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EP0189786B1 - Axial-piston machine - Google Patents

Axial-piston machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0189786B1
EP0189786B1 EP86100502A EP86100502A EP0189786B1 EP 0189786 B1 EP0189786 B1 EP 0189786B1 EP 86100502 A EP86100502 A EP 86100502A EP 86100502 A EP86100502 A EP 86100502A EP 0189786 B1 EP0189786 B1 EP 0189786B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
disc body
oblique disc
recess
piston machine
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86100502A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0189786A3 (en
EP0189786A2 (en
Inventor
Rolf Rohde
Herbert Kurz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hydromatik GmbH
Original Assignee
Hydromatik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydromatik GmbH filed Critical Hydromatik GmbH
Publication of EP0189786A2 publication Critical patent/EP0189786A2/en
Publication of EP0189786A3 publication Critical patent/EP0189786A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0189786B1 publication Critical patent/EP0189786B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S384/00—Bearings
    • Y10S384/90—Cooling or heating
    • Y10S384/906—Antirotation key
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056—Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18296—Cam and slide
    • Y10T74/18336—Wabbler type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an axial piston machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing an axial piston machine of the type described at the outset in such a way that, in a space-saving design, a technically simple, assembly-friendly and stable rotation lock is achieved.
  • the swashplate body with its round circumferential surface, of which at least one axis lies outside the common axis is inserted in a form-locked manner in a recess of the housing shaped correspondingly to this circumferential surface.
  • a round circumferential surface is to be understood, for example, as a circular circumferential surface, one axis of which lies outside the common axis of the swashplate body and the drive shaft, i.e. is a circumferential surface that is eccentric to this common axis, or an oval or elliptical circumferential surface, of which at least one of the axes of symmetry lies outside of said common axis.
  • the desired rotation lock is obtained automatically because the swash plate body is inserted in a form-fitting manner in the housing without additional fastening and is secured in the recess.
  • the desired stability results from the fact that on the one hand practically the entire circumferential surface of the swashplate body is included in the anti-rotation device, which results in a low surface pressure, and on the other hand the anti-rotation device is effective at a large distance from the axis of the swashplate body with respect to the size of the swashplate body , whereby the forces acting on the swashplate body in the circumferential direction are reduced.
  • Another advantage of the configuration according to the invention is that no additional components are required for the rotation lock, as is the case with the known configuration. This is important for manufacturing reasons and also for reasons of simple assembly and disassembly. In the embodiment according to the invention, it is only necessary to insert the swashplate body with its round peripheral surface into the correspondingly shaped recess of the housing.
  • the configuration according to the invention is suitable both for the axial piston pumps with a constant delivery volume and for those with a variable delivery volume and also for those in which the direction of rotation is reversible.
  • a swivel bearing and an adjustment mechanism for swiveling the swash plate are required.
  • the term swashplate body includes not only the swashplate itself, but also its base plate, on which it is supported as a pivotable part on the housing.
  • the configuration according to the invention is suitable both for pump operation and for motor operation of these axial piston machines.
  • the axial piston machine consists of a housing 1 with a fastening flange 2 and a housing cover 3 at the end opposite the fastening flange 2.
  • an axially extending drive shaft 4 is mounted in roller bearings 5, 6, on which a cylinder drum 7 is rotatably mounted within the housing 1 and has a plurality of axially extending cylinder bores on a pitch circle, in which pistons 9 are displaceable.
  • the pistons have at their ends facing the mounting flange 2 piston heads 11 which are received in a known manner in slide shoes 12 and are axially supported with these slide shoes 12 on the inclined surface 13 of a swash plate 14 which is penetrated by the drive shaft 4 in a through opening 10 .
  • the swash plate 14, in which the roller bearing 5 for receiving the drive shaft 4 is received and secured by a bearing cover 15, has two cylindrical peripheral surfaces 16, 17 with different diameters d, D, which are arranged eccentrically to one another.
  • the eccentricity is designated E in FIG. 3.
  • the smaller-diameter cylindrical peripheral surface 16 is further away from the inclined surface 1 than the larger cylindrical peripheral surface 17.
  • the diameter ratio is approximately 1: 1.15.
  • the smaller cylindrical peripheral surface 16 - viewed axially - is arranged within the larger cylindrical peripheral surface 17, so that a shoulder in the form of a stepped surface 18 results on the entire surface of the swash plate 14.
  • the housing 1 has a recess generally designated 19 for receiving the swash plate 14, the recess being stepped in diameter, the larger cylindrical inner peripheral surface 21, the smaller cylindrical inner peripheral surface 22 and the shoulder extending between these two in the form of a step surface 23 correspond to the shape of the relevant surfaces on the swash plate 14 due to the same eccentricity E.
  • the swash plate 14 can therefore be inserted approximately closing from the inside into the recess 1, wherein due to the eccentric arrangement of the peripheral surfaces 16, 22; 17, 21 and the presence of the stepped surfaces 18, 23 results for the swash plate 14 both in the circumferential direction 24 effective rotation lock and in the direction facing away from the cylinder drum 7 effective axial lock.
  • a special axial securing in the area of the recess 19 in the direction of the cylinder drum 17 is not required, because during operation of the axial piston pump, the piston / slide shoe arrangement, generally designated 25, acts on the swash plate 14 in the direction of the step surfaces 18, 23 and thus secures in their position.
  • a compression spring 26 is present, which acts on the piston / slide shoe arrangement 25 in the direction of the swash plate 14, whereby it is supported on the cylinder drum 7 and by means of a dome-shaped, axially displaceable sleeve 27 and a holding plate 28 for the slide shoes 12 on the latter works.
  • the compression spring 26 acts simultaneously on the non-rotatable, but axially displaceably mounted on the drive shaft 4 cylinder drum 7 against the control surface of a control disk 29.
  • the control disk 29 and the suction and pressure lines extending through it correspond in principle to conventional designs and are therefore not to be described.
  • the swash plate 14 is acted upon in the circumferential direction 24 due to the inclined surface 14 and the rotary movement of the cylinder drum 7. Due to the eccentric arrangement of the peripheral surfaces 16, 22; 17, 21, which present as form-fitting surfaces extending transversely to the circumferential direction 24, the rotation lock of the swash plate 14 is ensured.
  • the eccentricity E results in a pulling contact between these peripheral surfaces, which is equivalent to a damped stop.
  • Another hydraulic Damping is provided by the fact that the oil film present between these peripheral surfaces acts as damping. The oil film can therefore between the peripheral surfaces 16, 22; 17, 21 continue because the sealing ring 31 for sealing the swash plate 14 on the outside from the peripheral surfaces 16, 22; 17, 21 is arranged.
  • the assembly or disassembly of the swash plate 14 takes place through the opening of the housing 1 which can be closed with the cover 3 and which is of correspondingly large size.
  • the drive shaft 4 is secured by means of the bearing 5 in the swash plate 14 against displacement in both axial directions, on the one hand by the bearing cover 15 and on the other hand by a locking ring 32.
  • the swash plate 14 and the drive shaft 4 optionally with the cylinder drum 7 and the piston-shoe arrangement 25 represent a preassembled component.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Axial-Kolbenmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an axial piston machine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine Axial-Kolbenmaschine dieser Bauart ist in US-PS-3 177 665 beschrieben und dargestellt (vgl. Fig. 1A). Bei dieser bekannten Ausgestaltung ist die notwendige Drehsicherung des Schiefscheibenkörpers durch Gewindeschrauben gebildet, die axial von außen einen Flansch des Gehäuses der Axial-Kolbenmaschine durchfassen und in den Schiefscheibenkörper eingeschraubt sind. Auf diese Weise ist der Schiefscheibenkörper nicht nur drehgesichert, sondern auch gleichzeitig am Flansch des Gehäuses befestigt.An axial piston machine of this type is described and shown in US Pat. No. 3,177,665 (see FIG. 1A). In this known embodiment, the necessary rotation lock of the swash plate body is formed by threaded screws which axially pass through a flange of the housing of the axial piston machine and are screwed into the swash plate body. In this way, the swashplate body is not only secured against rotation, but also attached to the flange of the housing at the same time.

Diese bekannte Ausgestaltung ist aus mehreren Gründen nachteilig. Ein wesentlicher Nachteil ist darin zu sehen, daß mehrere zusätzliche Teile für die Drehsicherung notwendig sind, die nicht nur für sich selbst, sondern auch im Hinblick auf die durch sie bedingte Formgebung am Gehäuse und am Schiefscheibenkörper (Durchgangslöcher, Gewindelöcher) einen verhältnismäßig großen Herstellungsaufwand beanspruchen. Die Anordnung der Gewindeschrauben führt außerdem zu einer vergrößerten Bauweise. Ferner läßt sich aufgrund notwendigen Spiels der Gewindeschrauben in den Durchgangslöchern des Gehäuseflansches und auch in den Gewindelöchern des Schiefscheibenkörpers eine stabile Drehsicherung nur mit Gewindeschrauben hoher Spannkraft, also großen Gewindeschrauben, verwirklichen, die aus den vorgenannten Grüden nachteilig sind.This known configuration is disadvantageous for several reasons. A major disadvantage is the fact that several additional parts are required for the rotation lock, which not only require a relatively large amount of production effort for themselves, but also with regard to the shape of the housing and the swashplate body (through holes, threaded holes) caused by them . The arrangement of the threaded screws also leads to an enlarged construction. Furthermore, due to the necessary play of the threaded screws in the through holes of the housing flange and also in the threaded holes of the swashplate body, a stable rotation lock can only be realized with threaded screws of high clamping force, that is to say large threaded screws, which are disadvantageous for the aforementioned reasons.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Axial-Kolbenmaschine der eingangs beschriebenen Bauart so auszugestalten, daß bei raumsparender Bauweise eine herstellungstechnisch einfache, montagefreundliche und stabile Drehsicherung erreicht wird.The invention is based on the object of designing an axial piston machine of the type described at the outset in such a way that, in a space-saving design, a technically simple, assembly-friendly and stable rotation lock is achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung ist der Schiefscheibenkörper mit seiner runden Umfangsfläche, von der wenigstens eine Achse außerhalb der gemeinsamen Achse liegt, formschlüssig drehgesichert in einer entsprechend dieser Umfangsfläche geformten Ausnehmung des Gehäuses eingesetzt. Unter einer runden Umfangsfläche ist dabei beispielsweise eine kreisrunde Umfangsfläche zu verstehen, deren eine Achse außerhalb der gemeinsamen Achse des Schiefscheibenkörpers und der Triebwelle liegt, also eine zu dieser gemeinsamen Achse exzentrische Umfangsfläche ist, oder auch eine ovale bzw. elliptische Umfangsfläche zu verstehen, von der mindestens eine der Symmetrieachsen außerhalb der genannten gemeinsamen Achse liegt. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung ergibt sich die angestrebte Drehsicherung automatisch, weil der Schiefscheibenkörper formschlüssig ohne zusätzliche Befestigung in das Gehäuse eingesetzt und in der Ausnehmung gesichert ist. Die angestrebte Stabilität ergibt sich dadurch, daß zum einen praktisch die gesamte Umfangsfläche des Schiefscheibenkörpers in die Drehsicherung einbezogen ist, wodurch sich eine geringe Flächenpressung ergibt, und zum anderen die Drehsicherung in einem bezüglich der Größe des Schiefscheibenkörpers großen Abstand von der Achse des Schiefscheibenkörpers wirksam ist, wodurch die den Schiefscheibenkörper in Umfangsrichtung beaufschlagenden Kräfte verringert sind.In the embodiment according to the invention, the swashplate body with its round circumferential surface, of which at least one axis lies outside the common axis, is inserted in a form-locked manner in a recess of the housing shaped correspondingly to this circumferential surface. A round circumferential surface is to be understood, for example, as a circular circumferential surface, one axis of which lies outside the common axis of the swashplate body and the drive shaft, i.e. is a circumferential surface that is eccentric to this common axis, or an oval or elliptical circumferential surface, of which at least one of the axes of symmetry lies outside of said common axis. In this embodiment, the desired rotation lock is obtained automatically because the swash plate body is inserted in a form-fitting manner in the housing without additional fastening and is secured in the recess. The desired stability results from the fact that on the one hand practically the entire circumferential surface of the swashplate body is included in the anti-rotation device, which results in a low surface pressure, and on the other hand the anti-rotation device is effective at a large distance from the axis of the swashplate body with respect to the size of the swashplate body , whereby the forces acting on the swashplate body in the circumferential direction are reduced.

Durch das Einsetzen des Schiefscheibenkörpers ohne zusätzliche Befestigung in das Gehäuse ergibt sich ein weiterer wesentlicher Vorteil, der angesichts der erheblichen Belastungen, die im Betrieb der Axial-Kolbenmaschine auf den Schiefscheibenkörper wirken, von erheblicher Bedeutung ist. Aufgrund des durch die Toleranzen entstehenden Spiels zwischen der Umfangsfläche des Schiefscheibenkörpers und der Umfangsfläche der Ausnehmung ergibt sich ein Freiraum, der im Betrieb der Axial-Kolbenmaschine zusammen mit dem üblicherweise mit Öl vollständig gefüllten Innenraum des Maschinengehäuses ebenfalls mit Öl gefüllt ist. Bei den durch Lastwechsel an der Triebwelle entstehenden wechselseitigen Schlägen, die im Betrieb der Axial-Kolbenmaschine am Schiefscheibenkörper in Umfangsrichtung wirken, wirkt sich dieser Ölfilm zwischen den Umfangsfläche im Sinne einer hydraulischen Dämpfung aus, wodurch Belastungsspitzen abgebaut und die Lebensdauer der Axial-Kolbenmaschine insgesamt vergrößert wird.By inserting the swash plate body without additional fastening in the housing, there is a further significant advantage which is of considerable importance in view of the considerable loads which act on the swash plate body during operation of the axial piston machine. Due to the play resulting from the tolerances between the peripheral surface of the swashplate body and the peripheral surface of the recess, there is a free space which is also filled with oil during operation of the axial piston machine together with the interior of the machine housing, which is usually completely filled with oil. In the event of alternating impacts caused by load changes on the drive shaft, which act in the circumferential direction on the swashplate body during operation of the axial piston machine, this oil film acts between the circumferential surface in the sense of hydraulic damping, as a result of which load peaks are reduced and the service life of the axial piston machine is increased overall becomes.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung besteht darin, daß für die Drehsicherung keine zusätzlichen Bauteile erforderlich sind, wie es bei der bekannten Ausgestaltung der Fall ist. Dies ist aus herstellungstechnischen Gründen und auch aus Gründen einfacher Montage bzw. Demontage von Bedeutung. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung bedarf es lediglich des Einsetzens des Schiefscheibenkörpers mit seiner runden Umfangsfläche in die entsprechend geformte Ausnehmung des Gehäuses.Another advantage of the configuration according to the invention is that no additional components are required for the rotation lock, as is the case with the known configuration. This is important for manufacturing reasons and also for reasons of simple assembly and disassembly. In the embodiment according to the invention, it is only necessary to insert the swashplate body with its round peripheral surface into the correspondingly shaped recess of the housing.

Die Weiterbildungen nach den Ansprüchen 2 und 3 führen zu einer Formgebung, die sowohl am Schiefscheibenkörper als auch am Gehäuse einfach und preiswert verwirklicht werden kann. Außerdem ermöglicht diese Weiterbildung Anordnungen der zylindrischen Umfangsflächen zueinander, bei denen sich aufgrund ziehender Berührung der Formschlußflächen ein verhältnismäßig weicher Anschlag verwirklichen läßt, wenn der Schiefscheibenkörper in die eine oder in die andere Umfangsrichtung beaufschlagt wird. Aufgrund eines die Montage bzw. Demontage erleichternden Spiels in der Ausnehmung bedarf es einer bestimmten Exzentrizität zwischen den zylindrischen Umfangsflächen, um ein Verklemmen des Schiefscheibenkörpers in der Ausnehmung durch eine Bewegung in Umfangsrichtung zu verhindern.The developments according to claims 2 and 3 lead to a shape that can be implemented easily and inexpensively both on the swash plate body and on the housing. In addition, this development enables arrangements of the cylindrical peripheral surfaces to each other, in which a relatively soft stop can be achieved due to pulling contact of the form-fitting surfaces when the swashplate body is acted upon in one or the other circumferential direction. Due to a play in the recess that facilitates assembly and disassembly, a certain eccentricity between the cylindrical circumferential surfaces is required in order to prevent the swashplate body from jamming in the recess by a movement in the circumferential direction.

Da eine gesonderte axiale Befestigung des Schiefscheibenkörpers nicht vorhanden ist, sondem dieser unter der Belastung der Kolben-Gleitschuh-Anordnung gegen die sich quer zur Achsrichtung erstreckende Anschlagfläche am Gehäuse abgestützt und gehalten ist, ist zur axialen Sicherung des Schiefscheibenkörpers im unbelasteten Zustand der Maschine gemäß Anspruch 5 der Schiefscheibenkörper gegen eine Verschiebung in Richtung auf die Zylindertrommel zusätzlich durch eine ihn in Richtung auf die Ausnehmung beaufschlagende Feder gehalten.Since there is no separate axial fastening of the swashplate body, son that this is supported and held under the load of the piston / slide shoe arrangement against the stop surface extending transversely to the axial direction on the housing, for axially securing the swashplate body in the unloaded state of the machine according to claim 5, the swashplate body against displacement in the direction of the cylinder drum additionally held by a spring acting on it in the direction of the recess.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung eignet sich sowohl für die Axial-Kolbenpumpen mit konstantem Fördervolumen als auch solchen, mit veränderlichem Fördervolumen und auch solchen, bei denen die Drehrichtung umkehrbar ist. In den beiden zuletzt genannten Fällen bedarf es eines Schwenklagers und eines Verstellmechanismus zum Verschwenken der Schiefscheibe. In solchen Fällen umfaßt der Begriff Schiefscheibenkörper nicht nur die Schiefscheibe selbst, sondern auch deren Basisplatte, auf der sie als schwenkbares Teil am Gehäuse abgestützt ist. Darüberhinaus ist noch zu bemerken, daß die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung sich sowohl für den Pumpenbetrieb als auch für den Motorbetrieb dieser Axial-Kolbenmaschinen eignet.The configuration according to the invention is suitable both for the axial piston pumps with a constant delivery volume and for those with a variable delivery volume and also for those in which the direction of rotation is reversible. In the latter two cases, a swivel bearing and an adjustment mechanism for swiveling the swash plate are required. In such cases, the term swashplate body includes not only the swashplate itself, but also its base plate, on which it is supported as a pivotable part on the housing. In addition, it should also be noted that the configuration according to the invention is suitable both for pump operation and for motor operation of these axial piston machines.

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand einer einfachen Zeichnung beschrieben, es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäß ausgestaltete hydrostatische Axial-Kolbenmaschine im Längsschnitt;
  • Fig. 2 den Schiefscheibenkörper der Axial-Kolbenmaschine im Längsschnitt;
  • Fig. 3 den Schiefscheibenkörper nach Fig. 2 in der Draufsicht.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below using a simple drawing, which shows:
  • 1 shows a hydrostatic axial piston machine designed according to the invention in longitudinal section;
  • Figure 2 shows the swash plate body of the axial piston machine in longitudinal section.
  • Fig. 3 shows the swash plate body of FIG. 2 in plan view.

Die Axial-Kolbenmaschine besteht aus einem Gehäuse 1 mit einem Befestigungsflansch 2 und einem Gehäusedeckel 3 am dem Befestigungsflansch 2 entgegengesetzten Ende. Im Gehäuse 1 ist eine sich axial erstreckende Triebwelle 4 in Wälzlagern 5, 6 gelagert, auf der innerhalb des Gehäuses 1 eine Zylindertrommel 7 drehfest gelagert ist, die auf einem Teilkreis eine Mehrzahl sich axial erstreckender Zylinderbohrungen aufweist, in denen Kolben 9 verschiebbar sind. Die Kolben weisen an ihren dem Befestigungsflansch 2 zugewandten Enden Kolbenköpfe 11 auf, die in bekannter Weise in Gleitschuhen 12 aufgenommen und mit diesen Gleitschuhen 12 axial an der schiefen Fläche 13 einer Schiefscheibe 14 abgestützt sind, die von der Triebwelle 4 in einer Durchführungsöffnung 10 durchfaßt wird. Die Schiefscheibe 14, in der das Wälzlager 5 zur Lagerung der Triebwelle 4 aufgenommen und durch einen Lagerdeckel 15 gesichert ist, weist zwei zylindrische Umfangsflächen 16, 17 mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern d, D auf, die exzentrisch zueinander angeordnet sind. Die Exzentrizität ist in Fig. 3 mit E bezeichnet.The axial piston machine consists of a housing 1 with a fastening flange 2 and a housing cover 3 at the end opposite the fastening flange 2. In the housing 1, an axially extending drive shaft 4 is mounted in roller bearings 5, 6, on which a cylinder drum 7 is rotatably mounted within the housing 1 and has a plurality of axially extending cylinder bores on a pitch circle, in which pistons 9 are displaceable. The pistons have at their ends facing the mounting flange 2 piston heads 11 which are received in a known manner in slide shoes 12 and are axially supported with these slide shoes 12 on the inclined surface 13 of a swash plate 14 which is penetrated by the drive shaft 4 in a through opening 10 . The swash plate 14, in which the roller bearing 5 for receiving the drive shaft 4 is received and secured by a bearing cover 15, has two cylindrical peripheral surfaces 16, 17 with different diameters d, D, which are arranged eccentrically to one another. The eccentricity is designated E in FIG. 3.

Die im Durchmesserkleinere zylindrische Umfangsfläche 16 ist der schiefen Fläche 1 weiter entfernt als die größere zylindrische Umfangsfläche 17. Das Durchmesserverhältnis beträgt etwa 1 : 1,15. Dabei ist die kleinere zylindrische Umfangsfläche 16 - axial gesehen - innerhalb der größeren zylindrischen Umfangsfläche 17 angeordnet, so daß sich auf der gesamten Fläche der Schiefscheibe 14 eine Schulter in Form einer Stufenfläche 18 ergibt.The smaller-diameter cylindrical peripheral surface 16 is further away from the inclined surface 1 than the larger cylindrical peripheral surface 17. The diameter ratio is approximately 1: 1.15. The smaller cylindrical peripheral surface 16 - viewed axially - is arranged within the larger cylindrical peripheral surface 17, so that a shoulder in the form of a stepped surface 18 results on the entire surface of the swash plate 14.

Das Gehäuse 1 weist zur Aufnahme der Schiefscheibe 14 eineallgemein mit 19 bezeichnete Ausnehmung auf, die im Durchmesser gestuft ist, wobei die im Durchmesser größere zylindrische Innenumfangsfläche 21, die im Durchmesser kleinere zylindrische Innenumfangsfläche 22 und die sich zwischen diesen beiden erstreckende Schulter in Form einer Stufenfläche 23 aufgrund der gleichen Exzentrizität E der Formgebung der dies bezüglichen Flächen an der Schiefscheibe 14 entsprechen. Die Schiefscheibe 14 kann deshalb etwa schließend von innen her in die Ausnehmung 1 eingesetzt werden, wobei aufgrund der exzentrischen Anordnung der Umfangsflächen 16, 22; 17, 21 und des Vorhandenseins der Stufenflächen 18, 23 sich für die Schiefscheibe 14 sowohl eine in Umfangsrichtung 24 wirksame Drehsicherung als auch eine in der der Zylindertrommel 7 abgewandten Richtung wirksame Axialsicherung ergibt.The housing 1 has a recess generally designated 19 for receiving the swash plate 14, the recess being stepped in diameter, the larger cylindrical inner peripheral surface 21, the smaller cylindrical inner peripheral surface 22 and the shoulder extending between these two in the form of a step surface 23 correspond to the shape of the relevant surfaces on the swash plate 14 due to the same eccentricity E. The swash plate 14 can therefore be inserted approximately closing from the inside into the recess 1, wherein due to the eccentric arrangement of the peripheral surfaces 16, 22; 17, 21 and the presence of the stepped surfaces 18, 23 results for the swash plate 14 both in the circumferential direction 24 effective rotation lock and in the direction facing away from the cylinder drum 7 effective axial lock.

Einer besonderen in Richtung auf die Zylindertrommel 17 wirksamen Axialsicherung im Bereich der Ausnehmung 19 bedarf es nicht, weil im Betrieb der Axial-Kolbenpumpe die allgemein mit 25 bezeichnete Kolben-Gleitschuh-Anordnung die Schiefscheibe 14 in Richtung auf die Stufenflächen 18, 23 beaufschlagt und somit in ihrer Position sichert. Zusätzlich ist eine Druckfeder 26 vorhanden, d die Kolben-Gleitschuh-Anordnung 25 in Richtung auf die Schiefscheibe 14 beaufschlagt, wobei sie an der Zylindertrommel 7 abgestützt ist und mittels einer kuppelförmigen, axial verschiebbaren Hülse 27 sowie einer Halteplatte 28 für die Gleitschuhe 12 auf letztere wirkt.A special axial securing in the area of the recess 19 in the direction of the cylinder drum 17 is not required, because during operation of the axial piston pump, the piston / slide shoe arrangement, generally designated 25, acts on the swash plate 14 in the direction of the step surfaces 18, 23 and thus secures in their position. In addition, a compression spring 26 is present, which acts on the piston / slide shoe arrangement 25 in the direction of the swash plate 14, whereby it is supported on the cylinder drum 7 and by means of a dome-shaped, axially displaceable sleeve 27 and a holding plate 28 for the slide shoes 12 on the latter works.

Durch die Druckfeder 26 ist gleichzeitig die drehfest, jedoch axial verschieblich auf der Triebwelle 4 gelagerte Zylindertrommel 7 gegen die Steuerfläche einer Steuerscheibe 29 beaufschlagt. Die Steuerscheibe 29 und die sich durch sie erstreckenden Saug- und Druckleitungen entsprechen prinzipiell üblichen Ausgestaltungen und sollen deshalb nicht beschrieben werden.The compression spring 26 acts simultaneously on the non-rotatable, but axially displaceably mounted on the drive shaft 4 cylinder drum 7 against the control surface of a control disk 29. The control disk 29 and the suction and pressure lines extending through it correspond in principle to conventional designs and are therefore not to be described.

Im Betrieb wird die Schiefscheibe 14 aufgrund der schiefen Fläche 14 und der Drehbewegung der Zylindertrommel 7 in Umfangsrichtung 24 beaufschlagt. Aufgrund der exzentrischen Anordnung der Umfangsflächen 16, 22; 17, 21, die sich als quer zur Umfangsrichtung 24 erstreckende Formschlußflächen darstellen, ist die Drehsicherung der Schiefscheibe 14 gewährleistet. Dabei ergibt sich aufgrund der Exzentrizität E eine ziehende Berührung zwischen diesen Umfangsflächen, die einem gedämpften Anschlag gleichkommt. Eine weitere hydraulische Dämpfung ist dadurch gegeben, daß der zwischen diesen Umfangsflächen vorhandene Ölfilm als Dämpfung wirkt. Der Ölfilm kann sich deshalb zwischen die Umfangsflächen 16, 22; 17, 21 fortsetzen, weil der Dichtungsring 31 zur Abdichtung der Schiefscheibe 14 außenseitig von den Umfangsflächen 16, 22; 17, 21 angeordnet ist.During operation, the swash plate 14 is acted upon in the circumferential direction 24 due to the inclined surface 14 and the rotary movement of the cylinder drum 7. Due to the eccentric arrangement of the peripheral surfaces 16, 22; 17, 21, which present as form-fitting surfaces extending transversely to the circumferential direction 24, the rotation lock of the swash plate 14 is ensured. The eccentricity E results in a pulling contact between these peripheral surfaces, which is equivalent to a damped stop. Another hydraulic Damping is provided by the fact that the oil film present between these peripheral surfaces acts as damping. The oil film can therefore between the peripheral surfaces 16, 22; 17, 21 continue because the sealing ring 31 for sealing the swash plate 14 on the outside from the peripheral surfaces 16, 22; 17, 21 is arranged.

Die Montage bzw. Demontage der Schiefscheibe 14 erfolgt durch die mit dem Deckel 3 verschließbare Öffnung des Gehäuses 1, die entsprechend groß bemessen ist.The assembly or disassembly of the swash plate 14 takes place through the opening of the housing 1 which can be closed with the cover 3 and which is of correspondingly large size.

Die Triebwelle 4 ist mittels des Lagers 5 in der Schiefscheibe 14 gegen eine Verschiebung in beiden axialen Richtungen gesichert, und zwar einerseits durch den Lagerdeckel 15 und andererseits durch einen Sicherungsring 32. Auf diese Weise stellt die Schiefscheibe 14 und die Triebwelle 4 gegebenenfalls mit der Zylindertrommel 7 und der Kolben-Gleitschuh-Anordnung 25 ein vormontierbares Bauteil dar.The drive shaft 4 is secured by means of the bearing 5 in the swash plate 14 against displacement in both axial directions, on the one hand by the bearing cover 15 and on the other hand by a locking ring 32. In this way, the swash plate 14 and the drive shaft 4 optionally with the cylinder drum 7 and the piston-shoe arrangement 25 represent a preassembled component.

Claims (5)

1. An axial piston machine having an oblique disc body (14) inserted in a recess (19) in a housing (1) and secured against rotation, having a drive shaft (4) which is mounted in the oblique disc body (14), and having a rotatable cylinder drum (7) which is coupled with the drive shaft and in which a plurality of pistons (9) can be axially displaced in piston bore holes, the heads (11) of said pistons being supported by means of sliding shoes (12) against the oblique surface of the oblique disc body (14), the oblique disc body (14) for its part being supported on the housing (1) in the direction away from the cylinder drum (7) by a stop face (18) extending transverse to the axial direction, characterised in that the oblique disc body (14) has a circular peripheral surface (17) of which at least one axis is outside the common axis of the oblique disc body (14) and the drive shaft (4), said peripheral surface (17) of the oblique disc body (14) being secured against rotation by contact in a formlocked manner over a large part of its periphery and with little surface pressure with the wall of the recess (19) in the housing (1) that is formed corresponding to said peripheral surface (17), the oblique disc body (14) being inserted in the housing (1) without additional securing means so that in operation a damping film of oil forms between the peripheral surface (17) of the oblique disc body (14) and the peripheral surface of the recess (19).
2. An axial piston machine according to claim 1, characterised in that two cylindrical peripheral surfaces (16, 17; 21, 22) are formed on the oblique disc body (14) and on the recess (19), said surfaces lying one after the other in the axial direction and being arranged eccentrically (E) to one another and one of said surfaces forming the circular peripheral surface.
3. An axial piston machine according to claim 2, characterised in that the cylindrical peripheral surfaces (16, 21; 17, 22) have different diameters (d, D) and the smaller peripheral surfaces (16, 21) are arranged inside an imaginary envelope formed by the larger peripheral surfaces (17, 22).
4. An axial piston machine according to claim 3, characterised in that the stop face (18) is arranged in the axial direction between the larger and the smaller peripheral surfaces (16, 17).
5. An axial piston machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the oblique disc body (14) is additionally held against displacement towards the cylinder drum (7) by a spring (26) urging it towards the recess (19).
EP86100502A 1985-02-01 1986-01-16 Axial-piston machine Expired EP0189786B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3503437A DE3503437C2 (en) 1985-02-01 1985-02-01 Axial piston machine
DE3503437 1985-02-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0189786A2 EP0189786A2 (en) 1986-08-06
EP0189786A3 EP0189786A3 (en) 1987-09-16
EP0189786B1 true EP0189786B1 (en) 1989-10-04

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ID=6261419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86100502A Expired EP0189786B1 (en) 1985-02-01 1986-01-16 Axial-piston machine

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US (1) US4771677A (en)
EP (1) EP0189786B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61178568A (en)
DE (2) DE3503437C2 (en)

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JPH0733820B2 (en) * 1988-09-12 1995-04-12 川崎重工業株式会社 Swash plate type piston pump motor
DE4340061C2 (en) * 1993-11-24 1997-02-20 Linde Ag Swashplate type axial piston machine
IT1278540B1 (en) * 1995-12-20 1997-11-24 Faip S R L Off Mec HIGH PRESSURE WATER PUMP
US5979294A (en) * 1996-02-08 1999-11-09 Whitemoss, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling axial pump
DE19756277A1 (en) * 1997-12-18 1999-07-01 Peter Kleinedler Grinding wheel for axial piston machines
US6675697B1 (en) 1998-12-07 2004-01-13 Apis Energy Gmbh Inclined plate for axial piston motors
US6224062B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2001-05-01 Paul J. DeCanio Roller skate and skateboard bearing covers

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3503437C2 (en) 1987-01-22
JPS61178568A (en) 1986-08-11
DE3503437A1 (en) 1986-08-14
EP0189786A3 (en) 1987-09-16
DE3666061D1 (en) 1989-11-09
EP0189786A2 (en) 1986-08-06
US4771677A (en) 1988-09-20

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