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EP0580463A2 - Foils for medium and large ships - Google Patents

Foils for medium and large ships Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0580463A2
EP0580463A2 EP93401514A EP93401514A EP0580463A2 EP 0580463 A2 EP0580463 A2 EP 0580463A2 EP 93401514 A EP93401514 A EP 93401514A EP 93401514 A EP93401514 A EP 93401514A EP 0580463 A2 EP0580463 A2 EP 0580463A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fin
hub
glass
wick
rudder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93401514A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0580463A3 (en
Inventor
J. Yves Le Lan
Daniel Carriou
Robert Equilbec
Georges Hamel
Bernard Hautot
Emile Richard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Etat Francais
Original Assignee
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Etat Francais
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Direction General pour lArmement DGA, Etat Francais filed Critical Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Publication of EP0580463A2 publication Critical patent/EP0580463A2/en
Publication of EP0580463A3 publication Critical patent/EP0580463A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/38—Rudders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B63B39/06—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to rudders in general: stabilization rudders for surface ships, steering rudders, and diving rudders for submarines.
  • the stabilization rudders which make it possible to limit the amplitudes in roll can have a tilting flap transmitting localized forces to the fin itself.
  • the rudders are made entirely of metal. They comprise a mechanically welded framework on which the hydrodynamic envelope is mounted, obtained by welding sheets previously formed in the hot state.
  • the interface with the drill bit is made by a solid piece, made by molding, the surfaces of which are machined.
  • the steel drill bit is forged and then machined.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks, namely to significantly reduce the mass of such rudders and to make their manufacture less workable by eliminating hot forming, by the use of composite materials.
  • the invention consists of a rudder comprising a fin which can be oriented around a wick, characterized in that the fin has a metal frame integral with the interface with the wick, framework beyond which it is formed by molding a foam, the assembly being coated with an envelope of glass-resin composite material.
  • the stabilization rudder according to the invention of Figs. 1 to 5 comprises a main fin 1, extended along its rear edge 1a by an articulated flap 2. Note that it may also be, subject possibly to some modifications of detail, a diving rudder of submarine.
  • the invention relates more specifically to the fin 1, since the flap 2, because of its small dimensions can be of conventional design, that is to say metallic. It will therefore not be described in more detail below.
  • Fin 1 is connected to vessel N, Fig. 1, by a wick M oriented longitudinally relative to it.
  • the interface with the drill bit M consists of a hub 3. It is a cast steel part having a frustoconical recess 30 in which is fitted the corresponding end of the drill bit M.
  • the hub 3 has upper and lower faces, respectively 31 and 32, being at the level of those of the fin and, consequently, having the curve.
  • Fig. 4 it can also be seen that at the level of these upper and lower faces 31, 32, there is provision on each side of the slightly projecting upper and lower wings, such as 33.
  • the fin 1 consists of a metal beam 4 welded to the hub 3 and extending it over practically the entire length, of a double foam part, marked 5a from the beam to the rear edge the , and 5b from the beam to the leading edge 1b, this assembly being coated with an envelope 6 of a glass-resin composite.
  • the beam 4 has, like the fin 1, a substantially constant width while its height decreases regularly with that of the hub 3, from the root 1c.
  • it is formed of two vertical walls 40, 41 whose upper faces are in the extension of those of the hub 3, FIG. 2, an upper wall 42 and a lower wall 43.
  • a partition 44 at some distance from the hub 3 defines a box 45 opened by a hatch 46 in the lower wall.
  • On the other side of the partition 44 is thus formed another box 47 closed at its distal end by an element 48 in which is mounted a pivot 7 used for manufacturing.
  • the upper 42 and lower 43 walls protrude on each side relative to the vertical walls 40, 41, and transversely, they have the curve of the fin, Fig. 2.
  • the body of the fin is formed at 5a, 5b by molding a foam. It can be a syntactic foam which has the advantage of not absorbing water and which is able to withstand high pressures.
  • the body of the fin thus formed is then wrapped in a glass-resin composite coating, additional folds being preferably provided in certain places, in particular around the leading edge 1b.
  • the fin also has bosses 8 along its rear edge la, for articulation with the flap 2.
  • bosses are produced separately from the body consisting of 4, 5a and 5b, and then assembled with him. They essentially comprise a metallic or synthetic material bearing 80, surrounded by a glass-resin composite coating 81.
  • the assemblies 80, 81 come to be embedded in locations made for this purpose in the edge of the rear foam part 5a during molding. They are assembled to it in the manner illustrated in FIG. 3, by superposition of plies of glass-resin composite 9 which surround them and extend over and under the body 5a.
  • bodies or anchoring blocks 11 for slinging pins respectively near the root 1c and near the distal end of the fin 1. They are fixed to internal arms 10, of which two from the hub 3, on either side, and two others from the same beam 4.
  • the main phases of manufacturing fin 1 are as follows:
  • the metal frame comprising the hub 3, the beam 4, the connections 10 and the blocks 11 is positioned in the mold where the syntactic foam is poured to produce the bodies 5a, 5b, which extend on each side of the hub and of the beam, caught between the high and low protruding parts of the walls 40 and 41, and between the corresponding high and low wings 33 of the hub 3.
  • the location of the hatch 46 is protected by a film.
  • the body of the fin thus obtained is removed from the mold, then a coating of glass-resin composite is produced at the location of the bosses, necessary for their holding.
  • the body of the fin is mounted on a tool, held by the hub 3 and the pivot 7, so that it can rotate about a horizontal axis.
  • the same tool makes it possible to present the bosses 8 at their respective locations.
  • a slight space 12 between them and the body 5a, FIG. 2 is filled with a glass-resin filling and wedging composite, after which the lamination can be implemented.
  • the fin 1 is laminated by wrapping, taking care to uncross the joints.
  • the exterior surface can be improved by applying a coating.
  • Figs. 6 to 9 The embodiment of Figs. 6 to 9 is a rudder rudder, held by a wick and a spur passing through the butt of the ship, not shown. It is of the compensation type in the sense that at the bottom of the fin, part of it is on the other side of the axis of rotation X'-X 'relative to its main part.
  • the fin 1 'of this rudder has a metal frame 4' over at least a large part of its height. It is likewise welded to the wick hub 3 ', as well as to the spur hub 13'. From the 4 ′ frame, the fin body is formed by molding syntactic foam in 5 ′, the assembly being coated with a 6 ′ envelope in glass-resin composite. Preferably, the part 5 ′ of the fin is bordered externally, at least on its front, rear and lower sides, by an surround or hip 8 ′ made of molded glass-resin composite.
  • the main part of the framework 4 ' is a vertical rectilinear structure 40' on the front of which are the hubs 3 'and 13' which are cast steel parts.
  • the structure 40 ′ is an assembly of horizontal plates 41 ′ a to 41 ′ f joined by plates aligned vertically in two continuous rows 42 ′ and 43 ′, which extend under the lower plate 41 ′ f.
  • the structure 40 ′ therefore defines, between the rows 42 ′ and 43 ′ of substantially parallelepipedic boxes superimposed, closed by lateral metallic webs 44 ′ which will be described in more detail later.
  • the hub 3 ' has a conical recess 30' of reception of the drill bit, with an oblong keying hole 31 '. In its front part, it follows the shape of the fin 1 ', and towards the rear, it has an upper wing 32' and a lower wing 33 'of the same width as the front of the plates 42'a and 42' b which are welded to them.
  • the upper vertical plate of the row 43 ' is disposed between the wings 32' and 33 '.
  • the hub of the spur 13 ' has, like the hub 3', a frustoconical recess with oblong keyhole. It also has upper and lower rear wings 132 ′ and 133 ′, as well as symmetrical wings at the front.
  • the horizontal plates 41'e and 41'f are respectively welded to the rear wings 132 'and 133'.
  • the bottom plate of the row 43 ′ is also welded, the one immediately above being therefore between the two wings 132 ′ and 133 ′.
  • a vertical plate 46 ' is also welded between the front wings of the hub 13', above another vertical plate welded to the lower wing.
  • the frame 4 ′ also includes under the hub 3 ′ a box with a single vertical wall 47 ′ shaped like the rounded front of the fin, welded to the lower periphery of the hub 3 ′ and joining the side sails 44 ′.
  • the wall 47 ′ has a hatch 48 ′ used for the positioning of the spur.
  • the base of the box is constituted by a relatively thick plate 49 ′, also having a hatch, and welded at the end of the plate 41 ′.
  • the manufacture of the fin 1 ' comprises the same essential phases as that of the saffron fin of stabilization previously exposed, namely that the framework 4 ′ is first positioned in a mold in which the syntactic foam is cast in 5 ′, between the protruding parts of the sails 44 ′ and around the rear extensions of the plates 41 ′ b to 41 'f. It will be noted that the lower part of the structure 40 ′ can be opened so that the foam penetrates inside, which makes it possible to undersize the thickness of the sheets 42 ′ and 43 ′ below the plate 41 ′ f , compared to those above.
  • the surround or hip 8 'in molded glass-resin composite is produced, then the envelope 6' by draping, the fin 1 'being carried on a suitable support by its pivots 7', capable of pivoting around a horizontal axis.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to all kinds of fins: for steering, stabilisation, and also for diving for submarines. Its object is to make them more lightweight and less demanding to manufacture by using composite materials. According to the invention, the wing (1') of these fins includes a metal framework (4') integral with the interface (3') with the spindle, allowing them to be directed, beyond which framework it is formed by moulding a foam (5'). The whole is covered with a glass-resin composite shell (6'). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne des safrans en général : safrans de stabilisation pour navires de surface, safrans de direction, et safrans de plongée pour sous-marins.The present invention relates to rudders in general: stabilization rudders for surface ships, steering rudders, and diving rudders for submarines.

Dans tous les cas, il s'agit d'ailerons orientables à partir du navire par l'intermédiaire d'une mèche. Les safrans de stabilisation qui permettent de limiter les amplitudes en roulis peuvent posséder un volet inclinable transmettant des efforts localisés à l'aileron proprement dit.In all cases, these are fins which can be oriented from the ship by means of a drill bit. The stabilization rudders which make it possible to limit the amplitudes in roll can have a tilting flap transmitting localized forces to the fin itself.

Actuellement, pour les navires au-delà d'un certain tonnage, les safrans sont entièrement métalliques. Ils comportent une ossature mécano-soudée sur laquelle est montée l'enveloppe hydrodynamique, obtenue par soudage de tôles préalablement formées à chaud. L'interface avec la mèche se fait par pièce massive.réalisée par moulage, dont les surfaces sont usinées. La mèche, en acier, est forgée puis usinée.Currently, for ships above a certain tonnage, the rudders are made entirely of metal. They comprise a mechanically welded framework on which the hydrodynamic envelope is mounted, obtained by welding sheets previously formed in the hot state. The interface with the drill bit is made by a solid piece, made by molding, the surfaces of which are machined. The steel drill bit is forged and then machined.

Cette solution est onéreuse et met en oeuvre des procédés de fabrication pénibles, notamment le formage à chaud. D'autre part, elle aboutit à des produits très lourds, dans un domaine où le gain de poids est intéressant.This solution is expensive and implements painful manufacturing processes, in particular hot forming. On the other hand, it leads to very heavy products, in an area where weight gain is interesting.

Le but de l'invention est de pallier ces inconvénients, soit de réduire sensiblement la masse de tels safrans et de rendre leur fabrication moins ouvrageuse en éliminant le formage à chaud, par l'utilisation de matériaux composites.The object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks, namely to significantly reduce the mass of such rudders and to make their manufacture less workable by eliminating hot forming, by the use of composite materials.

Plus précisément, l'invention consiste en un safran comprenant un aileron orientable autour d'une mèche, caractérisé en ce que l'aileron comporte une ossature métallique solidaire de l'interface avec la mèche, ossature au-delà de laquelle il est formé par moulage d'une mousse, l'ensemble étant revêtu d'une enveloppe en matériau composite verre-résine.More specifically, the invention consists of a rudder comprising a fin which can be oriented around a wick, characterized in that the fin has a metal frame integral with the interface with the wick, framework beyond which it is formed by molding a foam, the assembly being coated with an envelope of glass-resin composite material.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide des explications qui vont suivre et des dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue en plan d'un safran de stabilisation,
  • la Fig. 2 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne II-II de la Fig. 1,
  • la Fig. 3 est une vue en coupe, à échelle agrandie par rapport à la Fig. 2, selon la ligne III-III de la Fig. 1,
  • les Figs. 4 et 5 sont respectivement une vue en coupe horizontale et une vue en coupe verticale, selon l'axe de la mèche, du même safran de stabilisation,
  • la Fig. 6 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale d'un safran de direction, et
  • les Figs. 7 à 9 sont des coupes horizontales respectivement selon les lignes VII-VII, VIII-VIII et IX-IX de la Fig. 6.
The invention will be better understood using the explanations which follow and the appended drawings, in which:
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of a stabilization rudder,
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view along line II-II of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale with respect to FIG. 2, along line III-III of FIG. 1,
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a view in horizontal section and a view in vertical section, along the axis of the drill bit, of the same stabilization rudder,
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view in vertical section of a steering rudder, and
  • Figs. 7 to 9 are horizontal sections respectively along lines VII-VII, VIII-VIII and IX-IX of FIG. 6.

Le safran de stabilisation conforme à l'invention des Figs. 1 à 5 comporte un aileron principal 1, prolongé le long de son bord arrière la par un volet articulé 2. A noter qu'il peut s'agir également, sous réserve éventuellement de quelques modifications de détail, d'un safran de plongée de sous-marin.The stabilization rudder according to the invention of Figs. 1 to 5 comprises a main fin 1, extended along its rear edge 1a by an articulated flap 2. Note that it may also be, subject possibly to some modifications of detail, a diving rudder of submarine.

L'invention concerne plus spécialement l'aileron 1, étant donné que le volet 2, du fait de ses petites dimensions peut être de conception classique, c'est-à-dire métallique. Il ne sera donc pas décrit plus en détail dans la suite.The invention relates more specifically to the fin 1, since the flap 2, because of its small dimensions can be of conventional design, that is to say metallic. It will therefore not be described in more detail below.

L'aileron 1 est relié au navire N, Fig. 1, par une mèche M axée longitudinalement par rapport à lui. L'interface avec la mèche M consiste en un moyeu 3. Il s'agit d'une pièce en acier moulé présentant un évidement tronconique 30 dans lequel est emmanchée l'extrémité correspondante de la mèche M. A la Fig. 5, on remarque que le moyeu 3 a des faces supérieure et inférieure, respectivement 31 et 32, se trouvant au niveau de celles de l'aileron et, par conséquent, en ayant le galbe. A la Fig. 4, on voit de plus qu'au niveau de ces faces supérieure et inférieure 31, 32, il est prévu de chaque côté des ailes supérieure et inférieure légèrement débordantes, telles que 33.Fin 1 is connected to vessel N, Fig. 1, by a wick M oriented longitudinally relative to it. The interface with the drill bit M consists of a hub 3. It is a cast steel part having a frustoconical recess 30 in which is fitted the corresponding end of the drill bit M. In FIG. 5, we note that the hub 3 has upper and lower faces, respectively 31 and 32, being at the level of those of the fin and, consequently, having the curve. In Fig. 4, it can also be seen that at the level of these upper and lower faces 31, 32, there is provision on each side of the slightly projecting upper and lower wings, such as 33.

Conformément à l'invention, l'aileron 1 se compose d'une poutre métallique 4 soudée au moyeu 3 et le prolongeant sur pratiquement toute la longueur, d'une double partie en mousse, repérée 5a de la poutre jusqu'au bord arrière la, et 5b de la poutre jusqu'au bord d'attaque 1b, cet ensemble étant revêtu d'une enveloppe 6 en un composite verre-résine.According to the invention, the fin 1 consists of a metal beam 4 welded to the hub 3 and extending it over practically the entire length, of a double foam part, marked 5a from the beam to the rear edge the , and 5b from the beam to the leading edge 1b, this assembly being coated with an envelope 6 of a glass-resin composite.

Comme on le voit aux Figs. 4 et 5, la poutre 4 a, comme l'aileron 1, une largeur sensiblement constante tandis que sa hauteur décroît régulièrement avec celle du moyeu 3, à partir de l'emplanture 1c. En pratique, elle est formée de deux parois verticales 40, 41 dont les faces supérieures sont dans le prolongement de celles du moyeu 3, Fig. 2, d'une paroi supérieure 42 et d'une paroi inférieure 43. Une cloison 44 à quelque distance du moyeu 3 définit un caisson 45 ouvert par une trappe 46 dans la paroi inférieure. De l'autre côté de la cloison 44 est ainsi formé un autre caisson 47 fermé à son extrémité distale par un élément 48 dans lequel est monté un pivot 7 servant à la fabrication.As seen in Figs. 4 and 5, the beam 4 has, like the fin 1, a substantially constant width while its height decreases regularly with that of the hub 3, from the root 1c. In practice, it is formed of two vertical walls 40, 41 whose upper faces are in the extension of those of the hub 3, FIG. 2, an upper wall 42 and a lower wall 43. A partition 44 at some distance from the hub 3 defines a box 45 opened by a hatch 46 in the lower wall. On the other side of the partition 44 is thus formed another box 47 closed at its distal end by an element 48 in which is mounted a pivot 7 used for manufacturing.

D'autre part, les parois supérieure 42 et inférieure 43 débordent de chaque côté par rapport aux parois verticales 40, 41, et transversalement, elles ont le galbe de l'aileron, Fig. 2.On the other hand, the upper 42 and lower 43 walls protrude on each side relative to the vertical walls 40, 41, and transversely, they have the curve of the fin, Fig. 2.

De chaque côté de la poutre 4, le corps de l'aileron est formé en 5a, 5b par moulage d'une mousse. Il peut s'agir d'une mousse syntactique qui a l'avantage de ne pas absorber l'eau et qui est capable de résister à des pressions élevées. Le corps de l'aileron ainsi formé est alors enrubanné d'un revêtement composite verre- résine, des plis supplémentaires étant prévus de préférence en certains endroits, notamment autour du bord d'attaque 1b.On each side of the beam 4, the body of the fin is formed at 5a, 5b by molding a foam. It can be a syntactic foam which has the advantage of not absorbing water and which is able to withstand high pressures. The body of the fin thus formed is then wrapped in a glass-resin composite coating, additional folds being preferably provided in certain places, in particular around the leading edge 1b.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté, l'aileron comporte de plus des bossages 8 le long de son bord arrière la, pour l'articulation avec le volet 2. Ces bossages sont réalisés séparément du corps constitué de 4, 5a et 5b, et ensuite assemblés avec lui. Ils comportent essentiellement un palier métallique ou en matériau de synthèse 80, entouré d'un revêtement composite verre-résine 81. Les ensembles 80, 81 viennent s'encastrer en des emplacements ménagés à cet effet dans le bord de la partie arrière en mousse 5a lors du moulage. Ils sont assemblés à celle-ci de la manière illustrée à la Fig. 3, par superposition de plis de composite verre-résine 9 qui les entourent et se prolongent sur et sous le corps 5a.In the embodiment shown, the fin also has bosses 8 along its rear edge la, for articulation with the flap 2. These bosses are produced separately from the body consisting of 4, 5a and 5b, and then assembled with him. They essentially comprise a metallic or synthetic material bearing 80, surrounded by a glass-resin composite coating 81. The assemblies 80, 81 come to be embedded in locations made for this purpose in the edge of the rear foam part 5a during molding. They are assembled to it in the manner illustrated in FIG. 3, by superposition of plies of glass-resin composite 9 which surround them and extend over and under the body 5a.

A la Fig. 4, apparaissent en outre des corps ou blocs d'ancrage 11 pour des pitons d'élingage, respectivement près de l'emplanture 1c et près de l'extrémité distale de l'aileron 1. Ils sont fixés à des bras internes 10, dont deux sont issus du moyeu 3, de part et d'autre, et deux autres issus de même de la poutre 4.In Fig. 4, there also appear bodies or anchoring blocks 11 for slinging pins, respectively near the root 1c and near the distal end of the fin 1. They are fixed to internal arms 10, of which two from the hub 3, on either side, and two others from the same beam 4.

Les principales phases de fabrication de l'aileron 1 sont les suivantes :The main phases of manufacturing fin 1 are as follows:

Tout d'abord, l'ossature métallique comprenant le moyeu 3, la poutre 4, les liaisons 10 et les blocs 11 est positionnée dans le moule où est coulée la mousse syntactique pour réaliser les corps 5a, 5b, lesquels s'étendent de chaque côté du moyeu et de la poutre, pris entre les parties débordantes hautes et basses des parois 40 et 41, et entre les ailes hautes et basses correspondantes 33 du moyeu 3. Préalablement au moulage, l'emplacement de la trappe 46 est protégé par un film.First, the metal frame comprising the hub 3, the beam 4, the connections 10 and the blocks 11 is positioned in the mold where the syntactic foam is poured to produce the bodies 5a, 5b, which extend on each side of the hub and of the beam, caught between the high and low protruding parts of the walls 40 and 41, and between the corresponding high and low wings 33 of the hub 3. Prior to molding, the location of the hatch 46 is protected by a film.

Le corps de l'aileron ainsi obtenu est démoulé, puis un revêtement en composite verre-résine est réalisé à l'emplacement des bossages, nécessaire à leur tenue.The body of the fin thus obtained is removed from the mold, then a coating of glass-resin composite is produced at the location of the bosses, necessary for their holding.

Ensuite, le corps de l'aileron est monté sur un outillage, tenu par le moyeu 3 et le pivot 7, pour qu'il puisse tourner autour d'un axe horizontal. Le même outil permet de présenter les bossages 8 à leurs emplacements respectifs. Après calage en position des bossages 8, un léger espace 12 entre eux et le corps 5a, Fig. 2, est comblé avec un composite verre-résine de remplissage et de calage, suite à quoi la stratification peut être mise en oeuvre. On procède alors à l'entourage des bossages avec les plis 9 dont les renforts sont par exemple de type "Roving" de 580 g/m², sur toute la hauteur de la dépression ménagée à cet effet sur et sous le corps 5a pour obtenir une épaisseur suffisante autour de chaque bossage. On notera qu'autour des bossages 8, les fibres des plis 9 sont ininterrompues.Then, the body of the fin is mounted on a tool, held by the hub 3 and the pivot 7, so that it can rotate about a horizontal axis. The same tool makes it possible to present the bosses 8 at their respective locations. After wedging the bosses 8 in position, a slight space 12 between them and the body 5a, FIG. 2, is filled with a glass-resin filling and wedging composite, after which the lamination can be implemented. We then proceed to surround the bosses with the folds 9 whose reinforcements are for example of the "Roving" type of 580 g / m², over the entire height of the depression provided for this purpose on and under the body 5a to obtain a sufficient thickness around each boss. Note that around the bosses 8, the fibers of the folds 9 are uninterrupted.

On procède enfin à la stratification de l'aileron 1 par enrubannage, en prenant soin de décroiser les joints. La surface extérieure peut être améliorée par application d'un enduit.Finally, the fin 1 is laminated by wrapping, taking care to uncross the joints. The exterior surface can be improved by applying a coating.

L'exemple de réalisation des Figs. 6 à 9 est un safran de direction, tenu par une mèche et un aiguillot passant dans la crosse du navire, non montrés. Il est du type à compensation en ce sens que dans le bas de l'aileron, une partie de celui-ci se trouve de l'autre côté de l'axe de rotation X'-X' par rapport à sa partie principale.The embodiment of Figs. 6 to 9 is a rudder rudder, held by a wick and a spur passing through the butt of the ship, not shown. It is of the compensation type in the sense that at the bottom of the fin, part of it is on the other side of the axis of rotation X'-X 'relative to its main part.

Comme dans le cas précédent, l'aileron 1' de ce safran comporte une ossature métallique 4' sur au moins une grande partie de sa hauteur. Elle est de même soudée au moyeu de mèche 3', ainsi qu'au moyeu d'aiguillot 13'. A partir de l'ossature 4', le corps de l'aileron est formé par moulage de mousse syntactique en 5', l'ensemble étant revêtu d'une enveloppe 6' en composite verre-résine. De préférence, la partie 5' de l'aileron est bordée extérieurement, au moins sur ses côtés avant, arrière et inférieur, par un entourage ou arêtier 8' en composite verre-résine moulé.As in the previous case, the fin 1 'of this rudder has a metal frame 4' over at least a large part of its height. It is likewise welded to the wick hub 3 ', as well as to the spur hub 13'. From the 4 ′ frame, the fin body is formed by molding syntactic foam in 5 ′, the assembly being coated with a 6 ′ envelope in glass-resin composite. Preferably, the part 5 ′ of the fin is bordered externally, at least on its front, rear and lower sides, by an surround or hip 8 ′ made of molded glass-resin composite.

La partie principale de l'ossature 4' est une structure rectiligne verticale 40' sur l'avant de laquelle se trouvent les moyeux 3' et 13' qui sont des pièces en acier moulé. La structure 40' est un assemblage de plaque horizontales 41'a à 41'f réunies par des plaques alignées verticalement en deux rangées continues 42' et 43', lesquelles se prolongent sous la plaque inférieure 41'f. La structure 40' définit donc entre les rangées 42' et 43' des caissons sensiblement parallélépipédiques superposés, fermés par des voiles métalliques latéraux 44' qui seront décrits plus en détail ultérieurement. Le dernier caisson, au-dessous de la plaque inférieure 41'f, est fermé par une plaque 45' à laquelle est fixée un pivot 7' servant à la fabrication, un second pivot identique 7' étant monté sur la plaque 41'a. D'autre part, les plaques 41'a à 41'f se prolongent vers l'arrière à partir desdits caissons, étant découpées pour épouser latéralement la forme de la section de l'aileron, Fig. 8.The main part of the framework 4 'is a vertical rectilinear structure 40' on the front of which are the hubs 3 'and 13' which are cast steel parts. The structure 40 ′ is an assembly of horizontal plates 41 ′ a to 41 ′ f joined by plates aligned vertically in two continuous rows 42 ′ and 43 ′, which extend under the lower plate 41 ′ f. The structure 40 ′ therefore defines, between the rows 42 ′ and 43 ′ of substantially parallelepipedic boxes superimposed, closed by lateral metallic webs 44 ′ which will be described in more detail later. The last box, below the lower plate 41'f, is closed by a plate 45 'to which is fixed a pivot 7' used for manufacturing, a second identical pivot 7 'being mounted on the plate 41'a. On the other hand, the plates 41'a to 41'f extend rearwards from said boxes, being cut to laterally match the shape of the section of the fin, FIG. 8.

Le moyeu 3' comporte un évidement conique 30' de réception de la mèche, avec un trou oblong de clavetage 31'. Dans sa partie avant, il épouse la forme de l'aileron 1', et vers l'arrière, il comporte une aile supérieure 32' et une aile inférieure 33' de même largeur que l'avant des plaques 42'a et 42'b qui sont soudées à elles. La plaque verticale supérieure de la rangée 43' est disposée entre les ailes 32' et 33'.The hub 3 'has a conical recess 30' of reception of the drill bit, with an oblong keying hole 31 '. In its front part, it follows the shape of the fin 1 ', and towards the rear, it has an upper wing 32' and a lower wing 33 'of the same width as the front of the plates 42'a and 42' b which are welded to them. The upper vertical plate of the row 43 'is disposed between the wings 32' and 33 '.

Le moyeu d'aiguillot 13' comporte comme le moyeu 3' un évidement tronconique avec trou de clavetage oblong. Il comporte aussi des ailes arrière supérieure et inférieure 132' et 133', ainsi que des ailes symétriques à l'avant. Les plaques horizontales 41'e et 41'f sont respectivement soudées aux ailes arrière 132' et 133'. A l'aile inférieure 133', est également soudée la plaque inférieure de la rangée 43', celle qui est immédiatement au-dessus étant donc entre les deux ailes 132' et 133'. De l'autre côté, une plaque verticale 46' est également soudée entre les ailes avant du moyeu 13', au-dessus d'une autre plaque verticale soudée à l'aile inférieure.The hub of the spur 13 'has, like the hub 3', a frustoconical recess with oblong keyhole. It also has upper and lower rear wings 132 ′ and 133 ′, as well as symmetrical wings at the front. The horizontal plates 41'e and 41'f are respectively welded to the rear wings 132 'and 133'. At the lower wing 133 ′, the bottom plate of the row 43 ′ is also welded, the one immediately above being therefore between the two wings 132 ′ and 133 ′. On the other side, a vertical plate 46 'is also welded between the front wings of the hub 13', above another vertical plate welded to the lower wing.

Les voiles latéraux 44' enferment latéralement le moyeu 13' et l'ensemble des caissons. Comme le laissent apparaître les dessins, par rapport à ceux-ci, ils sont légèrement débordants.The side walls 44 'laterally enclose the hub 13' and all of the boxes. As the drawings show, in relation to these, they are slightly overflowing.

L'ossature 4' comporte également sous le moyeu 3' un caisson avec une unique paroi verticale 47' conformée de même que l'avant arrondi de l'aileron, soudée au pourtour inférieur du moyeu 3' et rejoignant les voiles latéraux 44'. La paroi 47' présente une trappe 48' servant à la mise en place de l'aiguillot. La base du caisson est constituée par une plaque relativement épaisse 49', présentant elle aussi une trappe, et soudée en bout de la plaque 41'd.The frame 4 ′ also includes under the hub 3 ′ a box with a single vertical wall 47 ′ shaped like the rounded front of the fin, welded to the lower periphery of the hub 3 ′ and joining the side sails 44 ′. The wall 47 ′ has a hatch 48 ′ used for the positioning of the spur. The base of the box is constituted by a relatively thick plate 49 ′, also having a hatch, and welded at the end of the plate 41 ′.

La fabrication de l'aileron 1' comprend les mêmes phases essentielles que celle de l'aileron de safran de stabilisation précédemment exposée, à savoir que l'ossature 4' est d'abord positionnée dans un moule où est coulée la mousse syntactique en 5', entre les parties débordantes des voiles 44' et autour des prolongements arrière des plaques 41'b à 41'f. On notera que la partie inférieure de la structure 40'peut être ouverte afin que la mousse pénètre à l'intérieur, ce qui permet de sous- dimensionner en épaisseur les tôles de 42' et 43' au-dessous de la plaque 41'f, par rapport à celles qui se trouvent au-dessus.The manufacture of the fin 1 'comprises the same essential phases as that of the saffron fin of stabilization previously exposed, namely that the framework 4 ′ is first positioned in a mold in which the syntactic foam is cast in 5 ′, between the protruding parts of the sails 44 ′ and around the rear extensions of the plates 41 ′ b to 41 'f. It will be noted that the lower part of the structure 40 ′ can be opened so that the foam penetrates inside, which makes it possible to undersize the thickness of the sheets 42 ′ and 43 ′ below the plate 41 ′ f , compared to those above.

Ensuite, l'entourage ou arêtier 8' en composite verre-résine moulé est réalisé, puis l'enveloppe 6' par drapage, l'aileron 1' étant porté sur un support approprié par ses pivots 7', apte à pivoter autour d'un axe horizontal.Then, the surround or hip 8 'in molded glass-resin composite is produced, then the envelope 6' by draping, the fin 1 'being carried on a suitable support by its pivots 7', capable of pivoting around a horizontal axis.

Claims (9)

1) Safran de stabilisation, ou de plongée pour sous-marin comprenant un aileron orientable autour d'une mèche, l'aileron (1) comportant une ossature métallique (4) solidaire de l'interface (3) avec la mèche, ossature au-delà de laquelle il est formé par moulage d'une mousse syntactique (5), l'ensemble étant ensuite revêtu d'une enveloppe (6) en composite verre-résine, safran caractérisé en ce que l'aileron (1) se compose d'une poutre métallique (4) soudée au moyeu (3) et le prolongeant sur pratiquement toute la longueur, et d'une double partie en mousse (5a, 5b), des deux côtés de la poutre (4); les parois supérieure et inférieure (42, 43) de la poutre (4) étant légèrement débordantes par rapport aux parois verticales (40, 41) et dans le prolongement des parois supérieure et inférieure du moyeu (3). 1) Stabilization or diving rudder for submarine comprising a fin which can be oriented around a wick, the fin (1) comprising a metal frame (4) integral with the interface (3) with the wick, frame at beyond which it is formed by molding a syntactic foam (5), the assembly then being coated with an envelope (6) of glass-resin composite, saffron characterized in that the fin (1) is composed a metal beam (4) welded to the hub (3) and extending it over practically the entire length, and a double foam part (5a, 5b), on both sides of the beam (4); the upper and lower walls (42, 43) of the beam (4) being slightly projecting with respect to the vertical walls (40, 41) and in the extension of the upper and lower walls of the hub (3). 2) Safran selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte sur l'aileron (1) des bossages (8) d'articulation d'un volet arrière (2), lesquels bossages comprennent un palier (80) entouré d'un composite verre-résine (81), les ensembles (80, 81) venant s'encastrer lors de la fabrication en des emplacements ménagés dans le bord de la partie arrière en mousse (5a), et étant assemblés à celle-ci par superposition de plis de composite verre-résine (9) les entourant et se prolongeant sur et sous la partie (5a). 2) rudder according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises on the fin (1) bosses (8) of articulation of a rear flap (2), which bosses comprise a bearing (80) surrounded by a composite glass-resin (81), the assemblies (80, 81) coming to be embedded during the manufacturing at locations provided in the edge of the rear foam part (5a), and being assembled to the latter by superposition of plies of glass-resin composite (9) surrounding them and extending over and under the part (5a). 3) Safran selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un revêtement en composite verre-résine est réalisé à l'emplacement des ensembles (80, 81) sur la partie (5a), préalablement à l'assemblage desdits ensembles. 3) Saffron according to claim 2, characterized in that a glass-resin composite coating is produced at the location of the assemblies (80, 81) on the part (5a), prior to the assembly of said assemblies. 4) Safran selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il est en outre prévu un espace (12) entre le corps (5a) et les bossages (8), comblé avec un composite verre-résine de remplissage et de calage. 4) Saffron according to claim 3, characterized in that there is further provided a space (12) between the body (5a) and the bosses (8), filled with a glass-resin filling and wedging composite. 5) Safran de direction suspendu au moyen d'une mèche et d'un aiguillot, l'aileron (1) comportant une ossature métallique (4') solidaire de l'interface (3') avec la mèche, ossature au-delà de laquelle il est formé par moulage d'une mousse syntactique (5'), l'ensemble étant ensuite revêtu d'une enveloppe (6') en composite verre-résine, safran caractérisé en ce que son ossature métallique (4') comprend en tant que partie principale une structure rectiligne verticale (40') sur l'avant de laquelle sont soudés le moyeu de mèche (3') et le moyeu d'aiguillot (13'). 5) Steering rudder suspended by means of a wick and a spur, the fin (1) comprising a metal frame (4 ') integral with the interface (3') with the wick, frame beyond which it is formed by molding a foam syntactic (5 '), the assembly then being coated with an envelope (6') of glass-resin composite, saffron characterized in that its metal framework (4 ') comprises as main part a vertical rectilinear structure (40 ') on the front of which are welded the wick hub (3') and the spur hub (13 '). 6) Safran selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la structure (40') est un assemblage de plaques horizontales (41'a à 41'f) réunies par des plaques alignées verticalement en deux rangées continues (42', 43'), lesquelles se prolongent sous la plaque inférieure (41'f), en ce que des voiles (44') ferment latéralement la structure (40'), et en ce que les plaques (41'a à 41'f) se prolongent vers l'arrière à partir de la rangée (42'). 6) rudder according to claim 5, characterized in that the structure (40 ') is an assembly of horizontal plates (41'a to 41'f) joined by plates aligned vertically in two continuous rows (42', 43 ') , which extend under the lower plate (41'f), in that webs (44 ') close the structure laterally (40'), and in that the plates (41'a to 41'f) extend towards the rear from the row (42 '). 7) Safran selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les voiles sont débordants par rapport aux parois (42', 43'). 7) rudder according to claim 6, characterized in that the sails project beyond the walls (42 ', 43'). 8) Safran selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'ossature métallique (4') comporte en outre, sous le moyeu de mèche (3'), un caisson avec une unique paroi verticale (47') soudée au pourtour inférieur du moyeu (3') et rejoignant les voiles latéraux (44'), et avec une plaque de base (49') relativement épaisse et soudée en bout de la plaque (41'd). 8) rudder according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the metal frame (4 ') further comprises, under the wick hub (3'), a box with a single vertical wall (47 ') welded to the lower periphery of the hub (3 ') and joining the side walls (44'), and with a relatively thick base plate (49 ') welded to the end of the plate (41'). 9) Safran selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un entourage ou arêtier (8') en composite verre-résine moulé borde extérieurement, sous l'enveloppe (6), la partie (5') en mousse, au moins le long de ses côtés avant, arrière et inférieur. 9) rudder according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that an entourage or hip (8 ') in molded glass-resin composite borders externally, under the envelope (6), the part (5') in foam, at least along its front, back and bottom sides.
EP19930401514 1992-06-17 1993-06-14 Foils for medium and large ships Withdrawn EP0580463A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9207347 1992-06-17
FR9207347A FR2692546B1 (en) 1992-06-17 1992-06-17 SAFRANS FOR MEDIUM AND LARGE TONNAGE VESSELS.

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EP0580463A2 true EP0580463A2 (en) 1994-01-26
EP0580463A3 EP0580463A3 (en) 1994-06-22

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EP1739008A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-03 Becker Marine Systems GmbH & Co. KG Rudder shaft for a watrercraft rudder
DE102007044698B4 (en) * 2007-09-19 2010-04-15 Blohm + Voss Industries Gmbh Method for producing wing elements
SG166083A1 (en) * 2009-04-22 2010-11-29 Becker Marine Sys Gmbh & Co Kg Rudder fin

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US5829716A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-11-03 The Boeing Company Welded aerospace structure using a hybrid metal webbed composite beam
AU6263796A (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-12-30 Boeing Company, The Hybrid metal webbed composite beam
US6415729B1 (en) * 2000-12-14 2002-07-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Side plate rudder system
DE102014101120A1 (en) 2013-01-30 2014-07-31 Becker Marine Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Hollow structure e.g. airfoil for ship, has cavity which is enclosed by two plates forming outer surfaces of hollow casing and is filled with metal foam, whose macro-structure has extension in three mutually perpendicular axes
PT3409575T (en) * 2017-05-30 2022-08-30 Becker Marine Systems Gmbh Rudder blade with a rudder blade hub and rudder blade hub for a rudder blade
CN108974312B (en) * 2017-05-30 2022-08-30 贝克船舶系统有限公司 Rudder blade with a rudder blade hub and rudder blade hub for a rudder blade

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EP1739008A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-03 Becker Marine Systems GmbH & Co. KG Rudder shaft for a watrercraft rudder
DE102007044698B4 (en) * 2007-09-19 2010-04-15 Blohm + Voss Industries Gmbh Method for producing wing elements
SG166083A1 (en) * 2009-04-22 2010-11-29 Becker Marine Sys Gmbh & Co Kg Rudder fin
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EP0580463A3 (en) 1994-06-22
FR2692546B1 (en) 1998-03-13
FR2692546A1 (en) 1993-12-24

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