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EP0880118A2 - Détecteur optique de fumée - Google Patents

Détecteur optique de fumée Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0880118A2
EP0880118A2 EP98108717A EP98108717A EP0880118A2 EP 0880118 A2 EP0880118 A2 EP 0880118A2 EP 98108717 A EP98108717 A EP 98108717A EP 98108717 A EP98108717 A EP 98108717A EP 0880118 A2 EP0880118 A2 EP 0880118A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
beam path
receiver
smoke detector
transmitter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98108717A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0880118A3 (fr
EP0880118B1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Hochhauser
Stefan Günther
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0880118A2 publication Critical patent/EP0880118A2/fr
Publication of EP0880118A3 publication Critical patent/EP0880118A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0880118B1 publication Critical patent/EP0880118B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical smoke detector according to the backscatter principle according to the preamble of the claim 1.
  • Optical smoke detectors are preferably considered automatic Fire detectors used for the early detection of fires. Because of Their early warning features are among the many common types of automatic fire detectors are outstanding Meaning as they are best able to fire in to recognize their development phase. This allows fire fighting measures initiated early and effectively will.
  • optical smoke detectors With optical smoke detectors, the optical properties of particles and aerosols to identify the fire parameter Smoke used.
  • Smoke detectors the principle of Scattering of light from the particles in a measuring chamber and take advantage of aerosols are used as scattered light smoke detectors designated.
  • the angle is used for scattered-light smoke detectors between the direction of propagation of a light transmitter and the optical axis of a light receiver for type differentiation. If the angle is less than 90 °, it is a forward-scattering optical smoke detector. At a An angle that is greater than 90 ° is one backward scattering optical smoke detector.
  • the principle of Backward scattering results compared to the principle of forward scattering a smaller one, but in terms of the type and size of the Smoke particles more evenly scattered light. This attribute makes the backscattering optical smoke detector more practical.
  • Dew in the measuring chamber of the optical smoke detector triggers on both a forward scattering and one backward scattering optical smoke detector due to an increase in stray light a false alarm.
  • EP 0 418 410 describes how with an optical Measuring chamber of an optical smoke detector attached Humidity sensor measured the relative humidity and thus the scattered light measured value is compensated according to a calculation rule will ensure that no false alarm is triggered when condensation occurs becomes.
  • An optical smoke detector is known from DE 43 07 585, at with the help of an optical measuring method the surface of the Optics of the smoke detector for condensation and contamination is examined. Compensate the measurement values obtained the scattered light measurement so that condensation and / or contamination the optical smoke detector does not trigger a false alarm.
  • a radiation smoke detector is known in the radiation from a radiation source an optical fiber is supplied and the signal to be measured via another light guide to a radiation receiver is passed, the two optical fibers in the beam path focusing elements and apertures are available.
  • Further apertures serving as light sump lie outside the Radiation cone and therefore do not lead to an increase in Scattered radiation in the best case.
  • the sensitivity is a disadvantage on contamination of the lenses, because of the then changed the optical conditions, the further apertures in the Radiation cones are and therefore undesirably Contribute to scattered radiation. This problem is not recognized there.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an optical smoke detector the good responsiveness of a backscatter principle working smoke detector to develop, if possible small design an improved immunity of the optics, especially against pollution and condensation, without to use a compensation method.
  • the object is achieved by an optical smoke detector with the characterizing features of the claim 1 solved.
  • those belonging to the light transmitter and the light receiver become Beam paths through in front of the light transmitter and the light receiver arranged panels so limited that the Only intersect the beam paths in one area of the measuring chamber, in which there are no edges or surfaces on which condensation or dirt build up can.
  • This condition also occurs when the lenses are dirty maintain.
  • This additional reflection turns the resulting Interference signal weakened so that in the evaluation of Useful signal due to scattering in an area of overlap of the smoke particles that stop the beam paths can be and so no alarm is triggered.
  • the optical Measuring chamber surrounded by a labyrinth made up of scattering bodies with an L-shaped cross section is arranged so that on rays of light hitting the maze are reflected in this maze and reflected back only weakly into the measuring chamber will.
  • the figure shows a schematic cross section of the optical Smoke detector in top view.
  • a light transmitter 2 for example an infrared emitting light-emitting diode
  • a light receiver 3 for example an infrared-sensitive photo detector, so attached to the edge of the measuring chamber 1 that their optical Cut axes at a backscatter angle 4 that is greater than Is 90 °.
  • Apertures 5 are arranged around an assigned to the light receiver 3 Restrict the receiver beam path 6.
  • the light transmitter 2 screens 7 arranged around one of the light transmitter Restrict 2 assigned transmitter beam path 8.
  • the receiver beam path 6 is also a converging lens 9 mounted in a bracket 10, the bracket 10 together with the panels 5 of the light receiver 3 from one Piece, for example made of plastic.
  • the transmitter beam path 8 and the receiver beam path 6 overlap both in the unpolluted as well as in the dirty case only in an overlap area 11 inside the measuring chamber 1, in which none additional edges and surfaces can be found on which dirt or moisture can precipitate.
  • a smoke particle 12 is generated in this overlap area 11 by the backscattered on it and in the light receiver 3 detected light a useful signal. Dirt or moisture can only be reflected in the measuring chamber 1 that light backscattered thereon at least one further reflection must experience on a surface of the measuring chamber 1 in which this light is weakened to be detected in the light receiver 3 to become.
  • the interference signal generated by this is opposite the useful signal weakened due to the additional reflection, so that already through the arrangement according to the invention a large useful / interference signal distance is ensured.
  • the light transmitter 2 and the light receiver 3 are connected to a control unit 15 connected, which controls both the light transmitter 2 reads the data from the light receiver 3, evaluates and possibly an alarm message to a not represented center transmitted.
  • the measuring chamber 1 is in the form of an opening to the outside known smoke guide star 16 equipped for this ensure that the optical smoke alarm for smoke from everyone Directions is equally sensitive.
  • This design makes an optical smoke detector with good Response behavior based on the backscatter principle been made insensitive to precipitation from pollution or moisture is designed.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
EP98108717A 1997-05-20 1998-05-13 Détecteur optique de fumée Expired - Lifetime EP0880118B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19721065 1997-05-20
DE19721065 1997-05-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0880118A2 true EP0880118A2 (fr) 1998-11-25
EP0880118A3 EP0880118A3 (fr) 2000-01-05
EP0880118B1 EP0880118B1 (fr) 2003-08-13

Family

ID=7829979

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98108717A Expired - Lifetime EP0880118B1 (fr) 1997-05-20 1998-05-13 Détecteur optique de fumée

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0880118B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE247316T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59809254D1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002039802A2 (fr) * 2000-11-10 2002-05-16 Unitive Electronics, Inc. Methodes de positionnement de composants au moyen d'elements d'entrainement a liquides et structures correspondantes
WO2004001693A1 (fr) * 2002-06-20 2003-12-31 Siemens Building Technologies Ag Detecteur de fumee a diffusion
EP1881319A1 (fr) * 2006-07-20 2008-01-23 SICK Engineering GmbH Procédé et dispositif destinés à mesurer la diffusion de la lumière
CN111540158A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-14 深圳市泛海三江电子股份有限公司 一种带有凝露识别功能的烟感报警器及使用方法
CN111540159A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-14 深圳市泛海三江电子股份有限公司 一种可定向排除凝露干扰的烟雾报警器及使用方法
CN111564019A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-21 深圳市泛海三江电子股份有限公司 一种抗凝露干扰的感烟火灾探测器及使用方法
CN117054304A (zh) * 2023-08-28 2023-11-14 浙江天赛计量检测股份有限公司 一种烟尘采样器的检测设备

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0105199A1 (fr) * 1982-09-08 1984-04-11 Heimann GmbH Détecteur de fumée à rayons dispersés
EP0213878A2 (fr) * 1985-08-24 1987-03-11 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Détecteur de fumée du type à dispersion de lumière
GB2281619A (en) * 1993-09-07 1995-03-08 Hochiki Co Light scattering type smoke sensor
EP0660283A1 (fr) * 1993-12-22 1995-06-28 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Détecteur de fumée par lumière dispersée et unité pour le réglage de sa sensibilité

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0105199A1 (fr) * 1982-09-08 1984-04-11 Heimann GmbH Détecteur de fumée à rayons dispersés
EP0213878A2 (fr) * 1985-08-24 1987-03-11 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Détecteur de fumée du type à dispersion de lumière
GB2281619A (en) * 1993-09-07 1995-03-08 Hochiki Co Light scattering type smoke sensor
EP0660283A1 (fr) * 1993-12-22 1995-06-28 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Détecteur de fumée par lumière dispersée et unité pour le réglage de sa sensibilité

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002039802A2 (fr) * 2000-11-10 2002-05-16 Unitive Electronics, Inc. Methodes de positionnement de composants au moyen d'elements d'entrainement a liquides et structures correspondantes
WO2002039802A3 (fr) * 2000-11-10 2003-04-03 Unitive Electronics Inc Methodes de positionnement de composants au moyen d'elements d'entrainement a liquides et structures correspondantes
US7032806B2 (en) 2000-11-10 2006-04-25 Unitive Electronics, Inc. Methods of positioning components using liquid prime movers and related structures
WO2004001693A1 (fr) * 2002-06-20 2003-12-31 Siemens Building Technologies Ag Detecteur de fumee a diffusion
EP1376504A1 (fr) * 2002-06-20 2004-01-02 Siemens Building Technologies AG Capteur de fumée par diffusion de lumière
US7365846B2 (en) 2002-06-20 2008-04-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Scattered light smoke detector
CN1662942B (zh) * 2002-06-20 2010-05-12 西门子公司 散射光报警器
EP1881319A1 (fr) * 2006-07-20 2008-01-23 SICK Engineering GmbH Procédé et dispositif destinés à mesurer la diffusion de la lumière
CN111540158A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-14 深圳市泛海三江电子股份有限公司 一种带有凝露识别功能的烟感报警器及使用方法
CN111540159A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-14 深圳市泛海三江电子股份有限公司 一种可定向排除凝露干扰的烟雾报警器及使用方法
CN111564019A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-21 深圳市泛海三江电子股份有限公司 一种抗凝露干扰的感烟火灾探测器及使用方法
CN111540159B (zh) * 2020-05-27 2023-07-25 深圳市高新投三江电子股份有限公司 一种可定向排除凝露干扰的烟雾报警器及使用方法
CN111540158B (zh) * 2020-05-27 2023-08-15 深圳市高新投三江电子股份有限公司 一种带有凝露识别功能的烟感报警器及使用方法
CN111564019B (zh) * 2020-05-27 2023-09-12 深圳市高新投三江电子股份有限公司 一种抗凝露干扰的感烟火灾探测器及使用方法
CN117054304A (zh) * 2023-08-28 2023-11-14 浙江天赛计量检测股份有限公司 一种烟尘采样器的检测设备
CN117054304B (zh) * 2023-08-28 2024-05-24 浙江天赛计量检测股份有限公司 一种烟尘采样器的检测设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0880118A3 (fr) 2000-01-05
ATE247316T1 (de) 2003-08-15
DE59809254D1 (de) 2003-09-18
EP0880118B1 (fr) 2003-08-13

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