EP0279237A1 - Rotating actuating device for moving a pivoting door wing, especially at a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotating drive mechanism for operating the wing of a swinging door, especially of a vehicle. The wing is articulated by pivoting arms to a rotating post, which it rotates along with. When the door is closed, the wing can be raised by axial displacement of the post into a locked position, where locking components on the stationary door frame and on the wing of the door engage each other. The post is driven by a strictly linear mechanism that is controlled by pressure medium and its linear motion is converted into a rotation by a helical transmission. Certain drawbacks are elminated by the improvement wherein the rotating post is coupled to the helical transmission in such a way that, at least while the wing of the door is closing, the post cannot rotate in relation to it but can move axially and, once the post has attained a specified limit of rotation while the wing of the door is closing, the linear drive mechanism will be additionally directly coupled axially to the rotating post in such a way as to lift it.

Description

The invention relates to a rotary drive for moving a swing door leaf, in particular on vehicles, which is articulated with swivel arms on a rotating column and can be pivoted with it and by axial displacement of the rotating column in the closed position into a locking position, in which locking means on the fixed door frame and on the door leaf are interconnected come into engagement, the drive of the rotary column being carried out by only one pressure medium-operated linear drive, the linear movement of which is converted into a rotary movement by means of a screw gear.

Such a rotary drive is known and described for example in DE-PS 2 062 135.

The known rotary drive has the property that the swing door leaf is raised after completion of the closing movement into a locking position in which it cannot be opened by force and in which no fluttering movements of the closed door leaf can occur when driving.

In one embodiment of the known rotary drive, the rotary movement and the axial displacement of the rotary column into the locking position of the pivoting door leaf is brought about by the screw gear switched on between the linear drive and the rotary column, use being made of the fact that when the door leaf is moved into the door opening is, a further rotation of the rotating column is not possible, with the result that the force acting in the axial direction on the screw gear leads to a lifting of the rotating column.

The rotating column is raised against the force of a spring.

The known rotary drive has the disadvantage that the reaction torque which has to be applied for lifting the door and for tensioning the spring is considerable and is applied via the door seal. The friction forces that occur reduce the lifting force of the drive and increase the wear on the door seals.

If the known rotary drive is not equipped with a reversing device derived from the lifting movement of the door leaf, a force exerted, for example, by passengers against the closing movement of the door leaf leads to the door being lifted before the closing movement has ended. In the raised position, however, the door leaf cannot move into the locking elements. The door will not be closed completely.

Although it is possible (DE-PS 2 062 135) to avoid the above disadvantages by using separate drive units for the pivoting movement and the lifting movement of the door leaf, this solution is considerably more complex and, above all, takes up more space, particularly in Vehicles are not always available.

The object of the invention was to provide a rotary drive which is of the type described in the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that, while maintaining a common drive device for both the pivoting movement and the lifting movement of the door leaf, the disadvantages described are avoided, that is to say pivoting movement and Lifting motion can be initiated one after the other and therefore it is not possible to lift the door leaf before the closing movement has ended.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the rotary column is coupled non-rotatably with the screw mechanism, but displaceably in the axial direction, at least in the closing direction of the door leaf and, when a predetermined end position of the rotary movement of the rotary column in the closing direction of the door leaf is reached, an additional direct coupling between the linear drive and the rotating column in the axial direction in the sense of a lifting movement of the rotating column.

Advantageous embodiments of the rotary drive according to the invention are described below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and in the subclaims.

The basic idea of the invention is, at the end of the rotary movement of the rotary column, which leads to the closing of the door leaf, to couple the rotary column, which is displaceable in the axial direction, directly to the linear drive and thereby to initiate the lifting movement. It can be ensured by appropriate design of the screw mechanism that the rotary movement of the door leaf is terminated before the lifting movement is triggered, so that the two movements run completely separately from one another without the need for two independent drive devices.

Two exemplary embodiments of a rotary drive according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

• Fig. 1 in einer Ansicht vom Inneren eines Fahrzeugs aus einen Schwenktürflügel mit Drehantrieb:
• Fig. 2 in einer gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerten, in axialer Richtung teilweise geschnittenen Darstellung einen Drehantrieb für den Schwenk­türflügel nach Fig. 1;
• Fig. 2a einen Schnitt nach der Linie IIa-IIa in Fig. 2;
• Fig. 2b einen Schnitt nach der Linie IIb-IIb in Fig. 2a;
• Fig. 2c die Form der Nutenführung beim Drehantrieb nach Fig. 2;
• Fig. 3, 3a, 3b ebenfalls in einer in axialer Richtung geschnittenen Darstellung eine andere Ausführung eines Drehantriebs in unter­schiedlichen Positionen während der Schließbewegung;
• Fig. 3c in einem Schnitt nach der Linie IIIc-IIIc in Fig. 3b eine Verriegelungs­vorrichtung zur Verriegelung der Dreh­säule in der Hubendlage;
• Fig. 4 in vegrößerter Darstellung die Form der Nutenführung beim Drehantrieb nach den Fig. 3 bis 3b.

The drawings show:

• 1 in a view from the inside of a vehicle from a swing door wing with rotary drive:
• FIG. 2 shows a rotary drive for the swinging door leaf according to FIG. 1 in an enlarged illustration, partially in the axial direction, compared to FIG. 1;
• 2a shows a section along the line IIa-IIa in Fig. 2.
• 2b shows a section along the line IIb-IIb in FIG. 2a;
• 2c shows the shape of the groove guide in the rotary drive according to FIG. 2;
• 3, 3a, 3b, also in a section in the axial direction, another embodiment of a rotary drive in different positions during the closing movement;
• 3c in a section along the line IIIc-IIIc in FIG. 3b, a locking device for locking the rotary column in the stroke end position;
• Fig. 4 in an enlarged view, the shape of the groove guide in the rotary drive according to FIGS. 3 to 3b.

1 shows a swing door leaf 29 arranged, for example, on a vehicle of a public transport, which is articulated with swivel arms 26 and 28 on a rotating column 25 arranged perpendicular to the vehicle floor. As shown in more detail below, the swing door leaf 29 can be pivoted by a rotary drive designated in FIG. 1 by reference number 1 via the rotary column 25 and at the end of the closing movement by a lifting movement of the rotary column 25 by the amount "a" in a locking position in which In Fig. 1 only indicated, on the one hand on the door leaf 29 and on the other hand on the door frame 24 arranged locking means 27, 30, for example a pin 30 and a wedge surface 27 come into engagement with one another, so that the door leaf is locked in the final closed position.

An embodiment for the rotary drive 1 is in the. Fig. 2, 2a, 2b and 2c shown in more detail.

The rotary drive housing, which is also denoted overall by 1 in FIG. 2, is cylindrical and has two end covers 1.1 and 1.3 and an annular intermediate flange 1.2 and a cylindrical jacket with grooves 5.2 forming the stator and a cover sleeve 1.4. The outer wall 4.1 in the lower part of the housing is at the same time the outer cylinder jacket of a drive cylinder 4. The drive cylinder 4 consists of two cylinder jackets 4.1 and 4.2 arranged coaxially one inside the other, the cylinder base 1.1 and the cylinder cover 1.2. The piston 4.3 of the cylinder is an annular piston which is guided in a sliding and sealing manner in the space between the outer cylinder jacket 4.1 and the inner cylinder jacket 4.2 and which is connected to a tubular piston rod 4.4 which is guided axially directly along the inner cylinder jacket 4.2. The piston rod 4.4 is sealingly led out of the drive cylinder 4 between the cylinder cover 1.2 and the inner cylinder jacket 4.2 and connected to a coupling member 3, which in this exemplary embodiment is designed as a long screw nut which extends downward into the interior of the inner cylinder jacket 4.2 comprises a screw spindle 2 forming the rotor of a screw transmission, which is connected in one piece to an outward output shaft stub 2.1.

Furthermore, the coupling member 3 is rotatably connected to a guide device 5, which determines the rotation of the coupling member when the piston 4.3 moves during the first part of the closing movement in the axial direction. The guide device 5 has rotatably mounted rollers 5.1 which run in the grooves 5.2 fixedly connected to the rotary drive housing 1. The guide device 5 is in each case arranged on at least two sides of the coupling member 3.

The grooves 5.2 have helical sections 5.21 and 5.22 in the lower part, to each of which an axially parallel section 5.23 connects at the upper end. The screw spindle 2 is rigidly connected in the vicinity of its upper end to a collar sleeve 12 which, in the lower end position of the screw spindle 2, which is in principle axially displaceable, rests on a axial needle bearing 14 which is arranged in the upper end cover 1.3 of the housing. At the lower end of the collar sleeve 12, a screw cap 13 is arranged, the lower surface of which forms a stop surface for the upper end surface 3.1 of the coupling member 3. The output shaft stub 2.1 is connected in a rotationally fixed and stroke-fixed manner to the rotary column 25 via a connecting piece 15.

As can be seen from FIGS. 2a and 2b, the collar sleeve 12 has an axial groove 12.2 on its upper edge 12.1 and a support plate 16 is arranged on one side in the end cover 1.3, against which the upper side of the edge 12.1 bears. Only in a certain angular position of the collar sleeve 12 can this be moved axially upward when the coupling member 3 is raised, namely when the support plate 16 can pass through the groove 12.2. In Fig. 2b, the collar sleeve 12 is shown rotated by an angle of approximately 150 ° relative to its position in Fig. 2a, so that the groove 12.2 lies above the support plate 16.

The mode of operation of the rotary drive shown in FIGS. 2, 2a, 2b and 2c is as follows:
In Fig. 2, the helical gear is shown in the lower part in the starting position. In the left half A, the position of the guide device 5 in the rotational end position is indicated by dash-dotted lines before the stroke is inserted. In the right half B, the position of the guide device 5 is indicated in the stroke end position and the position of the screw spindle 2 and the parts connected to it in the stroke end position.

If the drive cylinder 4 is pressurized via the inlet opening 4.5, then the piston 4.1 moves in the axial direction and carries the coupling member 3 in the axial direction via the piston rod 4.4. Since this engages in the screw spindle 2 and is guided by the guide devices 5, this has the consequence that the screw spindle 2 and thus the output shaft stub 2.1 are rotated. A lifting of the screw spindle 2 and thus the rotating column 25 is prevented during this movement by the weight of the door leaf and possibly a counter spring and moreover by the fact that the upper edge 12.1 of the collar sleeve 12 rests on the support plate 16. During this rotary movement, the collar sleeve 12 rests on the axial needle bearing 14. When the rollers 5.1 of the guide device 5 reach the upper groove ends 5.23, the further rotation of the coupling member 3 is blocked. At the same time, the upper end surface 3.1 of the coupling member 3 approaches the lower surface of the screw cap 13 of the collar sleeve 12 and lifts it and thus also the rotating column 25. In this phase, the collar sleeve 12 is in an angular position in which the support plate 16 passes through the groove 12.2, so that the rotary column 25 can be raised by a total of a. The upper end position of the screw spindle 2 is determined by the locking means and for safety also by a stroke end stop 1.21 in the drive cylinder 4.

During the counter-movement, pressure medium is fed to the drive cylinder 4 via the inlet 4.6 and there is only a lowering movement of the screw spindle 2, the lower end position of the screw spindle is in turn determined by the bearing of the collar sleeve 12 on the axial needle bearing 14. This is followed by the rotary movement to open the swing door leaf.

In order to prevent the pivoting door leaf from falling out of the locking position when the air supply to the drive cylinder 4 fails, a locking device can be provided on the rotating column, which is explained in more detail below using another exemplary embodiment.

3 to 3c, a somewhat different embodiment of a rotary drive is shown. 3 shows the rotary drive with the door leaf open, FIG. 3a shows the rotary drive with the door leaf closed before lifting into the locking position, and FIG. 3b shows the rotary drive in the stroke end position of the door leaf.

The rotary actuator housing, designated as a whole by 6, has two end covers 6.1 and 6.3 on the two end faces and in the center an annular intermediate flange 6.2 and a cylindrical jacket with grooves 8.4 forming the stator, which terminates with the intermediate flange 6.2. The jacket is covered with a sleeve 6.4. The lower part between the end cover 6.1 and the intermediate flange 6.2 forms a hollow cylinder 9.1, which belongs to the drive cylinder 9 described below. The drive cylinder 9 consists of the outer cylinder jacket 9.1 and an inner cylinder jacket 9.2, the cylinder base 6.1 and the cylinder cover 6.6. In the space between the two cylinder jackets 9.1 and 9.2, an annular piston 9.3 is sealingly guided, the tubular piston rod 9.4 of which encompasses the inner cylinder jacket 9.2 and from the drive cylinder 9 on the cylinder cover 6.6 is led out sealingly. A coupling member 8 is attached to the end of the piston rod 9.4 that carries a pair of rollers 8.1-8.2 on two opposite sides. The coaxially arranged rollers 8.1 and 8.2 each run in groove guides 8.3 and 8.4. The groove guide 8.3 is located in a rotor 7.4 which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a shaft 7.3 which is guided coaxially through the rotary drive housing 6 and through the interior of the inner cylinder jacket 9.2. The shaft 7.3 is led out of the drive housing 6 on both sides. The upper end of the shaft 7.3 in the drawing is connected in one piece to an output shaft stub 7.2 led out of the housing, which in turn is firmly connected to the rotating column 25ʹ, on which the upper swivel arm 26ʹ is arranged. The roller 8.2 of the coupling member 8 is guided in a second slot guide 8.4 of the stator, which is firmly connected to the end cover 6.3 and thus to the rotary drive housing 6. The slot guides 8.3 and 8.4 are helical with an opposite pitch angle.

The lower end of the shaft 7.3 in the drawing is connected in one piece to an output shaft stub 7.1 to which the lower swivel arm 28ʹ for the door leaf is fastened. The arrangement of the rotary drive is therefore slightly different from that shown in FIG. 1.

The rotor 7.4 is rotatably mounted on the intermediate flange 6.2 via a ball bearing 7.5. The design of the groove guides is shown in more detail in FIG. 4. The groove guide 8.4 has a first section 8.41 and a second section 8.42 with a slightly changed slope, which leads to a change in the transmission ratio. In a last section 8.43 or 8.33 respectively, the groove guides run axially parallel.

The shaft 7.3 is longitudinally displaceable but non-rotatably coupled to the rotor 7.4 via the hub 7.31 rigidly connected to it and a multi-spline profile 7.41 permitting the axial displacement of the shaft 7.3. The lower end position of the shaft 7.3 relative to the rotor 7.4 is determined by resting a nut 7.32, which is connected to the hub 7.31, on the upper surface 7.42 of the rotor 7.4. The upper end length of the shaft 7.3 is determined by a stroke end stop 9.7 in the drive cylinder 9.

When pressure medium is supplied via the inlet 9.5 to the drive cylinder 9, the piston 9.3 moves upward in the space between the two cylinder jackets 9.1 and 9.2, as a result of which the two rollers 8.1 and 8.2 are carried along in the axial direction via the coupling member 8. The movement of the rollers 8.1 and 8.2 in the groove guides 8.3 and 8.4 results in a rotation of the rotor 7.4 with respect to the stator or the rotary drive housing 6 due to the opposite slope of these grooves. The shaft 7.3 and with it the output shaft stubs 7.2 and 7.1 are thereby rotated.

If, during the upward movement of the coupling member 8, the rollers 8.1 and 8.2 enter the last axially parallel sections of the groove guides 8.3 and 8.4, the further rotation of the shaft 7.3 is blocked.

In this position shown in Fig. 3a, a sleeve 10 connected to the piston rod 9.4 bears against the underside of the hub 7.31 and with the further movement of the piston 9.3, the shaft 7.3 and thus the rotary column 25ʹ into the stroke end position, as shown in Fig 3b is shown, raised and thus the door leaf locked.

The shaft 7.3 is lifted without loading the rollers 8.1 and 8.2.

A reversal of the direction of movement, that is, the lowering of the shaft 7.3 and reopening of the swing door leaf by turning the shaft 7.3, is achieved by supplying pressure medium to the inlet 9.6 of the drive cylinder 9.

A locking device is provided so that the air supply for the drive cylinder 9 cannot drop in the closing direction and the door unlocks itself, the structure of which can be seen in FIG. 3c. This locking device has a swivel lever 20 which, under the action of a compression spring 18, pushes under the nut 7.32 when the shaft 7.3 is raised and thus locks the shaft 7.3 in the end position. The compression spring 18 is arranged within an unlocking cylinder 17, the piston of which is connected via a piston rod 17.1 to the pivoting lever 20 in such a way that when the unlocking cylinder is pressurized, pneumatic unlocking takes place. Unlocking by hand is also possible via a square 19 arranged on the axis of rotation of the lever 20.

Claims (11)

1. Rotary drive for moving a swivel door wing, which is articulated with swivel arms on a rotating column and can be swiveled with it and by axial displacement of the rotating column in the closed position into a locking position, in which locking means on the fixed door frame and on the door leaf engage with each other, the The rotary column is driven by only one pressure medium-operated linear drive, the linear movement of which is converted into a rotary movement by a screw gear, characterized in that the rotary column (25, 25ʹ) at least in the closing direction of the door leaf (29) with the screw gear (1-2-3- 5; 6-7-8) is coupled in a rotationally fixed but displaceable manner in the axial direction and, when a predetermined end position of the rotary movement of the rotary column in the closing direction of the door leaf (29) is reached, an additional direct coupling between the linear drive (4, 9) and the rotary column ( 25, 25ʹ) in the axial direction in the sense of a lifting movement of Dr marriage column. 2. Rotary drive according to claim 1, characterized in that after reaching the predetermined end position of the rotary movement in the closed position of the door leaf (29), a further rotation of the door leaf is determined exclusively by the locking means (27, 30). 3. Rotary drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rotary column (25, 25ʹ) is non-positively coupled with the linear drive (4, 9) during the lowering movement. 4. Rotary drive according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a locking device (20) for automatically locking the rotary column (25, 25ʹ) in the stroke end position. 5. Rotary drive according to claim 4, characterized in that the locking device (20) can be unlocked pneumatically or hydraulically. 6. Rotary drive according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the locking device (20) can be unlocked by hand. 7. Rotary drive according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the helical gear a fixed to the drive housing (1, 6) connected stator, a rotatably mounted, with the rotating column (25, 25ʹ) coupled rotor (2, 7.4) and a coupling member (3, 8) connected to the linear drive (4, 9) and causing the rotor to rotate relative to the stator by axial displacement, the rotating column being coupled to the rotor in a rotationally fixed but displaceable manner in the axial direction, and the additional direct coupling between the linear drive and the rotating column when reaching one predetermined position of the coupling member (3, 8) in its axial movement in the closing direction of the door leaf. 8. Rotary drive according to claim 7, characterized in that the additional direct coupling via the coupling member (3). 9. Rotary drive according to claim 7, characterized in that the additional direct coupling takes place directly via the output member (9.4-10) of the linear drive. 10. Rotary drive according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the guide (5.2, 8.3, 8.4) between the stator and rotor is designed such that the rotary movement is completed before the start of the lifting movement. 11. Rotary drive according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the locking device has a pivotable in the radial direction to the rotating column (25, 25ʹ) bolt (20) which in the stroke end position under spring force with one with the rotating column (25, 25ʹ ) connected stop (7.32) and which is coupled to the piston rod (17.1) of an unlocking cylinder (17).

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