EP0126244B1 - Equipment for the defense against low flying missiles - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for the defense of low-flying missiles, such as rockets, over water surfaces for the protection of floating units, wherein a defense missile can be used according to the cannon principle or as a self-propelled missile via a launcher and via a control device with the launcher or as a guided missile is adjustable to the approach path of the approaching missile. See e.g. B. FR-A-2 142 150 (= DE-A-2 228 995).

Devices of this type are known per se and have the defect that they have a relatively low hit rate. This problem is caused in particular by the difficulty of the relatively late and inaccurate detection of the approaching missile and arises from the fact that the missile is very small and is difficult and relatively late to detect due to its altitude close to the water surface. In this way, essentially only the direction of approach can be determined. It should also be borne in mind that a large kinetic energy is required for launching over ballistic missiles and a precise target must be specified in order to enable effective defense.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple defense device for generic uses, which covers a relatively large approach area and target area and thus also ensures successful use if the destination is not specified accurately.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the defense missile is designed as an explosive carrier and, taking into account the values of the approaching missile, the defense missile can be deployed via the launching device in the region of the approach path and can be positioned under water in such a way that the explosive part can be controlled or preset by triggering elements of the defense missile is ignitable under water to form a water wall at the time of approach of the approaching missile.

The advantage of the invention lies in the fact that a water wall of relatively large size is thrown up by the ignition of the explosive and large local areas and time intervals can thereby be covered, so that the approaching missile is brought down by the water masses even if the values are not matched so precisely or is at least distractible.

A favorable embodiment is created in that the defense missile is provided with a floating body and can be separated when immersed in water and remains connected to the explosive part at least by connecting elements. As a result, the explosive part is arranged in a predetermined area in the water in order to mobilize corresponding water masses. A simple design is that the floating body is formed by an automatically inflatable balloon when water enters.

In order to carry out a subsequent location determination of the immersed defense missile and for the transmission of ignition signals or triggering of the ignition signals by the approaching missile, it is provided that the float is provided with radar reflectors and / or transmission and reception arrangements, such as infrared sensors, and the submerged part of the defense missile, if necessary, transmits - And receiving arrangements, such as sonar systems.

For precise positioning of the launched defense missile, it is provided that the defense missile can be adjusted via control elements, such as control flaps, after leaving the launcher via the control logic with respect to the flight path or the entry point in the water.

A simple design is achieved in that the defense missile is connected to the launch site via a reel-off wire connection and can be used to transmit an ignition signal for the explosive.

In order to create a relatively quickly adjustable launcher that allows little effort and space savings on the ship's deck, it is proposed that the launcher has tiltable and rotatable launcher guides for defense missiles that can be positioned laterally on the outside of the ship, and that it can be finely controlled by small angular amounts with respect to two tilting axes and that the directional drives are connected to a shot control device of the control logic.

A simple embodiment is created in that the launch guide is tiltably mounted in the lower part area and above the swivel axis for directionality a drive element for pulse generation using the weight of the launch guide attacks with the defense missile for tilting and in the tilt axis braking and holding elements for the predetermined end position are arranged.

• Fig. 1 einen Abwehrflugkörper,
• Fig. 2 einen Abwehrflugkörper in der Bereitschaftsstellung vor der Zündung,
• Fig. 3 eine Abschußvorrichtung mit einem Schußleitgerät,
• Fig. 4 eine Abschußvorrichtung an einer Schiffslängsseite,
• Fig. 5 einen Teilschnitt durch eine Abschußvorrichtung.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawing. Show it:

• 1 a missile,
• 2 shows a defense missile in the ready position before the ignition,
• 3 is a launcher with a shot guide,
• 4 a launcher on a ship's long side,
• Fig. 5 shows a partial section through a launcher.

The missile 1 shown consists essentially of a drive part 2 with control flaps 3, a receiving part 4 for a floating body 5, which in this case is formed by an inflatable balloon, and an explosive part 6 and a control part 7. The missile 1 is via a launching device 8 deductible and sinks after hitting the water in the desired target area below the water line 9. Here, the drive part 2 is separated by self-releasing means, which are not shown, and the receiving part 4 releases the floating body 5 in the form of the balloon. The balloon is inflated and holds the explosive part 6 with the control part 7 at a desired depth via a connecting line 10. The balloon 5 has corresponding transmission and reception arrangements 11, which are thus arranged above the water line 9 and are connected to the control part 7 via the connecting line 10. If necessary, additional transmitting and receiving devices 11 'are arranged in the control part 7.

Of course, it is also possible to equip the missile 1 with additional devices which increase the sinking speeds in the water and also ensure a lateral traversability in order to take into account a meanwhile ascertained approach path of an approaching missile.

At the point in time before flying over the deployed missile 1 below the water line 9, the explosive part 6 is detonated either from the launch site or by self-control or presetting. As a result, water is thrown up in a relatively large environment to form a water wall, so that the approaching missile is brought to a crash or is at least deflectable even if the position data are not so precisely coordinated.

In this device, taking into account the relatively late detection of the approaching missile and the determination of its approach data, the design of the launch device 8 with its detection devices is of particular importance. The launching device 8 is mounted on the side edge of a ship 12 via a launching frame 13 so that it can be adjusted in height and sideways. The actual launch guide 14 in the form of a tube can be adjusted relatively quickly via a drive element 15 for generating pulses during the straightening process. The drive element 15 can also be adjusted accordingly via a guide 19. The predetermined guide values are set by arrangements 16 according to the brake disc principle and reported to the weft guide device via position sensors 17. For fine adjustment, a further pipe guide 18 for receiving the defense missile 1 is arranged in the launch guide 14, which can be fine-tuned via additional directional drives 20.

The shot guide arrangement shown has, as a display and operating device, a so-called tactical console 21 with a screen 22, on which a pictorial representation of the area of use can be reproduced. In this illustration, a desired arbitrary touchdown point of the defense missile 1 can be controlled, for example by setting a crosshair or by the screen 21 being designed as a so-called active display, in which touching any point with a light pen 23 is tapping the coordinates of the keyed Point causes. At the same time, the approach path of the attacking missile is transmitted to the screen via a detection logic 24 and a computer 25. The target coordinates thus specified are entered via a line 26 into a memory 27 and a ballistic computer 28, which converts these target point coordinates into corresponding directional signals for the control elements 13, 20. In addition, the transmitter 17 of the launcher 8 uses a signal processing stage 29 to input already set heights and lateral guide values. The location coordinates of the launch site are entered by a coordinate transmitter 30.

The actual firing of the defense missile 1 from the fine-fired firing guide 18 can then be brought about by a corresponding signal if the target and actual data match. The firing pulse for the part of the defense missile 1 arranged below the water line 9 is then triggered via a button 32 with a transmitter 31 or via a control according to the data of the approaching missile.

Of course, it is also possible, as a precautionary measure, to deploy defense missiles 1 and detonate them if necessary.

Claims (8)

1. A device for defence against low-flying missiles such as rockets over sheets of water for the protection of floating units, where a defence missile (1) may be used according to the gun principle or as a self-propelled missile via a launching device and may via a control device be set by the launching device or as a steerable missile onto the homing path of the homing missile, characterized in that the defence missile (1) is made as an explosive-carrier and taking into consideration the data of the homing missile the defence missile (1) may via the launching device be dropped in the region of the homing path and be positioned underwater in such a way that via controllable or presettable triggering elements the explosive part (6) of the defence missile (1) may be ignited under water for the formation of a water wall at the instant of homing of the homing missile.

2. A device as in Claim 1, characterized in that the defence missile (1) is provided with a float (5) and upon immersion in the water is separable and remains connected through connector elements (10) at least to the explosive part (6).

3. A device as in Claim 2, characterized in that the float (5) is formed by a balloon which is automatically inflatable upon the entry of water.

4. A device as in one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the float (5) is provided with radar reflectors and/or transmitter and receiver arrangements (11) such as infrared sensors, and the immersed part of the defence missile (1) if necessary exhibits transmitter and receiver arrangements (11') such as sonar installations.

5. A device as in one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that via control elements (3) such as control flaps the defence missile (1) after leaving the launching device (8) may be set via a control logic (27 to 32) with respect to the flight path or respectively the point of entry into the water.

6. A device as in one of the Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the defence missile (1) is connected via an unreelable wire connection to the place of launch and may be used for the transmission of an ignition signal for the explosive.

7. A device as in one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that launching device (8) exhibits for self-propelled defence missiles (1) launching guides (14, 18) able to tilt and turn, which may be positioned laterally at the outer edge (12) of the ship, and with respect to two axes of tilt may be controlled to a fine aim by small amounts of angle, and that the aiming drives (13, 20) are connected to an aim guide apparatus (21) of the control logic (27 to 32).

8. A device as in one of the Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the launching guide (8) is supported to be able to tilt in the lower portion and above the pivot for the ability to aim a driving member (15) for the generation of pulses, utilizing the weight of the launching guide (8) engages with the defence missile (1) for the tilting and on the axis of tilt brake and retainer members (16) are arranged for the predetermined final position.

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