EP0281046B1 - Mould for the pouring of building parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The mould for pouring, having two mould walls limited at the pouring edge and comprising a plurality of adjoining moulding boards and also supporting profiles which support these on the mould outer surface, is to be constructed such that as wide a variety of applications as possible is permitted and the handling is simple, particularly with regard to the adaptability of the mould. For this purpose, the mould (10) is constructed to be longitudinally adjustable both in its vertical extent and also in at least one horizontal direction, in each case two supporting profiles (14), vertical in the installed position, being connected, close to their upper and lower ends, by telescopically extendable ridge or transverse profiles (22, 30) to form a frame which is adjustable in height in a modular dimension (i4) and is stiffened by diagonal tensioning elements (34). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a formwork with two formwork walls delimiting a casting space, which has a plurality of adjoining formwork panels, these support profiles supporting the formwork outer surface and stiffening elements.

A formwork of this kind is disclosed in DD-A-90 862 on the basis of a special construction for room formwork; a transverse profile made of several longitudinal parts is supported by means of a threaded rod which is rotatably screwed into a yoke of the transverse profile on the one hand and into a scissor member of a spreader rod having several joints on the other. The latter is fixed between two wall formwork or in a special frame that also accommodates that cross section and is optionally provided with an additional scissor element instead of the yoke.

FR-A-2504 580 shows a formwork which is variable in length both in its vertical extent and in at least one horizontal direction.

CH-PS 574 553 describes formwork with formwork panels which are joined together with their angularly bent longitudinal edges and are fixed by wedges. These wedges engage in slots of perforated tabs of both formwork panels, which are arranged one above the other and, if necessary, pass through a double-perforated connecting tab. The structure of this formwork is complicated and can only be used for certain purposes.

In view of these circumstances, the inventor has set itself the goal of designing a generic formwork of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it is as versatile as possible in use and easy to use, particularly with regard to the adaptability of the formwork. In addition, despite the variability of the formwork, its stability should ensure safe concreting work.

The teaching according to claim 1 leads to the solution of this problem. In the formwork described at the outset, therefore, two - releasable girder sections in a grid dimension or a multiple thereof - in the installed position, vertical girder profiles near their upper and lower ends are formed by telescopically extendable Ridge or cross profiles connected to a frame that is adjustable in height and stiffened by diagonal clamping elements. In addition, this formwork is designed to be variable in length, as is known per se, both in its vertical extent and in at least one horizontal direction in the grid dimension. Such a frame field takes account of the desire for optimal adaptability of the scaffold dimensions to the respective building project and forms an essential part of the formwork scaffold according to the invention.

Further advantageous refinements can be found in the subclaims.

It has proven to be favorable for the vertical change in length, the support profiles with detachable support sections to be provided in grid dimensions or a multiple thereof. The ridge profile can also have support sections and a T-support connecting them to an end support piece.

According to a further feature of the invention, the lower cross section is provided with axially interlocking tubular parts and extended by extension parts. The ridge profile and / or the cross profile advantageously rests with end pins on the I-beams; these pins penetrate the inner flanges of the beams and are wedged against them.

This formwork according to the invention contains a ceiling shell in a manner known per se, since the side walls and ceiling of the building are to be cast simultaneously. This ceiling shell rests on the one hand on the ridge profiles described, on the other hand on side profiles that run along the side walls of the formwork and rest on the I-beams. At the formwork corners, the side profiles are connected to one another by corner pieces, which offer a wide contact surface for the ceiling shell and thus prevent any sagging in the corners.

Of particular importance for the formwork system according to the invention are formwork panels with hollow profiles running on one longitudinal edge, which overlap on their longitudinal edge and thus enable the free edge of the adjacent formwork panel to be created. In addition, the formwork panel is preferably provided with two swivel strips or swivel bolts, which are each articulated at a short distance from one of the side edges. The distance to the side edge is dimensioned such that the pivoting strips can be pivoted in the installed position of the formwork panel over the flange of a vertical profile which is in contact with this and covers the impact caused by the adjacent side edges. According to the invention, this vertical profile is provided with protruding locking pins which are received by locking recesses in the swivel strips and which then enable secure locking.

In addition, support profiles according to the invention are used, with two of these support profiles facing each other on both sides of the formwork and gripping vertically over the hollow profiles of the formwork panels. These pairs of support profiles are each supplemented by - through the formwork - toggle bolts to form a ladder-like clamping part.

This results in three different vertical elements for the formwork according to the invention, namely on the one hand the I-beams, on the other hand the support profiles in front of the hollow profiles of the formwork panels and also the profiles which cover the vertical joints between the formwork panels and at the same time enable their locking. These three different vertical profiles have different tasks. The I-beams form the base frame of the formwork and are at a relatively large distance from each other. The support profiles hold the formwork panels at the two ends of their hollow profiles. Finally, the vertical cover profiles are intended for closing the joints and locking the formwork panels, so they otherwise have no supporting function.

Protection is sought independently for arranging a lateral covering of the formwork, the core of which is formed by a clamping element which is placed on an outer flange of an I-beam and from which an articulated inclined support extends, which on the other hand or against an earth slope or the like. can be supported.

According to the invention, the clamping element has, as a clamping lock, two housing plates which overlap the outer flange on its side edges and in which one axially penetrating axle support which is fixedly connected at one end to a radial rotary lever is supported. According to the invention, the housing plates are each provided with an internal cheek piece or the like. provided, which in the installed position abut the inner flange surfaces of the I-beam and which each have a movable clamping counterpart on the outer flange surface. This is advantageously designed as an eccentrically mounted disc, which is firmly seated on that axle bolt and can be pressed onto the outer flange by its rotation or pulled away from the latter. So that a very simple and effective way of fastening the clamp lock is found.

The free end of the inclined support is equipped according to a further feature of the invention with a cross bolt, or the like at its two ends radial bores for receiving parts of an earth anchor. offers.

Fig. 1

einen schematisierten Querschnitt durch Teile einer Schalung gemäß Schnittlinie I - I in Fig. 2;

Fig. 2

die Draufsicht auf eine Schalung;

Fig. 3

einen vergrößerten Querschnitt durch ein Detail der Fig. 1 nach deren Linie III-III;

Fig. 4

einen vertikalen Längsschnitt durch einen Teil der Schalung nach deren Füllung mit Beton;

Fig. 5

eine zu Fig. 4 in einem Winkel von 90° gedrehte Ansicht;

Fig. 6

einen vergrößerten Schnitt durch ein Detail der Fig. 5 nach deren Linie VI - VI;

Fig. 7

die Stirnansicht einer Schalungsplatte;

Fig. 8

die Frontansicht zu Fig. 7;

Fig. 9

den vergrößerten Teilschnitt durch Fig. 8 nach deren Linie IX - IX;

Fig. 10

eine schematisierte Seitenansicht zu einer weiteren Ausführung der Schalung;

Fig. 11

ein vergrößertes Detail aus Fig. 10;

Fig. 12

einen Längsschnitt durch Fig. 11.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in

Fig. 1

a schematic cross section through parts of a formwork along section line I - I in Fig. 2;

Fig. 2

the top view of a formwork;

Fig. 3

an enlarged cross section through a detail of Figure 1 along the line III-III.

Fig. 4

a vertical longitudinal section through part of the formwork after its filling with concrete;

Fig. 5

a view rotated to Figure 4 at an angle of 90 °.

Fig. 6

an enlarged section through a detail of Figure 5 along the line VI - VI.

Fig. 7

the front view of a formwork panel;

Fig. 8

the front view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9

the enlarged partial section through Figure 8 along the line IX - IX.

Fig. 10

a schematic side view of another embodiment of the formwork;

Fig. 11

an enlarged detail of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12

10 shows a longitudinal section through FIG. 11.

The side walls of a formwork 10 having a rectangular layout consist of an inner wall 11 and an outer wall 12 which is set up at a distance a (from here about 20 cm), both of which are supported by external I-beams 14 which are vertical in the installed position.

The vertical I-beam 14 are composed of carrier sections 14 _{a of} an exemplary length i₁ = 200 cm, 14 _b (i₂ = 75 cm) and 14 _c (i₃ = 50 cm) in the illustrated embodiment. In Fig. 1, right, further length examples - with a support section 14 _d of length i₄ of 25 cm - are shown. These carrier sections 14 _a to 14 _d are covered at the top by head plates 18 and at the bottom by foot plates 17, which according to the enlarged section of FIG. 1 of a front view of the I-beam 14 project laterally from the latter. The long top support section 14 _a has at its upper end in the installed position an inwardly projecting cantilever plate 18 _a , to which an edge of a vertically extending corner plate 19 _{a is} welded, this is at another edge with the inner flange 15 of the I-beam 14 connected.

On two mutually aligned cantilever plates 18 _a of two I-beams 14 provided on both sides of the scaffold interior 20 rests a common ridge beam 22 which has a base piece from here two beam sections 14 _c and a connection section 23 for a T-beam 24. The latter is screwed at the other end to a support piece 25 at 26 and can be replaced to change the length of the ridge support 22. The adjustable length is determined by a grid dimension n of 25 cm.

On the head plate 18 _{a also} rests a side support 28 which nestles against the inner wall 11.

The lower ends of the pair of I-beams 14 which can be seen in FIG. 1 are connected by a telescopic tree 30 comprising two tube pieces 30 _a , 30 _{b which can be} axially displaced into one another with supplementary tube pieces 30 _c . This telescopic tree 30 and the end-end supplementary pipe section 30 _c have an axial pin 31 which extends through the inner flange 15 of the I-beam 14 and which is penetrated in a manner not shown on the inside of the inner flange 15 by an adjusting wedge. Reinforcing plates 32 are welded to the square tubes of the telescopic tree 30 illustrated in FIG. 3 at the points where holes 33 are provided for a connecting bolt, not shown.

The frame 14, 22, 30 described is braced by diagonal cables 34, which are anchored in the corner plates 19, 19 _a and whose crossing point Z runs at a distance b (= 200 cm) from the inner wall 11.

In Fig. 1, right side, above, an adjacent formwork with its inner wall 11 _n , its ridge beam 22 and a side beam 28 is indicated. The ceiling shell resting on the latter is designated by 36.

In addition, in Fig. 1 with the reference numerals 11ʹ, 14ʹ, 30ʹ, 34ʹ is an example in the grid and smaller in terms of height.

In FIG. 2, corner pieces 38 are provided between side beams 28 which are adjacent to one another at right angles, and an intermediate piece in the region of the future central wall 40 at 39. Axially long tensioning elements 42 penetrate the formwork 10 on the latter.

The fact that the formwork 10 can also be changed in a horizontal dimension in its horizontal extent is indicated by the formwork stages 10ʹ, 10ʺ in FIG. 2.

In the vertical section of FIG. 4, a cast concrete wall 41 with a cast-on ceiling 41 _{a is} still surrounded by the formwork 10; Inner wall 11 and outer wall 12 are connected by knurled bolts 27, each of which carries a pair of threaded sleeves 27 _a .

It is clear here that both the inner wall 11 and the outer wall 12 are composed of individual formwork panels 44, each of which carries on its lower edge 45 a parallel hollow profile 46, which forms the one at 45 Panel overlap. The vertical side edges of the formwork panels 44 in the installed position are covered by a vertical special profile 48 made of light metal with an I-shaped cross-section, with pivoting strips 51 of the formwork panel 44 engaging over the pressure flange 49 of the special profile 48 in the installed position.

5 shows a further support profile 52, which is pressed on the outside against the hollow profiles 46 of the formwork panels 44 and is penetrated by those pin bolts 27.

In the drawing it is not shown that, according to the explanations for FIGS. 1, 2, the total height of the inner wall 11 and outer wall 12 can be changed by using different formwork panels; 4, 5 a shortened formwork panel 44 _{a of} a height h 1 can be seen, this height h 1 corresponds to approximately one third of the height h of the other formwork panels 44. Vertical struts or support profiles 52 of this type can be extended telescopically; a connection point in this respect is shown in FIG. 6 with two outer hollow profiles 54, each of which is provided on the outside with a cover plate 55. A cross-sectionally I-shaped inner support 56 partially encompasses those hollow profiles 54 up to their cover plate 55. The inner carrier 55 and the two outer hollow profiles 54 are penetrated by a bolt 58.

Fig. 7 shows a single formwork panel 44 with its hollow profile 46, which runs parallel to the lower edge 45 and overlaps it. Near the upper edge 43 is fixed by means of a screw 60 that swivel strip or latch 51 which, thanks to at least one washer strip 59, runs at a distance e from the formwork surface and has an edge recess 61 which in Installation position is pivoted via bolts, not shown, of the pressure flange 49.

Overall, this results in a very variable combination option for the formwork according to the invention.

Fig. 10 shows the principle of a lateral support of the formwork 10 against an inclined slope H. The inner flange 15 and outer flange 16 of the I-beam 14 are shown exaggerated here for reasons of better overview.

As can be seen in particular in FIG. 12, a clamping lock 66 is detachably connected to the outer flange 16. With this, a support profile 70 is pivotally connected by means of an axle bolt 68, which carries at its other end a holding pin 72 with two end bores 73. The latter take up a U-bracket as an earth anchor, which is designated 74 in FIG. 10. In addition, the length t of the support profile 70 here measures approximately 150 cm.

The clamping lock 66 has two outer housing plates 76, the inner distance of which corresponds to the flange width q, so that the outer flange 16 can be encompassed by the housing plates 76 connected by those axle bolts 68; Welded-on jaw webs 77 protrude from the inner sides of the housing plates 76 and serve as a stop for the outer flange 16. Two circular disks 78, which are mounted eccentrically on that axle bolt 68, serve as the counter jaw, ie the disk center point M is a dimension y from the axis line A. of the axle pin 68 moved out. This makes it possible to clamp the outer flange 16 between the jaw web 77 and the eccentric disk 78 when the axle bolt 68 is turned by means of a handle 71. Since the support profile 70 - with the interposition of spacers 69 - also sits on the axle bolt 68 with its end reinforced by a sleeve 79, there is a simple but very effective support device for the I-beams 14, which - as said - - Grips the outer flange 16 on both sides of the web 13 of the I-beam 14.

Claims (11)

1. Mould (10) comprising two mould walls (11, 12) defining a pouring space (20) having a plurality of adjacent shuttering panels (44), beam sections (14) supporting said shuttering panels at the outer surface of the mould and bracing elements (34), characterised in that beam sections (14) extending vertically in the fitting position and each containing two detachable beam sections (14_d; 14_b; 14_c) in a modular dimension (i₄) or a plurality thereof are connected to form a frame near their upper and lower ends by means of ridge or transverse sections (22, 30) of telescopic type, the said frame being vertically adjustable in the modular dimension and being braced by diagonal tying members (34), and that the mould (10) is longitudinally adjustable in both its vertical extension and in at least a horizontal direction in the modular dimension.
2. Mould according to claim 1, characterised in that the ridge section (22) has beam sections (14_c) and a T-beam (24) connecting them to an end supporting element (25).
3. Mould according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the lower transverse section (30) has axially engaging tubular sections (30_a, 30b) and is extended in a tubular manner by extension pieces (30_c).
4. Mould according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the ridge section (22) and/or the transverse section (30) pass(es) through the inner flanges (15) of the I-beams (14) via end bolts (31) and is/are wedged against the latter, and/or that the diagonal tying elements (34) of the frame panel engage flag-like tie bolts (19, 19_a) or the like.
5. Mould according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that side members (28) rest against approximately aligned I-beams (14) of a mould wall, said side members extending at right angles to the ridge sections (22) and carrying together with these a ceiling form (36), the side members (28) being connected at the corners if desired by a support for the corner pieces (38) forming the ceiling form (36).
6. Mould according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the shuttering panel (44) has a hollow section (46) at one longitudinal edge (45) overlapping said longitudinal edge in a parallel manner and at least one hinged strip (51) which can be guided by means of a locating recess (61) via locking elements on the flange of a vertical ceiling section (48) adjacent to the shuttering panel.
7. Mould according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that two supporting sections (52) lying opposite one another on either side of the mould overlap the hollow sections (46) vertically and, both traversed by tie bolts (27), form a ladder-like tying member for the mould (10).
8. Mould according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a clamping member (66) for a hinged inclined bar (70) is detachably fixed to an outer flange (16) of the I-beam (14) and/or the supporting section (52).
9. Mould according to claim 8, characterised in that the clamping member (66) has two casing plates (76) overlapping the outer flange (16) at the side edges thereof, wherein each casing plate rests against the inner flange faces via an inner side bar (77) or the like and a movable complementary clamping member (78) lies opposite each casing plate at the outer flange face, the complementary clamping member, if desired, being an eccentrically mounted disc (78) which can be moved into the clamping position by means of rotation of an axle bolt (68) carrying the inclined bar (70).
10. Mould according to claim 9, characterised in that spacers (69), the eccentrically mounted disc (78) and the casing plates (76) are arranged on the axle bolt (68) on either side of the inclined bar (70), a handle being fixed to one end of the axle bolt.
11. Mould according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the free end of the inclined bar (70) is provided with a retaining pin (72) extending transversely to the axis thereof and having end radial bores (73) receiving at least one ground anchor (74).

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