EP0689958B1 - Festlegevorrichtung zum Verriegeln von Ladebehältern - Google Patents
Festlegevorrichtung zum Verriegeln von Ladebehältern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0689958B1 EP0689958B1 EP95108554A EP95108554A EP0689958B1 EP 0689958 B1 EP0689958 B1 EP 0689958B1 EP 95108554 A EP95108554 A EP 95108554A EP 95108554 A EP95108554 A EP 95108554A EP 0689958 B1 EP0689958 B1 EP 0689958B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- head
- shank
- spring
- securing means
- means according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/0006—Coupling devices between containers, e.g. ISO-containers
- B65D90/0013—Twist lock
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P7/00—Securing or covering of load on vehicles
- B60P7/06—Securing of load
- B60P7/13—Securing freight containers or forwarding containers on vehicles
- B60P7/132—Securing freight containers or forwarding containers on vehicles twist-locks for containers or frames
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fixing device for locking loading containers, these are e.g. B. ISO containers, swap bodies or superstructures and the like.
- a fixing device of this type has also already been described (DE 24 15 165 C2) which is provided a drive for rotating the bolt head.
- Multiple interlocks can so that they can be operated simultaneously via a central control.
- Remote control an increased construction and maintenance effort (control and pressure lines as well their connections from vehicle to vehicle) and thus increased costs.
- the undercut surfaces of the last-mentioned rotatable locking heads run vertically to their axes of rotation, i.e. parallel to the loading area of the transport vehicle.
- DE 30 23 514 A1 describes locking pins for fixing containers which can be lowered in a straight line against spring force from their normal extended position, but are non-rotatably guided.
- These locking pins are also slightly undercut, as seen along the direction of travel of the transport vehicle, in order to prevent the loading container from tipping over when lateral forces occur. So that the corner fittings do not get caught when removing the loading container, these undercuts are provided with chamfers at a maximum depth of 8 mm. Nevertheless - and also because these rigid undercuts are subject to heavy wear and tear, the increasingly tall and - unloaded - lighter-weight loading containers have been tipped off the transport vehicle, especially in strong cross winds. Empty loading containers must therefore be additionally secured with ropes on certain rail transport routes. Another serious disadvantage of these known latches is that they have to be fastened to the vehicle undercarriage with high positional accuracy so that the fixed undercuts can have their effect.
- the invention has for its object the height of a fixing device of the beginning to keep the mentioned type as low as possible.
- the head of the locking pin forms a snap lock, which is used when putting on and taking off of an abutment or corner fitting automatically against the force of one in a free space of the shaft arranged spring is temporarily rotatable into a release position. At the The load weight is sufficient to put this temporary twist on force.
- angles of these chamfers on the lower edges are to be designed so that the weight of the transport vehicle when vertically lifting an attached loading container Taking into account the dry friction as a counterforce is sufficient, the heads of four control pins - temporarily twisted at the four corners of the loading container at the same time.
- the load premise is an empty and therefore light loading container (ISO container) at 50 kN side wind pressure, attacking half the height of the container, through the combination of overlap and bevels can be held.
- ISO container light loading container
- a significant advantage of this bolt construction is that you can in the vehicle manufacturing Tolerances for the bolt position and spacing, in the transverse direction of the loading container seen, dimensioned more generously than for fixed, undercut locking pins and thus the manufacturing costs can lower.
- the fixing devices according to the invention in themselves can also be used be known to be folded away by being attached to pivotable locking plates will. In the working position, these are also known in the manner of guide slopes automatically on the edge z. B. provided under one in the base of the transport vehicle Guide board led. In contrast to the prior art, however, there is no solvable one here Coupling between the head and a rotary actuator is necessary because of the resetting Spring is also pivoted in the locking plate.
- a locking pin 1 which consists essentially of a shaft 2 and a rotatable head 3 with a prismatic or conical top, is fastened to a locking plate 4 in a manner known per se.
- This in turn is mounted on a base frame, not shown, of a transport vehicle so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis 4S.
- the locking pin 1 can thus be transferred from its working position, in which it projects upwards from the loading area of the transport vehicle, into a folded-away rest position.
- the head 3 is indicated by the dot-dash line rotated by 30 ° in order to show that it has the same outline as the shaft 2 and that larger undercuts are only provided transversely to the vehicle longitudinal direction.
- the fixed shaft 2 is hollow and the head 3 is rotatably guided therein with a cylindrical journal 3A.
- the head 3 is normally rotated relative to the shaft 2, ie its basic position is the locking position.
- a flexible spring plate 5 This is one hand fixed in the shaft 2 or in relation to the locking plate 4 by approximately along one diamond-shaped chamber 6 extends. It can be on both sides in the acute-angled corners of the Support chamber 6 through which the axle journal 3A of the head is passed through in the middle.
- the spring plate 5 is fixed relative to the head 3 by being slit-shaped Hole in the axle journal 3A penetrates.
- the head 3 is prevented from being pulled out of the shaft 2 by an end thread of the axle 3A screwed screw nut 9 secured together with a washer 10.
- the disc 10 is supported on the edge in the underside of the locking plate 4 and can secured against rotation relative to the axle journal 3A in order to prevent accidental loosening to prevent the mother 9. Of course, they will also be saved directly.
- the spring plate 5 is simply through Recess of the axle journal 3A inserted, the head 3 with the axle journal 3A ahead of inserted into the shaft 2 at the top and the nut 9 and the washer 10 are unscrewed. In as well the head can be easily removed by loosening the nut 9, e.g. B. the Replace spring plate.
- the locking pin arranged on the locking plate 4 has a shaft 2 'with an angular, preferably square recess.
- the axle journal 3A 'inserted therein of the head (not shown here) is angular - preferably also square - and in its rest position it is rotated by 45 ° with respect to the recess or with respect to the shaft 2'.
- elastomer springs 5 ' which, for. B. simply as sections can be made of compressible round cord rubber. Obviously the entirety of these springs 5 'replaces the leaf spring 5 from the first exemplary embodiment, by resiliently between the corners of the axle when the axle 3A 'is rotated 3A 'and the walls of the recess in the shaft 2' are compressed.
- the locking plate In the working position of the locking pin, the locking plate can be swung up one in Fig. 3 Dash-dotted corner fitting of a loading container with a collar 11 on the Bolt pins 1 are placed, the collar one on the outline of the shaft 2nd (see FIG. 2) has a matched elongated opening. Its edges become the head 3 above it top-side run-up bevels temporarily out of their basic position due to the weight rotate in congruence with shaft 2. As soon as the loading container is completely lowered, i. H. stands on the loading surface or the locking plates 4, the head 3 is automatically in Reset the basic position. Its lower edges 7, 8 then overlap the inner edges of the Collar 11 and secure the load container form-fitting. It is understood that the length of the Shaft 2 should correspond to the thickness of the collar 11.
- the end face of the locking plate 4 has a projection 4P at the bottom, which is in the working position automatically comes under a retaining web 12, which is in the base of the transport vehicle is provided to lift the locking plate 4 together with the lifting To prevent load.
- a retaining web 12 which is in the base of the transport vehicle is provided to lift the locking plate 4 together with the lifting To prevent load.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
- Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
Description
Bei solchen handbetätigten Dreh-Verriegelungen hängt aber die Transportsicherheit wesentlich von der Sorgfalt des Bedienpersonals ab, das sämtliche Verriegelungen vor Fahrtbeginn einzeln in Verriegelungsstellung bringen und vor dem Abladen auch wieder lösen muß. Bei Straßentransporten mit höchstens acht zu betätigenden Riegeln an Zugfahrzeug und Hänger ist der Zeitaufwand hierzu noch vertretbar, jedoch nicht bei Ganzzügen der Eisenbahn mit großen Mengen von aufgesetzten Ladebehältern und einer entsprechend großen Zahl von Riegelzapfen.
Trotzdem -und auch weil diese starren Hinterschneidungen starker Abnutzung unterliegensind schon wiederholt die immer höher und -unbeladen- leichter gebauten Ladebehälter insbesondere bei starkem Seitenwind vom Transportfahrzeug abgekippt. Leere Ladebehälter müssen deshalb auf bestimmten Eisenbahn-Transportrouten zusätzlich mit Seilen gesichert werden.
Ein weiterer gravierender Nachteil dieser bekannten Riegel ist, daß sie mit hoher Positionsgenauigkeit auf dem Fahrzeuguntergestell befestigt werden müssen, damit die festen Hinterschneidungen ihre Wirkung tun können.
- Figur 1
- eine erste Ansicht einer einzelnen Verriegelung, die aus einem Schaft und einem diesem gegenüber verdrehbaren Kopf besteht, in Querrichtung des Ladebehälters bzw. des Transportfahrzeugs gesehen,
- Figur 2
- eine Schnittansicht entsprechend der Linie II-II in Fig. 1 zur Verdeutlichung der federnden Rückstellung im Grundriß der Verriegelung,
- Figur 3
- eine gegenüber Fig. 1 um 90° geklappte zweite Ansicht in Längsrichtung des Ladebehälters gesehen und
- Fig. 4
- eine alternative Bauform der Federrückstellung, bei der Elastomerfedern die Rückstellkraft erzeugen, in einer Schnittansicht analog zu Fig. 2.
So hat in Abwandlung gegenüber der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Bauform der Federrückstellung gemäß Fig. 4 der auf der Riegelplatte 4 angeordnete Riegelzapfen einen Schaft 2' mit einer eckigen, vorzugsweise quadratischen Ausnehmung. Auch der darin eingesetzte Achszapfen 3A' des hier nicht gezeigten Kopfes ist eckig -vorzugsweise ebenfalls quadratisch-und in seiner Ruhestellung gegenüber der Ausnehmung bzw. gegenüber dem Schaft 2' um 45° verdreht.
Claims (8)
- Festlegevorrichtung zum Verriegeln von Ladebehältern wie Containern und Wechselbehältern während des Transports, umfassend einen Riegelzapfen (1) mit einem hohlen Schaft (2; 2') und einem in dem Schaft mit einem durchgesteckten Achszapfen (3A; 3A') drehbar geführten Kopf (3), deran seiner Oberseite Anlaufschrägen zum Unterstützen der Positionierung des Ladebehälters aufweist,wenigstens eine gegenüber dem Schaft (2; 2')zum Übergreifen von an der Unterseite der Ladebehälter vorgesehenen Widerlagern (Kragen 11), insbesondere Eckbeschlägen,nur vorübergehend gegen die Kraft einer Feder (5; 5') durch Kontakt zwischen den Anlaufschrägen mit den Widerlagern (Kragen 11) selbst in eine das Aufsetzen und nachfolgende selbsttätige Verriegeln des Ladebehälters erlaubende Freigabestellung verdrehbar ist,
daß die Feder (5; 5') zwischen dem Schaft (2; 2') und dem Achszapfen (3A; 3A') wirkend innerhalb eines im Schaft (2; 2') vorgesehenen Freiraums angeordnet ist. - Festlegevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Kopf (3) auch an seinen vorspringenden Unterkanten (7, 8) Anlaufschrägen aufweist, über die er durch beim Anheben des Ladebehälters bewirkten Kontakt mit dessen Widerlager (11) vorübergehend in die das Abheben des Ladebehälters erlaubende Freigabestellung drehbar ist. - Festlegevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Federkraft durch eine Biegefeder, insbesondere ein Federblech (5), erzeugt wird, die beim Verdrehen des Kopfes (3) gegenüber dem Schaft (2) elastisch verformbar ist. - Festlegevorrichtung nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die als Federblech (5) ausgeführte Biegefeder längs einer Flügelkammer (6) innerhalb des hohen Schafts (2) angeordnet ist, sich beidseitig in deren spitzen Ecken abstützt und eine Ausnehmung eines mittig durch die Kammer (10) geführten Achszapfens (3A) des Kopfes (3) durchdringt. - Festlegevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Federkraft durch mindestens eine zwischen dem Kopf und dem Schaft (2') angeordnete Elastomerfeder (5') erzeugt wird. - Festlegevorrichtung nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Achszapfen (3A') des Kopfes (3) eckig ist und verdrehbar in eine ebenfalls eckige Ausnehmung des hohen Schafts (2') eingesetzt ist, wobei in die zwischen den Ecken der Ausnehmung und des verdreht darin eingesetzten Achszapfen (3A') eingeschlossenen Freiräume beim Drehen des Kopfes (3) komprimierbare Elastomerfedern (5') angeordnet sind. - Festlegevorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Riegelzapfen (1, 2, 3) nebst der Rückstelleinrichtung (5, 6) auf einer schwenkbar an dem Transportfahrzeug gelagerten Riegelplatte (4) montiert ist, die in Arbeitsstellung selbsttätig randseitig unter einen Haltesteg (12) im Untergestell des Transportfahrzeugs geführt wird. - Fahrzeug, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß es auf jeder Längsseite mit mindestens einer Festlegevorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche ausgestattet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4422405A DE4422405C1 (de) | 1994-06-29 | 1994-06-29 | Festlegevorrichtung zum Verriegeln von Ladebehältern |
DE4422405 | 1994-06-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0689958A1 EP0689958A1 (de) | 1996-01-03 |
EP0689958B1 true EP0689958B1 (de) | 1998-11-25 |
Family
ID=6521581
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95108554A Expired - Lifetime EP0689958B1 (de) | 1994-06-29 | 1995-06-03 | Festlegevorrichtung zum Verriegeln von Ladebehältern |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0689958B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE173687T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4422405C1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO952445L (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19603817A1 (de) * | 1996-02-02 | 1997-10-09 | Gerd Schulz | Vorrichtung zur Verriegelung eines Containers an einem Fahrzeugchassis |
DE19637117C2 (de) * | 1996-09-12 | 1999-07-01 | Ruediger Metternich | Vorrichtung zur Sicherung eines auf einer Aufstandsfläche eines Fahrzeugchassis stehenden Containers |
ES2203780T3 (es) | 1997-03-04 | 2004-04-16 | Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. | Un dispositivo de deteccion de cortocircuitos. |
CN105711479B (zh) * | 2014-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | 贵州航天天马机电科技有限公司 | 一种防跳动固定机构 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1755077A1 (de) * | 1968-03-27 | 1971-11-18 | Jost Werke Gmbh | Drehriegelanordnung fuer Container |
DD71131A1 (de) * | 1968-08-19 | 1970-02-05 | Einrichtung zum Befestigen von Behältern auf Fahrzeugen | |
DE2415165C2 (de) | 1974-03-29 | 1983-01-20 | Graubremse Gmbh, 6900 Heidelberg | Vorrichtung zum Verriegeln und Lösen eines Frachtbehälters auf einem Untersatz |
DE3023514C2 (de) * | 1980-06-24 | 1983-01-27 | Waggonfabrik Talbot, 5100 Aachen | Vorrichtung zur Verriegelung von Containern oder Wechselaufbauten auf Tragfahrzeugen o.dgl. |
JPS61113587A (ja) * | 1984-11-06 | 1986-05-31 | Toshiya Ogino | コンテナ等のロツク装置 |
US4626155A (en) * | 1986-01-13 | 1986-12-02 | Maclean-Fogg Company | Automatic container securement device with a spring biased, cam surfaced head |
DE9317501U1 (de) * | 1993-11-16 | 1994-02-10 | Wader Willi Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum gegenseitigen Verbinden von Containern |
-
1994
- 1994-06-29 DE DE4422405A patent/DE4422405C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-06-03 EP EP95108554A patent/EP0689958B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-03 DE DE59504306T patent/DE59504306D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-03 AT AT95108554T patent/ATE173687T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-06-19 NO NO952445A patent/NO952445L/no unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO952445D0 (no) | 1995-06-19 |
NO952445L (no) | 1996-01-02 |
DE59504306D1 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
DE4422405C1 (de) | 1995-09-28 |
EP0689958A1 (de) | 1996-01-03 |
ATE173687T1 (de) | 1998-12-15 |
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