EP0515724B1 - Verfahren und vorgefertigtes Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorgefertigtes Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP0515724B1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: module; concrete; ceiling; prefabricated; level
Prior art date: 1991-05-14
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired - Lifetime

Application number

EP91108938A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

French (fr)

Other versions

EP0515724A1 (de

Inventor

Eberhard Schrade

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Individual

Original Assignee

Individual

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1991-05-14

Filing date

1991-05-31

Publication date

1996-07-31

1991-05-31 Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual

1992-12-02 Publication of EP0515724A1 publication Critical patent/EP0515724A1/de

1996-07-31 Application granted granted Critical

1996-07-31 Publication of EP0515724B1 publication Critical patent/EP0515724B1/de

2011-05-31 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
- E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete

Definitions

the invention relates to a method for the production of buildings and buildings according to the preamble of claim 1 and a module for the production of hotels, hospitals, commercial or office buildings, residential buildings and old people's homes and. Like. According to the preamble of claim 10.
modular construction technology is known in many ways; in particular, it is also known to use these in solid concrete construction mainly in garage construction or in wall, floor and ceiling structures.
each module that at least consist of a concrete floor slab and a concrete cover plate, which are connected to each other via vertical supports, on the basis of a steel frame, whereby the walls can then be filled out with concrete parts, but also with the use of wooden parts or lightweight construction elements, especially for structures that are not subject to fire regulations.
the steel structure is used as an outer and, moreover, a visible frame because of its perfect dimensional accuracy, which, for example, forms eight support points for each module, at which these can then be placed on top of one another.
the connection of the individual modules arranged one on top of the other or next to one another can then take place with the aid of so-called “twist and lock connections”.
DE-A-30 03 571 discloses prefabricated elements and living spaces for the quick assembly of buildings and masonry in general, which are created in the form of plinths, beams, living spaces, living space parts or the like, and all the elements mentioned having one Special profile are provided, which enables quick assembly to single and multi-storey buildings, the stability of the construction or the masonry depending on the weight of the elements and / or by reinforcing elements made of reinforced concrete, which are additionally realized during assembly.
the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method and a module for modular solid concrete construction which, on the one hand, permits the adjustment of variable heights, but on the other hand ensures that work can be carried out precisely on a height scale and with particular dimensional accuracy, on the other hand on a frame-like, possibly even a steel corset visible from the outside can be completely dispensed with, and which also enables the production of a static monostructure.
the invention solves this problem with the characterizing features of claim 1 or the characterizing features of claim 10 and has the decisive advantage that it succeeds from the individual, quite to create a monostructural building, that is to say to create prefabricated solid concrete module parts, i.e. a uniform static composite, while maintaining perfect dimensional accuracy, which is definitely based on the inclusion of steel elements in the manufacture of the individual modules, since solid concrete alone cannot ensure such dimensional accuracy.
Another particular advantage of the present invention is that any flexibility and a corresponding wealth of variants can be achieved not only in the interior design in the horizontal plane given by juxtaposing the modules, but especially in the vertical plane, where the spacing of the individual modules can be changed with one another as desired or created so that a grouting concrete level is generally introduced between a respective concrete floor and a respective concrete ceiling placed on it for horizontal bracing.
a complete frame corset can be dispensed with in the steel structure and only the respective four corner areas, via which the base plate is connected to the ceiling plate in a module, comprise supports which, in a manner to be explained in more detail below contain an inner reinforcement cage made of steel or iron, which, at least vertically, forms a steel skeleton, which ensures the dimensional accuracy of the height of the respective module, i.e. the dimensionally accurate one Distance between floor and ceiling determined.
This grouting concrete level is at least in operative connection with the respective ceiling of a lower module, to which it is applied, via a corresponding connection reinforcement that extends from the beginning upwards above this ceiling, although this grouting concrete level does not determine the distance between the individual modules in the vertical direction , but rather the prefabricated, dimensionally stable spacer baskets, which are arranged at the four corners of each module and which ensure the accuracy of fit when the individual modules are placed on top of each other.
the invention therefore succeeds in not only creating a monostructural, static composite unit, but also at the same time, in particular for multi-storey buildings and structures and in compliance with the fire police conditions, without the known steel frame construction method to ensure perfect dimensional accuracy of the building manufactured in this way.
the grouting concrete level between the ceiling and floor statically connects the two adjacent modules, since at least in the corner areas a full spout is provided, which is like a plug, Anchor or dowel acts and creates the intimate connection to the respective module to be attached or attached. It is precisely in this fully poured area, which also includes filling openings in the attached module, that the stiffening elements guaranteed by the corner supports are located, so that even if the installation level is left open, which is achieved by stilting in this support area, the static monostructure of the building is produced properly and possibly to corrosion inclining reinforcement elements are always fully encapsulated and embedded.
corner supports in addition to the reinforcement cage which ensures the dimensional accuracy, which can be designed in any way, special support beams, for example in the form of steel angles, steel stars or the like, in addition to the iron of the reinforcement cage contains, with the support beams as well as lattice beams in the grouting concrete ceiling protrude (initially) in the finished module.
Both these separate support beams and the steel rods or tubes of the reinforcement cage themselves are welded to a respective head plate with an adjusting cone, which also has the exact distance to the respective foot plate Bore intended for the adjustment cone in the corresponding module.
the basic idea of the present invention is to design a prefabricated module in solid concrete construction so that, in compliance with fire regulations, even in multi-storey buildings, despite the combination of individual parts, a static monostructure can be achieved which is absolutely true to size and still has a large number of degrees of freedom in each Design enables.
FIG. 7 shows the simplest basic form of a basic module 10 which is open on all four sides, that is to say only consists of floor 11, ceiling 12 and four corner supports 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, which already differs from known basic modules in this representation, that a comprehensive steel frame construction has been abandoned and a pure but dimensionally stable concrete module is created, in which only the four corner supports 13a, 13b ... by iron or steel reinforcement (spacer basket) to be explained in more detail below for a precise height dimension of the module provide, while the floor, ceiling and any side walls provided reinforcing bars in the form of reinforcements u.
Like. Can contain, but not determine and specify these in the sense of previous frame constructions, dimensions, stability, etc.
Fig. 1 is shown in plan view, i.e. as a plan, the representation of a total of four juxtaposed modules 10a, 10a, 10c, 10d, as can be seen, the basic module 10a has no left side wall, but has both end walls and the right side wall, during the Basic module 10b has an end wall and a side wall adjoining the basic module 10a, and the basic module 10c has only one end wall, for example, which results from the respective requirements of the apartment or rooms to be designed.
the right end module 10d is open to the adjacent basic module 10c, otherwise it is laterally closed, so that the top end walls of the modules in the plane of the drawing can form, for example, a closed outer wall; extensions to the left and down are possible by adding additional modules.
a grouting concrete layer 14 which extends over all ceiling panels of all modules as a static composite layer and also encloses reinforcing iron 15 extending from the ceiling panels, with properties to be explained further below, which also include anchoring in the Ensure the respective floor slabs of the upper row of modules, while on the outer ceiling slabs of the upper row of end modules 10a, 10b, 10c and 10d a grouting concrete layer 14 'which also includes reinforcements 15' is arranged as a ceiling finish.
each corner support 13 of the lower basic module 10 or 13 'of the upper basic module 10' contains an inner reinforcement cage or spacer cage 16 which is cast in concrete and can initially be of any construction , but is designed so that it ensures absolute dimensional accuracy as a prefabricated reinforcing part, whereby the stacking of the individual modules is guaranteed to fit exactly.
the structure of the reinforcement cage is made in the manner best shown in FIG. 4; for example - it is understood that this numerical specification is not mandatory - four corner bars 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are provided, which, if desired, can also be wrapped in a basket-like shape by further iron loops 21 to form the reinforcement basket, the Steel or iron corner bars running from top to bottom through each corner support 13, 13 'extend and, as already shown in FIG. 3, are connected at the top and bottom to the top plate 17 and base plate 18.
This reinforcement cage with head and foot plate is usefully prefabricated separately and brought to exact height accuracy, so that, as can be easily recognized, the surface of the respective head plate in conjunction with the surface of the foot plate that is usually flush with the floor concrete plate determine the height distance that a Module occupies, which then corresponds to a floor distance.
stiffening means are provided in the area of the reinforcement cage , which consist of vertical support beams, optionally supplemented by substantially horizontal stiffening elements.
the support bracket consists of a solid steel bracket 25, which is introduced into the reinforcement basket 16 and, for example, if desired, with the reinforcement bars 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d before casting Concrete can still be welded.
the steel angle need not penetrate the entire height of the corner support, but preferably extends downward only over a predetermined depth, as seen from the top plate 17, as can be seen, for example, from the sectional side view in FIG. 3. Due to the steel angle, which is also rigidly welded to the top plate in the upper area, the top plate is given an immovable, secure hold, especially because of the angular shape, so that any flexibility of the reinforcing bars is caught.
each steel bracket 25 in the corner support area can be further improved by arranging further stiffening elements, which have the shape of steel swords 26a, at right angles to one another, on the inner or outer surfaces of the steel bracket. May have 26b.
the steel swords 26a, 26b are also welded to the steel angle 25 and, since they are pulled up to the underside of the head plate 17, are welded to the latter and project with their lower edge, as can be seen at 27, into the ceiling concrete which lies in this area above the side walls 23 of the module or is in one piece with these.
parts of the reinforcement cage at the level of the ceiling, for example the steel angle reinforcement 21, as shown at 21 ', in the ceiling concrete as extensions, as well as reinforcement steel or reinforcement bars, which are of course located in the prefabricated ceiling and floor concrete and which are general are designated by 28 (FIG. 3) for further stiffening in the area of each steel sword 26 and to bring them into abutment and at the same time to weld them onto the sword, as indicated at 29.
the steel angle reinforcement 21 as shown at 21 '
reinforcement steel or reinforcement bars which are of course located in the prefabricated ceiling and floor concrete and which are general are designated by 28 (FIG. 3) for further stiffening in the area of each steel sword 26 and to bring them into abutment and at the same time to weld them onto the sword, as indicated at 29.
the steel swords are mainly used to stiffen the transport and to hold the respective module for its transport; anyway, they are only located in the four corner areas of the ceiling construction and therefore preferably have a suitably designed eye or a bore 30, which is used for receiving a crane hook or the like.
connection reinforcement in a suitable form protrudes upward from the prefabricated concrete ceiling of each module, which is designated 31 in FIG. 3 and is indicated as a simple triangle.
corner-side reinforced concrete columns which in turn contain the compression or tension rods as well as the reinforcement cage comprising the mesh 21
a very stable basic construction of a module results even if Side walls are completely or partially recessed, whereby the angle profile bars in the head plate area - in the area of the foot plate, as mentioned above, are unnecessary - serve to ensure stability during transport, moving and lifting the modules.
This stability is further improved by the fact that steel angles and the steel swords coming from them are concreted in and welded to the top plate and to one another and to the steel reinforcement of the ceiling.
each base plate serves to introduce the grouting concrete after the respective upper module has been applied with its base plates to the top plates of the lower module.
the cast concrete is poured in through these openings, of which two different types, namely so-called inspection openings 32 and concreting openings 33, are shown in the plan view of FIG. 1, the inspection openings of course also being able to be used for concreting.
the respective inspection and concreting openings in the bottoms of the modules can be arranged in any arbitrary, that is, indiscriminately, and they can, as shown at 33, have a square larger cross section or, as shown at 32, a round smaller cross section, in any case Openings 32 are provided in the corner areas, also for precise inspection that the corner support areas are filled with concrete as possible without cavities. So it is after placing an upper connection module through the bottom openings 32, 33 for the production of the continuous Poured concrete level poured concrete, the openings are also large enough to introduce appropriate (vibration) compressors into the concrete to be poured.
This grouting concrete level encloses the upward protruding connection reinforcement in each ceiling and also fills, as can be easily seen, the respective concreting and inspection openings 32, 33 in the base plates of the connection module flush to the surface, which still makes a significant contribution to static stability and Realization of a monostructure of the building, nevertheless consisting of individual parts.
the filled inspection and concreting openings so to speak, form plugs which develop a stabilizing and anchoring effect, so that this also improves and favors the one-piece connection of the entire building.
the invention enables further preferred configurations, which are based, for example, on the fact that the respective head plate 17 can basically be set at any height, so that it is possible, as shown in FIG. 5, in addition to the grouting concrete level 24, an installation level of any height as required to be provided by elevation in the top plate area, which is denoted by 34 in FIG. 5 and is at a distance B (in principle any distance) from the lower grouting concrete level or from the lower surface of the bottom of the attached module.
a formwork 36 is required, which can be designed, for example, as a round steel tube such as the circle with reference to the detail "A" in FIG. 1 marking the corner support area to be filled.
the formwork 36 for complete backfilling in the corner pillar area; it only needs to be so strong that it prevents the concrete from solidifying from flowing too far until it solidifies.
the floor openings for the introduction of at least the grouting concrete level it can be carried out in such a way that larger openings are used for rapid filling and smaller openings are used for refilling, whereby air can also escape from the intermediate space. It is important to ensure that casting is carried out precisely in the corner areas so that reinforcing steel, which tends to corrode, is not exposed. This can be easily mastered.
With suitably designed formwork it is also possible to carry out the grouting concrete level and the filling only in the corner support area at the same time.
a further embodiment of the present invention is that in any case, the grouting concrete level offers a problem-free possibility of inserting further precast concrete parts, for example on both sides or on one side, into the module grouting level, the one-sided insertion of the precast element in the grouting concrete level, for example in balconies and the like.
the other side can also be designed as a conventional end support (support, wall, etc.).
a use for this possibility arises in the production of corridors, fixation of stairs and.
the possibility is shown specifically, directly in the grouting concrete level 24 to bring in a concrete reinforcement 40 having its own reinforcement 39, which can be, for example, a balcony.
variable floor structure 43, 44 can be implemented both in the module interior 42 and on the precast concrete part, it being possible to arrange an elastic insulation strip 45 between the inserted extension 40a and the attached module.
each module is basically 6.06 m, a grid dimension, which results if three widths are placed side by side with the corresponding tolerances, each of which is 2.01 m wide. If a maximum width of 2.44 m is used as a basis for the basic module - this is a width that enables normal road transport without special measures - then - among others - there are, for example, those in Fig.
Combinations are possible, i.e. a module width of 2.44 m with two laterally attached modules, each with a width of 1.80 m, which, including the tolerances of 1 cm, results in a width of 6.06 m and a length of 6.06 m , whereby a lower, cross-placed module can still be attached.
a module width of 2.44 m with two laterally attached modules, each with a width of 1.80 m, which, including the tolerances of 1 cm, results in a width of 6.06 m and a length of 6.06 m , whereby a lower, cross-placed module can still be attached.
the basic module is then either open on four sides or can be increasingly closed in the side wall area, with openings such as windows, doors and. Like. Can be positioned in the finished part as desired.

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Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Architecture (AREA)
Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Electromagnetism (AREA)
Civil Engineering (AREA)
Structural Engineering (AREA)
Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
Building Environments (AREA)
Sewage (AREA)
Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

EP91108938A 1991-05-14 1991-05-31 Verfahren und vorgefertigtes Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden Expired - Lifetime EP0515724B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE4115643		1991-05-14
DE4115643A DE4115643A1 (de)	1991-05-14	1991-05-14	Verfahren und vorgefertigter modul zur herstellung von bauwerken und gebaeuden

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP0515724A1 EP0515724A1 (de)	1992-12-02
EP0515724B1 true EP0515724B1 (de)	1996-07-31

Family

ID=6431599

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP91108938A Expired - Lifetime EP0515724B1 (de)	1991-05-14	1991-05-31	Verfahren und vorgefertigtes Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden

Country Status (6)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP0515724B1 (es)
AT (1)	ATE140993T1 (es)
DE (2)	DE4115643A1 (es)
DK (1)	DK0515724T3 (es)
ES (1)	ES2090175T3 (es)
GR (1)	GR3021485T3 (es)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE4121253C2 (de) *	1991-06-27	1996-11-28	Eberhard Schrade	Verfahren und vorgefertigter Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden
DE4239057C2 (de) *	1992-11-20	1997-02-13	Eberhard Schrade	Verfahren und vorgefertigter Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden
DE4332793C1 (de) *	1993-09-27	1995-01-12	Eberhard Schrade	Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und vorgefertigter Modul
US7185467B2 (en)	2003-10-06	2007-03-06	Oscar Marty	Modular system of permanent forms for casting reinforced concrete buildings on site
ES2333636B1 (es)	2008-10-10	2011-03-11	Angel Moreno Cano	Modulo semirresistente prefabricado para construccion y procedimientode montaje en obra del mismo.
CN118523031B (zh) *	2024-07-22	2024-09-27	长安绿电科技有限公司	便携式储能装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE2210342A1 (de) *	1972-03-03	1973-09-13	Modulbau Ag	Raumzelle aus bewehrtem beton fuer den fertigbau
DE2720368A1 (de) *	1977-05-06	1978-11-16	Systems Concept	Fertigbauteil, verfahren zum herstellen eines gebaeudes aus diesen fertigbauteilen und daraus hergestelltes gebaeude
GB2009811A (en) *	1977-12-09	1979-06-20	Bell T	Improvements relating to building modules and prefabricated building panels for such modules
US4435927A (en) *	1981-06-19	1984-03-13	Misawa Homes K.K.	Modular building structure and module for it
DD252096A3 (de) *	1985-08-06	1987-12-09	Ost Bau Montage	Raumelement

1991
- 1991-05-14 DE DE4115643A patent/DE4115643A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-05-31 ES ES91108938T patent/ES2090175T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-31 DE DE59108053T patent/DE59108053D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-31 AT AT91108938T patent/ATE140993T1/de active
- 1991-05-31 EP EP91108938A patent/EP0515724B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-31 DK DK91108938.1T patent/DK0515724T3/da active
1996
- 1996-10-25 GR GR960402844T patent/GR3021485T3/el unknown

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
ATE140993T1 (de)	1996-08-15
DE4115643A1 (de)	1992-11-19
ES2090175T3 (es)	1996-10-16
DE59108053D1 (de)	1996-09-05
DK0515724T3 (da)	1996-12-02
GR3021485T3 (en)	1997-01-31
EP0515724A1 (de)	1992-12-02

Publication	Publication Date	Title
DE2354316C2 (de)	1984-06-20	Gebäude aus Fertigbauteilen
DE3003446A1 (de)	1981-08-06	Verfahren zur herstellung von tragenden waenden, decken o.dgl. und hohlbauelement zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE1658991A1 (de)	1970-12-10	Baukonstruktion und Verfahren und Mittel zu ihrer Herstellung
EP0515724B1 (de)	1996-07-31	Verfahren und vorgefertigtes Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden
EP0520084B1 (de)	1995-12-20	Verfahren und vorgefertigter Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden
CH662849A5 (de)	1987-10-30	Verfahren zum herstellen eines gebaeudes und ein nach diesem verfahren hergestelltes gebaeude.
DE10005872C1 (de)	2001-07-19	Raumzelle und aus gleichartigen Raumzellen zusammengesetztes Gebäude
DE9105949U1 (de)	1991-08-08	Vorgefertigter Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden
DE9314567U1 (de)	1994-02-03	Vorgefertigter Modul
DE3925591A1 (de)	1990-03-29	Bausatz fuer die erstellung eines balkons
DE4332793C1 (de)	1995-01-12	Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und vorgefertigter Modul
DE4239057C2 (de)	1997-02-13	Verfahren und vorgefertigter Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden
DE959761C (de)	1957-03-14	Bauweise mit vereinheitlichten, vorgefertigten und raumhohen Wandteilen
DE861464C (de)	1953-01-05	Stahlbetonskelettbau
DE9107904U1 (de)	1991-09-26	Vorgefertigter transportabler Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden
DE19820138A1 (de)	1999-11-11	Bauelement und Hausmodul aus mehreren Bauelementen
DE2636168A1 (de)	1978-02-16	Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erstellen von bauwerken
DE822607C (de)	1951-11-26	Verfahren zur Errichtung von Gebaeuden
DE9215776U1 (de)	1993-01-07	Vorgefertigter Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden
AT230069B (de)	1963-11-11	Bauwerk
DE102006001843B4 (de)	2011-04-14	Schweinestall-Bausatz
DE2925354A1 (de)	1981-01-15	Haus aus tragenden stahlbetonfertigteilen
DE2627261A1 (de)	1977-12-29	Wandkonstruktion mit vorgefertigten wandelementen
DE10121864B4 (de)	2005-10-06	Drempelwandvorrichtung
DE804474C (de)	1951-04-23	Verfahren und Mauerwerk zur Errichtung von Bauten

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