EP0264757B1 - Method and device for compressing fibrous materials into bales - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for compressing fibrous material in bales by compressing the material on several pre-presses, in which the material pre-pressed in a thin-walled container provided with a sheath that cannot be opened all around, possibly by switching on waiting positions a central press is conveyed, the containers are moved one by one with the fibrous material into the central press, the respective container is surrounded there by stable press box walls, then the fibrous material is further pressed and finally pressed and finally packaged after removing the walls holding the bale , and in which the empty, thin-walled container is transported back to the pre-presses after being combined with a container base.

This method is known from practice. Thereafter, the thin-walled container with the pre-pressed fibrous material moves into the central press, where it is surrounded on all sides by stable press box walls by moving it sideways, and then further compression of the material contained in the container takes place by means of the end press. But before the final pressure is generated by this press ram, the thin-walled container is withdrawn upwards over the press ram, so that the final pressure can only be endured by the stable press box walls.

It has been found that the idea of transporting a light container from the pre-presses to the main press is very advantageous for reasons of weight alone. It is disadvantageous, however, that the container has to be pulled upwards from the central press for final compression, so that the compacting process on the bale can only be ended afterwards by increasing the pressing pressure.

This removal of the container from the bale, which is under slight pressure, results in displacements in the cable layers in the region of the side walls of the bale, which hinders the subsequent withdrawal of the cable from the bale for further processing of the fiber cables. In addition, with this method it cannot be avoided that residual fiber components come into contact with the press box walls of the central press and contaminate them. If necessary, such fibers are also jammed in the longitudinal slots of the press box walls that abut one another perpendicularly, so that when the press box walls are pulled off for packing the bale, fiber damage can occur which at least partially tears the bale.

The method according to DE-OS 29 06 229 does not have these disadvantages. There, stable trained press containers, already used in the pre-press, move through the factory hall to the central press, so that the bales can be pressed in these containers. Disadvantages of this method, however, are the transportation of the heavy press containers through the factory hall and also the manufacturing costs of the large number of press boxes required in each case.

The invention has for its object to develop a method and an apparatus for performing this method, in which the disadvantages of both known treatment methods for the manufacture of man-made fiber bales are avoided, but the respective advantages are retained.

Based on the method initially mentioned, the invention provides for the solution of the problem that the fibrous material in the thin-walled, but enclosed by the press box walls also finally pressed, then at least the thin-walled container moved relative to the pressed material and then the bale - like known - is packed. It is expedient after the final pressing to move both the thin-walled container and the walls of the press container of the central press together and at the same time relative to the pressed material and then, as is known, to pack them. When the walls are pulled off the bale, the thin-walled container is therefore considered together with the walls of the press container as one unit.

In the central press for carrying out the method according to the invention, the press box walls for receiving the container can be moved around it. In the known device, the four press box walls are each pushed sideways. Apart from this complex construction, longitudinal slits between the abutting walls cannot be avoided. Devices are advantageously provided according to the invention, with which both the all-round closed container and the press box walls can be relatively removed from the material under pressure. Appropriately, both containers are used simultaneously, e.g. upwards, subtracted. It is also possible that the press container consists of a jacket that cannot be opened all around, but which must now be able to be pushed over the thin-walled container.

In the drawing, a number of images are shown in the series of movement processes carried out by the central press, on the basis of which the invention is to be explained further.

The filling container 2 to be filled with the fiber material 1 is provided with a relatively thin-walled jacket in the system which is used to carry out the method according to the invention. The walls of the filling container only have to withstand the lateral pressures arising in the pre-press. The filling container 2 is made of a completely closed jacket with a base 3 that can be detached therefrom. Before the container is filled, the base is usually covered with a film which is later used to compress the bale after the fiber material has been compressed. The packaging process is not shown in the drawing for the sake of simplicity, but is the subject of the press packaging process to be carried out. It is here for example se referred to the content of DE-OS 29 06 229.

In the pre-press, this filling container 2 is filled with loose fiber material or with endless fiber cabins up to the level in the area of the upper edge. Then this and other containers of other pre-presses move according to the arrow 4 to the main press, as shown in Figures 1, 2. Together with the container bottom, the filling container 2 engages in the pressing position of the central press 5, in which the more stable press box walls 6 are positioned above those necessary for retracting Heights are maintained. The press box walls 6 then move according to the arrow 7 over the adjusted filling container 2.

In the exemplary embodiment, the walls of the press box, like those of the filling container, are provided all around with a jacket which cannot be opened. This press box 6 can also be replaced by a construction in which one or three walls can be pivoted outwards in order to enclose the filling container 2 only in the lowered state. However, this door construction is complex and requires air gaps on the abutting press box walls, which is just as disadvantageous in the case of a construction in which the press box walls are laterally displaced relative to one another. In any case, the press box walls 6 should enclose the container 2 with only a small air gap in the state shown in FIG. 3, or after the closing device of the possibly movable press box walls is closed.

After lowering the press box walls 6 as shown in Figure 3, the filling container 2, which is provided with a thin-walled jacket, is thus secured against the high pressing pressure which arises in the central press 5. Now the piston 8 of the ram 9 moves according to the arrow 10 down into the filling container 2 and presses the fiber material 1 in a pressing process in order to achieve the bale 11 in the last pressing state. According to Figure 4, both the press box walls 6 and the casing of the filling container 2 then move upwards with the aid of appropriately provided traction devices 12. When the bale 11 is exposed, the baling pressure remains high. Destroying the thin-walled container casing when tightening is not possible, since it is also protected unchanged by the press box walls 6 against lateral pressures as a result of the press pressure generated by the press ram 9.

In the state according to Figure 5, the bale 11 is packed with the film placed on the bottom 3 and possibly with another film placed on top of the fiber material before the pressing process and, if appropriate, additionally with a film web wound around on the side and then reinforced. Because of this, the ram 9 can now move upward in the direction of arrow 14 and release the bale 11 for removal 15. At the same time, the jacket of the filling container 2 is moved downwards out of the press box walls 6 by means 17 provided therein, in accordance with the arrows 16. Arrived at the bottom, it is combined again with the base 3 in order to move back in the direction of arrow 18 to the pre-presses. The space that has now become available can again be equipped with a new jug, as shown in Fig. 1,2.

Claims (7)

1. Method of compressing fibrous material into bales by compressing the material in a plurality of preliminary presses, wherein each batch of material, which has been initially compressed in a thin-walled container provided with a cover, which is not to be fully opened, is conveyed to a central press, possibly with the incorporation of stand-by positions, the containers are conveyed - one after the other - with the fibrous material into the central press, each container being surrounded there by strong pressure box walls, then the fibrous material is compressed further and finally completely compressed, and is subsequently packaged after removal of the walls retaining the bale, and wherein the empty, thin-walled container is again transported back to the preliminary presses once it has been connected to a container base, characterised in that the fibrous material is completely compressed in the container, which has thin-walls but is surrounded by the pressure box walls, then at least the thin-walled container is displaced relative to the compressed material, and the material is packaged in a known manner.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that, after the final compression process, both the thin-walled container and the walls of the pressure container of the central press are displaced jointly and at the same time relative to the compressed material.

3. Device for effecting the method according to claims 1 to 2, comprising a main central press, the pressure box walls of which are displaceable around the container to accommodate the container, characterised in that means (12) are provided, whereby both the container (2) and the pressure box walls (6) are relatively removable from the material (1, 11) which is under pressure.

4. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that both container covers (2, 6) can be simultaneously drawn upwardly from the material (1, 11) by the means (12).

5. Device according to claim 3, comprising a pressure box which is not to be opened, characterised in that means (7) are provided, whereby the pressure box (6) is slidable over the filled containers (2, 3).

6. Device according to claims 3 to 5, characterised in that a means (17) is provided, whereby the container (2) is displaceable downwardly (16) independently of the pressure box (6).

7. Device according to claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the pressure container comprises a cover which is not to be fully opened and is slidable over the thin-walled container.

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