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EP0157157B1 - Rebating or groving cutter for the machining of wood or plastics - Google Patents

Rebating or groving cutter for the machining of wood or plastics Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0157157B1
EP0157157B1 EP85102019A EP85102019A EP0157157B1 EP 0157157 B1 EP0157157 B1 EP 0157157B1 EP 85102019 A EP85102019 A EP 85102019A EP 85102019 A EP85102019 A EP 85102019A EP 0157157 B1 EP0157157 B1 EP 0157157B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutter
cutting edge
stocking
tooth
head according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85102019A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0157157A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Gysel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oertli Werkzeuge AG
Original Assignee
Oertli Werkzeuge AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to AT85102019T priority Critical patent/ATE34328T1/en
Publication of EP0157157A1 publication Critical patent/EP0157157A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0157157B1 publication Critical patent/EP0157157B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27BSAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B33/00Sawing tools for saw mills, sawing machines, or sawing devices
    • B27B33/20Edge trimming saw blades or tools combined with means to disintegrate waste
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D61/00Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
    • B23D61/02Circular saw blades
    • B23D61/021Types of set; Variable teeth, e.g. variable in height or gullet depth; Varying pitch; Details of gullet
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27GACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G13/00Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools
    • B27G13/12Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools for profile cutting
    • B27G13/14Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools for profile cutting for cutting grooves or tenons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rebate or slot milling cutter for wood or plastic processing, with at least one roughly plate-shaped pre-cutter attached to the milling body, the outer edge of a first narrow side of this pre-cutter being designed as a lateral cutting edge of the milling cutter and this pre-cutter being arranged on the milling cutter body in this way that this side cutting edge describes a rotating surface during operation that is inclined at an angle of less than 90 ° to the milling cutter axis, including the milling cutter body.
  • DE-OS-2 504 012 describes a milling cutter with a pre-cutter designed as a platelet-shaped reversible knife, in which the cutting edge in the cutting position describes, when it rotates, a rotary surface which is at an angle of less than 90 °, that is to say about 89 °, is inclined to the milling cutter axis, which angle includes the milling cutter.
  • the reversible knife also works as a planer knife.
  • the side cutting edge is thus effective in order to machine the fold or groove flank of the workpiece. This prevents the fold or groove flank from having circular arc-shaped notches originating from the tip of the turning knife.
  • the fold or groove flank is therefore given a smooth, planed surface.
  • the known reversible knife has a square shape, with at least two opposite sides being designed as cutting edges.
  • the wedge angle of the cutting edges is caused by the arrangement of the narrow surface of the plate-shaped reversible knife at an acute angle to the plane of the plate.
  • This arrangement of the narrow surfaces also creates mating surfaces for the precise and safe arrangement of the turning knife on the milling cutter body.
  • the well-known milling cutter also has another indexable knife for chamfering. This is the subject of DE-PS-2 422 034.
  • the known cutter has the disadvantage that it requires two different turning knives to plan the groove or rebate flank and to chamfer or round off the edges.
  • Another particular disadvantage is that the distance between the rebate or groove base and the chamfer or rounding is fixed by the placement of the pre-cutter and the bevel knife on the milling cutter, that is, one and the same milling cutter cannot be used for different rebate or groove depths.
  • rebate and slot milling cutters according to DE-OS-2 504 012 with pre-cutter and chamfer or round knife have proven themselves in such a way that the basic concept has been retained and only improvements have been made.
  • this is achieved in that a projection projecting laterally from the plate is provided at a distance from the peripheral end of the pre-cutter, on which a chamfer or circular knife edge is formed adjacent to the side edge.
  • This configuration of the pre-cutter which additionally has a planing effect, replaces the additional turning knife that has been used for more than ten years for chamfering or rounding.
  • the additional advantage is achieved that the cutter can be used for different rebate or groove depths simply by changing the pre-cutter. It is sufficient that the projection protruding laterally from the plate is arranged on the various pre-cutters in accordance with the groove depth.
  • the plate-shaped pre-cutter is expediently designed as a reversible knife with at least two lateral cutting edges and two chamfering or circular cutting edges.
  • the chamfer or circular knife edges can be arranged at different distances from the respective peripheral end of the pre-cutter. In this case, it is sufficient to turn the reversible knife to use the milling cutter for different rebate or groove depths.
  • the projections are advantageously arranged diagonally offset from one another. This results in a particularly simple construction.
  • At least one of the opposite narrow sides can be designed as a mating surface, which rests on a corresponding mating surface on the milling cutter body. This enables the position of the cutting edge to be fixed easily. However, it is more advantageous to provide two mating surfaces, both of which appropriate mating surfaces on the cutter body to achieve the best possible fixation of the pre-cutter.
  • the lateral cutting edge in the cutting position has a clearance angle such that the projection is located on the same side of the rotating surface as the milling cutter body when the lateral cutting edge is not in the cutting position. In this case, regardless of the remaining design of the pre-cutter, there is no danger that the projection will damage the workpiece when the cutting edge is not in the cutting position.
  • the clearance angle is advantageously 6 to 12 °. However, tests have shown that a clearance angle of 8 ° is optimal for woodworking and creates enough space for the projection to form.
  • the pre-cutter is advantageously made of hard metal. This ensures a very long service life.
  • FIG. 1 shows a milling cutter 11 which can be used, for example, as a rabbet milling cutter.
  • a so-called fold 15 can be seen from FIG. 8, where the workpiece 13 is also shown.
  • the fold 15 produced with the milling cutter 11 has a fold surface 17 and a fold flank 19.
  • This fold flank 19 does not run exactly perpendicular to the cutter axis 21, but has a slight inclination of up to 1 ° to the vertical.
  • the cutter 11 can therefore be said that the lateral cutting edge 18 in the cutting position, when it rotates, describes a rotating surface 45 which is inclined at an angle of less than 90 ° to the cutter axis, which angle includes the cutter 11 (FIG. 6 ).
  • the two knives are the pre-cutter 25 designed as a reversible knife and the clearing knife 27 for processing the fold surface 17 (FIG. 8).
  • the clearing knife 27 is of no essential importance for the present invention and therefore need not be described in more detail.
  • the pre-cutter 25 advantageously consists of a body made of hard metal or hardened steel and has approximately the shape of a plate with a front side 49 and a rear side 50.
  • the cross section of the body 25 is approximately trapezoidal (FIG. 4).
  • the outer edge of a first narrow side 29 of the pre-cutter 25 is designed as a lateral cutting edge 18.
  • the outer edge of the third narrow side 31 opposite the first narrow side 29 is designed as a lateral cutting edge 18 '.
  • the roughing cutter 25 thus has two lateral cutting edges 18, 18 ', of which the lateral cutting edge 18 is in the cutting position in FIG. 1.
  • the wedge angle of the lateral cutting edges 18, 18 ' is brought about by the arrangement of the narrow sides 29, 31 at an acute angle to the plane of the platelet.
  • the oblique arrangement of the narrow sides 29, 31 serves not only to generate the wedge angle, but also as a mating surface for the precise and secure arrangement of the pre-cutter 25 on the cutter body 12.
  • a projection 33 is provided at a distance from the peripheral end 34 of the pre-cutter 25, on which a circular cutting edge 35 is formed.
  • This embodiment will now be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. It can be seen there that the projection 33 protrudes from the surface 49 of the plate.
  • This projection 33 has a front surface 36, an inclined surface 51, a plane 29 common to the platelet body, and a trough-shaped surface 52. This trough-shaped surface forms, together with the plane 29, the circular cutting edge 35.
  • the lateral cutting edge 18 is seamless into the circular cutting edge 35. This creates a curve 32 in the workpiece 13 (FIG. 8).
  • a barrel cutting edge may be provided which produces a chamfer on the workpiece 13 instead of a rounding 32.
  • FIG. 3 shows, when the pre-cutter 25 is designed as a reversible cutting edge, the two halves are the same but offset from one another by 180 °.
  • the peripheral end 34 hence the end 34 ', the lateral cutting edge 18 the lateral cutting edge 18', the circular cutting edge 35 the circular cutting edge 35 ', the projection 33 the projection 33'.
  • FIG. 5 is of the same design as that of FIG. 3, but the distance of the circular cutting edge 35 or 35 'from the peripheral end 34 or 34' is greater than in FIG. 3.
  • the reamer 25 of FIG. 5 is therefore used for a larger fold depth than that of Figure 3.
  • the roughing cutter 25 is fastened on the cutter body 12 in a groove 38.
  • This groove 38 forms one to two mating surfaces 39 in the form of bevelled side surfaces for the correct arrangement of the pre-cutter 25 on the milling cutter body 12.
  • the pre-cutter 25 is advantageously fastened by means of a countersunk screw 43.
  • the pre-cutter 25 has a correspondingly countersunk opening 40 (Fig. 4, 5).
  • the groove 38 and thus also the pre-cutter 25 after it has been attached to the cutter body 12 show two special features.
  • a first is that the groove 38 inclines in such a way that a so-called clearance angle is formed between the cutting edge 18 of the pre-cutter 25 and the rotary surface 45 (FIG. 6). Since the roughing cutter 25 is platelet-shaped and the surfaces 49 and 50 are parallel (FIG. 4), the clearance angle corresponds to the angle ⁇ between the base surface 41 of the groove 38 (FIG. 2) and the flat side surface 43 'of the milling cutter body 12. In other words expressed, the base 41 of the groove 38 is inclined so that the desired clearance angle is created behind the cutting edge 18.
  • This clearance angle is advantageously dimensioned in such a way that the projection 33 ′, when the lateral cutting edge 18 ′ is not in the cutting position, is located entirely on the same side of the rotating surface 45 as the milling cutter body 12, that is to say does not protrude through the rotating surface.
  • the clearance angle can be approximately 6 to 12 °, advantageously approximately 8 °.
  • a second special feature of the arrangement of the groove 38 is that the lateral cutting edge 18 in the cutting position describes a rotating surface 45 when it rotates, which is at an angle of less than 90 ° is inclined to the milling cutter axis 21, which angle includes the milling cutter 11 (FIG. 5). In this way it is achieved that the pre-cutter 25 also exerts a planing action during operation and thus produces a smooth fold flank 19 (FIG. 8).
  • the distance between the cutting edge 35 and the front end 34 can be greater than the distance between the cutting edge 35 'and the end 34'.
  • a milling cutter 11 can be changed over by simply turning the pre-cutter for a different depth of fold.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Dovetailed Work, And Nailing Machines And Stapling Machines For Wood (AREA)

Abstract

1. Notching or rebating cutter head for working wood or plastics comprising at least one stocking tooth (25) having approximately the form of a platelet and being fastened on the cutter body (12), the outer edge (18) of a first narrow side of the stocking tooth (25) being a lateral cutting edge (18, 18') of the cutting tool and said stocking tooth (25) being located in such a way on the cutter body (12) that the lateral cutting edge (18, 18'), in operation, defines a surface of revolution (45) being inclined with respect to cutter axis at an angle enclosing the cutter body (12), said angle being less than 90 degrees, characterized in that, at a certain distance from the peripheral end (34, 34') of the stocking tooth (25), a protrusion (33, 33') is provided which extends laterally from the platelet, on said protrusion being formed, contiguous to said lateral cutting edge (18, 18'), a chamfering or rounding cutting edge (35, 35').

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Falz- oder Nutenfräser für die Holz- oder Kunststoffbearbeitung, mit mindestens einem am Fräskörper befestigten, etwa plättchenförmigen Vorschneider, wobei die aussenliegende Kante einer ersten Schmalseite dieses Vorschneiders als seitliche Schneide des Fräsers ausgebildet ist und dieser Vorschneider derart am Fräserkörper angeordnet ist, dass diese seitliche Schneide im Betrieb eine Drehfläche beschreibt, die in einem den Fräserkörper einschliessenden Winkel von weniger als 90° zur Fräserachse geneigt ist.The invention relates to a rebate or slot milling cutter for wood or plastic processing, with at least one roughly plate-shaped pre-cutter attached to the milling body, the outer edge of a first narrow side of this pre-cutter being designed as a lateral cutting edge of the milling cutter and this pre-cutter being arranged on the milling cutter body in this way that this side cutting edge describes a rotating surface during operation that is inclined at an angle of less than 90 ° to the milling cutter axis, including the milling cutter body.

In der DE-OS-2 504 012 ist ein Fräser mit einem als plättchenförmigen Wendemesser ausgebildeten Vorschneider beschrieben, bei dem die sich in Schneidstellung befindliche Schneide bei ihrer Drehung eine Drehfläche beschreibt, die in einem Winkel von weniger als 90°, also von etwa 89°, zur Fräserachse geneigt ist, welcher Winkel den Fräser einschliesst. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, dass das Wendemesser ausser seiner bekannten Funktion als Vorschneider auch noch als Hobelmesser arbeitet. Es ist somit die seitliche Schneide wirksam, um die Falz- oder Nutenflanke des Werkstücks zu bearbeiten. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass die Falz- oder Nutenflanke von der Spitze des Wendemessers herrührende kreisbogenförmige Kerben aufweist. Die Falz-oder Nutenflanke erhält daher eine glatte, gehobelte Oberfläche. Das bekannte Wendemesser besitzt eine viereckige Form, wobei mindestens zwei einander gegenüberliegende Seiten als Schneiden ausgebildet sind. Der Keilwinkel der Schneiden wird durch die Anordnung der Schmalfläche des plättchenförmigen Wendemessers in einem spitzen Winkel zur Plättchenebene bewirkt. Diese Anordnung der Schmalflächen schafft auch Passflächen zur genauen und sicheren Anordnung des Wendemessers auf dem Fräserkörper. Ausser dem Vorschneider besitzt der bekannte Fräser auch noch ein weiteres Wendeschneidmesser zum Anfasen. Dieses ist Gegenstand der DE-PS-2 422 034. Es weist die Form eines regulären Vierecks auf, wobei die Spannuten von jeder Ecke des Vierecks radial nach innen verlaufen und zu beiden Seiten der Spannute einander gegenüberliegende Schneiden vorgesehen sind. Der vorbekannte Fräser hat den Nachteil, dass er zum Hobeln der Nuten- oder Falzflanke und zum Anfasen oder Abrunden der Kanten zwei verschiedene Wendemesser benötigt. Von besonderem Nachteil ist ferner, dass durch die Plazierung des Vorschneiders und des Fasmessers auf dem Fräser die Distanz zwischen Falz- oder Nutengrund und Fase oder Rundung fest vorgegeben ist, also ein und derselbe Fräser nicht für verschiedene Falz- oder Nutentiefen verwendbar ist. Im übrigen haben sich aber Falz-und Nutenfräser gemäss der DE-OS-2 504 012 mit Vorschneider und Fas- oder Rundmesser derart bewährt, dass das Grundkonzept beibehalten wurde und lediglich Verbesserungen erfolgten.DE-OS-2 504 012 describes a milling cutter with a pre-cutter designed as a platelet-shaped reversible knife, in which the cutting edge in the cutting position describes, when it rotates, a rotary surface which is at an angle of less than 90 °, that is to say about 89 °, is inclined to the milling cutter axis, which angle includes the milling cutter. In this way it is achieved that, in addition to its known function as a pre-cutter, the reversible knife also works as a planer knife. The side cutting edge is thus effective in order to machine the fold or groove flank of the workpiece. This prevents the fold or groove flank from having circular arc-shaped notches originating from the tip of the turning knife. The fold or groove flank is therefore given a smooth, planed surface. The known reversible knife has a square shape, with at least two opposite sides being designed as cutting edges. The wedge angle of the cutting edges is caused by the arrangement of the narrow surface of the plate-shaped reversible knife at an acute angle to the plane of the plate. This arrangement of the narrow surfaces also creates mating surfaces for the precise and safe arrangement of the turning knife on the milling cutter body. In addition to the pre-cutter, the well-known milling cutter also has another indexable knife for chamfering. This is the subject of DE-PS-2 422 034. It has the shape of a regular quadrilateral, the flutes running radially inwards from each corner of the quadrilateral and cutting edges which are located opposite one another on both sides of the flute. The known cutter has the disadvantage that it requires two different turning knives to plan the groove or rebate flank and to chamfer or round off the edges. Another particular disadvantage is that the distance between the rebate or groove base and the chamfer or rounding is fixed by the placement of the pre-cutter and the bevel knife on the milling cutter, that is, one and the same milling cutter cannot be used for different rebate or groove depths. For the rest, however, rebate and slot milling cutters according to DE-OS-2 504 012 with pre-cutter and chamfer or round knife have proven themselves in such a way that the basic concept has been retained and only improvements have been made.

Eine wichtige Verbesserung ist in der DE-PS-3 022 937 beschrieben. Dort wird ein plättchenförmiger Vorschneider der eingangs erwähnten Art gezeigt, bei dem die an die seitliche Schneide angrenzende Kante einer zweiten Schmalseite eine Rundung aufweist, wobei in der Nähe der Stelle, wo die erste Schmalseite an die zweite Schmalseite angrenzt, die erste Schmalseite aufgebogen ist, so dass sie zusammen mit der zweiten Schmalseite eine periphere Schneide des Fräsers bildet. Diese Ausbildung des plättchenförmigen Vorschneiders hat dort Vorteile, wo kein scharfkantiges Ausfräsen des Nuten- oder Falzgrundes erwünscht ist. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass auch ein Fräser mit einem solchen Vorschneider immer noch, wie vorher beschrieben, ein separates Fas-oder Rundmesser braucht.An important improvement is described in DE-PS-3 022 937. There is shown a plate-shaped pre-cutter of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the edge of a second narrow side adjoining the lateral cutting edge has a curve, the first narrow side being bent up near the point where the first narrow side adjoins the second narrow side, so that it forms a peripheral cutting edge of the milling cutter together with the second narrow side. This design of the plate-shaped pre-cutter has advantages where no sharp-edged milling of the groove or rebate base is desired. It is disadvantageous, however, that even a milling cutter with such a pre-cutter still requires a separate chamfering or round knife, as previously described.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Falz- oder Nutenfräser der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, bei dem ein einziges Wendeschneidmesser ausser seiner bekannten Funktion als Vorschneider und als Hobelmesser zusätzlich noch als Fas- oder Rundmesser arbeitet.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a rebate or slot milling cutter of the type mentioned at the outset, in which a single indexable knife, in addition to its known function as a pre-cutter and as a planing knife, also works as a chamfering or circular knife.

Gemäss der Erfindung wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass in einem Abstand vom peripheren Ende des Vorschneiders ein seitlich aus dem Plättchen ragender Vorsprung vorgesehen ist, an dem angrenzend an die seitliche Schneide eine Fas- oder Rundmesserschneide ausgebildet ist.According to the invention, this is achieved in that a projection projecting laterally from the plate is provided at a distance from the peripheral end of the pre-cutter, on which a chamfer or circular knife edge is formed adjacent to the side edge.

Durch diese Ausgestaltung des zusätzlich eine Hobelwirkung aufweisenden Vorschneiders wird das seit mehr als zehn Jahren gebräuchliche zusätzliche Wendemesser zum Fasen oder Runden ersetzt. Dabei wird noch der zusätzliche Vorteil erzielt, dass der Fräser allein durch Auswechseln des Vorschneiders für verschiedene Falz- oder Nutentiefen verwendbar ist. Es genügt nämlich, dass an den verschiedenen Vorschneidern der seitlich aus dem Plättchen ragende Vorsprung entsprechend der Nutentiefe angeordnet ist.This configuration of the pre-cutter, which additionally has a planing effect, replaces the additional turning knife that has been used for more than ten years for chamfering or rounding. The additional advantage is achieved that the cutter can be used for different rebate or groove depths simply by changing the pre-cutter. It is sufficient that the projection protruding laterally from the plate is arranged on the various pre-cutters in accordance with the groove depth.

Zweckmässigerweise ist der plättchenförmige Vorschneider als Wendemesser mit mindestens zwei seitlichen Schneiden und zwei Fas- oder Rundmesserschneiden ausgebildet. Dabei können die Fas- oder Rundmesserschneiden in verschiedenen Abständen von dem jeweiligen peripheren Ende des Vorschneiders angeordnet sein. In diesem Falle genügt es, das Wendemesser zu wenden, um den Fräser für verschiedene Falz- oder Nutentiefen zu benützen.The plate-shaped pre-cutter is expediently designed as a reversible knife with at least two lateral cutting edges and two chamfering or circular cutting edges. The chamfer or circular knife edges can be arranged at different distances from the respective peripheral end of the pre-cutter. In this case, it is sufficient to turn the reversible knife to use the milling cutter for different rebate or groove depths.

Die Vorsprünge sind vorteilhaft diagonal zueinander versetzt angeordnet. Dies ergibt eine besonders einfache Konstruktion.The projections are advantageously arranged diagonally offset from one another. This results in a particularly simple construction.

Mindestens eine der einander gegenüberliegenden Schmalseiten kann als Passfläche ausgebildet sein, die an einer entsprechenden Passfläche am Fräserkörper anliegt. Dies ermöglicht eine einfache Fixierung der Lage der Schneide. Es ist aber vorteilhafter, zwei Passflächen vorzusehen, welche beide an entsprechenden Passflächen am Fräserkörper anliegen, um eine möglichst gute Fixierung des Vorschneiders zu erzielen.At least one of the opposite narrow sides can be designed as a mating surface, which rests on a corresponding mating surface on the milling cutter body. This enables the position of the cutting edge to be fixed easily. However, it is more advantageous to provide two mating surfaces, both of which appropriate mating surfaces on the cutter body to achieve the best possible fixation of the pre-cutter.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist, wenn die in Schnittstellung befindliche seitliche Schneide einen derart bemessenen Freiwinkel aufweist, dass sich der Vorsprung bei der sich nicht in Schneidstellung befindlichen seitlichen Schneide ganz auf der gleichen Seite der Drehfläche befindet wie der Fräserkörper. In diesem Falle besteht unabhängig von der übrigen Ausbildung des Vorschneiders keine Gefahr, dass der Vorsprung bei der sich nicht in Schneidstellung befindlichen Schneide das Werkstück beschädigt.It is particularly advantageous if the lateral cutting edge in the cutting position has a clearance angle such that the projection is located on the same side of the rotating surface as the milling cutter body when the lateral cutting edge is not in the cutting position. In this case, regardless of the remaining design of the pre-cutter, there is no danger that the projection will damage the workpiece when the cutting edge is not in the cutting position.

Der Freiwinkel beträgt vorteilhaft 6 bis 12°. Versuche haben jedoch gezeigt, dass ein Freiwinkel von 8° für die Holzbearbeitung optimal ist und genügend Raum für die Ausbildung des Vorsprungs bildet.The clearance angle is advantageously 6 to 12 °. However, tests have shown that a clearance angle of 8 ° is optimal for woodworking and creates enough space for the projection to form.

Der Vorschneider besteht vorteilhaft aus Hartmetall. Dadurch wird eine sehr hohe Standzeit erreicht.The pre-cutter is advantageously made of hard metal. This ensures a very long service life.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 die Anwendung der Erfindung bei einem Falzfräser,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 11-11 von Figur 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Ansicht des Vorschneiders,
  • Fig. 4 der Vorschneider von Figur 3 von oben gesehen,
  • Fig. 5 einen Vorschneider wie in Figur 3, wobei jedoch der Abstand zwischen der Spitze und der Rundmesserschneide grösser ist,
  • Fig. 6 und 7 eine schematische Darstellung der wirksamen Schneiden des Vorschneiders, der ebenfalls zum Hobeln der Flanke und zum Runden der Kante verwendet wird, und des Räumermessers,
  • Fig. 8 die kombinierte Wirkung der verschiedenen Messerschneiden zur Erzeugung des Falzes.
The invention will now be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing. It shows:
  • 1 shows the application of the invention in a rebate cutter,
  • 2 shows a section along the line 11-11 of FIG. 1,
  • 3 is a view of the pre-cutter,
  • 4 the pre-cutter of Figure 3 seen from above,
  • 5 shows a pre-cutter as in FIG. 3, but the distance between the tip and the circular knife edge is greater,
  • 6 and 7 is a schematic representation of the effective cutting of the pre-cutter, which is also used for planing the flank and for rounding the edge, and the reamer,
  • 8 shows the combined effect of the different knife edges for producing the fold.

In Figur 1 ist ein Fräser 11 dargestellt, der beispielsweise als Falzfräser verwendbar ist. Der Einfachheit halber ist in Figur 1 nur eine Hälfte des Fräsers 11 dargestellt. Das mit dem Fräser 11 gemäss Figur 1 herzustellende Profil, ein sogenannter Falz 15, ist aus Figur 8 ersichtlich, wo auch das Werkstück 13 dargestellt ist. Der mit dem Fräser 11 hergestellte Falz 15 weist eine Falzfläche 17 und eine Falzflanke 19 auf. Diese Falzflanke 19 läuft nicht genau senkrecht zur Fräserachse 21, sondern besitzt eine geringe Neigung von bis zu 1° zur Senkrechten. Vom Fräser 11 kann daher gesagt werden, dass die sich in Schneidstellung befindliche seitliche Schneide 18 bei ihrer Drehung eine Drehfläche 45 beschreibt, die in einem Winkel von weniger als 90°, zur Fräserachse geneigt ist, welcher Winkel den Fräser 11 einschliesst (Fig. 6).1 shows a milling cutter 11 which can be used, for example, as a rabbet milling cutter. For the sake of simplicity, only one half of the milling cutter 11 is shown in FIG. The profile to be produced with the milling cutter 11 according to FIG. 1, a so-called fold 15, can be seen from FIG. 8, where the workpiece 13 is also shown. The fold 15 produced with the milling cutter 11 has a fold surface 17 and a fold flank 19. This fold flank 19 does not run exactly perpendicular to the cutter axis 21, but has a slight inclination of up to 1 ° to the vertical. The cutter 11 can therefore be said that the lateral cutting edge 18 in the cutting position, when it rotates, describes a rotating surface 45 which is inclined at an angle of less than 90 ° to the cutter axis, which angle includes the cutter 11 (FIG. 6 ).

Bevor nun auf die wesentlichen Merkmale des Erfindungsgegenstandes näher eingegangen wird, sind noch die beim Ausführungsbeispiel von Figur 1 gezeigten Messer kurz zu erläutern. Bei den zwei Messern handelt es sich um den als Wendemesser ausgestalteten Vorschneider 25 und das Räumermesser 27 zur Bearbeitung der Falzfläche 17 (Fig. 8). Das Räumermesser 27 ist für die vorliegende Erfindung ohne wesentliche Bedeutung und braucht daher nicht näher beschrieben zu werden.Before going into the essential features of the subject matter of the invention, the knives shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1 must be briefly explained. The two knives are the pre-cutter 25 designed as a reversible knife and the clearing knife 27 for processing the fold surface 17 (FIG. 8). The clearing knife 27 is of no essential importance for the present invention and therefore need not be described in more detail.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Vorschneiders 25 ist vor allem aus den Fig. 3 und 4 ersichtlich. Der Vorschneider 25 besteht vorteilhaft aus einem Körper aus Hartmetall oder gehärtetem Stahl und hat etwa die Form eines Plättchens mit einer Vorderseite 49 und einer Rückseite 50. Im Querschnitt ist der Körper 25 etwa trapezförmig (Fig. 4). Die äussere Kante einer ersten Schmalseite 29 des Vorschneiders 25 ist als seitliche Schneide 18 ausgebildet. In gleicher Weise ist die äussere Kante der der ersten Schmalseite 29 gegenüberliegenden dritten Schmalseite 31 als seitliche Schneide 18' ausgebildet. Der Vorschneider 25 besitzt also zwei seitliche Schneiden 18, 18', von denen in Fig. 1 die seitliche Schneide 18 in Schneidstellung ist. Der Keilwinkel der seitlichen Schneiden 18, 18' wird durch die Anordnung der Schmalseiten 29, 31 in einem spitzen Winkel zur Plättchenebene bewirkt. Wie noch später erläutert werden wird, dient die schräge Anordnung der Schmalseiten 29, 31 nicht nur der Erzeugung des Keilwinkels, sondern darüber hinaus noch als Passfläche zur genauen und sicheren Anordnung des Vorschneiders 25 auf dem Fräserkörper 12.An embodiment of the pre-cutter 25 can be seen above all from FIGS. 3 and 4. The pre-cutter 25 advantageously consists of a body made of hard metal or hardened steel and has approximately the shape of a plate with a front side 49 and a rear side 50. The cross section of the body 25 is approximately trapezoidal (FIG. 4). The outer edge of a first narrow side 29 of the pre-cutter 25 is designed as a lateral cutting edge 18. In the same way, the outer edge of the third narrow side 31 opposite the first narrow side 29 is designed as a lateral cutting edge 18 '. The roughing cutter 25 thus has two lateral cutting edges 18, 18 ', of which the lateral cutting edge 18 is in the cutting position in FIG. 1. The wedge angle of the lateral cutting edges 18, 18 'is brought about by the arrangement of the narrow sides 29, 31 at an acute angle to the plane of the platelet. As will be explained later, the oblique arrangement of the narrow sides 29, 31 serves not only to generate the wedge angle, but also as a mating surface for the precise and secure arrangement of the pre-cutter 25 on the cutter body 12.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, befindet sich jeweils eine der seitlichen Schneiden 18, 18', z. B.As can be seen from Fig. 1, one of the side cutting edges 18, 18 ', z. B.

Schneide 18, in der Schneidstellung. Nach Abnützung dieser Schneide 18 kann durch Wenden des Vorschneiders 25 um 180° die andere Schneide 18' in die Schneidstellung gebracht werden.Cutting edge 18, in the cutting position. After this cutting edge 18 has worn out, the other cutting edge 18 'can be brought into the cutting position by turning the pre-cutter 25 through 180 °.

Von besonderer Bedeutung ist nun, dass in einem Abstand vom peripheren Ende 34 des Vorschneiders 25 ein seitlich aus dem Plättchen ragender Vorsprung 33 vorgesehen ist, an dem eine Rundschneide 35 ausgebildet ist. Diese Ausgestaltung wird nun unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 3 und 4 näher beschrieben. Dort ist ersichtlich, dass der Vorsprung 33 aus der Fläche 49 des Plättchens ragt. Dieser Vorsprung 33 hat eine Frontfläche 36, eine Schrägfläche 51, eine mit dem Plättchenkörper gemeinsame Ebene 29, und eine muldenförmige Fläche 52. Diese muldenförmige Fläche bildet zusammen mit der Ebene 29 die Rundschneide 35. Wie Figur 3 zeigt, geht die seitliche Schneide 18 übergangslos in die Rundschneide 35 über. Diese erzeugt beim Werkstück 13 eine Rundung 32 (Fig. 8). Statt einer Rundschneide 35 könnte auch z. B. eine Fasschneide vorgesehen sein, die beim Werkstück 13 statt einer Rundung 32 eine Fase erzeugt.It is of particular importance that a projection 33 is provided at a distance from the peripheral end 34 of the pre-cutter 25, on which a circular cutting edge 35 is formed. This embodiment will now be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. It can be seen there that the projection 33 protrudes from the surface 49 of the plate. This projection 33 has a front surface 36, an inclined surface 51, a plane 29 common to the platelet body, and a trough-shaped surface 52. This trough-shaped surface forms, together with the plane 29, the circular cutting edge 35. As FIG. 3 shows, the lateral cutting edge 18 is seamless into the circular cutting edge 35. This creates a curve 32 in the workpiece 13 (FIG. 8). Instead of a circular cutting edge 35 z. B. a barrel cutting edge may be provided which produces a chamfer on the workpiece 13 instead of a rounding 32.

Wie Figur 3 zeigt, sind bei der Ausbildung des Vorschneiders 25 als Wendeschneide die beiden Hälften gleich aber um 180° versetzt zueinander ausgebildet. Dem peripheren Ende 34 entspricht daher das Ende 34', der seitlichen Schneide 18 die seitliche Schneide 18', der Rundschneide 35 die Rundschneide 35', dem Vorsprung 33 der Vorsprung 33'.As FIG. 3 shows, when the pre-cutter 25 is designed as a reversible cutting edge, the two halves are the same but offset from one another by 180 °. Corresponds to the peripheral end 34 hence the end 34 ', the lateral cutting edge 18 the lateral cutting edge 18', the circular cutting edge 35 the circular cutting edge 35 ', the projection 33 the projection 33'.

Der Vorschneider 25 gemäss Fig. 5 ist gleich ausgebildet wie jener von Figur 3, jedoch ist der Abstand der Rundschneide 35 bzw. 35' vom peripheren Ende 34 bzw. 34' grösser als in Figur 3. Das Räumermesser 25 von Figur 5 dient also für eine grössere Falztiefe als jenes von Figur 3.5 is of the same design as that of FIG. 3, but the distance of the circular cutting edge 35 or 35 'from the peripheral end 34 or 34' is greater than in FIG. 3. The reamer 25 of FIG. 5 is therefore used for a larger fold depth than that of Figure 3.

Der Vorschneider 25 ist auf dem Fräserkörper 12 in einer Nut 38 befestigt. Diese Nut 38 bildet ein bis zwei Passflächen 39 in Form von abgeschrägten Seitenflächen zur richtigen Anordnung des Vorschneiders 25 auf dem Fräserkörper 12. Die Befestigung des Vorschneiders 25 erfolgt vorteilhaft mittels einer Senkkopfschraube 43. Zu diesem Zweck weist der Vorschneider 25 eine entsprechend angesenkte Öffnung 40 auf (Fig. 4, 5).The roughing cutter 25 is fastened on the cutter body 12 in a groove 38. This groove 38 forms one to two mating surfaces 39 in the form of bevelled side surfaces for the correct arrangement of the pre-cutter 25 on the milling cutter body 12. The pre-cutter 25 is advantageously fastened by means of a countersunk screw 43. For this purpose, the pre-cutter 25 has a correspondingly countersunk opening 40 (Fig. 4, 5).

Die Nut 38 und somit auch der Vorschneider 25 nach seiner Befestigung am Fräserkörper 12 zeigen zwei Besonderheiten. Eine erste besteht darin, dass sich die Nut 38 derart neigt, dass zwischen der Schneide 18 des Vorschneiders 25 und der Drehfläche 45 (Fig. 6) ein sogenannter Freiwinkel gebildet wird. Da der Vorschneider 25 plättchenförmig ist und die Flächen 49 und 50 parallel sind (Fig. 4) entspricht der Freiwinkel dem Winkel a zwischen der Grundfläche 41 der Nut 38 (Fig. 2) und der ebenen Seitenfläche 43' des Fräserkörpers 12. Mit anderen Worten ausgedrückt, die Grundfläche 41 der Nut 38 ist so geneigt, dass der gewünschte Freiwinkel hinter der Schneide 18 entsteht. Dieser Freiwinkel ist vorteilhaft so bemessen, dass sich der Vorsprung 33' bei der sich nicht in Schneidstellung befindlichen seitlichen Schneide 18' ganz auf der gleichen Seite der Drehfläche 45 befindet, wie der Fräserkörper 12, also nicht durch die Drehfläche hindurchragt. Der Freiwinkel kann etwa 6 bis 12° betragen, vorteilhaft etwa 8° Eine zweite Besonderheit der Anordnung der Nut 38 besteht darin, dass die in Schneidstellung befindliche seitliche Schneide 18 bei ihrer Drehung eine Drehfläche 45 beschreibt, die in einem Winkel von weniger als 90° zur Fräserachse 21 geneigt ist, welcher Winkel den Fräser 11 einschliesst (Fig. 5). Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, dass der Vorschneider 25 im Betrieb auch eine hobelnde Wirkung ausübt und somit eine glatte Falzflanke 19 (Fig. 8) erzeugt.The groove 38 and thus also the pre-cutter 25 after it has been attached to the cutter body 12 show two special features. A first is that the groove 38 inclines in such a way that a so-called clearance angle is formed between the cutting edge 18 of the pre-cutter 25 and the rotary surface 45 (FIG. 6). Since the roughing cutter 25 is platelet-shaped and the surfaces 49 and 50 are parallel (FIG. 4), the clearance angle corresponds to the angle α between the base surface 41 of the groove 38 (FIG. 2) and the flat side surface 43 'of the milling cutter body 12. In other words expressed, the base 41 of the groove 38 is inclined so that the desired clearance angle is created behind the cutting edge 18. This clearance angle is advantageously dimensioned in such a way that the projection 33 ′, when the lateral cutting edge 18 ′ is not in the cutting position, is located entirely on the same side of the rotating surface 45 as the milling cutter body 12, that is to say does not protrude through the rotating surface. The clearance angle can be approximately 6 to 12 °, advantageously approximately 8 °. A second special feature of the arrangement of the groove 38 is that the lateral cutting edge 18 in the cutting position describes a rotating surface 45 when it rotates, which is at an angle of less than 90 ° is inclined to the milling cutter axis 21, which angle includes the milling cutter 11 (FIG. 5). In this way it is achieved that the pre-cutter 25 also exerts a planing action during operation and thus produces a smooth fold flank 19 (FIG. 8).

Es sind verschiedene Änderungen möglich, ohne vom Grundgedanken der Erfindung abzuweichen. So kann beispielsweise bei ein und demselben Vorschneider der Abstand der Schneide 35 vom vorderen Ende 34 grösser sein als der Abstand der Schneide 35' vom Ende 34'. In diesem Fall kann ein Fräser 11 durch blosses Wenden des Vorschneiders für eine andere Falztiefe umgestellt werden.Various changes are possible without departing from the basic idea of the invention. For example, with one and the same pre-cutter, the distance between the cutting edge 35 and the front end 34 can be greater than the distance between the cutting edge 35 'and the end 34'. In this case, a milling cutter 11 can be changed over by simply turning the pre-cutter for a different depth of fold.

Claims (10)

1. Notching or rebating cutter head for working wood or plastics comprising at least one stocking tooth (25) having approximately the form of a platelet and being fastened on the cutter body (12), the outer edge (18) of a first narrow side of the stocking tooth (25) being a lateral cutting edge (18, 18') of the cutting tool and said stocking tooth (25) being located in such a way on the cutter body (12) that the lateral cutting edge (18, 18'), in operation, defines a surface of revolution (45) being inclined with respect to cutter axis at an angle enclosing the cutter body (12), said angle being less than 90°, characterized in that, at a certain distance from the peripheral end (34, 34') of the stocking tooth (25), a protrusion (33, 33') is provided which extends laterally from the platelet, on said protrusion being formed, contiguous to said lateral cutting edge (18, 18'), a champfering or rounding cutting edge (35, 35').
2. Cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that the stocking tooth (25) in form of a platelet has the form of a reversible cutter comprising two lateral cutting edges (18, 18') and two champfering or rounding cutting edges (35, 35').
3. Cutter head according to claim 2, characterized in that the two halves of the reversible cutter are of equal form but offset to each other by 180°.
4. Cutter head according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that one champfering or rounding cutting edge (34') is located at a larger distance from the end (34') than the other champfering or cutting edge is from the other end (34).
5. Cutter head according to one of the claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the reversible cutter has approximately the form of a parallelogram.
6. Cutter head according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the mutually opposing narrow sides of the stocking tooth (25) has the form of a fitting area, said fitting area engaging a corresponding fitting area (39) on the cutter body (12).
7. Cutter head according to one of the claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the lateral cutting edge (18) which is in cutting position has such a clearance angle that the protrusion (33') at the lateral cutting edge (18') which is not in cutting position is fully located on the same side of the surface of revolution (45) as the cutter body (12).
8. Cutter head according to claim 7, characterized in that the clearance angle is 6 to 12°.
9. Cutter head according to claim 8, characterized in that the clearance angle is 8°.
10. Cutter head according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the stocking tooth (25) consists of metal carbide.
EP85102019A 1984-04-06 1985-02-23 Rebating or groving cutter for the machining of wood or plastics Expired EP0157157B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85102019T ATE34328T1 (en) 1984-04-06 1985-02-23 REBATE OR FLOOVE CUTTERS FOR WOOD OR PLASTIC PROCESSING.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1745/84 1984-04-06
CH174584 1984-04-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0157157A1 EP0157157A1 (en) 1985-10-09
EP0157157B1 true EP0157157B1 (en) 1988-05-18

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ID=4217589

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85102019A Expired EP0157157B1 (en) 1984-04-06 1985-02-23 Rebating or groving cutter for the machining of wood or plastics

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EP (1) EP0157157B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE34328T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3562724D1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9301255U1 (en) * 1993-01-29 1993-03-25 Schrammel, Helmut, 7920 Heidenheim Milling tool for milling a rebate or similar profile

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT397367B (en) * 1992-07-06 1994-03-25 Sperl Josef MILLING TOOL
DE4443563C2 (en) * 1993-12-07 1996-02-22 Schrammel Helmut Dipl Ing Fh Milling knife and support body for holding the milling knife
CN113579640B (en) * 2021-07-19 2023-06-30 山西平阳重工机械有限责任公司 Processing method of semi-closed inner cavity of high-temperature alloy material

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2504012A1 (en) * 1964-10-30 1975-10-16 Oertli Werkzeuge Ag CUTTERS, IN PARTICULAR REBATE OR SLOTING CUTTERS WITH INDEXABLE CUTTERS

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9301255U1 (en) * 1993-01-29 1993-03-25 Schrammel, Helmut, 7920 Heidenheim Milling tool for milling a rebate or similar profile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE34328T1 (en) 1988-06-15
EP0157157A1 (en) 1985-10-09
DE3562724D1 (en) 1988-06-23

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