls a dissipation of pressure in the pressure space (39) in synchronism with the force jumps.
  9. Adjustable pump according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is constructed as an axial piston pump of swash-plate design, in which the rotor is constructed as a cylindrical drum, the adjusting member is constructed as an adjustable swash plate and the control element is constructed as a control disc, the additional control device being integrated into the cylinder drum and the control disc.
  10. Adjustable pump according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is constructed as a vane pump and the additional control device is integrated into a rotor and an end control plate.
EP96900534A 1995-02-09 1996-01-20 Adjustable hydrostatic pump Expired - Lifetime EP0808421B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19504220A DE19504220A1 (en) 1995-02-09 1995-02-09 Adjustable hydrostatic pump
DE19504220 1995-02-09
PCT/DE1996/000081 WO1996024766A1 (en) 1995-02-09 1996-01-20 Adjustable hydrostatic pump

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EP0808421A1 EP0808421A1 (en) 1997-11-26
EP0808421B1 true EP0808421B1 (en) 1999-05-19

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US (1) US5980215A (en)
EP (1) EP0808421B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH10513525A (en)
KR (1) KR100382129B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1077958C (en)
DE (2) DE19504220A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996024766A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
US5980215A (en) 1999-11-09
EP0808421A1 (en) 1997-11-26
WO1996024766A1 (en) 1996-08-15
DE59601946D1 (en) 1999-06-24
DE19504220A1 (en) 1996-08-14
KR100382129B1 (en) 2003-08-21
JPH10513525A (en) 1998-12-22
CN1173912A (en) 1998-02-18
KR19980702023A (en) 1998-07-15
CN1077958C (en) 2002-01-16

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