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EP0498140A1 - A set of building elements for the masonry of buildings - Google Patents

A set of building elements for the masonry of buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0498140A1
EP0498140A1 EP91810091A EP91810091A EP0498140A1 EP 0498140 A1 EP0498140 A1 EP 0498140A1 EP 91810091 A EP91810091 A EP 91810091A EP 91810091 A EP91810091 A EP 91810091A EP 0498140 A1 EP0498140 A1 EP 0498140A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sides
kit according
wall
elements
circular opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91810091A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
René Scheiwiller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP91810091A priority Critical patent/EP0498140A1/en
Publication of EP0498140A1 publication Critical patent/EP0498140A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/22Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having a general shape differing from that of a parallelepiped
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/50Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having a general shape differing from that of a parallelepiped
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/395Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra for claustra, fences, planting walls, e.g. sound-absorbing
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions
    • E04B2002/0217Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions of prismatic shape
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0226Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues and grooves next to each other on the end surface
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0263Building elements for making angled walls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a kit for creating masonry, especially for the construction of so-called dry stone walls.
  • a kit for erecting dry stone walls is known, for example, from DE-C-26 50 292, the bricks lying on top of one another having pegs on one side and corresponding recesses on the other side lying horizontally, and a concentric, offset collar around the peg is provided. Since the production of such stones with pins and collar is relatively complex, a spacer was created for this purpose, for example according to EP-A-3 46 558, which allows flat stones to be produced with a continuous opening, thereby making these stones much more economical and efficient is guaranteed.
  • bricks which have an essentially rectangular or square outline with rounded edges, but straight, transverse sides standing at right angles to the long sides. Based on this, it is the object of the present invention to provide a kit for erecting masonry, with which walls can be created with a large variety of defined changes in direction. Such a kit is defined in the claims.
  • the wall elements have toothing means and / or means for retaining the soil on their transverse sides.
  • the inclined wall element 1 comprises an at 22.5 o inclined side 4, in the middle of a semi-circular opening 5 is arranged.
  • a continuous circular opening 9 is arranged in the case of the transverse side 8 perpendicular to the two straight longitudinal sides 6 and 7 which are parallel to one another.
  • the parallelogram element 2 consists of the two straight longitudinal sides 10 and the two below 22.5 o inclined faces of 4 and 12 with the two inwardly facing openings 5 and 13.
  • the trapezoidal element 3 has a long and a short straight longitudinal side 14 and 15, and two likewise at 22.5 o converging lateral sides 4 and 11 with the half-opening 5 and the sixteenth
  • the fourth, angular wall element 17 consists of a part with two perpendicularly on the one lateral side 8 standing longitudinal sides 19 and 20 and from a below 22.5 o mirrored second part of the second with the at 22.5 o related to the first transverse side transverse side 21 and the both also with respect to the first long sides under 22.5 o inclined second long sides 22 and 23. In the middle of this angled wall element 17 there is the continuous opening 9.
  • FIG. 5 shows a supplementary, rectangular wall element 24 with two openings 9 and in FIG. 6 a half, square wall element 25 with a continuous opening 9.
  • FIG. 7 shows an angle block 26 with two legs 27 and 28 of equal length, in each of which an opening 9 is arranged, with a second opening 9 being arranged in the corner.
  • a filler 29 is shown, which has no opening and the long sides 8 are the same length as the transverse sides 8 of the other elements and the transverse sides 18 are half as long as the long sides 8. All wall elements have the same height or respectively same thickness, as shown in Figure 10.
  • FIGS. 9-14 A wall is shown in FIGS. 9-14, in which all wall elements shown in FIGS. 1-7 are used.
  • FIG. 10 shows that the bricks lying one on top of the other are connected to each other via a spacer ring 30, which is disclosed in EP-A-3 56 558 cited at the beginning.
  • FIGS. 11, 12 and 13 each show the three layers 1, 2 and 3 in plan view, which are shown in full in FIG. 9 in side view and in part in an enlarged detail in FIG. 10.
  • the wall shown in these figures is of course only one of the many possible variants and illustrates that there is a great variety of design options with the elements shown in FIGS. 1-7.
  • the comparison of FIG. 10 with FIGS. 11, 12 and 13 shows that the wall elements can be arranged in such a way that at least one part of the spacer ring protruding into an opening extends into a full opening 9 in order to achieve good cohesion of the wall .
  • FIGS. 10 and 14 show the uppermost cover layer with cover stones which have no through opening and also no half openings 5, 13, 16 have on the transverse sides.
  • 14 shows the two symmetrical inclined cover stones 31 and 32, which correspond to the inclined wall element 1, the trapezoid cover stone 33, which corresponds to the trapezoid element 3, the angled cover stone 34, which corresponds to the angled wall element 17, the rectangular cover stone 35, the square cover stone 36 and the two-part right-angle cover stone 37.
  • FIGS. 10 and 14 also show that the cover stone is not full, but has an elongated cavity 38, that is to say it is trough-shaped. It goes without saying that a wall can also be built from more or less than four layers.
  • FIG. 15 shows another possible, symmetrical arrangement of a wall which can contain several layers.
  • the function of the filling element 19 is shown in FIG. 16, i.e. in order to maintain the required distance in certain constructions.
  • FIGS. 17-20 show an embodiment variant based on the parallelogram and trapezoidal element, which, however, also applies to all other wall elements.
  • the parallelogram element 39 has a toothing on its two oblique transverse sides 40 and 41 which, for example, contains and has a tooth 42 on one side of the semicircular opening 13 and on the other side, top left in FIG. 17, two teeth 43 the other inclined side 41, the complementary teeth, in order to be able to interlock a number of similar wall elements.
  • the trapezoidal element 44 contains on its two inclined sides 45 and 46 the same tooth arrangement with a single tooth 42 on one side of the semicircular opening 5 and on the other side the two teeth 43, and on the other inclined side 46 the complementary tooth arrangement.
  • the toothing does not only have the function to prevent the wall elements from slipping, but also to hold back contaminants, while water can flow freely through the joints: the teeth do not need to extend over the entire height of the elements without impairing their functions.
  • both the number and the shape of the teeth can vary.
  • the cam 47 fulfills a similar function as the toothing, namely on the one hand the retention of soil or coarse dirt and on the other hand the prevention of slipping of parts of the wall lying on top of one another, the shapes of which are clearly recognizable in the cuts in FIGS.
  • Corresponding to the cam 47 on the underside of the wall element is a groove 48 which extends over the entire length of the stone and whose width is somewhat larger than the width of the cam 47.
  • the cams can effectively prevent the soil from flowing out or fall out, and can also hold back coarser dirt particles.
  • FIGS. 1-7 can be provided with teeth 42, 43 and with cams 47 and grooves 48.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

The set of building elements for the erection of masonry contains first wall elements (1; 2; 3) having at least one side (4) which is inclined at 22.5 DEG with respect to the two straight longitudinal sides (6, 7; 10; 14, 15) and contains half (5) of a circular opening (9) in its centre. These first elements can have a side (8) which is perpendicular to the longitudinal sides or can be designed as a parallelogram (2) or trapezium (3). The set of building elements also includes a block (17) with a part bent at 45 DEG and an angle block (26), as well as a rectangular wall element (24) and a square wall element (25). The element (1) with the perpendicular transverse side, the bent element (17) and the square element (25) each have one continuous circular opening (9), the rectangular element (24) has two openings (9) and the angle block (24) has three continuous circular openings (9). Such a set of building elements can be used to construct walls with a wide variety of defined direction changes. <IMAGE>

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Bausatz zur Erstellung von Mauerwerken, vor allem zur Errichtung von sogenannten Trockenmauern. Ein Bausatz zur Errichtung von Trockenmauern ist beispielsweise aus der DE-C-26 50 292 bekannt, wobei die aufeinanderliegenden Mauersteine auf einer Seite Zapfen und auf der anderen, horizontal zu liegenden Seite, entsprechende Ausnehmungen aufweisen und wobei um den Zapfen ein konzentrischer, abgesetzter Bund vorgesehen ist. Da die Herstellung solcher Steine mit Zapfen und Bund relativ aufwendig ist, wurde dafür ein Distanzhalter geschaffen, beispielsweise gemäss EP-A-3 46 558, der es erlaubt, flache Steine mit einer durchgehenden Oeffnung herzustellen, wodurch eine wesentlich wirtschaftlichere und rationellere Herstellung dieser Steine gewährleistet ist.The present invention relates to a kit for creating masonry, especially for the construction of so-called dry stone walls. A kit for erecting dry stone walls is known, for example, from DE-C-26 50 292, the bricks lying on top of one another having pegs on one side and corresponding recesses on the other side lying horizontally, and a concentric, offset collar around the peg is provided. Since the production of such stones with pins and collar is relatively complex, a spacer was created for this purpose, for example according to EP-A-3 46 558, which allows flat stones to be produced with a continuous opening, thereby making these stones much more economical and efficient is guaranteed.

In beiden genannten Publikationen sind Mauersteine offenbart, die einen im wesentlichen rechteckigen oder quadratischen Grundriss haben mit abgerundeten Kanten, jedoch geraden, rechtwinklig zu den Längsseiten stehenden Querseiten. Es ist davon ausgehend Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Bausatz zur Errichtung von Mauerwerken anzugeben, mit welchem Mauern mit einer grossen Vielfalt von definierten Richtungsänderungen erstellt werden können. Ein solcher Bausatz ist in den Ansprüchen definiert. In einer Weiterentwicklung gemäss den Ansprüchen 10 - 12 weisen die Mauerelemente an ihren Querseiten Verzahnungsmittel und/oder Mittel zum Zurückhalten des Erdreiches auf.In both of the publications mentioned, bricks are disclosed which have an essentially rectangular or square outline with rounded edges, but straight, transverse sides standing at right angles to the long sides. Based on this, it is the object of the present invention to provide a kit for erecting masonry, with which walls can be created with a large variety of defined changes in direction. Such a kit is defined in the claims. In a further development according to claims 10 to 12, the wall elements have toothing means and / or means for retaining the soil on their transverse sides.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.

  • Die Figuren 1 bis 3 zeigen drei erste Mauerelemente mit mindestens einer unter 22,5o geneigten Querseite,
  • Figur 4 zeigt ein abgewinkeltes Mauerelement,
  • Figur 5 zeigt ein rechteckiges Mauerelement,
  • Figur 6 zeigt ein quadratisches Mauerelement,
  • Figur 7 zeigt ein rechtwinkliges Mauerelement,
  • Figur 8 zeigt ein Füllelement,
  • Figur 9 zeigt, in Seitenansicht, eine mit den vorgenannten Mauerelementen errichtete Mauer,
  • Figur 10 zeigt einen Schnitt durch die Mauer gemäss Figur 11,
  • Die Figuren 11 - 14 zeigen in Draufsicht die vier Lagen der Mauer gemäss Figur 9,
  • Die Figuren 15 und 16 zeigen in Draufsicht zwei weitere Ausführungsbeispiele einer Mauer,
  • Figur 17 zeigt in Draufsicht und im vergrösserten Massstab eine Ausführungsvariante zum Mauerelement gemäss Figur 2,
  • Figur 18 zeigt einen Schnitt gemäss XVIII-XVIII in Figur 17,
  • Figur 19 zeigt einen Schnitt gemäss XIX-XIX in Figur 17,
  • und Figur 20 zeigt die beiden Mauersteine gemäss Figur 19 in einer anderen, angenäherten Stellung.
The invention is explained below with reference to a drawing of exemplary embodiments.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show three first wall elements at least one transverse side inclined below 22.5 o ,
  • FIG. 4 shows an angled wall element,
  • FIG. 5 shows a rectangular wall element,
  • FIG. 6 shows a square wall element,
  • FIG. 7 shows a right-angled wall element,
  • FIG. 8 shows a filling element,
  • FIG. 9 shows, in side view, a wall erected with the aforementioned wall elements,
  • FIG. 10 shows a section through the wall according to FIG. 11,
  • FIGS. 11-14 show a top view of the four layers of the wall according to FIG. 9,
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 show a top view of two further exemplary embodiments of a wall,
  • FIG. 17 shows a top view and on an enlarged scale of an embodiment variant of the wall element according to FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 18 shows a section according to XVIII-XVIII in FIG. 17,
  • FIG. 19 shows a section according to XIX-XIX in FIG. 17,
  • and FIG. 20 shows the two bricks according to FIG. 19 in a different, approximate position.

In den Figuren 1 - 3 sind drei erste Mauerelemente angegeben, das schräge Mauerelement 1, das Parallelogramm-Element 2 sowie das Trapezelement 3. Das schräge Mauerelement 1 weist eine unter 22,5o geneigte Seite 4 auf, in deren Mitte eine halbkreisförmige Oeffnung 5 angeordnet ist. Bei der zu den beiden parallel zueinander stehenden, geraden Längsseiten 6 und 7 senkrecht stehenden Querseite 8 ist eine durchgehende kreisrunde Oeffnung 9 angeordnet.In the figures 1-3, three first wall elements are provided, the angled wall element 1, the parallelogram element 2, and the trapezium element 3. The inclined wall element 1 comprises an at 22.5 o inclined side 4, in the middle of a semi-circular opening 5 is arranged. In the case of the transverse side 8 perpendicular to the two straight longitudinal sides 6 and 7 which are parallel to one another, a continuous circular opening 9 is arranged.

Das Parallelogramm-Element 2 besteht aus den zwei geraden Längsseiten 10 und den beiden unter 22,5o geneigten Seiten 4 und 12 mit den beiden nach innen weisenden Oeffnungen 5 und 13.The parallelogram element 2 consists of the two straight longitudinal sides 10 and the two below 22.5 o inclined faces of 4 and 12 with the two inwardly facing openings 5 and 13. FIG.

Das Trapezelement 3 weist eine lange und eine kurze gerade Längsseite 14 und 15 sowie die beiden ebenfalls unter 22,5o aufeinander zulaufenden Querseiten 4 und 11 mit der halben Oeffnung 5 und 16 auf.The trapezoidal element 3 has a long and a short straight longitudinal side 14 and 15, and two likewise at 22.5 o converging lateral sides 4 and 11 with the half-opening 5 and the sixteenth

Das vierte, abgewinkelte Mauerelement 17 besteht aus einem Teil mit zwei senkrecht auf die eine Querseite 8 stehenden Längsseiten 19 und 20 sowie aus einem unter 22,5o gespiegelten zweiten Teil mit der unter 22,5 o zur ersten Querseite stehenden zweiten Querseite 21 und den beiden ebenfalls gegenüber den ersten Längsseiten unter 22,5o geneigten zweiten Längsseiten 22 und 23. In der Mitte dieses abgewinkelten Mauerelementes 17 befindet sich die durchgehende Oeffnung 9.The fourth, angular wall element 17 consists of a part with two perpendicularly on the one lateral side 8 standing longitudinal sides 19 and 20 and from a below 22.5 o mirrored second part of the second with the at 22.5 o related to the first transverse side transverse side 21 and the both also with respect to the first long sides under 22.5 o inclined second long sides 22 and 23. In the middle of this angled wall element 17 there is the continuous opening 9.

In Figur 5 ist ein ergänzendes, rechteckiges Mauerelement 24 mit zwei Oeffnungen 9 und in Figur 6 ein halbes, quadratisches Mauerelement 25 mit einer durchgehenden Oeffnung 9 dargestellt.FIG. 5 shows a supplementary, rectangular wall element 24 with two openings 9 and in FIG. 6 a half, square wall element 25 with a continuous opening 9.

In Figur 7 ist ein Winkelstein 26 mit zwei gleich langen Schenkeln 27 und 28, in denen je eine Oeffnung 9 angeordnet ist, dargestellt, wobei in der Ecke eine zweite Oeffnung 9 angeordnet ist. Schliesslich ist in Figur 8 ein Füllstein 29 dargestellt, der keine Oeffnung aufweist und dessen Längsseiten 8 gleich lang sind wie die Querseiten 8 der übrigen Elemente und dessen Querseiten 18 halb so lang sind wie dessen Längsseiten 8. Sämtliche Mauerelemente haben die gleiche Höhe, respektive die gleiche Dicke, wie aus Figur 10 hervorgeht.FIG. 7 shows an angle block 26 with two legs 27 and 28 of equal length, in each of which an opening 9 is arranged, with a second opening 9 being arranged in the corner. Finally, in Figure 8 a filler 29 is shown, which has no opening and the long sides 8 are the same length as the transverse sides 8 of the other elements and the transverse sides 18 are half as long as the long sides 8. All wall elements have the same height or respectively same thickness, as shown in Figure 10.

In den Figuren 9 - 14 ist eine Mauer dargestellt, in welcher alle in den Figuren 1 - 7 dargestellten Mauerelemente verwendet werden. Aus Figur 10 geht hervor, dass die aufeinanderliegenden Mauersteine über jeweils einen Distanzring 30 miteinander verbunden werden, der in der eingangs zitierten EP-A-3 56 558 offengelegt ist. In den Figuren 11, 12 und 13 werden in Draufsicht jeweils die drei Lagen 1,2 und 3 dargestellt, die in Figur 9 in Seitenansicht ganz und in Figur 10 in einer Ausschnittsvergrösserung teilweise wiedergegeben sind. Die in diesen Figuren eingezeichnete Mauer stellt selbstverständlich nur eine der vielen möglichen Varianten dar und illustriert, dass mit in den Figuren 1 - 7 dargestellten Elementen eine grosse Vielfalt von Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten vorhanden ist. Aus dem Vergleich der Figur 10 mit den Figuren 11, 12 und 13 geht hervor, dass die Mauerelemente derart angeordnet werden können, dass mindestens ein in eine Oeffnung ragender Teil des Distanzringes in eine volle Oeffnung 9 reicht, um einen guten Zusammenhalt der Mauer zu ergeben.A wall is shown in FIGS. 9-14, in which all wall elements shown in FIGS. 1-7 are used. FIG. 10 shows that the bricks lying one on top of the other are connected to each other via a spacer ring 30, which is disclosed in EP-A-3 56 558 cited at the beginning. FIGS. 11, 12 and 13 each show the three layers 1, 2 and 3 in plan view, which are shown in full in FIG. 9 in side view and in part in an enlarged detail in FIG. 10. The wall shown in these figures is of course only one of the many possible variants and illustrates that there is a great variety of design options with the elements shown in FIGS. 1-7. The comparison of FIG. 10 with FIGS. 11, 12 and 13 shows that the wall elements can be arranged in such a way that at least one part of the spacer ring protruding into an opening extends into a full opening 9 in order to achieve good cohesion of the wall .

In den Figuren 10 und 14 ist die oberste Deckschicht dargestellt mit Decksteinen, die keine durchgehende Oeffnung und auch keine halbe Oeffnungen 5, 13, 16 an den Querseiten aufweisen. Man erkennt in Figur 14 die zwei symmetrisch zueinander ausgeführten schrägen Decksteine 31 und 32, die dem schrägen Mauerelement 1 entsprechen, den Trapezdeckstein 33, der dem Trapezelement 3 entspricht, den abgewinkelten Deckstein 34, der dem abgewinkelten Mauerelement 17 entspricht, den rechteckigen Deckstein 35, den quadratischen Deckstein 36 sowie den zweigeteilten Rechtwinkel-Deckstein 37. Aus den Figuren 10 und 14 geht ferner hervor, dass der Deckstein nicht voll ist, sondern einen länglichen Hohlraum 38 aufweist, d.h. trogartig ausgebildet ist. Es ist selbstverständlich, dass eine Mauer auch aus mehr oder weniger als vier Lagen errichtet werden kann.FIGS. 10 and 14 show the uppermost cover layer with cover stones which have no through opening and also no half openings 5, 13, 16 have on the transverse sides. 14 shows the two symmetrical inclined cover stones 31 and 32, which correspond to the inclined wall element 1, the trapezoid cover stone 33, which corresponds to the trapezoid element 3, the angled cover stone 34, which corresponds to the angled wall element 17, the rectangular cover stone 35, the square cover stone 36 and the two-part right-angle cover stone 37. FIGS. 10 and 14 also show that the cover stone is not full, but has an elongated cavity 38, that is to say it is trough-shaped. It goes without saying that a wall can also be built from more or less than four layers.

In Figur 15 ist eine andere mögliche, symmetrische Anordnung einer Mauer angegeben, die mehrere Lagen enthalten kann. In Figur 16 ist die Funktion des Füllelementes 19 dargestellt, d.h., um bei gewissen Konstruktionen die erforderliche Distanz zu wahren.FIG. 15 shows another possible, symmetrical arrangement of a wall which can contain several layers. The function of the filling element 19 is shown in FIG. 16, i.e. in order to maintain the required distance in certain constructions.

In den Figuren 17 - 20 ist anhand des Parallelogramm- und Trapezelementes eine Ausführungsvariante dargestellt, die jedoch für sämtliche anderen Mauerelemente auch gilt. Das Parallelogramm-Element 39 weist an seinen beiden schrägen Querseiten 40 und 41 eine Verzahnung auf, die beispielsweise auf der einen Seite der halbrunden Oeffnung 13 einen Zahn 42 und auf der anderen Seite, in Figur 17 links oben, zwei komplementäre Zähne 43 enthält und auf der anderen Schrägseite 41 die komplementären Zähne, um auch eine Reihe gleichartiger Mauerelemente verzahnt legen zu können.FIGS. 17-20 show an embodiment variant based on the parallelogram and trapezoidal element, which, however, also applies to all other wall elements. The parallelogram element 39 has a toothing on its two oblique transverse sides 40 and 41 which, for example, contains and has a tooth 42 on one side of the semicircular opening 13 and on the other side, top left in FIG. 17, two teeth 43 the other inclined side 41, the complementary teeth, in order to be able to interlock a number of similar wall elements.

Das Trapezelement 44 enthält auf seinen beiden Schrägseiten 45 und 46 die gleiche Verzahnungsanordnung mit einem Einzelzahn 42 auf der einen Seite der halbrunden Oeffnung 5 und auf der anderen Seite die beiden Zähne 43, und auf der anderen Schrägseite 46 die komplementäre Zahnanordnung. Die Verzahnung hat nicht nur die Funktion ein Verrutschen der Mauerelemente zu verhindern, sondern auch Verunreinigungen zurückzuhalten, während Wasser ungehindert durch die Fugen abfliessen kann: Dabei brauchen sich die Zähne nicht über die ganze Höhe der Elemente zu erstrecken, ohne Beeinträchtigung ihrer Funktionen. Ausserdem kann sowohl die Anzahl als auch die Form der Zähne variieren.The trapezoidal element 44 contains on its two inclined sides 45 and 46 the same tooth arrangement with a single tooth 42 on one side of the semicircular opening 5 and on the other side the two teeth 43, and on the other inclined side 46 the complementary tooth arrangement. The toothing does not only have the function to prevent the wall elements from slipping, but also to hold back contaminants, while water can flow freely through the joints: the teeth do not need to extend over the entire height of the elements without impairing their functions. In addition, both the number and the shape of the teeth can vary.

Eine ähnliche Funktion wie die Verzahnung, nämlich einerseits das Zurückhalten von Erdreich oder groben Schmutzteilen und andererseits das Verhindern von Verrutschen von aufeinanderliegenden Mauerteilen, erfüllt der Nocken 47, dessen Formen in den Schnitten der Figuren 18 und 19 deutlich erkennbar sind. Dem Nocken 47 entspricht auf der Unterseite des Mauerelementes eine Nut 48, die sich über die ganze Länge des Steines erstreckt und deren Breite etwas grösser ist als die Breite des Nockens 47. Im verlegten Zustand ruht die obere Steinlage nicht direkt auf der unteren, sondern auf den Distanzringen, um eine Lüftung und ein Abfliessen des Wassers im Mauerwerk zu gewährleisten. Anderseits können die Nocken wirksam das Abfliessen, respekte Herausfallen von Erdreich verhindern und können auch gröbere Schmutzpartikel zurückhalten. Ausserdem üben sie eine zusätzliche Sicherungsfunktion aus, falls einer oder mehrere Distanzringe beschädigt werden sollten. Eine weitere Funktion der Nocken ist aus Figur 20 ersichtlich, worin zwei aufeinander liegende Mauersteine dargestellt sind, die ab Fabrik auf einer Palette gestapelt sind. In diesem Falle können die Nocken eine wichtige Verriegelungsfunktion übernehmen, um den Zusammenhalt der aufeinandergestapelten Steine zu verstärken. Wie bereits vorher betont, können sämtliche Mauerelemente der Figuren 1 - 7 mit der Verzahnung 42, 43 und mit den Nocken 47 und den Nuten 48 versehen werden.The cam 47 fulfills a similar function as the toothing, namely on the one hand the retention of soil or coarse dirt and on the other hand the prevention of slipping of parts of the wall lying on top of one another, the shapes of which are clearly recognizable in the cuts in FIGS. Corresponding to the cam 47 on the underside of the wall element is a groove 48 which extends over the entire length of the stone and whose width is somewhat larger than the width of the cam 47. In the laid state, the upper stone layer does not rest directly on the lower one, but on it the spacer rings to ensure ventilation and drainage of the water in the masonry. On the other hand, the cams can effectively prevent the soil from flowing out or fall out, and can also hold back coarser dirt particles. In addition, they perform an additional securing function if one or more spacer rings should be damaged. Another function of the cams can be seen in Figure 20, which shows two superimposed bricks, which are stacked on a pallet from the factory. In this case, the cams can play an important locking function in order to strengthen the cohesion of the stacked stones. As previously emphasized, all wall elements of FIGS. 1-7 can be provided with teeth 42, 43 and with cams 47 and grooves 48.

Claims (12)

Bausatz zur Errichtung von Mauerwerken, mit ersten Mauerelementen (1; 2, 39; 3, 44), die mindestens eine Seite (4) aufweisen, die bezüglich der zwei geraden Längssseiten (6, 7; 10; 14, 15) unter 22,5o geneigt ist.Kit for erecting masonry, with first masonry elements (1; 2, 39; 3, 44), which have at least one side (4), under 22 with respect to the two straight longitudinal sides (6, 7; 10; 14, 15), 5 o is inclined. Bausatz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eines (1) der ersten Mauerelemente eine zu den Längsseiten senkrecht stehende Seite (8) und eine durchgehende kreisrunde Oeffnung (9) aufweist, und die unter 22,5o geneigte Seite (4) in ihrer Mitte eine Hälfte (5) einer kreisrunden Oeffnung (9) enthält.Kit according to claim 1, characterized in that one (1) of the first wall elements has a side (8) perpendicular to the longitudinal sides and a continuous circular opening (9), and the side (4) inclined at 22.5 o in its In the middle contains half (5) of a circular opening (9). Bausatz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eines der ersten Mauerelemente ein Parallelogramm-Element ment (2) ist, mit zwei unter 22,5o geneigten Seiten (4, 12) mit je einer halben Oeffnung (5, 13).A kit according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the first wall elements a parallelogram element element (2), with two at 22.5 o inclined sides (4, 12) each having a half-opening (5, 13). Bausatz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eines der ersten Mauerelemente ein Trapez-Element (3) mit zwei unter 22,5o geneigten Seiten (4, 11) mit je einer halben Oeffnung (5, 16) ist.A kit according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the first wall elements a trapezoid element (3) with two at 22.5 o inclined sides (4, 11) each having a half-opening (5, 16). Bausatz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ferner einen Winkelstein (26) mit zwei gleichlangen Schenkeln (27, 28) enthält, wobei jeder Schenkel und die Ecke eine durchgehende kreisrunde Oeffnung (9) aufweisen.Kit according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it also contains an angle block (26) with two legs (27, 28) of equal length, each leg and the corner having a continuous circular opening (9). Bausatz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ferner ein abgewinkeltes Mauerelement (17) enthält, das an einem Ende der beiden Längsseiten (19, 20) eine senkrecht dazu stehende Querseite (8) und am anderen Ende einen unter 22,5o gespiegelten zweiten Teil mit zwei unter 22,5o abgewinkelten Längsseiten (22, 23) und einer senkrecht zu diesen Seiten stehenden abgewinkelten Querseite (21) und eine durchgehende kreisrunde Oeffnung (9) aufweist.Kit according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further contains an angled wall element (17) which has a transverse side (8) perpendicular to it at one end of the two longitudinal sides (19, 20) and one under 22 at the other end , 5 o mirrored second part with two longitudinal sides (22, 23) angled at 22.5 o and an angled transverse side (21) perpendicular to these sides and has a continuous circular opening (9). Bausatz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ferner ein Rechteck-Mauerelement (24) mit zwei durchgehenden kreisrunden Oeffnungen (9) und ein quadratisches Mauerelement (25) mit einer durchgehenden kreisrunden Oeffnung (9) und halber Länge des Rechteck-Mauerelementes aufweist.Kit according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it further comprises a rectangular wall element (24) with two continuous circular openings (9) and a square wall element (25) with a continuous circular opening (9) and half the length of the rectangle Wall element. Bausatz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ferner einen Füllstein (29) aufweist, dessen Längsseiten (18) den halben Seiten und dessen Querseiten (8) den ganzen Seiten des Quadrat-Mauerelementes (25) entsprechen.Kit according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it further comprises a filler stone (29), the longitudinal sides (18) of which correspond to half the sides and the transverse sides (8) of which correspond to the entire sides of the square wall element (25). Bausatz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ferner Decksteine (31-37) enthält, die den Mauerelementen (1-3, 26, 17, 24, 25) entsprechende Abmessungen und jeweils gerade Seiten aufweisen und an deren Unterseite sich ein Hohlraum (38) befindet.Kit according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it further contains cover stones (31-37) which have corresponding dimensions to the wall elements (1-3, 26, 17, 24, 25) and each have straight sides and on the underside thereof there is a cavity (38). Bausatz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er Mauerelemente (39,44) und Steine enthält, deren Querseiten (40, 41; 45, 46) mit einer jeweils einander komplementären Verzahnung (42, 43) versehen sind.Kit according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it contains wall elements (39, 44) and stones, the transverse sides (40, 41; 45, 46) of which are provided with mutually complementary teeth (42, 43). Bausatz nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verzahnung sich über einen Teil der Dicke des Elementes erstreckt.Kit according to claim 10, characterized in that the toothing extends over part of the thickness of the element. Bausatz anch einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mauerelemente und Steine an ihrer Oberseite mit einem Nocken (47) und an ihrer Unterseite mit einer Nut (48) versehen sind.Kit according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the wall elements and stones are provided on their top with a cam (47) and on their underside with a groove (48).
EP91810091A 1991-02-08 1991-02-08 A set of building elements for the masonry of buildings Withdrawn EP0498140A1 (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2736371A1 (en) * 1995-07-05 1997-01-10 Bock Heinrich Et Cie Ets DEVICE FOR CONSTRUCTING DECORATIVE ENCLOSURE AND / OR SUPPORT WALLS
EP0851065A1 (en) * 1996-12-27 1998-07-01 FIEGE & BERTOLI GmbH & Co. KG. Building set for the construction of dry walls, retaining wall, and the like
ES2130919A1 (en) * 1995-09-29 1999-07-01 Adell Argiles Josep Maria Improvements to patent 9501891 for integral masonry (brickwork) method with possibility of three-dimensional reinforcement and constructional pieces for said method
EP0994217A3 (en) * 1998-10-15 2000-11-08 Rolf Scheiwiller Paving element
DE19941417A1 (en) * 1999-08-30 2001-03-01 Rolf Scheiwiller Brick system
FR2813903A1 (en) * 2000-09-14 2002-03-15 Georges Tcheklian Prefabricated modular component for construction of anti-earthquake building walls comprises separate parts with two walls and junction parts constituting base on which walls are placed
EP1437448A1 (en) * 2003-01-09 2004-07-14 Allan Block Corporation Interlocking building block
EP1510630A1 (en) * 2003-08-27 2005-03-02 Rolf Mörk System of shaped blocks
USD665928S1 (en) 2011-06-21 2012-08-21 Westblock Development, LLC Wall block
USD668792S1 (en) 2011-03-11 2012-10-09 Westblock Development, LLC Wall block
US8667759B2 (en) 2011-03-14 2014-03-11 Westblock Systems, Inc. Wall block system

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR485982A (en) * 1917-06-23 1918-02-26 Laurent Charles Lambert Brick system
FR787462A (en) * 1935-03-16 1935-09-23 Isothermal building material and method of building walls and floors using this material
FR941068A (en) * 1947-01-17 1948-12-31 building element
FR1049076A (en) * 1952-01-14 1953-12-28 prefabricated element for construction
GB1133594A (en) * 1966-05-18 1968-11-13 Brooklyns Westbrick Ltd Improvements in and relating to building blocks
BE729522A (en) * 1969-03-07 1969-08-18
GB2127872A (en) * 1982-09-02 1984-04-18 William Mcmullan Hawthorne Paving or building block

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR485982A (en) * 1917-06-23 1918-02-26 Laurent Charles Lambert Brick system
FR787462A (en) * 1935-03-16 1935-09-23 Isothermal building material and method of building walls and floors using this material
FR941068A (en) * 1947-01-17 1948-12-31 building element
FR1049076A (en) * 1952-01-14 1953-12-28 prefabricated element for construction
GB1133594A (en) * 1966-05-18 1968-11-13 Brooklyns Westbrick Ltd Improvements in and relating to building blocks
BE729522A (en) * 1969-03-07 1969-08-18
GB2127872A (en) * 1982-09-02 1984-04-18 William Mcmullan Hawthorne Paving or building block

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2736371A1 (en) * 1995-07-05 1997-01-10 Bock Heinrich Et Cie Ets DEVICE FOR CONSTRUCTING DECORATIVE ENCLOSURE AND / OR SUPPORT WALLS
ES2130919A1 (en) * 1995-09-29 1999-07-01 Adell Argiles Josep Maria Improvements to patent 9501891 for integral masonry (brickwork) method with possibility of three-dimensional reinforcement and constructional pieces for said method
EP0851065A1 (en) * 1996-12-27 1998-07-01 FIEGE & BERTOLI GmbH & Co. KG. Building set for the construction of dry walls, retaining wall, and the like
EP0994217A3 (en) * 1998-10-15 2000-11-08 Rolf Scheiwiller Paving element
DE19941417A1 (en) * 1999-08-30 2001-03-01 Rolf Scheiwiller Brick system
FR2813903A1 (en) * 2000-09-14 2002-03-15 Georges Tcheklian Prefabricated modular component for construction of anti-earthquake building walls comprises separate parts with two walls and junction parts constituting base on which walls are placed
EP1437448A1 (en) * 2003-01-09 2004-07-14 Allan Block Corporation Interlocking building block
US7712281B2 (en) 2003-01-09 2010-05-11 Allan Block Corporation Interlocking building block
EP1510630A1 (en) * 2003-08-27 2005-03-02 Rolf Mörk System of shaped blocks
USD668792S1 (en) 2011-03-11 2012-10-09 Westblock Development, LLC Wall block
US8667759B2 (en) 2011-03-14 2014-03-11 Westblock Systems, Inc. Wall block system
USD665928S1 (en) 2011-06-21 2012-08-21 Westblock Development, LLC Wall block

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