EP0725033B1 - Temporary securing of a working space - Google Patents

Abstract

The hoist shaft (2) is accessible via a door (17). A set-down mechanism (28) has at least one swivelling buffer (8) which automatically moves from a pulled-back position into a securing position defining the access to the cabin (1). The buffer is preferably automatically tilted by gravity into the securing position, and retracted by an actuator (12) into the pulled-back position. The securing position is signalled by a safety switch (13) operated by the actuator which is de-activated when the shaft door is opened when the cabin is absent.

Description

The invention relates to a device for protecting Persons from the danger of being crushed by the Penetration of a transport device in the one or several people temporarily occupied work space. Workrooms of this type are, for example, shaft pits and Shaft heads in elevator shafts. Their temporary occupation by persons is due to the periodic, correct maintenance and Control work on the existing ones in these rooms technical facilities. Relevant regulations, e.g. the EN81, to protect themselves there temporarily people stopping that these rooms are appropriate Dimensions should have, taking into account the full travel distance to the end positions of the transport device sufficient safety height for the person working in it Guarantee staff. But that is not always the case possible, especially when retrofitting elevator systems in existing buildings.

One such is from the DGM 75 18 439.3 of November 20, 1955 Establishment known to have at least one over the whole Road length adjustable stop, also road limiters called, has. The lane limiter is as Stop plate formed with a fastening hook, the is hung there in elongated holes on the guide rails, where the journey of a transport device to protect People must be limited.

The effectiveness of this facility requires that the Personnel of whose existence is informed that the Stop plates are available at all times and that they too for a brief presence in the danger zone and in Not enough time, is actually put into operation. Therefore reliable personal protection cannot be guaranteed become.

The patent specification CH 667 638 describes one in the A protective device in the form of a shaft pit pivotable mounting device, in which at Opening the bottom shaft door when one is not present Cabin automatically a stop support in the clearance profile the transport device swivels. This is the Shaft pit area against the intrusion of the Transport device secured and the requested Personal protection in principle. After leaving the Manually, the mounting device is placed in the shaft pit Starting position brought.

Facilities of this type consist of mechanical and electrical components throughout Operating time of a transport device its full Must maintain functionality. This Functionality must therefore be checked periodically to ensure that the To guarantee protection. Manual reset there is a certain danger from the inside of the shaft Included when closing the shaft door through a second person from outside and also means one considerable loss of comfort during use.

It is therefore the object of the present invention, a Protective device of the type described above create their function a safe protection for you Fitter guaranteed, even if he is careless or incorrect operation caused by negligence, the any inoperability is noticed immediately and the is comfortable to use.

This task is carried out as described below Invention solved which those listed in the claims Features.

The advantages achieved with this invention are essential in that through an ongoing Functional control the functional safety of the facility is guaranteed, or that an occurring error immediately is noticed and that the setup is fully automatic both possible positions.

Further advantages can be seen in the fact that at the same time Compliance with the regulations for personal protection substantial Construction costs can be saved by the reduced depth and height of a shaft additional space for share other purposes.

Fig. 1 die Aufsetzeinrichtung im passiven Zustand,

Fig. 2 die Aufsetzeinrichtung im aktiven Zustand,

Fig. 3 eine Schachttürfront,

Fig. 4 die Entriegelungs- und Auslöseeinrichtung, nicht betätigt,

Fig. 5 die Entriegelungs- und Auslöseeinrichtung, betätigt,

Fig. 6 die Entriegelungs- und Auslöseeinrichtung, nach der Betätigung

Fig. 7 die Disposition der Entriegelungs- und Auslöseeinrichtung an einer Schachttürfront,

Fig. 8 eine Frontansicht der geschützten Entriegelungs- und Auslöseeinrichtung,

Fig. 9 die geschützte Entriegelungs- und Auslöseeinrichtung, nicht betätigt,

Fig.10 die geschützte Entriegelungs- und Auslöseeinrichtung, betätigt und.

Fig.11 eine vereinfachte Ausführungsform der Aufsetzvorrichtung.

In the drawings, an embodiment of the invention is shown and show it

1 the attachment device in the passive state,

2 the attachment device in the active state,

3 shows a shaft door front,

4 the unlocking and triggering device, not actuated,

5 the unlocking and triggering device, actuated,

Fig. 6, the unlocking and triggering device after actuation

7 the disposition of the unlocking and triggering device on a shaft door front,

8 is a front view of the protected unlocking and triggering device,

9 the protected unlocking and triggering device, not actuated,

Fig.10 the protected unlocking and triggering device, operated and.

11 shows a simplified embodiment of the placement device.

1 shows a cabin 1 in a shaft 2 shown, which on roller guides 4 Guide rails 5 moves in the up and down direction. At 27 is the lowest cabin position indicated, which is the cabin occupies when it goes to the lowest floor level 16. In a shaft pit 3 is an automatic attachment device 28 installed. A is located on a buffer base 14 low-friction pivot bearing 11, on which a pivot buffer 8 is arranged vertically. The low-friction pivot bearing 11 can be designed as a knife bearing, as in the mechanical weighing technology is used. The upper Completion of the swivel buffer 8 is in the form of a laterally projecting buffer plate 9, which as a support for an impact edge 6 on the cabin 1 is used. The foot of the Swivel buffer 8 is designed as a buffer lever 10, the after left ends in a joint 29 and its right horizontal Continuation as an actuating finger 30 for two redundant ones Safety switch 13 is shaped. One on the buffer socket 14 attached actuator 12 is on its plunger 31 with the Joint 29 of the buffer lever 10 connected. A thickening of the Diameter of the swivel buffer 8 is about half the height as switching edge 32 for a position switch 15 educated.

In the drawn state, the swivel buffer 8 is in the Actuator 12 shown repelled starting position and the buffer plate 9 is outside one Line of movement 7. In this position of the swivel buffer 8 can the cabin 1 without hindrance to the bottom floor 16 drive. So that the swivel buffer remains in this position, the actuator 12 must be extended in order to have a continuous To exert thrust on the joint 29 and so the To keep swivel buffer 8 in the swiveled back position.

In Figure 2, the actuator 12 is not activated and the Swivel buffer 8 is, thanks to the asymmetrical Mass distribution over the pivot bearing 11, through your own Gravity tilted into the position shown. Thereby are the safety switches 13 by means of the actuating finger 30 has been flipped, which is not shown Elevator control is registered and evaluated accordingly becomes.

3 shows the usual picture of a shaft door front with a shaft door 17 and one, for example in one Fighter 19 arranged as a triangular pin 18 Lock actuator, which by means of the known Triangular key for unlocking the shaft door 17 is used.

In the inventive device with the Triangular bolts not only mechanical unlocking the Shaft door made, but it is, as in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 shows a so-called memory circuit operated. This memory circuit consists of one Latch switch 21 and one, this in the starting position return element 20.

The memory circuit is activated via a, on Triangular pin 18 shaped switching curve 22. If the For example, triangular bolts are rotated by 90 ° Latch switch 21 brought into the latch position according to Fig.5 and remains in this position after releasing the Triangular bolt 18, which then, as is common practice, by Spring force turns back to the position shown in Fig. 6. For one Resetting the latching switch is an activation of the Reset element 20 required. The reset element 20 can for example be designed as an electromagnet.

7 and 8 is the front view of the two-stage Arrangement of an unlocking and triggering device 26 shown.

The mechanics and function of this two-stage unlocking and Tripping device can be seen from FIGS. 9 and 10. With a first triangular pin 18 when it is actuated a pawl 33 over a nose 34 of a shift slide curve 24 raised. In the raised state of the pawl 33 can then Slider 23 are manually pushed to the right, with what second lock actuating element, or a triangular pin 25 is made accessible and at the same time the latching switch 21st is brought into memory. The final The shaft door is only unlocked by the Actuation of the second triangular pin 25. The reset the latching switch 21 is carried out in the same way as already previously described. The slide 23 is after that Actuation preferably by a spring, not shown withdrawn to its original position. The detent switch 21 then remains in the actuated position and must, as already described, with the reset element 20 be neutralized again.

11 shows a simplified version of the Attachment device. In this version, instead of Pivoting buffer 8 uses a rigid pivoting lever 48, which in the same way as the swivel buffer 8 from Actuator 12 is actuated via the plunger 31. The Swivel lever 48 is mounted in the swivel bearing 11 and the left End of the foot part of the pivot lever 48 actuated in swung out the safety switch 13, too again in the same way as the actuating finger 30 of the Swivel buffer 8. The swivel lever 48, or its Swivel bearing 11 is on the top of an example frame 46 welded together from steel plates. The actuator 12 is on an inner wall of the frame 46 attached and the frame 46 itself is over a Fastening fitting 47 in this way with a guide rail connected that it held in both horizontal axes is, however, in the event of a collision with a cabin the pivot lever 48 after a certain vertical braking distance can do below. The frame 46 is that this is possible placed on a normal shaft buffer 45. The Manhole buffer 45 can, depending on the mass and speed of the Cabin, an energy storage or energy be consuming type. A is shown as an example Energy-storing type with a dampening effect.

The device according to the invention works as follows: In order to be able to get into the pit 3, the cabin 1 sent to a higher floor. The bottom one Landing door 17 can be unlocked and Tripping device 18, 25, 26 and the standardized The triangular key can be unlocked and opened. The Triangular bolt 18 or 25 is depending on the version Memory circuit openly accessible or with a Screw cover or covered with a slider 23. The Actuation of the triangular pin 18 and in the execution 7-10 of the second triangular pin 25 after pushing back the slider 23 sets the Latch switch 21 in the locked position, whereby the Safety circuit of the elevator control is interrupted. Now the shaft door 17 can be opened manually and in the Open position can be locked. After the cabin 1 at Steering away from the lowest floor is or preferably the two are opposite arranged swivel buffer 8 by switching off the Actuator 12 automatically within the line of motion 7 and thus tilted into the range of motion of the cabin 1. After this Entry into shaft pit 3 will be there additionally existing control switch actuated so that a multiple interruption of the Safety circuit is present. The maintenance and Control work can now be carried out safely.

After completion of the work in the pit 3 takes place in reverse order of reactivation of the Control switch in the pit 3, as well as that Closing and locking the landing door 17. The elevator is but still not operational because of the Latch switch of the memory circuit still the Safety circuit interrupts. It still has to do that Reset element 20 are activated, what with a Key contact in the machine room on the elevator control by a competent person. Only now is that The elevator is fully operational again.

The one mentioned in the task and the advantages This ensures continuous control of functional safety achieved that the swivel buffer 8, with the exception of one trip to the bottom floor, by switching off the actuator 12 after a journey and by switching on the actuator a trip by means of the safety switch 13 and Evaluation of their respective positions the correct Working the swivel buffer 8 checked during a trip can be. This function test can be carried out on every trip take place or the local conditions accordingly, at programmed intervals, for example daily or weekly, or according to predetermined Number of trips. On the one hand, this causes a malfunction immediately noticed and on the other hand it is prevented that after prolonged non-use of the device stuck the Attachment device can occur in the vertical position.

• Bei Aufzügen mit kleinen Fahrtenzahlen wird der Aktuator 12 nach jeder Fahrt des Aufzuges von der Energiezufuhr getrennt, wodurch der Schwenkpuffer 8, mit Ausnahme bei Kabinenposition im untersten Stockwerk 16, jedesmal in die Aufsetzstellung kippt und die Sicherheitsschalter 13 betätigt werden. Die rückgemeldete Stellung wird in der Aufzugssteuerung zusammen mit weiteren Sicherheitssignalen UND-verknüpft und ermöglicht, bei korrekter Funktion der Aufsetzvorrichtung, die Freigabe einer weiteren Fahrt des Aufzuges. Ein fehlendes Rückmeldesignal der Sicherheitsschalter 13 lässt auf einen Defekt an der Aufsetzvorrichtung schliessen, was die Blockierung des Aufzuges zur Folge hat und den Wartungsdienst auf den Plan ruft.
• Bei Gebäuden mit viel Personenverkehr werden von einem Aufzug auch entsprechend grosse Fahrtenzahlen erreicht. Das ergibt, nach dem vorgehend beschriebenen Funktionsmuster, auch eine entsprechend grosse Anzahl Stellungswechsel der Aufsetzeinrichtung, was für die Einrichtung den vorzeitigen Verschleiss bedeuten kann. Für diesen Fall wird das Loslassen des Schwenkpuffers 8 beispielsweise einmal täglich oder einmal wöchentlich zu Kontrollzwecken vollzogen, was durch entsprechende Steuerprogramme realisiert wird. Soll bei zurückgezogenem Schwenkpuffer 8 die Schachtgrube 3 betreten werden, wird der Aktuator 12 durch die Betätigung des Dreikantbolzens 18, 25 von der Energiezufuhr getrennt und der Schwenkpuffer 8 kippt in die Aufsetzstellung.
• Bei grösseren Kontrollintervallen wird dem Aktuator 12 auch entsprechend lang Energie zugeführt zum Zurückhalten des Schwenkpuffers 8, was grössere Erwärmung oder grössere Dimension des Aktuators 12, sowie grösseren Energieverbrauch zur Folge hat. Um dies zu vermeiden und trotzdem vom Vorteil eines grösseren Kontrollintervalls zu profitieren, wird der Schwenkpuffer 8 nur vor dem Einfahren in die unterste Haltestelle 16 zurückgezogen und nach dem Anhalten der Kabine 1 wieder losgelassen. Der nun an der Kabinenwand anliegende Schwenkpuffer 8 kippt dann beim Wegfahren der Kabine 1 automatisch wieder in die Aufsetzstellung. Eine einfache Gleitfläche an der Kabinenseitenwand verhindert ein Einhaken des Schwenkpuffers 8 in der Kabinenstruktur. Mit dieser Betriebsweise ergibt sich sowohl eine kurze Einschaltdauer des Aktuators und kleinere Baugrösse, wie auch eine kleinere Anzahl Stellungswechsel der Aufsetzeinrichtung und somit weniger Verschleiss.

Should it happen that the cabin lowers for some reason when the safety circuit is switched off twice, then the cabin 1 with its stop edges 6 will sit on the buffer plate 9, press in the swivel buffer 8 somewhat and be stopped. Pressing in the swivel buffer 8, however, causes the position switch 15 to be actuated, which is correspondingly evaluated or stored in the elevator control.
The following variants of operating procedures can be carried out for monitoring and operating the mounting device:

• In the case of elevators with small numbers of trips, the actuator 12 is disconnected from the energy supply after each trip of the elevator, as a result of which the pivoting buffer 8, with the exception of the cabin position on the bottom floor 16, tilts into the mounting position and the safety switches 13 are actuated. The reported position is AND-linked in the elevator control system together with further safety signals and, if the placement device functions correctly, enables the elevator to be released for another trip. A missing feedback signal from the safety switch 13 suggests a defect in the mounting device, which results in the elevator being blocked and calls the maintenance service onto the scene.
• In buildings with a lot of passenger traffic, a correspondingly large number of trips can be achieved by an elevator. According to the functional model described above, this also results in a correspondingly large number of changes in position of the attachment device, which can mean premature wear for the device. In this case, the swiveling buffer 8 is released, for example, once a day or once a week for control purposes, which is implemented by corresponding control programs. If the shaft pit 3 is to be entered when the swivel buffer 8 is withdrawn, the actuator 12 is disconnected from the energy supply by the actuation of the triangular bolt 18, 25 and the swivel buffer 8 tilts into the mounting position.
• In the case of larger control intervals, the actuator 12 is also supplied with energy for a correspondingly long time in order to retain the swivel buffer 8, which results in greater heating or a larger dimension of the actuator 12 and in greater energy consumption. In order to avoid this and still benefit from the advantage of a larger control interval, the swivel buffer 8 is only retracted before entering the bottom stop 16 and released after the cabin 1 has stopped. The pivoting buffer 8 now resting on the cabin wall then automatically tilts back into the mounting position when the cabin 1 moves away. A simple sliding surface on the cabin side wall prevents hooking of the swivel buffer 8 in the cabin structure. This operating mode results in a short duty cycle of the actuator and a smaller size, as well as a smaller number of position changes of the attachment device and thus less wear.

• Anordnung der Schwenkpuffer 8 unter dem Gegengewicht, systemgleich wie Fig.1
• Anordnung der Schwenkpuffer 8 unter der Schachtdecke. Die Schwenkpuffer 8, bzw. deren Puffersockel 14 werden dann an der Schachtdecke befestigt und die Masseverteilung des Schwenkpuffers 8 wird so disponiert, dass wiederum nur mittels eigener Schwerkraft ein Einschwenken in den Fahrbereich der Kabine 1 erfolgt. Alle übrigen Funktionen und Operationen sind genau gleich wie vorgängig beschrieben. Bei der Anwendung für die Sicherung des Schutzraumes über der Kabine sind alle Schachttüren, mit Ausnahme der untersten, mit einer Entriegelungs- und Auslöseeinrichtung nach Fig.7 bis Fig.10 ausgerüstet.

The device, which is basically the same, can also be used with a limited shaft head height. Two versions are possible:

• Arrangement of the swivel buffer 8 under the counterweight, same system as Fig.1
• Arrangement of the swivel buffer 8 under the shaft ceiling. The pivoting buffers 8, or their buffer bases 14, are then attached to the shaft ceiling and the mass distribution of the pivoting buffer 8 is arranged such that, in turn, pivoting into the driving area of the cabin 1 takes place only by means of gravity. All other functions and operations are exactly the same as described above. When used to secure the shelter above the cabin, all shaft doors, with the exception of the bottom one, are equipped with an unlocking and release device according to Fig. 7 to Fig. 10.

The device according to the invention can in principle for any funding facilities are used, which at Maintenance rooms limited in depth or height at the end points endangered.

Parts list (temporary workspace security)

1

cabin

2nd

Shaft

3rd

Pit

4th

Leadership roles

5

Guide rails

6

Impact edge

7

Line of motion

8th

Swivel buffers

9

Buffer plate

10th

Buffer lever

11

Swivel bearing

12th

Actuator

13

Safety switch

14

Buffer socket

15

Position switch

16

Lowest floor

17th

Landing door

18th

Triangular bolts

19th

Door fighter

20th

Reset element

21

Detent switch

22

Switching curve

23

Slider

24th

Shift slide curve

25th

Second triangular bolt

26

Unlocking u. Release device

27

Lowest cabin position

28

Attachment device

29

joint

30th

Operating fingers

31

Pestle

32

Switching edge

33

Release jack

34

nose

45

Manhole buffer

46

frame

47

Mounting fitting

48

Swivel lever

Claims (8)

1. Equipment for the protection of persons against the danger of being crushed by the ingress of a transport equipment into the working space within a lift shaft (2), which space is accessible through a shaft door (17) and temporarily occupied by one or more persons and which equipment comprises setting-down equipment (28) with at least one swivel buffer (8), which is transferable automatically from a retracted setting into a safety setting which limits the travel path of the cage (1), and which equipment has an unlatching and release mechanism (26), characterised in that the swivel buffer (8) can be tilted automatically into the safety setting, preferably by gravity, and fetched into the retracted setting by an actuator (12), that the safety setting of the swivel buffer (8) is signalled by a safety switch (13) actuated by the actuator (12) and that the actuator (12) is deactivated at least when the shaft door (17) is opened in the absence of the cage, for which a memory circuit is activated.
2. Equipment for the protection of persons according to claim 1, characterised in that the memory circuit comprises a latching switch (21), which is provided with a safety loop contact, and a resetting element (20) to be activated by a key switch.
3. Equipment for the protection of persons according to claim 1, characterised in that apart from the case of the setting-down equipment (28) for the protection of persons, a periodic functional test of the swivel buffer (8) and the actuator (12) takes place, for which a stopping of the lift takes place in the case of a faulty function signalled by safety switches (13).
4. Equipment for the protection of persons according to claim 1, characterised in that the key switch activating the resetting element (20) is arranged outside the shaft (2), preferably in the machine room.
5. Equipment for the protection of persons according to claim 1, characterised in that the unlatching and release equipment (26) comprise a first lock-actuating element (18) with a pawl (33), which engages by way of a lug (34) of a switching slide cam (24) actuating the latching switch (21), and a second lock-actuating element (25), which is firmly connected with the switching slide cam (24), for the slide (23) releasing the shaft door latching.
6. Equipment for the protection of persons according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lock-actuating element comprises a switching cam (22).
7. Equipment for the protection of persons according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the switching slide cam (24) is connected with a retraction spring.
8. Equipment for the protection of persons according to claim 1, characterised in that instead of the swivel buffer (8) a rigid pivot lever (48) is present and that this setting-down device bears on the shaft buffer (45) placed in the shaft pit (3).

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