EP0213256B1 - Burnishing device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for deep rolling or smooth rolling of crankshafts with at least one movable rolling device, each of which contains a tool holder with at least one rolling element and a tool holder with at least one supporting element, and with at least one further rolling device, the rolling devices being moved from one to one Carriage attachable stand to be carried.

Facilities of the type described above are known and have proven themselves in practice. They can be constructed so that they can be placed on the bed slides of a lathe or a lathe-like machine as so-called attachment devices. The lathe can then accommodate, clamp and drive a workpiece to be rolled, preferably a crankshaft to be rolled, on the one hand in a chuck and on the other hand in the center point of the quill. The required rolling device is then manually applied with its tools to the bearing point to be rolled and the necessary rolling pressure is applied and the lathe is driven. A rolling device for connecting rod bearing journals to be rolled is carried along by the connecting rod bearing because of its oscillating suspension. In the rest position, it is kept in balance by spring elements.

The invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a device of the type described at the outset with which it is possible to at least match the rolling devices with the rolling tools to different crankshaft types with regard to the crankshaft stroke adapt.

This object is achieved in a device of the type described in the introduction in that the movable rolling devices are arranged in a positionally variable manner in relation to the other rolling devices in a radial plane of a crankshaft, a slide or a slide-like element being provided at least for the movable rolling devices Sled carrier is arranged, which in turn is arranged on a support element which is arranged on the stand. Such an arrangement of the rolling devices enables adaptation to different stroke sizes of the bearing points of a crankshaft by changing the position of the movable rolling devices in said radial plane. This makes it possible for the first time to adjust the stroke of such attachment devices which have at least two rolling devices. Sled constructions are particularly well-proven for carrying out linear changes in position and are safely mastered in production and maintenance. Such a structure also allows the desired mobility and is easy to manufacture. The constructive structure uses proven construction elements, which on the one hand are mastered safely and on the other hand guarantee high functional reliability.

According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that each movable rolling device is arranged in the associated radial plane in at least two independent coordinate directions in a linearly variable position, the support element being guided vertically displaceably and adjustably on the stand. This enables a simple construction for carrying out a desired change in position and, with simple means, vertical adjustment, in which case the rolling devices maintain their relative position to one another at least in the vertical direction. This enables adaptation to different pin diameters of the workpiece.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that at least one rolling device is arranged to be movable in a coordinate direction perpendicular to the radial plane mentioned. This enables problem-free adaptation to different distances between the surfaces to be machined in the axial direction.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that at least the movable rolling devices in a radial plane of a crankshaft are arranged so as to be variable in position regardless of the movement of the movable carriage. This further simplifies the construction and, at the same time, it is possible to bring the rolling devices into and out of engagement without changing the relative position of the rolling devices.

Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention that movable rolling devices are arranged such that they can be changed in position in relation to the other rolling devices in the axial direction of the crankshaft. This in turn simplifies the construction and, on the other hand, it becomes possible to keep the entire device in the axial direction in the same position, while the movable rolling device is used to adapt to different positions of the workpiece surfaces to be machined in the axial direction.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that each movable rolling device is pivotally suspended about a pivot axis parallel to the axis of a crankshaft to be rolled on a pivot arm which in turn is pivotally suspended on the device about an axis parallel to said pivot axis. This construction allows a simply designed, oscillating suspension of the rolling devices and enables the retraction of a retracted position without the entire facility having to be moved.

In a supplementary embodiment, it is also provided according to the invention that the stand and the support element are designed as round guides, the support element being guided in the stand in a non-rotatable but movable manner. This is a particularly simple constructive design to achieve the desired flexibility and adjustability.

Furthermore, it is proposed according to the invention that the axis parallel to the mentioned pivot axis continues as a circular guide and forms a slide which is slidably guided in a corresponding hole in the other slide. Here too, the use of a circular guide considerably simplifies construction and production.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is proposed that for locking the swivel arm in a swivel position on the slide, two fluid cylinders acting counter to the swivel arm are provided, which swivel the swivel arm into the desired position and hold it there. As a result, the desired locking is effected in an elegant and simple manner. Unmanageable mass accelerations in the positioning and subsequent locking of the swivel arm and the corresponding unpleasant effects on the entire facility are avoided.

Furthermore, it is proposed according to the invention that one of the two fluid cylinders determines a first pivot position of a cylinder with its first end position and a second pivot position of the swivel arm with its second end position, the second cylinder with less force than the first at least for fixing the first pivot position Cylinder is operated. This is the easiest way imaginable to move in and fix two desired position positions.

A supplementary embodiment of the invention provides that a pivotally mounted lever is provided on the pivot arm, which lever can be actuated by a fluid cylinder also arranged on the pivot arm, the free end of which can be pressed against the associated rolling device in order to bring it into a specific pivot position. With this simple means, a balancing of the rolling device, for example by means of springs, can be avoided, and the rolling device becomes simple and yet reliable in the correct pivot position held for repositioning. It is important here, however, and it should be pointed out that the pivot point of the deep rolling device lies in front of the pivot axis of the deep rolling device on the swivel arm, so that a clear direction of movement or pivoting direction of the deep rolling device is fixed.

Another embodiment of the invention in turn provides that the entire device is arranged on a bed slide of a machine for receiving and driving a crankshaft and is arranged to be displaceable together with the bed slide on the machine bed. In this way it is also possible, if necessary, to adjust the position of all the rolling devices in the axial direction, for example to successively roll all the bearing points of a multi-stroke crankshaft.

In a further embodiment according to the invention it is proposed that at least one further rolling element and / or support element is provided on at least one tool carrier, at least one rolling element being position-changeable in at least two positions, of which at least one position is a working position, at least the one in the working position Rolling element and / or at least one associated support element is kinematically connectable or connected to a power actuating means. The fact that the respective rolling device is movable and is connected to only one power actuating device ensures that only the rolling force occurs as a transverse force on the workpiece and is canceled out there. Additional lateral forces that could stress the workpiece and that result from the power actuation device are largely avoided. The presence of at least one further rolling element and / or support element, which can change position in the manner described, makes a tool exchange unnecessary in the case of corresponding workpieces, and time is thereby saved in production. At the same time, greater flexibility of the device is achieved because, within a certain frame, the device according to the invention can react to the design of the workpiece with a corresponding change in position of the rolling elements and / or the support elements. It it is also possible to use fewer rolling devices in a single device and to move them to the point to be rolled on the workpiece and to make a selection by changing the position of the support elements and / or the rolling elements, so that a at the respective place of work suitable tool is used.

In a supplementary embodiment, it is also provided according to the invention that at least one rolling element and / or support element is arranged on the tool carrier in a variable position. The fact that at least one rolling element and / or support element is arranged in a positionally variable manner on the tool carrier can simplify the construction of the device, at least in certain applications, and this positional variability can at the same time facilitate the introduction of a workpiece into the device. Due to the change in position mentioned, it is not only possible if necessary. to bring different elements to the place of use, but it is also possible to remove corresponding elements from the place of use and return them to the place of use after inserting a workpiece into the machine.

In a constructive embodiment of the invention it is proposed that each rolling element and each support element is an element of a roller head. Roller heads with rolling elements are already known and have proven themselves. The use of such roller heads in a device of the type according to the invention further increases the economy of such a device, e.g. in that the spare parts inventory can be reduced and can essentially be limited to the roller heads. In addition, the use of such roller heads enables a simpler construction of the device.

It is further provided according to the invention that for each rolling element and / or for each support element or Support element pair or roller element pair an independent roller head is provided. As a result, the structure of the roller heads can be standardized, so that the same roller heads can always be used even in the case of devices with different numbers of rolling elements, so that the different number of roller elements is achieved simply by varying the roller heads.

It is further proposed according to the invention that each roller head is arranged in a variable position on the associated tool carrier. This is an easy way to bring the respective roller head into a desired position.

In a supplementary embodiment, it is also proposed according to the invention that at least one tool holder is provided with a tool holder which is positionally variable in at least two predetermined or predeterminable positions, with at least one rolling element or support element which can be brought into said positions via the tool holder, at least one in Rolling element located in the working position and / or an associated support element is or can be connected kinematically to a power actuating means. A position-changeable tool holder, equipped with corresponding rolling elements or supporting elements, is structurally simple to implement. As a result, rolling elements and support elements can be carried and guided at the same time.

In addition, it is further proposed according to the invention that the tool holder is designed as a roller head for the rolling element and / or the support element. In this way it is possible to realize the inventive idea even in structurally restricted conditions. The overall structure is thereby simplified at the same time.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that at least one tool holder carries at least one roller head. In this way, on the one hand, different equipment of the device can be achieved in adaptation to certain production conditions and, on the other hand, it is at least partially possible to use already existing roller heads.

It is further proposed according to the invention that at least two roller heads are arranged in variable positions in at least two positions, of which at least one position is the working position. With a simple arrangement of this type, a large number of different workpiece dimensions can already be mastered.

It is further proposed according to the invention that the roller heads are arranged on a guide for changing the position. This is a space-saving and simple construction for changing the position. The roller elements and / or support elements are then changed in their position at the same time with the roller heads.

It is also proposed according to the invention that an actuating device is provided for carrying out the change in position, it then being further proposed that at least one fluid-operated piston-cylinder unit is provided as the actuating device. Actuators Specifically tailored to the implementation of the change in position and appropriately designed and arranged, they are easy to implement and facilitate the implementation of the change in position.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that at least one more position is predefined or predeterminable for the tool holder than it carries roller heads. As a result, even with a multiple arrangement of roller heads, it is possible to achieve a position in which none of the existing roller heads is in the working position. This facilitates the overall exchange of the tools and in particular the exchange of broken rolling rolls, and it can thereby possibly. the work for placing the rolling devices on the workpiece can also be facilitated.

It is further provided according to the invention that the movable rolling device consists essentially of two scissors-like arms which are kinematically connected to a force actuating means for generating the rolling force. Such a configuration allows high rolling forces to be exerted on the workpiece in a small installation space, these rolling forces canceling each other out on the workpiece itself, so that an additional, undesirable radial load on the workpiece resulting from the rolling force is prevented. It must be emphasized here that the scissor-like connection of the arms does not have to mean that a hinge point is present approximately in the middle of the arms. It is also possible to place the joint point at one end of the arms, for example, and thus to connect the ends of the arms to one another.

The other ends then carry the tools and it is then possible to kinematically connect power actuating means on either side of these tools to these arms to generate the rolling force. Such a construction creates favorable leverage for generating the rolling force. It must therefore be expressly pointed out that the scissor-like connection which connects the arms to one another in an articulated manner does not necessarily have to be designed as shown, although such a design can also be particularly expedient. In principle, of course, no scissors-like connection must be provided at all, but it is also possible to guide and move the tool carriers, for example, parallel to one another and to connect them kinematically with a force actuating means, so that the tool carriers can be moved parallel to and away from one another.

Finally, it is also proposed according to the invention that at least one rolling device is provided with at least one rolling element and / or at least one support element, which is each arranged in a fixed position with respect to the associated tool carrier. For certain applications, it may be advantageous to change the rolling elements and / or supporting elements or to bring them into or out of the working position by changing the position of the entire rolling device accordingly. The rolling elements and / or support elements must then be arranged in a fixed position in relation to the associated tool carrier.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show an exemplary embodiment are explained.

Figur 1

Festwalzgerät in Seitenansicht

Figur 2

Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils A nach Figur 1

Figur 3

Variante zu Figur 1

Figur 4

Festwalzgerät mit Trageinrichtung und Ständer in Seitenansicht

Figur 5

Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils B nach Figur 4

Figur 6

Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils C nach Figur 4

Show it:

Figure 1

Deep rolling device in side view

Figure 2

View in the direction of arrow A according to FIG. 1

Figure 3

Variant of Figure 1

Figure 4

Deep rolling device with support and stand in side view

Figure 5

View in the direction of arrow B according to FIG. 4

Figure 6

View in the direction of arrow C according to FIG. 4

A deep rolling device 1 or 1 'is pivotally suspended on a swivel arm 51 in the plane of the drawing by means of the articulated axis 60. The swivel arm 51, which consists of two parallel legs, also carries a lever 56, which is also pivotably arranged in the plane of the drawing, and is operatively connected to a fluid cylinder 57 which is also fastened to the swivel arm 51. The free end 58 of the lever 56 can be pressed via the fluid cylinder 57 in the manner shown in FIG. 4 against the deep-rolling device 1 or 1 ', whereby the said deep-rolling device is caused to perform a pivoting movement in the plane of the drawing about the pivot axis 60. With this pivoting movement, said deep rolling device is to be pivoted into the position shown in FIG for repositioning to another crankshaft type and for placing the devices on the bearings to be rolled. Here, the deep rolling devices 1 and 1 'are arranged such that their center of gravity S is in the manner shown in Figure 4 in front of the pivot axis 60 so that the weight of the respective deep rolling device presses it against the free end 58 of the lever 56. During the rolling operation, the free end 58 of the lever 56 is pivoted away so that the mobility of the deep rolling device 1 or 1 'concerned is not hindered.

The swivel arm 51 in turn is pivotally suspended on a carriage 47 via an axis 40 arranged parallel to the swivel axis 60. The slide 47 is displaceably guided in a slide carrier 48 with the slide guides 49 transversely to the crankshaft axis 46. The carriage carrier 48, in turn, is carried by a support element 41 designed as a round guide, which in turn is arranged vertically adjustable in a stand 42. The direction of adjustment mentioned is indicated by arrow 66 (FIG. 5). For this purpose, the support element 41 can be equipped on its inner lower side with a threaded nut which cooperates with a threaded spindle 67. The threaded spindle 67 is rotatably mounted in the interior of the stator 42, but is axially immovable, and has a bevel gear 68 which cooperates with a corresponding bevel gear 69 of an adjusting device 70. In the exemplary embodiment, the adjusting device 70 is designed as a shaft with a square, so that this shaft is attached to the above by means of a key or a handwheel Square can be turned. Of course, a suitably controlled motor can also be used to achieve automation.

In order to achieve an adjustment of the deep rolling device 1 or 1 ′ to a different stroke of the crankshaft, the slide 47 in the slide guides 49 of the slide carrier 48 can be adjusted transversely to the crankshaft axis 46. For this purpose, a boom 62 is provided on the slide carrier 48, on which a handwheel of an adjustment drive 45 is rotatably mounted. This handwheel is connected to a threaded spindle 63, which engages in a corresponding thread 71 of the slide 47, so that when the handwheel 45 of the slide 47 rotates, it is correspondingly displaced radially. Here too, of course, an appropriately controlled motor drive can be provided instead of the handwheel to achieve automation.

As can be seen particularly easily from FIG. 4, in addition to the deep rolling device 1 or 1 ′ for processing the connecting rod bearing journals, the device also has a fixedly arranged rolling device 50 for processing a main bearing 3. This rolling device 50 is slightly flexible, as can easily be seen in FIG. 5, attached to the slide carrier 48. As already described, the slide 47 is guided in the slide carrier 48 and, as a circular guide, in turn carries the slide 43, on the extended axis 40 of which, as already described, the swivel arm 51 is arranged on the outside. This carriage 43 is arranged in the carriage 47 so as to be displaceable in the direction of the arrow 72. This can be achieved are via the adjusting drive 44, which is designed as a handwheel in the exemplary embodiment, and the threaded spindle 61 connected to the handwheel, which engages in a corresponding thread of the slide 43. Handwheel 44 with threaded spindle 61 is axially immovable but rotatably mounted in the slide 47, so that the slide 43 is moved axially when the handwheel 44 is rotated accordingly. As a result, the lateral distance between the rolling device 1 or 1 ′ and the rolling device 50 can be changed, so that the device with the rolling devices can be set up for different bearing distances of a crankshaft to be rolled. Here too, of course, the handwheel 44 can be replaced by a suitably controlled motor drive, as a result of which the adjustment described can also be automated.

In order to move the entire device into the working position or to move it back out of the working position, the entire device is arranged on a bed slide 73 so as to be displaceable transversely to the crankshaft axis in the direction of arrow 59 '. The displacement can take place in a manner that is no longer shown, for example via a fluid cylinder or via a threaded spindle with a manual drive or motor drive. While the displacement of the carriage 47 in the direction of the arrow 59 serves to adjust the stroke of the crankshaft, the displacement of the entire device on the bed carriage 73 in the direction of the arrow 59 'is required in order, as already mentioned, to bring the entire device into the working position or remove from the working position.

By adjusting the carriage 43, the relative position of the rolling device 50 and the rolling device 1 or 1 'to one another can be set, so that the rolling devices can be set to different bearing distances between the main bearing and connecting rod bearing of a crankshaft. If several main bearings and / or connecting rod bearings of a crankshaft have to be rolled, a displacement axially along the crankshaft axis 46 of the entire device is necessary while maintaining the relative position of the rolling device 50 and the rolling device 1 or 1 'to one another. This is achieved by moving the bed carriage 73 on the associated machine bed in the direction of the arrow 72 '. For this purpose, for example, the bed slide 73 can be moved in a known manner via a threaded spindle 74 on the bed in the direction of the arrow 72 '. Here, this threaded spindle 74 can be controlled by hand or by means of a suitably controlled motor drive, so that the displacement movement in the direction of the arrow 72 'can also be automated.

Below the carriage 47, once in front of and once behind the swivel arm 51, fluid cylinders 52 and 53 are provided on the carriage 47 via holding pieces 75 and 76. The piston rods 64 and 65 of the fluid cylinders mentioned can be brought into contact with the swivel arm 51, each acting in the opposite direction. To move the swivel arm 51 into a first swivel position 54, the fluid cylinder 53 is operated with greater force than the other fluid cylinder and the piston rod 65 is extended until it stops. As a result, the swivel arm 51 reaches the first pivot position 54. To lock this first pivot position 54, the piston rod 64 of the fluid cylinder 52 is moved against the pivot arm 51, but with less force than the force of the piston rod 65, so that in the first pivot position 54 the pivot arm 51 is clamped between the piston rods 65 and 64 and thus is locked. In this swivel position, the deep rolling devices can be placed on the bearings to be rolled.

However, it can also be retracted from the pivot arm 51 a second pivot position 55 in that the piston rod 65 of the fluid cylinder 53 is fully retracted and the piston rod 64 of the fluid cylinder 52 is now extended so far that the pivot arm 51 due to its pivoting movement again to abut the retracted one Piston rod 65 comes. The second pivot position 55 is then reached. As a result, the deep rolling device in question can also be swung out of the work area of the device on its own without the entire device having to be moved back from the working position and without the basic positioning of the device having to be changed. If the second swivel position 55 is not sufficient for this, the lever 56 can also be swiveled so that the free end 58 no longer bears against the deep-rolling device 1 or 1 'and, because of the position of the center of gravity S in the plane of the drawing, it folds downward. As a result, while maintaining the above-mentioned positioning of the device, the rolling device 50 can also be used for processing only one main bearing 3 alone. This can especially be the case be advantageous if a straightening process of the crankshaft is also to be carried out simultaneously with the rolling device by means of the deep rolling process.

Despite the relative position of the devices 50 and 1 or 1 'relative to one another in the vertical direction, it is possible in a simple manner to position the device on changing diameters of the main bearing journal and / or the connecting rod bearing journal. In Figure 4, to the left of the entire device, a crankshaft is shown schematically in cross section with a main bearing 3 and two connecting rod bearings 4. So that the entire device can be brought into the working position in the open state, so that the main bearing 3 from the rolling device 50 and a connecting rod bearing 4 from Rolling device 1 or 1 'can be processed, the connecting rod bearing 4 must be rotated in the machine which receives the crankshaft and which is not shown in such a way that a plane 78 which runs parallel to the direction of the arrow 59', both that Main bearing 3 and connecting rod bearing 4 are affected. If this position is reached, the entire device can be moved simply by moving in the direction of arrow 59 on the one hand over the main bearing 3 and on the other hand over the connecting rod bearing 4 and the rolling devices 50 and 1 or 1 'can be closed to carry out the rolling operation. If the diameter of the connecting rod bearing 4 is changed at a next crankshaft to be machined, then the rotational angle position of the crankshaft only has to be changed accordingly in the said machine, not shown, so that the plane 78 again forms a tangent to the main bearing 3 and the connecting rod bearing 4 . However, if the diameter of the main bearing 3 changes, the plane 78 moves because of the fixed center of the machine receiving the crankshaft vertically upward, so that a corresponding vertical correction must be carried out by a corresponding vertical adjustment of the support element 41 in the direction of arrow 66.

When changing the crankshaft types, it often happens that at the same time as changing the crankshaft type, not only does the stroke size and the angular position of the crankpin change, but the transition radii to be rolled, the diameters, can also change at the same time, or only on their own of the bearings to be rolled and the bearing widths of the bearings to be rolled change. This then requires a change of the tools concerned, which must be carried out manually in the prior art. A supplementary development of the machine according to the invention is also intended to remedy this deficiency and also to enable automatic adaptation of the machine for the described further changes to the different dimensions on different crankshafts. For this purpose, the respective deep rolling device must be designed accordingly. The necessary structure of such deep rolling devices is shown in Figures 1 to 3. The deep-rolling device 1 consists essentially of two arms 6 and 7. These arms 6 and 7 are connected to one another in a known manner via the tabs 23 and the hinge pin 24 in a scissor-like manner. At the opposite rear ends 8 and 9, a piston-cylinder unit 10 is also arranged in a known manner, which moves the arms 6 and 7 like pliers or scissors. The state of the art is at the end 11 opposite the end 8 and at the end 12 opposite the end 9 arranged on an arm 6 or 7 of the required roller head. In the deep rolling device according to the invention, however, the hinge pins 25 and 26 are provided there, which carry the fork-shaped levers 19 and 20 in an articulated manner. The levers 19 and 20 can thus swing freely about their hinge pins 25 and 26, as indicated by the arrows 27 and 26 '.

A piston-cylinder unit 21 is connected via a piston rod to the lever 19 via a joint 28, while the cylinder of the piston-cylinder unit 21 is supported on the lever 6. In the switching position shown in FIG. 1, the lever 19 is in the angular position 15. At the second end of the lever 19, known deep-rolling tools 13 and 13 ', designed as a double tool in the exemplary embodiment shown, are arranged. In the angular position 15 of the lever 19, the deep rolling roller head 13 is in the working position.

Arranged opposite the deep rolling roller head 13, in a manner known per se, is a support roller head 14 which is arranged on the lever 20. The angular position 17 of the lever 20 holds the support roller head 14 in the working position, so that the transition radii 2 on the main bearing 3 can be rolled. For this it is necessary that the levers 6 and 7 are moved via the piston-cylinder unit 10 in a manner known per se and thus the deep rolling roller head 13 and the support roller head 14 are brought into contact with the corresponding bearing points of the crankshaft 5. In this way, of course, not only the main bearing 3 of the crankshaft 5, but just as well Connecting rod bearings 4 are rolled in the area of the fillets 2. For this purpose, only a corresponding device has to be arranged. However, the multiple arrangement of such devices is known from the literature on the prior art which has already been cited. A detailed description of this multiple arrangement can therefore be dispensed with here. For this, reference can be made to the cited literature on the prior art.

For the machining of the crankshaft 5, this is, as shown in FIG. 2, received between centers and driven centrally.

The machining of the crankshaft can now be carried out in a manner already known in the prior art. If a crankshaft 5 now arrives as the next workpiece with, for example, modified fillet radii, the deep-rolling roller head 13 'can be matched to this. In order then to be able to roll the crank shaft 5 with the changed transition radii 2, the piston-cylinder unit 21 is actuated so that its piston rod retracts. As a result, the lever 19 is moved from the angular position 15 into the angular position 16. As a result, the deep rolling roller head 13 'comes into the working position and the crankshaft 5 with the changed radii can be rolled. The pivoting movement in the direction of arrow 27 of the lever 19 is of course in no way limited to the two switching positions described in the exemplary embodiment. More than two switching positions can also be provided. Likewise, more than two deep rolling roller heads can be used. But depending on the application of the deep rolling device 1, it may also make sense to provide only a single deep rolling roller head 13, for example when the now possible swiveling movement via the lever 19 is only or preferably to serve to simplify the tool change for the tool 13 or in the event of a break of the deep rolling rollers 40 'by changing the deep rolling rollers 40' Simplify better accessibility. However, the insertion of the workpiece can also be simplified by such a pivoting movement.

The support roller head 14 can also be pivoted in the direction of the arrow 26 ', for example by means of the handle 22 from the angular position 17, which represents the working position, into the angular position 18. For this purpose, only the locking bolt 29 is removed so that the lever 20 can now be pivoted effortlessly via the handle 22. In the angular position 18, the locking bolt 29 is then reinserted and then sits in the bore 30 of the arm 7. In this swivel position, the support roller head 14 can be replaced effortlessly. However, it is also conceivable to design the lever 20 in the embodiment of the lever 19, so that the lever 20 can carry several different support roller heads for different bearing designs.

The construction of a deep rolling device 1 'according to FIG. 3 is very similar to that of the deep rolling device described so far. The arm 7 with the support roller head 14, which is articulated via the lever 20 on the arm 7 via the hinge pin 26, can be constructed exactly as already described for FIG. This lever 7 is in turn articulated by means of the hinge pin 24 and the tab 23 with an arm 6 ' connected, wherein the first ends 8 'and 9 of the arms 6' and 7 are connected to a piston-cylinder unit 10 which is intended to cause the pivoting movement of the arms relative to one another and which generates the necessary rolling force.

The arm 6 'differs in its construction from the arm 6 according to FIG. 1. In the area of the second end 11 'of the arm 6', this has a slide guide 37 on the underside, on which one or more slides 35 can be arranged. The one or more slides 35 are displaceable in the direction of arrow 36. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, the carriages 35 carry deep-rolling roller heads 31, 32 and 33. Since several sliding carriages 35 are provided in the exemplary embodiment, the deep-rolling roller heads 31 to 33 are connected to one another via brackets 38. The deep rolling roller head 31 is here in the working position 34, while the deep rolling roller heads 32 and 33 are available for a roller head change.

To carry out a sliding movement of the roller heads 31 to 33 on the slide guide 37, the roller head 33 is connected with its associated slide 35 via an arm 39 to the piston-cylinder unit 21 '. An inward and outward movement of the piston rod of this piston-cylinder unit 21 'brings about a corresponding displacement of the slide 35 and thus of the roller heads 31 to 33 in the direction of the arrow 36. As a result, any desired roller head can be brought into the working position 34 or removed from it will. In the respective working position, the roller head in the working position can be locked mechanically or via a position control of the piston of the piston-cylinder unit 21 'are held in the working position 34.

With this type of construction, it is entirely possible to design the respective slide 35 as a fixed component of an assigned roller head. It is also possible to design several roller heads as a unit so that there is only one roller head as an assembly, but which has several work stations.

Likewise, it is of course also possible to use a roller head arrangement as described for the lever 6 ′ in the form of support roller heads on the arm 7. The arm 7 then only has to be formed at its second end 12 corresponding to the end 11 'of the arm 6'.

It should also be pointed out that the rolling elements 40 'and the supporting elements 41' can have different dimensions both from one another and from roller head to roller head in adaptation to the dimensions of the workpiece to be machined.

List of the reference symbols used

1

Deep rolling device

1'

Deep rolling device

2nd

Transition radii

3rd

Main camp

4th

Connecting rod bearings

5

crankshaft

6

poor

6 '

poor

7

poor

8th

first end

8th'

first end

9

first end

10th

Piston-cylinder unit

11

second end

11 '

second end

12

second end

13

Deep rolling roller head

13 '

Deep rolling roller head

14

Support roller head

15

Angular position

16

Angular position

17th

Angular position

18th

Angular position

19th

Tool holder

20th

Tool holder

21

Piston-cylinder unit

21 '

Piston-cylinder unit

22

Handle

23

Tab

24th

Hinge pin

25th

Hinge pin

26

Hinge pin

26 '

arrow

27th

arrow

28

joint

29

Locking bolt

30th

drilling

31

Deep rolling roller head

32

Deep rolling roller head

33

Deep rolling roller head

34

Working position

35

carriage

36

arrow

37

Sled guide

38

Tabs

39

poor

40

axis

40 '

Rolling element

41

Support element

41 '

Support element

42

Stand

43

carriage

44

Adjustment drive

45

Adjustment drive

46

Crankshaft axis

47

carriage

48

Sled carrier

49

Sled guide

50

Rolling device (main bearing)

51

Swivel arm

52

Fluid cylinder

53

Fluid cylinder

54

first swivel position

55

second swivel position

56

lever

57

Fluid cylinder

58

free end

59

arrow

59 '

arrow

60

Swivel axis

61

Threaded spindle

62

boom

63

Threaded spindle

64

Piston rod

65

Piston rod

66

arrow

67

Threaded spindle

68

Bevel gear

69

Bevel gear

70

Adjustment device

71

thread

72

arrow

72 '

arrow

73

Bed sledge

74

Threaded spindle

75

Holding piece

76

Holding piece

77

unused

78

level

Claims (27)

1. Device for deep-rolling or smooth-rolling crankshafts, having at least one movable rolling device (1, 1'), each of which contains a tool holder (6, 6') having at least one rolling element (40'), and a tool holder (7, 7') having at least one support element (41'), as well as at least one further rolling device (50), wherein the rolling devices (1, 1', 50) are supported on a stand (42), which can be placed on a carriage (73), characterised in that the moveable rolling devices (1, 1') are disposed so as to be displaceable relative to the other rolling devices (50) in a radial plane of a crankshaft (5), wherein, for this, a carriage (47) or a carriage-like element is provided for the movable rolling devices, which is disposed on a carriage support (48), which in turn is disposed on a support element (41), which is disposed on the stand (42).
2. Device as in claim 1, characterised in that each movable rolling device (1, 1') is disposed so as to be linearly displaceable in the associated radial plane in at least two independent coordinate directions, wherein the support element (41) is movable vertically and is adjustably guided on the stand (42).
3. Device as in at least one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that at least one rolling device (1, 1') is movably disposed in a coordinate direction perpendicular to the said radial plane.
4. Device as in at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that at least the movable rolling devices are displaceably disposed in a radial plane of a crankshaft independently of the movement of the movable carriage.
5. Device as in at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that movable rolling devices are disposed so as to be displaceable relative to the other rolling devices in the axial direction of the crankshaft.
6. Device as in at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that each movable rolling device is suspended on a swivel arm (51) so as to be pivotable about a swivel axis (60) parallel to the axis (46) of a crankshaft (5) to be rolled, the swivel arm in turn being suspended on the device so as to be pivotable about an axis (40), which is parallel to said swivel axis (60).
7. Device as in at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the stand (42) and the support element (41) are in the form of a circular guide, wherein the support element (41) is non-rotatably but movably guided on the stand (42).
8. Device as in at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the axis (40), which is parallel to the said swivel axis, continues in the form of a circular guide and forms a carriage (43), which is displaceably guided in a corresponding bore in the other carriage (47).
9. Device as in at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that, to lock the swivel arm (51) in a swivel position on the carriage (47), two flow medium cylinders (52, 53) are provided, which act on the swivel arm (51) in an opposed manner and which pivot the swivel arm (51) into the desired position and hold it therein.
10. Device as in at least claim 9, characterised in that, of the two flow medium cylinders (52, 53), one cylinder (53) determines a first swivel position (54) by its first end position and a second swivel position (55) by its second end position, wherein the second cylinder (52) is operated with less force than the first cylinder (53), at least for fixing the first swivel position (54).
11. Device as in at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that a pivotally mounted lever (56) is provided on the swivel arm (51) and is actuatable by a flow medium cylinder (57), which is also disposed on the swivel arm (51) and the free end (58) of which can be pressed against the associated rolling device (1, 1') in order to bring it into a certain swivel position (Fig. 4).
12. Device as in at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the entire device is disposed on a bed carriage of a machine for holding and driving a crankshaft, and, together with the bed carriage, is displaceably disposed on the machine bed.
13. Device as in at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that at least one further rolling element (40') and/or support element (41') is provided on at least one tool holder (6, 6', 7), wherein at least one rolling element (40') is displaceable into at least two positions, at least one of which is a working position (34), wherein at least the rolling element in the working position and/or at least one associated support element is kinematically connectable or connected to a power operation means.
14. Device as in at least claim 13, characterised in that at least one rolling element (40') and/or support element (41') is displaceably disposed on the tool holder (6, 6', 7).
15. Device as in at least claim 13, characterised in that each rolling element (40') and each support element (41') is an element of a roller head (13, 13'; 31-33; 14).
16. Device as in at least claim 15, characterised in that an independent roller head is provided for each rolling element (40) and/or for each support element (41') or pair of support elements or pair of rolling elements.
17. Device as in at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that each roller head (13, 13'; 31-33;' 14) is displaceably disposed on the associated tool holder (6, 6', 7).
18. Device as in claim 1, characterised in that, on at least one tool holder (6, 7), there is provided a tool holder (19, 20), which is displaceable into at least two predetermined or predeterminable positions (15-18), having at least one rolling element (40') or support element (41'), which can be moved by way of the tool holder (19, 20) into the said positions, wherein at least one rolling element, which is in the working position, and/or at least one associated support element is kinematically connectable or connected to a power operation means.
19. Device as in at least claim 18, characterised in that the tool holder (19, 20) is in the form of a roller head for the rolling element (40') and/or the support element (41').
20. Device as in at least claim 18, characterised in that at least one tool holder (19, 20) carries at least one roller head (13, 13', 14).
21. Device as in at least one of claims 13 to 19, characterised in that at least two roller heads (31-33) are disposed so as to be displaceable into at least two positions, at least one of which is the working position (34).
22. Device as in at least claim 21, characterised in that the roller heads (31-33) are disposed on a guide for displacement.
23. Device as in at least claim 21 or 22, characterised in that an actuating device (21') is provided for carrying out the displacement.
24. Device as in at least claim 23, characterised in that at least one flow-medium-actuated piston/cylinder unit is provided as the actuating device (21, 21').
25. Device as in at least claim 19, characterised in that the tool holder (19, 20) is given or can be given at least one position more than the number of roller heads it carries.
26. Device as in at least one of claims 13 to 25, characterised in that the movable rolling device substantially comprises two arms, which are articulatedly connected to one another in the manner of scissors, and which are connected kinematically to a power operation means to generate the rolling force.
27. Device as in at least one of claims 13 to 26, characterised in that at least one rolling device (1, 1') is provided having at least one rolling element and/or at least one support element, which is disposed respectively in a position which is fixed with respect to the associated tool holder.

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