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EP0671780A1 - Multiple contact and terminal block for communications equipment - Google Patents

Multiple contact and terminal block for communications equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0671780A1
EP0671780A1 EP95102755A EP95102755A EP0671780A1 EP 0671780 A1 EP0671780 A1 EP 0671780A1 EP 95102755 A EP95102755 A EP 95102755A EP 95102755 A EP95102755 A EP 95102755A EP 0671780 A1 EP0671780 A1 EP 0671780A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact pin
wire
pin holder
cover
multiple contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95102755A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0671780B1 (en
Inventor
Hans Reichle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reichle and De Massari AG
Original Assignee
Reichle and De Massari AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Reichle and De Massari AG filed Critical Reichle and De Massari AG
Publication of EP0671780A1 publication Critical patent/EP0671780A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0671780B1 publication Critical patent/EP0671780B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
    • H01R4/2416—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type
    • H01R4/242—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members being plates having a single slot
    • H01R4/2425—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates
    • H01R4/2429—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates mounted in an insulating base
    • H01R4/2433—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates mounted in an insulating base one part of the base being movable to push the cable into the slot
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S439/00—Electrical connectors
    • Y10S439/942—Comblike retainer for conductor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multiple contact pin holder of a modular connector for telephone or low-voltage systems, with means for solderless insulation displacement connection, which comprise at least one swiveling cover which can be pressed onto the body of the contact pin holder and from which contact-side pressure ribs protrude when the button is pressed down Penetrate the swivel cover on the body in its wire insertion slots and press the inserted wires into the clamping edges of the contact pins.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create an embodiment of the above-mentioned type which eliminates the disadvantages mentioned.
  • the wire insertion slots have lateral, above one another wire holding cams, of which at least one wire holding cam is located in the wire insertion area in order to position an inserted wire and at least one other wire holding cam is located in the clamping cutting area. to fix the wire pressed into the clamping cutting edge.
  • a preferred embodiment consists in that the swiveling cover can be used with web means on its back and pivotally engages under a shoulder on the back of the body and also that the swivel cover is in its press-in position detachably laterally clamped by the body or held by latching means; that in addition the pivoting cover in its open position is at most flush with the back of the body and that the pivoting cover is a reusable auxiliary tool for pressing wires into the clamping cutters of several contact pin holders.
  • the multiple contact pin holder 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 generally presents itself as a contact strip which has a transverse wire insertion slot 5 for each wire 20.
  • the clamping cutting edge 6 of a protruding contact pin 7 projects transversely into each of these slots 5, adjacent contact pins 7 generally being offset from one another (not shown).
  • the means for insulation displacement connection to the body 2 of the contact pin holder 1 comprise a depressible swiveling cover 3. From this swivel cover 3 protrude at a modular distance on the contact side pressure ribs 4 which penetrate into the wire insertion slots 5 when the swivel cover 3 is pressed onto the body 2 and press the inserted wires 20 into the clamping cutters 6 of the contact pins 7.
  • the wire insertion slots 5 have lateral, above one another wire holding cams 11, 12 of which at least one wire holding cam 11 is located in the wire insertion area around an inserted one Position wire and at least one other wire holding cam 12 is in the clamping cutting area to fix the wire pressed into the clamping cutting edge.
  • a preferred embodiment consists in that the swivel cover 3 can be used with web means 9 on its rear side and a shoulder 8 on the rear side of the body can be pivoted 2 engages as shown in FIG. 1 in detail. It is important here that the swivel cover 3 in its open position Back of the body 2 does not protrude, so is at most flush with this back.
  • the swiveling cover 3 is held in its press-in position by the body 2 releasably clamping laterally or by means of latching means (not illustrated in more detail).

Landscapes

  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
  • Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

The pin holder (1) incorporates means of solder-free cut-and-grip wiring in the form of a pivoted cover (3) which can be pressed down onto the body (2) so that ribs (4) are forced into the slots (5) contg. the wires (20). This movement passes the end of each wire into the cut-and-grip termination (6) of a contact pin (7) while the body of the wire is restrained between two hooks (11,12). A short bar (9) along the back of the cover is lodged under a shoulder (8) on the body.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalter eines modularen Steckverbinders für Telefon- oder Schwachstromanlagen, mit Mitteln zur lötfreien Schneid-Klemm-Andrahtung, welche mindestens einen, auf den Körper des Kontaktstifthalters niederdrückbaren Schwenkdekkel umfassen, von welchem kontaktseitige Druckrippen abragen, die beim Niederdrücken des Schwenkdeckels auf den Körper in dessen Draht-Einlegeschlitze eindringen und die eingelegten Drähte in die Klemmschneiden der Kontaktstifte pressen.The present invention relates to a multiple contact pin holder of a modular connector for telephone or low-voltage systems, with means for solderless insulation displacement connection, which comprise at least one swiveling cover which can be pressed onto the body of the contact pin holder and from which contact-side pressure ribs protrude when the button is pressed down Penetrate the swivel cover on the body in its wire insertion slots and press the inserted wires into the clamping edges of the contact pins.

In allen Bereichen der Schwachstromtechnik gewinnt die lötfreie Andrahtung erheblich an Bedeutung. In diesem Zusammenhang ist ein Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalter der vorgenannten Art durch die EP-A-O 310 832 des gleichen Anmelders bekannt geworden.In all areas of low-voltage technology, solderless wiring is becoming increasingly important. In this connection, a multiple contact pin holder of the aforementioned type has become known from EP-A-0 310 832 by the same applicant.

Problematisch ist bei einer solchen Anordnung jedoch, dass die eingelegten Drähte vor dem Einpressen in die Draht-Einlegeschlitze relativ leicht verspringen und so die Einlegearbeit wiederholt werden muss. Ferner ist nachteilig, dass die Schwenkdeckel nach deren Niederdrücken verbleiben müssen, um die eingepressten Drähte zu fixieren.The problem with such an arrangement, however, is that the inserted wires jump relatively easily before being pressed into the wire insertion slots and the insertion work must therefore be repeated. A further disadvantage is that the swivel covers must remain after they have been pressed down in order to fix the pressed-in wires.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist deshalb die Schaffung einer, die genannten Nachteile behebenden Ausführungsform eines Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalters der vorgenannten Art.The object of the invention is therefore to create an embodiment of the above-mentioned type which eliminates the disadvantages mentioned.

Dies wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch erreicht, dass die Draht-Einlegeschlitze seitliche, übereinander angeordnete Drahthaltenocken aufweisen, von welchen mindestens ein Drahthaltenocken sich im Draht-Einlege-Bereich befindet, um einen eingelegten Draht zu positionieren und mindestens ein anderer Drahthaltenocken sich im Klemmschneide-Bereich befindet, um den in die Klemmschneide eingepressten Draht zu fixieren.This is achieved according to the invention in that the wire insertion slots have lateral, above one another wire holding cams, of which at least one wire holding cam is located in the wire insertion area in order to position an inserted wire and at least one other wire holding cam is located in the clamping cutting area. to fix the wire pressed into the clamping cutting edge.

Somit kann weder ein eingelegter noch ein eingepresster Draht aus seinem Einlegeschlitz heraustreten, unabhängig von irgendwelchen Sperrfunktionen des Schwenkdeckels.This means that neither an inserted nor a pressed-in wire can emerge from its insertion slot, regardless of any locking functions of the swivel cover.

Um zudem dem immer geringeren zur Verfügung stehenden Platzbedarf Rechnung zu tragen und zudem den Schwenkdeckel in seiner Handhabung zu verbessern, besteht eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform darin, dass der Schwenkdeckel mit Stegmitteln an seiner Rückseite einsetzbar und schwenkbar eine Schulter an der Rückseite des Körpers untergreift und ferner, dass der Schwenkdeckel in seiner Einpresslage vom Körper lösbar seitlich klemmend oder durch Einrastmittel gehalten ist; dass ferner der Schwenkdeckel in seiner Offenlage höchstens bündig ist mit der Rückseite des Körpers und dass der Schwenkdeckel ein mehrfach verwendbares Hilfswerkzeug zum Einpressen von Drähten in die Klemmschneiden von mehreren Kontaktstifthaltern ist.In order to also take into account the ever smaller amount of available space and also to improve the handling of the swiveling cover, a preferred embodiment consists in that the swiveling cover can be used with web means on its back and pivotally engages under a shoulder on the back of the body and also that the swivel cover is in its press-in position detachably laterally clamped by the body or held by latching means; that in addition the pivoting cover in its open position is at most flush with the back of the body and that the pivoting cover is a reusable auxiliary tool for pressing wires into the clamping cutters of several contact pin holders.

Eine beispielsweise Ausführungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
in schaubildartiger Darstellung im Teilschnitt einen erfindungsgemässen Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalter mit offenem Schwenkdeckel;
Fig. 2
den Kontaktstifthalter gemäss Fig. 1 mit geschlossenem Schwenkdeckel; und
Fig. 3
ausschnittweise und in schaubildartiger, vergrösserter Darstellung einen Draht-Einlegeschlitz der Anordnung gemäss Fig. 1.
An example embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
in a diagrammatic representation in partial section an inventive multiple contact pin holder with an open swivel cover;
Fig. 2
the contact pin holder of Figure 1 with the closed swivel cover. and
Fig. 3
Detail and in a diagram-like, enlarged representation of a wire insertion slot of the arrangement according to FIG. 1.

Der in den Fig. 1 und 2 veranschaulichte Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalter 1 stellt sich in der Regel als Kontaktleiste dar, welche für jeden Draht 20 einen querlaufenden DrahtEinlegeschlitz 5 aufweist. In jeden dieser Schlitze 5 ragt querstehend die Klemmschneide 6 eines abragenden Kontaktstiftes 7 hinein, wobei benachbarte Kontaktstifte 7 in der Regel gegeneinander versetzt sind (nicht gezeigt).The multiple contact pin holder 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 generally presents itself as a contact strip which has a transverse wire insertion slot 5 for each wire 20. The clamping cutting edge 6 of a protruding contact pin 7 projects transversely into each of these slots 5, adjacent contact pins 7 generally being offset from one another (not shown).

Soweit sind solche Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalter bekannt. Weiter ist bekannt, dass die Mittel zur Schneid-Klemm-Andrahtung auf den Körper 2 des Kontaktstifthalters 1 einen niederdrückbaren Schwenkdeckel 3 umfassen. Von diesem Schwenkdeckel 3 ragen in modulem Abstand kontaktseitig Druckrippen 4 ab, die beim Niederdrücken des Schwenkdeckels 3 auf den Körper 2 in dessen Draht-Einlegeschlitze 5 eindringen und die eingelegten Drähte 20 in die Klemmschneiden 6 der Kontaktstifte 7 pressen.So far, such multiple contact pin holders are known. Furthermore, it is known that the means for insulation displacement connection to the body 2 of the contact pin holder 1 comprise a depressible swiveling cover 3. From this swivel cover 3 protrude at a modular distance on the contact side pressure ribs 4 which penetrate into the wire insertion slots 5 when the swivel cover 3 is pressed onto the body 2 and press the inserted wires 20 into the clamping cutters 6 of the contact pins 7.

Wie bereits einleitend ausgeführt und besonders der Fig. 3 entnehmbar, ist es erfindungswesentlich, dass die Draht-Einlegeschlitze 5 seitliche, übereinander angeordnete Drahthaltenocken 11,12 aufweisen, von welchen mindestens ein Drahthaltenocken 11 sich im Draht-Einlege-Bereich befindet, um einen eingelegten Draht zu positionieren und mindestens ein anderer Drahthaltenocken 12 sich im Klemmschneide-Bereich befindet, um den in die Klemmschneide eingepressten Draht zu fixieren.As already stated in the introduction and particularly evident from FIG. 3, it is essential to the invention that the wire insertion slots 5 have lateral, above one another wire holding cams 11, 12 of which at least one wire holding cam 11 is located in the wire insertion area around an inserted one Position wire and at least one other wire holding cam 12 is in the clamping cutting area to fix the wire pressed into the clamping cutting edge.

Dies verhindert zunächst, dass die eingelegten Drähte vor dem Einpressen in die Draht-Einlegeschlitze verspringen können und so die Einlegearbeit wiederholt werden müsste. Ferner ist es nicht mehr notwendig, dass die Schwenkdeckel nach deren Niederdrücken verbleiben müssen, um die eingepressten Drähte zu fixieren.First of all, this prevents the inserted wires from jumping into the wire insertion slots before being pressed in and the insertion work would have to be repeated. Furthermore, it is no longer necessary for the swivel covers to remain after they have been pressed down in order to fix the pressed-in wires.

Um zudem dem immer geringeren, zur Verfügung stehenden Platzbedarf Rechnung zu tragen und zudem den Schwenkdeckel in seiner Handhabung zu verbessern, besteht eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform darin, dass der Schwenkdeckel 3 mit Stegmitteln 9 an seiner Rückseite einsetzbar und schwenkbar eine Schulter 8 an der Rückseite des Körpers 2 untergreift, wie das Fig. 1 im Einzelnen zeigt. Hierbei ist es von Bedeutung, dass der Schwenkdeckel 3 in seiner Offenlage die Rückseite des Körpers 2 nicht überragt, also höchstens mit dieser Rückseite bündig ist.In order to also take into account the ever smaller, available space requirement and also to improve the handling of the swivel cover, a preferred embodiment consists in that the swivel cover 3 can be used with web means 9 on its rear side and a shoulder 8 on the rear side of the body can be pivoted 2 engages as shown in FIG. 1 in detail. It is important here that the swivel cover 3 in its open position Back of the body 2 does not protrude, so is at most flush with this back.

Weiter ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Schwenkdeckel 3 in seiner Einpresslage vom Körper 2 lösbar seitlich klemmend oder durch Einrastmittel gehalten ist (nicht näher veranschaulicht).It is also advantageous if the swiveling cover 3 is held in its press-in position by the body 2 releasably clamping laterally or by means of latching means (not illustrated in more detail).

Dadurch, dass die eingepressten Drähte 20 von den unteren Nocken 12 niedergehalten werden, ist es nunmehr möglich, den Schwenkdeckel 3 als ein mehrfach verwendbares Hilfswerkzeug zum Einpressen von Drähten in die Klemmschneiden von mehreren Kontaktstifthaltern zu verwenden.Because the pressed-in wires 20 are held down by the lower cams 12, it is now possible to use the swivel cover 3 as a reusable auxiliary tool for pressing wires into the clamping cutting edges of a plurality of contact pin holders.

Aus dem Vorbeschriebenen ergibt sich somit ein Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalter eines modularen Steckverbinders für Telefon- oder Schwachstromanlagen, mit Mitteln zur lötfreien Schneid-Klemm-Andrahtung, bei dem das Hauptproblem der Fixierung die Drähte resp. Adern vor und nach der Schneid-Klemm-Andrahtung optimal sowie herstellungs- und handhabungstechnisch relativ einfach gelöst ist.From the above thus results a multiple contact pin holder of a modular connector for telephone or low-voltage systems, with means for solderless insulation displacement wiring, in which the main problem of fixing the wires or. Cores before and after the insulation displacement connection is optimal and the manufacturing and handling technology is relatively simple.

Claims (5)

Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalter eines modularen Steckverbinders für Telefon- oder Schwachstromanlagen, mit Mitteln zur lötfreien Schneid-Klemm-Andrahtung, welche mindestens einen, auf den Körper (2) des Kontaktstifthalters (1) niederdrückbaren Schwenkdeckel (3) umfassen, von welchem kontaktseitige Druckrippen (4) abragen, die beim Niederdrücken des Schwenkdeckels (3) auf den Körper (2) in dessen Draht-Einlegeschlitze (5) eindringen und die eingelegten Drähte in die Klemmschneiden (6) der Kontaktstifte (7) pressen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Draht-Einlegeschlitze (5) seitliche, übereinander angeordnete Drahthaltenocken (11,12) aufweisen, von welchen mindestens ein Drahthaltenocken (11) sich im Draht-Einlege-Bereich befindet, um einen eingelegten Draht zu positionieren und mindestens ein anderer Drahthaltenocken (12) sich im Klemmschneide-Bereich befindet, um den in die Klemmschneide eingepressten Draht zu fixieren.Multiple contact pin holder of a modular connector for telephone or low-voltage systems, with means for solder-free insulation displacement connection, which comprise at least one swivel cover (3) that can be pressed onto the body (2) of the contact pin holder (1) and from which contact-side pressure ribs (4 ) protrude, which penetrate into the wire insertion slots (5) when pressing the swivel cover (3) onto the body (2) and press the inserted wires into the clamping cutters (6) of the contact pins (7), characterized in that the wire Insertion slots (5) have lateral wire holding cams (11, 12) arranged one above the other, of which at least one wire holding cam (11) is located in the wire insertion area in order to position an inserted wire and at least one other wire holding cam (12) is in the clamping cutting edge Area is located to fix the wire pressed into the clamping cutting edge. Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwenkdeckel (3) mit Stegmitteln (9) an seiner Rückseite einsetzbar und schwenkbar eine Schulter (8) an der Rückseite des Körpers (2) untergreift.Multiple contact pin holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the swivel cover (3) with web means (9) can be inserted and pivoted on its rear side engages under a shoulder (8) on the back of the body (2). Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwenkdeckel (3) in seiner Einpresslage vom Körper (2) lösbar seitlich klemmend oder durch Einrastmittel gehalten ist.Multiple contact pin holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the swiveling cover (3) is held in its press-in position by the body (2) releasably laterally clamping or by latching means. Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwenkdeckel (3) in seiner Offenlage höchstens bündig ist mit der Rückseite des Körpers (2).Multiple contact pin holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivoting cover (3) in its open position is at most flush with the back of the body (2). Mehrfach-Kontaktstifthalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwenkdeckel (3) ein mehrfach verwendbares Hilfswerkzeug zum Einpressen von Drähten in die Klemmschneiden von mehreren Kontaktstifthaltern ist.Multiple contact pin holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the swivel cover (3) is a reusable auxiliary tool for pressing wires into the clamping cutting edges of a plurality of contact pin holders.
EP95102755A 1994-03-10 1995-02-27 Multiple contact and terminal block for communications equipment Expired - Lifetime EP0671780B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00716/94A CH687841A5 (en) 1994-03-10 1994-03-10 Multiple contact pin holder for low power systems.
CH716/94 1994-03-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0671780A1 true EP0671780A1 (en) 1995-09-13
EP0671780B1 EP0671780B1 (en) 1998-10-07

Family

ID=4193510

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95102755A Expired - Lifetime EP0671780B1 (en) 1994-03-10 1995-02-27 Multiple contact and terminal block for communications equipment

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US5662493A (en)
EP (1) EP0671780B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3408882B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100326742B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1045846C (en)
AU (1) AU681227B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9501014A (en)
CH (1) CH687841A5 (en)
DE (1) DE59503819D1 (en)
PL (1) PL176858B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2156017C2 (en)
TW (1) TW279277B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW279277B (en) 1996-06-21
AU1368895A (en) 1995-09-21
EP0671780B1 (en) 1998-10-07
KR100326742B1 (en) 2002-06-28
PL176858B1 (en) 1999-08-31
JPH0837041A (en) 1996-02-06
PL307604A1 (en) 1995-09-18
US5662493A (en) 1997-09-02
CN1116781A (en) 1996-02-14
CH687841A5 (en) 1997-02-28
CN1045846C (en) 1999-10-20
BR9501014A (en) 1995-10-24
KR950034901A (en) 1995-12-28
RU95103439A (en) 1997-03-10
RU2156017C2 (en) 2000-09-10
AU681227B2 (en) 1997-08-21
JP3408882B2 (en) 2003-05-19
DE59503819D1 (en) 1998-11-12

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