EP0896108B1 - Verfahren zum Einbauen und Spannen eines freigespannten Zugglieds und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Einbauen und Spannen eines freigespannten Zugglieds und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0896108B1 EP0896108B1 EP98111670A EP98111670A EP0896108B1 EP 0896108 B1 EP0896108 B1 EP 0896108B1 EP 98111670 A EP98111670 A EP 98111670A EP 98111670 A EP98111670 A EP 98111670A EP 0896108 B1 EP0896108 B1 EP 0896108B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tensioning
- strand
- anchoring
- plate
- chair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
- E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49863—Assembling or joining with prestressing of part
- Y10T29/49874—Prestressing rod, filament or strand
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for installing and Tensioning a freely tensioned tension member, in particular one Cable-stayed cables for a cable-stayed bridge and one Device for performing the method.
- Tension members as they are used in the construction industry to anchor Components, especially as stay cables for Cable-stayed bridges used consist of one Bundle of individual elements, such as steel wires or strands.
- the individual elements are in the free area of the tension member arranged together in a tubular envelope; she become anchored longitudinally by the person concerned Components passed through and at their entry point anchored opposite side.
- the anchorages consist of anchor plates with holes, through which led the individual elements through and opposite which you e.g. anchored by means of multi-part ring wedges are.
- the tubular casing can be in the free area of the Tension member made of a plastic tube, e.g.
- PE polyethylene
- Anchoring area usually consists of an anchor tube from steel.
- the cavity between the individual elements and the tubular wrapping can if the individual elements themselves are protected against corrosion, remain unfilled or after clamping the individual elements with a Corrosion protection compound, e.g. Fat, or with a hardening Material, e.g. Cement mortar to be pressed out.
- a Corrosion protection compound e.g. Fat
- a hardening Material e.g. Cement mortar
- a device for slicing a Cladding encasing plastic with a knife with a Cutting edge holding device become known, which in a on the sheathed tendon rotatably arranged housing is arranged (EP 0 715 040 A1).
- This device can be placed on an already positioned, i.e. H. sheathed tendon inserted into an anchoring device be used that the cutting edge of the knife in the to attach a Anchoring wedge reaches certain conical hole and by turning the device creates an annular cut in the casing so that this after removing the device from the over the Anchoring device protruding end of the tendon deducted can be.
- the object of the invention to create a way to achieve this goal, the smallest possible distance from the end of the PE jacket the anchoring wedges when the tension member is in use, with the least possible effort and as large as possible To achieve security and tolerances, measurement errors or Exclude the like from the outset.
- the invention is defined by that in claim 1 Procedural features solved;
- the invention also relates to a device for performing the method according to Claim 7.
- the basic idea of the invention is the PE jacket to remove only in the course of the tensioning process, namely at the same time as tensioning the strand in question over the Length of the expansion path that occurs at the end of tensioning. This will cause the geometric uncertainties eliminated that can occur when the PE sheath already is removed before installing the strands.
- this is at the tensioning end of the strand, ie where the clamping press is used for clamping and the Dehnweg occurs, a peeling tool arranged on the PE sheath that attacks the strand.
- the peeling tool can simplest case would be a knife or the like with which the PE jacket is slit open during a break; the peeling tool is particularly advantageous from a stationary tool through which the jacket in the elongation of the strand that occurs as a result of tensioning peeled off, at least slit lengthways, so that it then has a simple cross section can be completely detached from the strand and removed.
- the invention makes partial use of the teaching DE 34 37 108 C2, the device and a method for mounting a generic tension member.
- a tensioning chair with one in front of the Armature plate lying and using a support structure supported against the component Intermediate anchor plate used.
- This plate points Bores for the passage and intermediate anchoring of the Individual elements, each on the armature plate facing side of the plate in a fastened to this Pipe piece continues, on each of which a ring wedge below resilient expansion can be pushed.
- the strands are successful pull in or push in through a ring wedge can without fear that the strands or their coating damaged by the teeth of the wedges or even the wedges prematurely in the conical bore pulled in and thus blocked the strands prematurely would.
- the invention can also be used to tension the strands such prestressing chair are used, in contrast the Peeling tools are supported.
- the cutting edge of the peeling tools must be as wide as possible reach up to the surface of the armature plate.
- the later anchoring wedge Having already available, it can be tubular Peeling tool to be put on when the Peeling process of the strand is finished, through the hole in the support plate of the prestressing chair is withdrawn. In order to there will be space to remove the anchoring wedge from the To be able to push the peeling tool down onto the strand.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show the two end anchorages of a stay cable one Cable-stayed bridge, namely anchoring to the - upper - Clamping side A at the top of a pylon and the anchoring on the - lower anchoring side B on the carriageway girder.
- the stay cable is separated by two strands 1a and 1b symbolizes that in practice part of a bundle of one any number of strands are.
- the strands 1a, 1b consist of high-strength Steel wires that are galvanized, greased and each with are surrounded by a PE jacket 2a, 2b.
- a tensioning chair 15 is then mounted on tensioning side A.
- the tensioning chair 15 consists of a spaced from the Armature plate 8 parallel to this lying chair plate 16, by supports 17 against the abutment plate 6 and so is supported against the building 4.
- the chair top 16 is, similar to the armature disk 8, with holes 18 provided, in the additional ring wedges 19 are used can.
- the strands are installed individually. This can be done using one of the known assembly methods take place, e.g. by shooting in or pulling in.
- the strand 1a is first on the Anchorage side B (Fig. 2) of the wedge 11 set, namely so that a free strand length 1 remains in front of the wedge. Then at the other end the preparations for the Peeled off the PE jacket.
- the clamping side A (Fig. 1) in Area of the tensioning chair 15 on the stripped area the strand 1a a tubular peeling knife 20 and the one intended for later anchoring of the strand Ring wedge 11 widening to the tubular paring knife 20 postponed. This is on a larger scale in FIG. 3 shown.
- Such a peeling knife 20 is shown in FIG. 6 in Tilt. It consists of a tube part 21 with at least one cutting edge 22 on the lower and side Approaches 23 at the top, with the help of it bayonet-like in relation to the chair plate 16 can be supported.
- the tensioning press 14 is placed on the tensioning chair 15 attached to tension the strand 1a.
- the clamping press 14 Appropriately on the tensioning chair 15 with the help of a small one second tensioning chair 24 supported. This offers the Possibility to use the temporary wedge 19 for a later one To be able to hold back the strand 1a.
- the strand 1a is connected to the PE jacket 2a through the surrounding peeling knife 20 and pulled through the bore 25 in the armature plate 8.
- Cutting edge 22 of the peeling knife 20 becomes the PE jacket 2a slit open up to the armature disk 8 and peeled off. A still necessary cross cut to complete The PE jacket 2a can then be removed become.
- the strand 1a is easily accessible, since that Cross-section of stranded wires seen from bottom to top is built up in layers.
- the peeling knife 20 is expedient trained that it the blow when pulling the strand following the stranded wires.
- the paring knife must for this purpose, however, under pressure to its Axis can be rotated; at least its lower edge must be having part opposite its upper, the support effecting part, be rotatable.
- the strand 1a can Clamping process can also be stripped by hand.
- the wedge 11 is then placed on a tube surrounding the strand 1a positioned that on the underside of the chair plate 16th is attached.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Tension Adjustment In Filamentary Materials (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen schematischen Längsschnitt der Verankerung A eines Schrägseils an der Spannseite, z.B. am oberen Ende eines Pylons,
- Fig. 2
- eine entsprechende Darstellung der Verankerung B an der gegenüberliegenden Verankerungsseite, z.B. am Fahrbahnträger,
- Fig. 3
- eine schematische Darstellung des Spann- und Abschälvorganges mit einem Spannstuhl,
- Fig. 4
- eine Draufsicht auf die Stuhlplatte entlang der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3,
- Fig. 5
- eine schematische Darstellung der Verankerung einer abgeschälten Litze durch Ablassen und
- Fig. 6
- eine schematische schrägbildliche Ansicht eines Schälwerkzeuges.
Claims (15)
- Verfahren zum Einbauen und Spannen eines freigespannten Zugglieds, insbesondere eines Schrägseils für eine Schrägseilbrücke, aus einem Bündel von PE-ummantelten Litzen aus Stahldrähten, die an den Enden jeweils mittels Keilen in einer gegenüber dem Bauwerk abgestützten Ankerscheibe verankert werden, wobei der PE-Mantel der Litzen im Bereich der Verankerung entfernt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der PE-Mantel (2a, 2b) jeder einzelnen Litze (1a, 1b) auf die Länge des beim Spannen am Spannende (A) auftretenden Dehnweges im Zuge des Spannvorganges entfernt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der PE-Mantel (2a, 2b) durch die beim Spannen der Litze (1a, 1b) am Spannende (A) auftretende Längsverschiebung entlang eines zumindest während des Spannvorganges ortsfest angeordneten Schälwerkzeugs (20) abgeschält wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Litze (1a, 1b) zunächst an einem ersten Ende (B) verankert, sodann am gegenüberliegenden zweiten Ende (A) gespannt wird, wobei der PE-Mantel (2a, 2b) bis zur Oberfläche der Ankerscheibe (8) entfernt wird, und dann unter Ablassen der Spannkraft auch an diesem Ende verankert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Litze (1a, 1b) um den bei der Verankerung am zweiten Ende (A) auftretenden Ablaßweg am ersten Ende (B) nachgespannt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der PE-Mantel der Litze am ersten Ende (B) bereits vor deren Einbau über eine solche Länge (1) entfernt wird, daß an diesem Ende ein späteres Nachspannen über die entsprechende Länge möglich ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Litze (1a, 1b) um den bei der Verankerung am zweiten Ende (A) auftretenden Ablaßweg am ersten Ende (B) überspannt wird.
- Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, wobei ein Schälwerkzeug mit einer an einem Ende mit mindestens einer Schneide versehenen, die jeweilige Litze über zumindest einen wesentlichen Teil ihres Umfangs umgebenden Hülse zwischen der Ankerscheibe und der Spannpresse ortsfest positionierbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Litze (1a, 1b) beim Spannvorgang durch die Hülse hindurchziehbar ist, wobei durch das Schälwerkzeug (20) der PE-Mantel (2a, 2b) der Litze (1a, 1b) auf die Länge des beim Spannen am Spannende (A) auftretenden Dehnweges im Zuge des Spannvorganges entfernbar ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schälwerkzeug (20) ein die Litze (1a, 1b) vollständig umgebendes Rohr (21) ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schälwerkzeug (20) an dem der Litze zugewandten Ende eine Schneide (22) aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest der am PE-Mantel der Litze angreifende Teil des Schälwerkzeugs gegenüber dem übrigen Teil drehbar ausgebildet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10 mit einem gegenüber dem Bauwerk (4) abgestützten Spannstuhl (15) mit einer im Abstand von der Ankerscheibe (8) angeordneten Stuhlplatte (16) zur Abstützung der Spannpresse (14) beim Spannvorgang, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schälwerkzeug (20) zwischen der Ankerplatte (8) und der Stuhlplatte (16) angeordnet und gegenüber der Stuhlplatte (16) abgestützt ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Länge des Schälwerkzeugs (20) auf die Höhe des Spannstuhls (15) derart abgestimmt ist, daß die Schneide (21) des Schälwerkzeugs (20) etwa in Höhe der Oberfläche der Ankerplatte (8) liegt.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stuhlplatte (16) mit Bohrungen (18) als Keilsitz versehen zur Zwischenverankerung der Litzen (1a, 1b) ausgebildet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schälwerkzeug (20) durch die Bohrungen (18) in der Stuhlplatte (16) einsetzbar und rückziehbar ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schälwerkzeug (20) nach Art eines Bajonettverschlusses mit der Stuhlplatte (16) verbindbar bzw. von dieser lösbar ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19733822 | 1997-08-05 | ||
DE19733822A DE19733822A1 (de) | 1997-08-05 | 1997-08-05 | Verfahren zum Einbauen und Spannen eines freigespannten Zugglieds und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0896108A2 EP0896108A2 (de) | 1999-02-10 |
EP0896108A3 EP0896108A3 (de) | 2000-09-27 |
EP0896108B1 true EP0896108B1 (de) | 2004-04-21 |
Family
ID=7838038
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98111670A Expired - Lifetime EP0896108B1 (de) | 1997-08-05 | 1998-06-25 | Verfahren zum Einbauen und Spannen eines freigespannten Zugglieds und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6055691A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0896108B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3890148B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE264962T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19733822A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2217458T3 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1016671A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2798408B1 (fr) * | 1999-09-15 | 2002-01-18 | Freyssinet Int Stup | Cable a fils paralleles pour structure d'ouvrage de construction, ancrage d'un tel cable, et procede d'ancrage |
DE10062227A1 (de) | 2000-12-13 | 2002-06-20 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | Verfahren zum Einbauen und Spannen eines freigespannten Zugglieds, insbesondere eines Schrägseils für eine Schrägseilbrücke sowie Verankerungsvorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens |
FR2818676B1 (fr) * | 2000-12-27 | 2003-03-07 | Freyssinet Int Stup | Procede de demontage d'un cable de precontrainte et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre |
JP2006526716A (ja) * | 2003-06-02 | 2006-11-24 | フレシネ | 平行ワイヤケーブルを固定する方法および建造物用の懸架機構 |
DE202004008621U1 (de) * | 2004-06-01 | 2005-10-06 | Dywidag-Systems International Gmbh | Ausbildung eines korrosionsgeschützten Zugglieds im Bereich seines Eintritts in ein Bauwerk, insbesondere eines Schrägseils am Pylon einer Schrägseilbrücke |
CN100419185C (zh) * | 2005-07-27 | 2008-09-17 | 同济大学 | 压电智能锚具装置 |
KR100949196B1 (ko) * | 2009-08-11 | 2010-03-23 | 김성희 | 강연선 재인장 장치 |
CN101793002B (zh) * | 2010-03-29 | 2012-01-25 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | 铁路钢桁梁斜拉桥整体复合式索梁锚固结构 |
CN101864725B (zh) * | 2010-07-16 | 2011-12-28 | 四川省交通运输厅公路规划勘察设计研究院 | Frp筋与钢绞线连接器及复合拉索 |
CN102003072B (zh) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-07-04 | 天津滨海盈信投资有限公司 | 一种钢绞线编束、穿束施工方法 |
CN101949218A (zh) * | 2010-10-08 | 2011-01-19 | 天津滨海盈信投资有限公司 | 一种钢绞线的编束方法 |
ES2572636T3 (es) | 2011-04-15 | 2016-06-01 | Soletanche Freyssinet | Método de protección del extremo de un cable multi-tendón |
RU2566882C2 (ru) | 2011-04-15 | 2015-10-27 | Солетанш Фрейсине | Крепежное устройство для многопрядного троса |
CN102704396A (zh) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 四川天元机械工程股份有限公司 | 一种悬索桥主缆锚固方法 |
CN103866691B (zh) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-09-09 | 中交一公局第一工程有限公司 | 一种大型缆索吊承重索群锚装置 |
CA3022477A1 (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2017-11-16 | Fdh Infrastructure Services, Llc | Rod de-tensioning device and methods of operating the same |
CN106284074B (zh) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-16 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | 一种多面承压抗拔组合传力主缆锚固结构及其施工方法 |
KR101943955B1 (ko) * | 2018-07-04 | 2019-01-31 | 세기하이테크건설 주식회사 | 강성피복 강연선을 이용한 텐던 시공공법 |
CN109137763B (zh) * | 2018-10-29 | 2023-12-01 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | 拉索切割装置及拉索拆除施工方法 |
CN109610310B (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2023-07-25 | 湖南大学 | 适用于悬臂状态的型钢-uhpc组合桥面结构及其施工方法 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US30342A (en) * | 1860-10-09 | Improved packing-press | ||
US1273713A (en) * | 1917-08-24 | 1918-07-23 | Solomon E Aaron | Pliers. |
US3597830A (en) * | 1968-11-29 | 1971-08-10 | Lawrence R Yegge | Method and apparatus for post tensioning and anchoring prestressing tendons |
US3755880A (en) * | 1969-09-26 | 1973-09-04 | J Simms | Tensioning devices |
CH527348A (de) * | 1970-05-25 | 1972-08-31 | Brandestini Antonio | Verfahren zum Spannen und Verankern der Drähte eines Spanndrahtbündels |
US4053974A (en) * | 1971-03-01 | 1977-10-18 | Conenco International Limited | Method of forming a concrete structure with a recess to receive an anchorage |
DE3038898C2 (de) * | 1980-10-15 | 1985-10-10 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München | Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Korrosionsschutzes bei Litzen aus hochfesten Stahldrähten |
DE3437108A1 (de) * | 1984-10-10 | 1986-04-10 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München | Vorrichtung zur verwendung bei der montage eines zuggliedes aus stahldraehten, -litzen oder dergleichen |
US4715106A (en) * | 1986-03-07 | 1987-12-29 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Method for belt splice preparation |
FR2656883B1 (fr) * | 1990-01-11 | 1992-08-28 | Freyssinet Int Stup | Perfectionnements aux ponts a haubans et plus particulierement a leurs haubans, pylones et tabliers. |
MX9504747A (es) * | 1994-12-02 | 1997-05-31 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | Dispositivo cortador de recubrimiento y metodo. |
US5632088A (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 1997-05-27 | Naso; Dan | Cable stripper device |
-
1997
- 1997-08-05 DE DE19733822A patent/DE19733822A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-06-25 ES ES98111670T patent/ES2217458T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-25 EP EP98111670A patent/EP0896108B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-25 AT AT98111670T patent/ATE264962T1/de active
- 1998-06-25 DE DE59811220T patent/DE59811220D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-30 US US09/124,885 patent/US6055691A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-03 JP JP21932098A patent/JP3890148B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-04-12 HK HK99101475A patent/HK1016671A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE264962T1 (de) | 2004-05-15 |
EP0896108A2 (de) | 1999-02-10 |
EP0896108A3 (de) | 2000-09-27 |
US6055691A (en) | 2000-05-02 |
ES2217458T3 (es) | 2004-11-01 |
JPH11117229A (ja) | 1999-04-27 |
HK1016671A1 (en) | 1999-11-05 |
JP3890148B2 (ja) | 2007-03-07 |
DE59811220D1 (de) | 2004-05-27 |
DE19733822A1 (de) | 1999-02-11 |
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