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EP0527417B1 - Miniaturisiertes Radioantennenelement - Google Patents

Miniaturisiertes Radioantennenelement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0527417B1
EP0527417B1 EP92113233A EP92113233A EP0527417B1 EP 0527417 B1 EP0527417 B1 EP 0527417B1 EP 92113233 A EP92113233 A EP 92113233A EP 92113233 A EP92113233 A EP 92113233A EP 0527417 B1 EP0527417 B1 EP 0527417B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slots
antenna according
antenna
slot
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92113233A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0527417A1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Raguenet
Michel Gomez-Henry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Original Assignee
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Espace Industries SA filed Critical Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Publication of EP0527417A1 publication Critical patent/EP0527417A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0527417B1 publication Critical patent/EP0527417B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
    • H01Q21/0081—Stripline fed arrays using suspended striplines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a miniaturized elementary radio antenna, intended in particular for V.H.F waves. and U.H.F., that is to say in the waves included in a frequency range covering from the small hundred megahertz to a few Gigahertz only.
  • Such an antenna is in particular intended to equip a radio communications satellite.
  • V.H.F. or U.H.F. the most formerly used are the wire antennas. At these relatively low frequencies, these antennas have large dimensions, which is very penalizing in weight and size for a satellite. In addition, precisely because of this large size, they must be folded for storage and when launching the satellite, then deployed when the latter is finally in orbit. This necessitates the provision of a complex, costly, bulky, heavy deployment mechanism, and moreover subject to a risk of breakdown when it is actuated once the satellite is put into orbit.
  • this miniaturized elementary antenna consists of a flat cavity 1, for example of Aluminum and of rectangular section, with for example 10 to 15 centimeters on a side and a low height (to minimize the bulk ) of for example 5 centimeters, and of which one of the large faces, for example the upper face 2 is perforated with a fine radiating slit 3 which is, according to the invention, dimensioned totally below the resonance: instead of have a length equal to half the wavelength, that is L / 2, its length is a much smaller fraction of it, for example of the order of L / 10 or even L / 20.
  • the excitation of the slot 3 is carried out in a conventional manner, for example by a probe 4 which extends the core a tri-plate line 5 connected to the cavity 1 via a connector 6.
  • an impedance matching circuit in itself being able to be very conventional, is provided between the antenna and the corresponding main supply line.
  • FIG. 3 represents the block diagram of the circuit for connecting this antenna 1.3 to its main line 7, represented in the form of a quadrupole.
  • An impedance matching circuit 8 is therefore provided between the antenna 1.3 and this main line 7, to remedy the impedance mismatch of this antenna.
  • the dimensions of the slot 3 and of the associated cavity 1 can be any, provided that they are much smaller than those which correspond to the resonance condition.
  • the layout of the radiation diagrams of this antenna for various frequencies included in the VHF-UHF range shows that there are frequencies for which this diagram presents a dip in the axial direction of the radiation, and a preponderant lobe on both sides. other of it, about 40 to 60 degrees.
  • Such a characteristic is particularly advantageous in the case of antennas on board a satellite, since it then coincides with the optimal radiation pattern, so that ultimately it will sometimes be wise to choose a slot length which provides, for the frequency or frequencies VHF or UHF used, a diagram of this type, that is to say having a hollow for the direction of axial radiation, this hollow defining two lateral lobes on either side at about 40 to 60 degrees.
  • FIGS. 4 to 12 which will now be described illustrate some alternative embodiments of this antenna among many others.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 4 differs from that according to FIG. 1 by the fact that the single slot 3 is replaced by a network of five parallel and identical slots 3A to 3E, which makes it possible to obtain an antenna with better gain and better management of the radiation pattern.
  • An antenna of this type can be used either to obtain a distribution law corresponding to a well determined diagram, or to radiate on four determined frequencies with a single and same impedance matching circuit.
  • a multi-slot antenna can comprise, for example to obtain a determined radiation diagram, several parallel slots 3M, 3N, 3P, 3Q, which are offset with respect to each other in the lateral direction, i.e. in the direction orthogonal to probe 4.
  • the antennas described so far are made to radiate a linear polarization. It is also possible, according to Figures 7 to 10 for example, to carry out an antenna according to the invention and intended to radiate a circular polarization.
  • the cavity is perforated with two identical slots 3R, 3S which are orthogonal to one another and arranged in a Greek cross whose center coincides with that of the square surface 2.
  • the slot 3R is supplied by a probe 4A which is orthogonal thereto, while the slot 3S is similarly supplied by another probe 4B.
  • the two probes 4A, 4B are therefore orthogonal. So that the wave radiated by the cross slit 3R, 3S is of circular polarization, these two probes 4A, 4B are supplied by waves of the same frequency and in phase quadrature.
  • FIG. 11 shows another variant of this antenna, which comprises two orthogonal supply probes 4A, 4B each supplying a network 3T, 3U of parallel and all identical slots. We thus obtain a bi-polarization and multi-slot antenna.
  • FIG. 12 shows a variant of this antenna with two polarizations and two networks 3T, 3U of slots, for which the slots of the 3T network are significantly shorter than those of the 3U network.
  • Such an antenna is desirable in the case of an antenna intended to radiate two waves of very different frequencies and with orthogonal polarizations.
  • the invention is in no way limited to the exemplary embodiments which have just been described.
  • this elementary antenna by completely or partially filling the cavity 1 with a dielectric material, such as Alumina for example.
  • the section of this cavity can of course be circular, or other, instead of rectangular.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Miniaturisiertes Antennenelement, insbesondere für Wellen im VHF- und im UHF-Bereich, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    . daß es einen oder mehrere strahlende Schlitze (3) mit deutlich kleineren Abmessungen als die der Schlitze besitzt, die normalerweise bei dieser Frequenz oder diesen Betriebsfrequenzen der Antenne schwingen, d.h. daß sie deutlich unterhalb der Resonanzfrequenz betrieben werden, wobei dieser Schlitz oder diese Schlitze (3) in eine der großen Seiten (2) eines Hohlraums (1) eingeschnitten sind, der ebenfalls deutlich kleinere Abmessungen als ein Resonanzhohlraum für diese Betriebsfrequenz(en) aufweist,
    . und daß der Zugang oder die Zugänge (5) zu diesem Hohlraum je an die entsprechende Leitung (7) über mindestens eine Impedanzanpassungsschaltung (8) gekoppelt ist bzw. sind.
  2. Funkantenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mehrere parallele Schlitze (3A bis 3E) aufweist.
  3. Funkantenne nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die parallelen Schlitze (3F bis 3L) ausgewählte Längen besitzen, um beispielsweise eine Antenne für mehrere bestimmte Frequenzen zu bilden, die aber eine gemeinsame Impedanzanpassungsschaltung (8) aufweisen.
  4. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese parallelen Schlitze (3M, 3N, 3P, 3Q) gegenseitig versetzt sind.
  5. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, die eine Welle mit Zirkularpolarisation abstrahlen kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zwei identische und kreuzförmig angeordnete Schlitze (3R, 3S) aufweist.
  6. Antenne nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speiseleitungen (4A, 4B) dieser beiden Schlitze (3R, 3S) winkelmäßig bezüglich der Senkrechten zum von ihnen jeweils gespeisten Schlitz (3R, 3S) verdreht sind.
  7. Antenne nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Winkel (a) zwischen den Speiseleitungen und den Schlitzen etwa 45° beträgt.
  8. Antenne nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speiseleitungen (4A, 4B) dieser Schlitze (3R, 3S) seitlich bezüglich des Mittelpunkts des von ihnen jeweils gespeisten Schlitzes (3R, 3S) versetzt sind.
  9. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, die eine Welle mit Zirkularpolarisation abstrahlen kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zwei zueinander senkrechte und einander nicht schneidende identische Schlitze (3R, 3S) aufweist.
  10. Antenne nach Anspruch 1 für zwei zueinander senkrechte Polarisationen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie für jede Polarisation ein Netz von parallelen Schlitzen (3U, 3T) aufweist.
  11. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ihr Hohlraum (1) ganz oder teilweise mit einem dielektrischen Material gefüllt ist.
  12. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abmessungen des Schlitzes oder der Schlitze (3) so gewählt sind, daß sich ein Strahlungsdiagramm mit einem Minimum in der axialen Strahlungsrichtung ergibt, das zwischen zwei um 40 bis 60° zu beiden Seiten dieser axialen Richtung verschobenen Keulen liegt.
EP92113233A 1991-08-07 1992-08-03 Miniaturisiertes Radioantennenelement Expired - Lifetime EP0527417B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9110066 1991-08-07
FR9110066A FR2680283B1 (fr) 1991-08-07 1991-08-07 Antenne radioelectrique elementaire miniaturisee.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0527417A1 EP0527417A1 (de) 1993-02-17
EP0527417B1 true EP0527417B1 (de) 1995-12-20

Family

ID=9416010

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92113233A Expired - Lifetime EP0527417B1 (de) 1991-08-07 1992-08-03 Miniaturisiertes Radioantennenelement

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5489913A (de)
EP (1) EP0527417B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH05199031A (de)
CA (1) CA2075451A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69206915T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2680283B1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0527417A1 (de) 1993-02-17
DE69206915D1 (de) 1996-02-01
CA2075451A1 (fr) 1993-02-08
FR2680283B1 (fr) 1993-10-01
JPH05199031A (ja) 1993-08-06
US5489913A (en) 1996-02-06
DE69206915T2 (de) 1996-05-15
FR2680283A1 (fr) 1993-02-12

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