EP0448120B1 - Shuttering board for concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

Shuttering board (2) for concrete, comprising: (a) a shuttering-board supporting structure having a plate-like front region (4) as shuttering skin, a plate-like rear region (6) and an intermediate region (8) bridging the distance between the front region (4) and the rear region (6), the supporting structure having a cross-section in the manner of a lattice girder, with obliquely running struts formed by the intermediate region (8); and (b) rear grooves (12) constructed for attachment of connecting locks (30) clamping together adjacent shuttering boards (2), said grooves being provided in the vicinity of at least two opposite edges of the shuttering board (2). <IMAGE>

Description

• (a) die eine Schaltafel-Tragstruktur aufweist mit:
  • einem plattenartigen Vorderbereich als Schalhaut,
  • einem plattenartigen Rückbereich und
  • einem den Abstand zwischen dem Vorderbereich und dem Rückbereich überbrückenden Zwischenbereich,
• (b) wobei die Tragstruktur einen Querschnitt nach Art eines Gitterträgers mit schräg verlaufenden, durch den Zwischenbereich gebildeten Streben hat,
  gekennzeichnet durch
• (c) für das Ansetzen von benachbarte Schaltafeln verklammernden Verbindungsschlössern ausgebildete, rückseitige Rinnen, die in der Nähe von mindestens zwei gegenüberliegenden Rändern der Schaltafel vorgesehen sind.

The invention relates to a concrete formwork panel,

• (a) which has a formwork support structure with:
  • a plate-like front area as formwork skin,
  • a plate-like back area and
  • an intermediate area bridging the distance between the front area and the rear area,
• (b) the supporting structure having a cross section in the manner of a lattice girder with obliquely extending struts formed by the intermediate region,
  marked by
• (c) rear channels designed for connecting connecting locks which clamp adjacent formwork panels and which are provided in the vicinity of at least two opposite edges of the formwork panel.

Most concrete formwork panels used today are designed as frame formwork panels. They consist essentially of a plate-like formlining, which is often designed as a particle board with a smooth surface, and a stiffening frame made of metal profiles on the back. The manufacture of the profile frame in particular is complex because the metal profiles have to be cut to length, welded to one another and color-coated. In addition, such frame formwork panels have a relatively high weight per unit area of formwork skin, so that the formwork panels, apart from very small formwork panel sizes, have to be moved by crane.

A concrete formwork panel with the features (a) and (b) specified at the outset is known from document DE-A-2 253 588. In conventional frame formwork panels without a plate-like rear area, it is known per se to clamp formwork panels to one another by means of connecting locks which encompass the edge metal profiles of adjacent formwork panels (EP-A-0 304 950).

Compared to conventional frame formwork panels, the concrete formwork panel according to the invention has a lower weight per unit area of formlining. As a result, larger formwork panels can be moved and set up by hand than before. Transport to the construction site is made easier. There are also opportunities for significantly more efficient and cost-effective production.

The formwork panel preferably has edge components that are connected to the support structure at least along two opposite edges.

In the formwork panel according to the invention, the components mentioned, including the plate-like rear component or rear area, which is not conventionally present, are included in the static load-bearing function of the entire panel structure, so that optimized static conditions and material utilization result. This results in weight savings. The struts formed by the intermediate area or spacing component are preferably diagonal struts of alternating direction of inclination. The control panel is, like conventional control panels, preferably rectangular or square in plan view. The components mentioned need not necessarily be in one piece, although this is preferred for each of the components.

Edge components and / or rear channels are preferably provided for attaching connecting locks along four edges of the formwork panel.

According to a very particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the formwork panel consists predominantly or entirely of plastic. However, other materials are also possible, in particular wood, metal etc. In particular in the case of larger formwork panels or high demands on the force transmission capacity of clamps between adjacent formwork panels, it is preferred in particular to make the edge components from metal, preferably from extruded aluminum profiles or from sheet steel profiles.

A construction is very particularly preferred in which the formwork panel - having no pronounced edge components or without the edge components or including the edge components on two opposite edges - consists integrally of extruded plastic. It is possible to attach two or four edge components, in particular made of metal, to this integral, extruded plastic part, for example by gluing, riveting or the like. Alternatively, it is possible to manufacture the components mentioned at the beginning and then to connect them to one another by gluing, riveting, plastic welding or the like. Another preferred alternative is to manufacture the front component and the rear component from a sheet metal plate and to produce the spacer component from a zigzag-shaped sheet metal plate; these components are then firmly connected to one another, in particular by spot welding or riveting. This variant can be designed without pronounced edge components, wherein edge regions of the formwork panel can be formed by parts of the front component, the rear component and / or the spacing component. However, it is also possible to manufacture separate edge components, in particular from thicker sheet metal, and to connect them to the other components.

If, as is preferred, the components which appear as struts in the cross section in the longitudinal direction of the formwork are continuous walls, the formwork can be produced in the manner of a lattice girder by extrusion despite the cross section, since the cross section does not change along the formwork panel. This also simplifies production in the metal construction of the formwork panel. The static structure of a box girder is obtained in a second section at right angles to the cross section mentioned.

It is also a preferred possibility that the front component, the rear component and the spacer component are formed by a, preferably integral, composite plate. Suitable composite panels can be produced very efficiently. The described edge components can preferably be attached to the composite panel.

The rear channels mentioned above are designed so that connecting locks for aligned, aligned clamping of adjacent formwork panels can be attached there. If the channels have undercuts, the channels are preferably undercut on their sides facing the edge. The undercuts are preferably V-shaped. The channels can also be used to manually grip the formwork panel.

External, longitudinal grooves are preferably provided on at least two opposite side surfaces. In this way, defined, mutual contact areas arise between two adjacent formwork panels, namely an investment area in the front area and another investment area in the rear area.

If, as is preferred, the support structure has cavities, the cavities can preferably be foamed, at least in the region adjacent to the formwork panel front. Alternatively, the material walls of the spacer component can be provided closer together there. These developments have the advantage that the formwork panel can be nailed through the formlining, in particular from the front. This structure also prevents liquid concrete from running into the cavities in the formwork panel.

The formwork panel preferably has half-holes in its edge region, which are open to its rear side and to its front side, so that when formwork panels are placed next to one another, complete holes result through the mutual supplementation of half-holes, through which rods can be inserted. These are primarily fixing bars for fixing the spatial position of the formwork panels for concreting and spacer bars for fixing the mutual spacing of opposing formwork panels when concreting walls or the like.

The formwork panels can have an overall angular shape, in particular for concreting square columns or concreting walls that converge at an angle or at right angles.

Suitable plastics for manufacturing the formwork panel are familiar to the person skilled in the art. PVC and fiber-reinforced plastics are just a few examples among many possible ones. If the material aluminum has been mentioned above, this obviously does not only mean pure aluminum, but also includes suitable aluminum alloys.

The invention further relates to a concrete formwork which has a plurality of formwork panels according to the invention which are clamped together by means of connecting locks attached on the rear.

Fig. 1

eine Schaltafel im Querschnitt;

Fig. 2

zwei Schaltafeln der in Fig. 1 gezeichneten Art im Ausschnitt, die nebeneinander gestellt sind, ebenfalls im Querschnitt;

Fig. 3

eine Schaltafelanordnung wie in Fig. 2, allerdings in perspektivischer Darstellung;

Fig. 4

eine Schaltafelanordnung wie in Fig. 2, allerdings mit einem Randbestandteil aus Aluminium bei einer der beiden Schaltafeln;

Fig. 5

eine Schaltafelanordnung wie in Fig. 2, allerdings mit einem angebrachten Verklammerungsschloß;

Fig. 6

eine Schaltafelanordnung wie in Fig. 2, allerdings mit einem eingesetzten Stab;

Fig. 7

eine Schaltafelanordnung wie in Fig. 2, wobei der Abstandsbestandteil zusätzliche Materialwände aufweist;

Fig. 8

mehrere Schaltafeln unterschiedlicher Länge und eine Schaltafel mit Winkelgestalt, jeweils im Querschnitt.

The invention and refinements of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1

a formwork panel in cross section;

Fig. 2

two formwork panels of the type drawn in FIG. 1 in the detail, which are placed next to one another, also in cross section;

Fig. 3

a panel arrangement as in Figure 2, but in a perspective view.

Fig. 4

a panel arrangement as in Figure 2, but with an edge component made of aluminum in one of the two panels;

Fig. 5

a panel arrangement as in Figure 2, but with an attached locking lock.

Fig. 6

a panel arrangement as in Figure 2, but with an inserted rod.

Fig. 7

a formwork panel arrangement as in FIG. 2, the spacing component having additional material walls;

Fig. 8

several formwork panels of different lengths and an angular formwork panel, each in cross-section.

The formwork panel 2 shown in FIG. 1 is made of extruded plastic, the direction of extrusion being perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The formwork panel 2 essentially consists of a front component 4 in the form of a plane-parallel plate, a back component 6 in the form of a plane-parallel plate, a spacer component 8 in the form of walls placed in a zigzag shape, and two edge components 10 on two opposite formwork panel edges. Because of the shape of the edge components 10, reference is expressly made to FIG. 1 and also to the remaining figures.

The rear component 6 is less wide than the front component 4, so that a groove 12 is formed on the back of the formwork panel 2 between an edge component 10 and the back component 6, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the formwork panel 2. Each of the two channels 12 is undercut in a V-shape on its side facing the edge, because the rear, widened foot of the edge component 10 merges there into a narrower cross section.

It can also be seen that each of the two edge components 10 has a longitudinal groove 14 on its outside.

The details described can be seen even more clearly in FIG. 2 because of the enlarged scale. An inclined wall 18 (which can be attributed to the edge component 10 or the spacing component 8) leads obliquely from the V-shaped, bead-like undercut 16 to the next wall of the spacing component 8.

At this point, it is pointed out that the formwork panel 2 can also be formed without a pronounced edge component 10. For example, the two edge components 10 with the two inclined walls 18 can be omitted altogether. Or you can let the wall closest to the edge of the spacer component 8 run at right angles to the front component 4 and the rear component 6.

The illustrated design of the formwork panel 2 is illustrated again by means of a perspective illustration by FIG. 3. A hole 20 can also be seen, which is formed by mutually complementing two half-holes. The hole 20 is open to the front of the panel 2 and to the rear of the panel 2 and extends at right angles to the level of the panel 2.

In Fig. 4, left, a preferred embodiment is shown in which the drawn edge component 10 consists of an aluminum profile. The aluminum profile essentially has a first wall 22, which runs at a certain distance from the edge of the formwork panel 2 from its front component 4 to its rear component 6, a second wall that diagonally from the front edge of the formwork panel 2 to the rear of the formwork panel 2 in Distance from the edge thereof, a third wall 26, which extends approximately from the center of the second wall 24 to the rear, widened foot 28, and this rear, widened foot 28. The geometric relationships described above, in particular the rear groove 12, undercut 16 and lateral, outer groove 14 have been retained. The edge component 10 is preferably connected to the rest of the formwork panel 2 in that its second Wall 24 is glued or riveted to a flat inclined wall of the spacing component 8.

If you want to have a formwork panel 2 with four edge components 10 and / or with an all-round closure of the cavities, you can in particular edge components 10 of the type shown in FIG. 4 also on the two end faces of the formwork panel 2, namely behind the drawing plane and in front of the drawing plane , attach. For this purpose, only the extruded structure of front component 4, rear component 6 and spacer component 8 must be cut off obliquely on both end faces.

FIG. 5 illustrates how two adjacent formwork panels 2 can be clamped in alignment with one another in a stable manner by means of a connecting lock or a connecting clip. The connecting lock 30 consists essentially of an elongated base part 32 with a hollow rectangular cross section, an elongated wedge element 34 accommodated in the base part 32 and displaceable along the base part 32, and two clamp jaws 36 and 38. The one clamp jaw 36 is rigidly attached to the base part 32. The other clamp jaw 38 is pivotable about an axis 40 which extends between the two side walls of the base part 32. A rear lug 42 of the second clamp jaw 38 is in contact with an inclined surface 44 of the wedge element 34. The further the wedge element 34 is displaced to the right in FIG. 5, the more the second clamp jaw 38 is pivoted counterclockwise. In the closed state shown in Fig. 5, the front nose of the left clamp jaw 36 engages in the undercut of the left panel 2 and engages the front nose of the second clamp jaw 38 in the undercut of the right panel 2. When the wedge element 34 is moved far to the left in FIG. 5, a projection 46 of the wedge element 34 comes into contact with the rear nose 42 of the second Clamp jaw 38 and pivots the second clamp jaw 38 clockwise to its fully open position.

It is pointed out that the type of clamping of adjacent formwork panels 2 shown in FIG. 5 is by no means the only possible one. Furthermore, it is pointed out that if the formwork panels are designed appropriately, 2 connection locks, preferably connection locks 30 such as that shown in FIG. 5, can be used on all four edges for all-round clamping of adjacent formwork panels 2.

FIG. 6 illustrates how an externally threaded rod 50 can be inserted into a hole 20 mentioned above. The outer channels 14 give enough space for the rod 50 between the rear Feet 28 of the edge components 10 and the front material broadening 52 of the edge components 10. Furthermore, a wing nut 54 is shown, which engages with the thread of the rod 50 and is supported on the back of the two feet 28.

A variant is illustrated in FIG. 7, in which the cavity of the spacing component 8 closest to the edge has additional, longitudinal walls 56. The walls 56 provide additional stiffening there. In addition, the formwork panel 2 is easier to nail.

Fig. 8 illustrates that formwork panels 2 according to the invention can be produced in different widths. Here, one can proceed according to a grid system in that the spacing component 8 for the next wider formwork panel 2 is widened by two cavities, for example, and the front component 4 and the rear component 6 are likewise widened accordingly. Fig. 8 below illustrates a formwork panel 2 with an angular shape for concreting a right-angled inner corner. Analogously, a formwork panel 2 with an angular shape can be created for concreting an outside corner.

It is noted that the front component walls, the rear component walls and the spacer component walls do not all have to have the same material thickness as shown in the drawing. For example, the front component 4 can be given a greater wall thickness than the rear component 6 and the spacing component 8. It is also possible to vary the wall thickness within the respective component, for example in the middle area of the formwork panel 2 choose larger wall thicknesses than more to the edge. The drawn cavities 58 of the supporting structure can be foamed with foam plastic.

The drawing figures show that the edge components 10 are aligned on the back with the rear component 6. The formwork panels according to the invention can be stacked on top of one another in a good parallel manner, because their rear side is also closed, possibly with the exception of the channels 12. If the cavities 58 are foamed or the described end faces of the formwork panel 2 are also closed, no concrete can run into the cavities 58.

If edge components 10 are present, these provide an additional stiffening effect. It is therefore most sensible if the edge components 10 are provided running at least in the direction in which the formwork panel 2 is longer than in the transverse direction which can be seen in the drawing figures. Usual dimensions of the formwork panel 2 are a width of up to 1 m or even up to 1.5 m and a thickness of 5 to 10 cm. The length of the formwork panel 2 can be chosen practically as desired, with lengths of up to approximately 3 or 4 m generally being considered.

Instead of the drawn and described longitudinal hollow chamber structure of the formwork panel 2, a structure can also be selected from a correspondingly thick composite panel or sandwich panel, to which two or four edge components 10 are preferably attached.

Claims (13)

1. A shuttering panel (2) for concrete work,

   (a) having a shuttering panel supporting structure comprising:

   - a plate-like front portion (4) as shuttering surface,

   - a plate-like rear portion (6) and

   - an intermediate portion (8) bridging the distance between front portion (4) and rear portion (6),

   (b) the supporting structure having a cross-section of the type of a lattice beam with obliquely extending braces constituted by the intermediate portion (8),

   characterized by

   (c) rear-side channels (12) which are designed for the application of connecting locks (30) clamping together adjacent shuttering panels (2) and which are provided in the vicinity of at leat two opposite edges of the shuttering panel (2).
2. A shuttering panel (2) according to claim 1,
   characterized in that edge components (10) connected to the supporting structure are provided at least along two opposite edges of the shuttering panel (2).
3. A shuttering panel (2) according to at least one of claims 1 and 2,
   characterized in that it consists predominantly or completely of plastics material.
4. A shuttering panel (2) according to claim 3,
   characterized in that it consists integrally of extruded plastics material, preferably inclusive of the edge components (10) on two opposite edges.
5. A shuttering panel (2) according to at least one of claims 1 and 2,
   characterized in that the supporting structure consists substantially of metal.
6. A shuttering panel (2) according to claim 5,
   characterized in that the intermediate portion (8) comprises a sheet metal member bent substantially in zig-zag fashion and connected to the sheet metal of the rear portion.
7. A shuttering panel (2) according to at least one of claims 2 to 6,
   characterized in that the edge components (10) consist of metal.
8. A shuttering panel (2) according to at least one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that the channels (12) for the connecting locks (30) are undercut.
9. A shuttering panel (2) according to at least one of claims 1 to 8,
   characterized in that cavities (58) are present between the front portion (4) and the rear portion (6), with preferably at least some of said cavities adjacent the front portion (4) being filled with foamed material.
10. A shuttering panel (2) according to at least one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that outer longitudinally extending channels (14) are provided on at least two lateral sides.
11. A shuttering panel (2) according to at least one of claims 1 to 10,
    characterized by half holes in its edge portion, said half holes being open towards the rear side and towards the front side of the shuttering panel so that, when shuttering panels (2) are placed adjacent each other, rods (50) can be passed therethrough.
12. A shuttering panel (2) according to at least one of claims 1 to 11,
    characterized in that it has an on the whole angular configuration.
13. A shuttering for concrete work,
    characterized in that it is composed of a plurality of shuttering panels (2) according to at least one of claims 1 to 12 which are clamped together by means of connecting locks (30) applied on the rear side.

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