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EP0179911B1 - Elektromagnetisches betätigungsgerät - Google Patents

Elektromagnetisches betätigungsgerät Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0179911B1
EP0179911B1 EP19840901014 EP84901014A EP0179911B1 EP 0179911 B1 EP0179911 B1 EP 0179911B1 EP 19840901014 EP19840901014 EP 19840901014 EP 84901014 A EP84901014 A EP 84901014A EP 0179911 B1 EP0179911 B1 EP 0179911B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
movable element
magnetic
stationary element
electromagnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840901014
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0179911A1 (de
EP0179911A4 (de
Inventor
Tokio Uetsuhara
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Mining and Cement Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Mining and Cement Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Mining and Cement Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Mining and Cement Co Ltd
Publication of EP0179911A1 publication Critical patent/EP0179911A1/de
Publication of EP0179911A4 publication Critical patent/EP0179911A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0179911B1 publication Critical patent/EP0179911B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device which actuates a binary mechanical displacement or holding by electric power in a monostable manner. More particularly, the present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator which electromagnetically actuates a binary displacement of mechanical operated device such as a valve rod, piston, movable element of switch, locking means, or the like in accordance with a minute electric current in a pulse series.
  • a holding magnet type electromagnetic actuator has been well known for applying mechanical force to a valve rod, piston or the like.
  • this holding magnet type electromagnetic actuator which comprises a permanent magnet 2, and a pair of cores 1a and 1b which are respectively wound round with solenoid coils 3a and 3b.
  • These permanent magnet 2, cores 1a, 1b and the solenoid coils 3a and 3b are so arranged as to form a magnetic circuit wherein magnetomotive forces of the electromagnet and the permanent magnet are arranged in series; that is, the magnetomotive force of the solenoid coils 3a and 3b is generated in the counter direction of the coercive force of the permanent magnet 2 when an electric current is flowed through the solenoid coils 3a and 3b.
  • a contact element 4 can be reversibly held in either states shown in Fig. 1(a) or Fig. 1(b).
  • this holding type electromagnet has a self-holding capability for the contact element 4 when an electric current is not flowed, it has essentially following demerits.
  • the British patent specification GB-A-1,466,555 discloses a bistable electromagnetic actuator comprising a magnetic circuit which consists of a stationary element and a movable element, a single electromagnetic coil, and a ring shaped permanent magnet.
  • the permanent magnet is inserted in the magnetic circuit and mounted so that its magnetomotive force is parallel to that of the coil.
  • the movable element is held within a space in the stationary element.
  • Two pole faces in the stationary element are defined so that the movable element can contact one or other pole face.
  • the electromagnetic actuator as claimed comprises a magnetic circuit consisting of a stationary element and a movable element, and electromagnetic means with a permanent magnet inserted in the magnetic circuit.
  • the permanent magnet is mounted in such a way that magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet is parallel to that of said electromagnetic means, and the movable element is so held within a space in the stationary element that it can be actuated under monostable condition.
  • the said electromagnetic means comprises a single electromagnetic coil defining two pole faces so that the movable element contacts one or the other pole face.
  • Said stationary element is wound round with the electromagnetic coil and formed into the magnetic circuit containing said space.
  • said movable element is composed of said permanent magnet and of two magnetic segments. Each magnetic segment is fixed to each pole face of the permanent magnet.
  • the movable element is so arranged in the space of the magnetic circuit that the magnetic segments face at right angle a yoke of the stationary element through a second gap so as to move alternatively between two positions short circuiting the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet.
  • a spring is provided for generating and overlapping mechanical bias force between the stationary element and the movable element so as to electromagnetically control a mechanical monostable condition of the actuator.
  • the present invention can provide the electromagnetic actuator having a simple and hardy structure and capable of operating with high sensitivity and at high speed.
  • Fig. 1(a) and (b) are schematic illustrations showing a conventional electromagnetic actuator
  • Fig. 2(a) and (b) are schematic illustrations showing a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3(a) and (b) are schematic illustrations showing a second embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4(a) and (b) are schematic illustrations of a third embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5(a) and (b) are schematic illustrations showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2(a) and (b) show a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the electromagnetic actuator comprises a stationary element 12 as a magnetic circuit having a space energized by a coil 11; a movable element 14 made of a magnetic material which is inserted between a pole faces 12a and 12b of the stationary element 12 through a first gap 13, the movable element 14 can be mechanically moved in the direction represented by the arrow 14a or 14b met with both the pole faces 12a and 12b at right angle; and a permanent magnet 16 fixed to a yoke 17 of the stationary element 12, the pole faces of the same polarity of the permanent magnet 16 are faced to the side surface of the movable element 14 through a fine second gap 15.
  • the electromagnetic actuator comprises a stationary element 12 as a magnetic circuit having a space energized by a coil 11; a movable element 14 made of a magnetic material which is inserted between a pole faces 12a and 12b of the stationary element 12 through a first gap 13, the movable element 14
  • Fig. 3(a) and (b) show a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein a permanent magnet 16 is so fixed onto the side surface of a movable element 14 as to form a fine second gap 15 between a yoke 17 and the permanent magnet 16.
  • Fig. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein a movable element 14 capable of mechanically moving in the direction met to both pole faces 12a and 12b of a stationary element 12 at right angle is inserted between a space energized by a coil 11 and pole faces 12a and 12b through a first gap 13, a permanent magnet 16 is connected to the stationary element 12 in series, and contact elements 37 is fixedly connected to both pole faces of the permanent magnet 16 so as to face to the side surfaces of the movable element 14 met to the pole face 12b at right angle through a second gap 15.
  • the repulsion force caused by the magnetic flux 30 and the magnetic flux 31 of the permanent magnet 16 will be generated at the pole face 12b so that the movable element 14will be moved with a snap towards and attracted to the pole face 12a as shown in Fig. 4(b). After intercepting the current in a pulse series flowing in the positive direction, it is possible to maintain the attracted state of the movable element 14 to the pole face 12a owing to the magnetic flux 31 of the permanent magnet 16.
  • Fig. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention wherein a pair of magnetic pole segments 45, 45 is arranged at both sides of a movable element 46 made of a permanent magnet instead of the permanent magnet 16 in the third embodiment shown in Fig. 4.
  • An operation of this embodiment will be conducted according to magnetic flux 34 caused by the movable element 46 (made of a permanent magnet) and magnetic flux 33, 35 caused by the flow of the electric current through the coil 11 in the same manner as the above embodiment shown in Fig. 4.
  • the actuator is carried out in a monostable operation by employing a mechanical bias force by means of a spring, which is a predetermined value smaller than the attractive force of the permanent magnet and applied in the counter direction of the permanent magnet so as to overlap the bias force with the relative movement between the stationary element and the movable element.
  • the embodiment according to the present invention is so designed as to reduce the ampereturn of the coil as possible which supplies operation energy, the insertion of the powerful permanent magnet can result in the following extremely superior effects.
  • the magnetic flux of energizing current and that of the permanent magnet always act each other in only the inside of the soft magnetic material and thus the magnetomotive force caused by flowing an electric current through the coil does not directly act with that of the permanent magnet having a great coercive force as different from the conventional device shown in Fig. 1. Therefore, it is possible to reduce extremely the required ampere turn for energizing so that two different operation parameters for mechanical strength and mechanical position can be controlled by a minute electric current in a pulse series.
  • the movable element applied with the attractive force of 500 g could be moved in the reverse direction for a stroke of 2 mm with a thrust of 1 kg by supplying the extremely minute operation energy such as an electric current of 6V, 0.5A in a pulse series of several ten m/sec.
  • the extremely minute operation energy such as an electric current of 6V, 0.5A in a pulse series of several ten m/sec.
  • conventionally used device requires a three wires type for a control cable in addition to the operation electric power of about 30 W for a stroke of 2 mm with a thrust of 1 kg.
  • the present invention can be effectively utilized for an electromagnetic valve, electromagnetic piston, electromagnetic locking device, switch operating mechanism, essential safety and exploding prevention device, abnormal retracting mechanism, or various industry and private usage.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Claims (2)

1. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator, der einen magnetischen Kreis, gebildet aus einem stationären Element und einem bewegbaren Element sowie elektromagnetische Mittel mit einem in den magnetischen Kreis eingesetzten Dauermagneten umfaßt, wobei der Dauermagnet in der Weise eingebaut ist, daß die magnetomotorische Kraft des Dauermagneten parallel zu den elektromagnetischen Mitteln verläuft, und das bewegbare Element in der Weise in einem Raum innerhalb des stationären Elements gehalten wird, daß es unter einer monostabilen Bedingung betätigbar ist, wobei die elektromagnetischen Mittel eine einzige elektromagnetische Spule (11) umfassen, die zwei Polflächen (12a, 12b) bestimmt, so daß das bewegbare Element die eine oder die andere Polfläche berührt, und wobei das stationäre Element (12) mit der elektromagnetischen Spule (11) umwickelt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das bewegbare Element aus dem Dauermagneten (46) und zwei magnetischen Segmenten (45) besteht, wobei jedes magnetische Segment an jeweils einer Polfläche des Dauermagneten befestigt ist, und das bewegbare Element in der Weise innerhalb des Raumes des magnetischen Kreises angeordnet ist, daß die magnetischen Segmente im rechten Winkel einem Joch (17) des stationären Elements über einen Luftspalt (15) hinweg zugekehrt sind, so daß es sich wechselweise die magnetomotorische Kraft des , Dauermagneten kurzschließend zwischen zwei Stellungen bewegt, und eine Feder vorgesehen ist zum Erzeugen und Überlagern einer mechanischen Vorspannkraft zwischen dem stationären Element und dem bewegbaren Element, so daß eine mechanische monostabile Bedingung des Aktuators elektromagnetisch gesteuert wird.
2. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator nach Anspruch 1, bei dem das stationäre Element (12) aus einer ferromagnetischen Substanz gefertigt ist; das aus einem magnetischen Material gefertigte bewegbare Element in der Weise zwischen dem Raum zugekehrten magnetischen Polflächen (12a, 12b) des stationären Elementes (12) eingesetzt ist, daß das bewegbare Element gegenüber den magnetischen Polflächen reversibel durch einen Luftspalt (13) hindurch bewegbar ist und der an dem bewegbaren Element befestigte Dauermagnet (46) Polflächen aufweist, welche eine andere Polarität als die der vorstehend erwähnten Polflächen des stationären Elements aufweisen, so daß die magnetomotorische Kraft des Dauermagneten (46) parallel zur magnetomotorischen Kraft der elektromagnetischen Spule (11) im magnetischen Kreis verläuft.
EP19840901014 1984-03-05 1984-03-05 Elektromagnetisches betätigungsgerät Expired EP0179911B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP1984/000084 WO1985004044A1 (en) 1984-03-05 1984-03-05 Electromagnetic actuator apparatus

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0179911A1 EP0179911A1 (de) 1986-05-07
EP0179911A4 EP0179911A4 (de) 1986-07-23
EP0179911B1 true EP0179911B1 (de) 1989-06-07

Family

ID=13818258

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840901014 Expired EP0179911B1 (de) 1984-03-05 1984-03-05 Elektromagnetisches betätigungsgerät

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0179911B1 (de)
AU (1) AU569879B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3490674T1 (de)
GB (1) GB2165096B (de)
WO (1) WO1985004044A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8900779U1 (de) * 1989-01-25 1989-05-11 Walloschke, Rudolf, 4972 Loehne Impuls-Hubmagnet

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60261111A (ja) * 1984-06-08 1985-12-24 Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co Ltd 電磁アクチユエ−タ
EP0225388B1 (de) * 1985-06-04 1989-03-15 Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co., Ltd. Elektromagnetischer betätiger
FR2606927B1 (fr) * 1986-11-19 1991-09-13 Telemecanique Electrique Electro-aimant polarise bistable
DE4108601C2 (de) * 1991-03-18 1995-06-29 Harting Elektronik Gmbh Fang- und Haltemagnet
GB2342504B (en) * 1998-10-08 2003-04-23 Wladyslaw Wygnanski Magnetic drives
ES2228111T3 (es) * 1998-10-08 2005-04-01 Camcon Limited Movimientos magneticos.
CA2270785C (en) * 1999-05-04 2005-08-16 Chih-Sheng Sheng Magnet device with double fixing positions for changing the magnetic circuit
FR2828000B1 (fr) 2001-07-27 2003-12-05 Commissariat Energie Atomique Actionneur magnetique a aimant mobile
US6894593B2 (en) 2003-02-12 2005-05-17 Moog Inc. Torque motor
GB2429032B (en) * 2005-08-02 2010-06-02 Paxton Access Ltd Lock mechanism
JP5163318B2 (ja) * 2008-06-30 2013-03-13 オムロン株式会社 電磁石装置
DE102013208768A1 (de) * 2013-05-13 2014-11-13 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Elektromagnetischer Aktuator, aktuatorisch bewegbares System enthaltend mehrere solcher Aktuatoren sowie aktuatorisches Bewegungsverfahren

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GB958501A (en) * 1959-07-03 1964-05-21 Philips Electrical Ind Ltd Improvements in electromagnetic devices in which a body is moved between two stable end positions
GB1047848A (en) * 1962-08-09 1966-11-09 H E & B S Benson Ltd Improvements in d.c. electromagnets with permanentmagnet armatures
DE2033378B2 (de) * 1970-07-06 1976-08-05 Anker-Werke Ag, 4800 Bielefeld Elektromagnetischer antrieb zur datenaufzeichnung
US3859547A (en) * 1971-12-23 1975-01-07 Philip E Massie Multi-position solenoid with latching or nonlatching capability
US3772540A (en) * 1972-07-19 1973-11-13 New Process Ind Inc Electromechanical latching actuator
DE2503159C3 (de) * 1975-01-27 1981-05-07 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches Relais und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
GB1466555A (en) * 1975-08-27 1977-03-09 Itt Creed Electromagnetic stylus actuator for a stylus printer
US4157520A (en) * 1975-11-04 1979-06-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Magnetic flux shifting ground fault trip indicator
DE2550134A1 (de) * 1975-11-07 1977-05-18 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag Elektromagnetisches relais
DE2816555A1 (de) * 1977-04-18 1978-10-19 Francaise App Elect Mesure Magnetkreisanordnung fuer einen elektromagneten fuer einen mit einem permanentmagneten als anker
JPS56168315A (en) * 1980-05-30 1981-12-24 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Polarized magnetic circuit configuration
JPS5889059A (ja) * 1981-11-16 1983-05-27 ム−グ・インコ−ポレ−テツド 電気機械式アクチユエ−タ
JPS58157104A (ja) * 1982-03-12 1983-09-19 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 有極電磁石
JPS5913307A (ja) * 1982-07-14 1984-01-24 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 薄型有極ソレノイド
JPS5918411U (ja) * 1982-07-23 1984-02-04 オムロン株式会社 有極電磁石装置
WO1984004198A1 (en) * 1983-04-15 1984-10-25 Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co Electromagnetic actuator apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8900779U1 (de) * 1989-01-25 1989-05-11 Walloschke, Rudolf, 4972 Loehne Impuls-Hubmagnet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2650384A (en) 1985-09-24
WO1985004044A1 (en) 1985-09-12
EP0179911A1 (de) 1986-05-07
GB2165096B (en) 1987-12-31
DE3490674T1 (de) 1986-05-15
AU569879B2 (en) 1988-02-25
GB8523400D0 (en) 1985-10-23
EP0179911A4 (de) 1986-07-23
GB2165096A (en) 1986-04-03

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