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EP0033788A1 - Electric heating apparatus - Google Patents

Electric heating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0033788A1
EP0033788A1 EP80200803A EP80200803A EP0033788A1 EP 0033788 A1 EP0033788 A1 EP 0033788A1 EP 80200803 A EP80200803 A EP 80200803A EP 80200803 A EP80200803 A EP 80200803A EP 0033788 A1 EP0033788 A1 EP 0033788A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
propeller
flat
elastic deformation
slots
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80200803A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
André Dubois
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Generale Belge Des Isolants (cogebi) Cie SA
Original Assignee
Generale Belge Des Isolants (cogebi) Cie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Generale Belge Des Isolants (cogebi) Cie SA filed Critical Generale Belge Des Isolants (cogebi) Cie SA
Publication of EP0033788A1 publication Critical patent/EP0033788A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a heating appliance equipped with a particularly simple heating element and of economical manufacture. It is characterized in that the heating element is composed of at least one wire wound in a helix whose end loops and several intermediate loops are secured to the support, for example by stapling. Preferably, the heating element is composed of at least two helically wound wires fixed on either side of the support. In the latter case, it is possible to assemble back to back two cartons of mica, each supporting a helically wound wire. Ultimately, each turn of the propeller can be maintained by the support or an element secured to the latter.
  • a flat cardboard of mica serves as lateral support for a propeller 2 made of electric resistant wire with strongly spaced turns.
  • tongue 3 in a heat-resistant insulation in this case a tongue of mica cardboard, of small width compared to the diameter of the propeller is introduced into the latter and secured to the support 1 by rivets 4 passing between two neighboring turns.
  • the tongue 3 applies the propeller 2 laterally against the support.
  • This fixing allows the wire to expand, but prevents it from vibrating if the wire is supplied with alternating current.
  • rivets it is possible to use other heat-resistant fastening means, even glues.
  • each loop When the wire is relatively stiff, it is not necessary to secure each loop with the support 1, it then suffices to fix the end loops and several intermediate loops to the support, for example as the case may be, each 3rd or 5th loop .
  • This fixing can in particular be carried out by stapling the loops on the support 1 of mica cardboard.
  • the staples 11 are provided with a tightening loop 12 conforming to the shape of the wire 2 of the propeller, in order to ensure that the wire is firmly held against the vibration forces which stress when it is traversed by nominal alternating current.
  • the propeller 2 is threaded into pairs of holes 5.
  • the spacing between two holes of a pair is substantially smaller than the diameter of the propeller. If the threading of the propeller wire in the holes imposes on it a different curvature than that which it presents not threaded, it is possible to pinch each turn firmly so as to once again ensure a solid fixing of the turns allowing their expansion and preventing vibration which in particular in the case of AC power supply could constitute a source of noise.
  • the curvature of the propeller wire 2 in the execution according to FIG. 3 is determined by the thickness of the support 1 and the diameter of the holes 5.
  • the particular advantage of the solution according to FIG. 1 is that it makes it possible to obtain rigid elements not only with respect to bending forces in the plane of the support 1 but also with respect to such forces perpendicular to the plane of the support. 1.
  • the solution of figs.2 and 3 allows the manufacture of elements which can be bent around an axis, not shown, preferably on the opposite side of the support 1 relative to that where most of the the propeller 2.
  • the propeller 2 can be held there by pinching or by means of a rod 8 threaded between the support 1 and the inner faces of the parts of the turns of the propeller 2 passing through the slots 6.
  • a rod 8 threaded between the support 1 and the inner faces of the parts of the turns of the propeller 2 passing through the slots 6.
  • Another possibility of causing the deformation of the turns necessary for the firm maintenance of the propeller 2 on the support 1 is to thread into the propeller 2 placed in slots 9 on the support 1 a rectangular flat insulating piece 10 of greater width the diameter of the propeller 2.
  • the elastic deformation of the turns is chosen low enough so that at service temperature it does not turn into irreversible plastic deformation and strong enough so that at service temperature it has not disappeared because dilation of the propeller thread.

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  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

In an electric heating apparatus comprising a flat insulating base (1), placed vertically, and an electrical heating element consisting of loops of electrically resistive wire (2) hitched to the said flat base (1), the heating element is composed of at least one helically wound wire (2) of which the end loops and several intermediate loops are joined to the base (1). <IMAGE>

Description

Il existe déjà des appareils de chauffage électriques comprenant un support isolant plat posé verticalement et un élément de chauffage électrique composé de boucles en fil résistant accrochés au dit support plat. Le support plat peut notamment être en carton de mica. Un tel élément de chauffage est décrit par exemple dans le brevet allemand l 185 743.There are already electric heaters comprising a flat insulating support placed vertically and an electric heating element composed of loops of resistant wire attached to said flat support. The flat support may in particular be made of mica cardboard. Such a heating element is described for example in German patent 1,185,743.

La présente invention a pour but un appareil de chauffage équipé d'un élément de chauffage particulièrement simple et de fabrication économique. Elle est caractérisée en ce que l'élément de chauffage est composé d'au moins un fil enroulé en hélice dont les boucles d'extrémité er plusieurs boucles intermédiaires sont solidarisées avec le support, par exemple par agrafage. De préférence, l'élément de chauffage est composé d'au moins deux fils enroulés en hélice fixés de part et d'autre du support. Dans ce dernier cas, il est possible de réunir dos à dos deux cartons de mica, chacun supportant un fil enroulé en hélice. A la limite, chaque spire de l'hélice peut être maintenue par le support ou un élément solidarisé avec ce dernier.The object of the present invention is a heating appliance equipped with a particularly simple heating element and of economical manufacture. It is characterized in that the heating element is composed of at least one wire wound in a helix whose end loops and several intermediate loops are secured to the support, for example by stapling. Preferably, the heating element is composed of at least two helically wound wires fixed on either side of the support. In the latter case, it is possible to assemble back to back two cartons of mica, each supporting a helically wound wire. Ultimately, each turn of the propeller can be maintained by the support or an element secured to the latter.

L'invention est expliquée ci-dessous en se référant à un exemple et quelques variantes représentées en perspective aux figures 1, 2, 8 et en coupe aux figures 3, 6, 7. Figures 4 et 5 sont des vues de détails.The invention is explained below with reference to an example and some variants shown in perspective in Figures 1, 2, 8 and in section in Figures 3, 6, 7. Figures 4 and 5 are details views.

A la figure 1, un carton plat de mica sert de support latéral à une hélice 2 en fil résistant électrique à spires fortement écartées. t.ne languette 3 en un isolant résistant à la chaleur , en l'occurrence une languette de carton de mica, de faible largeur par rapport au diamètre de l'hélice est introduite dans cette dernière et solidarisée avec le support 1 par des rivets 4 passant entre deux spires voisines. Ainsi, la languette 3 applique l'hélice 2 latéralement contre le support. Cette fixation permet la dilatation du fil, mais empêche sa vibration, si le fil est alimenté en courant alternatif. En lieu et place de rivets, il est possible d'utiliser d'autres moyens de fixation résistant à la chaleur, même des colles.In FIG. 1, a flat cardboard of mica serves as lateral support for a propeller 2 made of electric resistant wire with strongly spaced turns. t.ne tongue 3 in a heat-resistant insulation, in this case a tongue of mica cardboard, of small width compared to the diameter of the propeller is introduced into the latter and secured to the support 1 by rivets 4 passing between two neighboring turns. Thus, the tongue 3 applies the propeller 2 laterally against the support. This fixing allows the wire to expand, but prevents it from vibrating if the wire is supplied with alternating current. Instead of rivets, it is possible to use other heat-resistant fastening means, even glues.

Lorsque le fil est relativement raide, il n'est pas nécessaire de solidariser chaque boucle avec le support 1, il suffit alors de fixer au support les boucles d'extrémité et plusieurs boucles intermédiaires, par exemple suivant le cas chaque 3me ou chaque 5me boucle. Cette fixation peut notamment être réalisée par agrafage des boucles sur le support 1 en carton de mica. De préférence,selon la figure 2, les agrafes 11 sont munies d'une boucle 12 de serrage épousant la forme du fil 2 de l'hélice, afin d'assurer un maintien ferme du fil à l'épreuve des forces de vibration qui le sollicitent lorsqu'il est parcouru par le courant alternatif nominal.When the wire is relatively stiff, it is not necessary to secure each loop with the support 1, it then suffices to fix the end loops and several intermediate loops to the support, for example as the case may be, each 3rd or 5th loop . This fixing can in particular be carried out by stapling the loops on the support 1 of mica cardboard. Preferably, according to FIG. 2, the staples 11 are provided with a tightening loop 12 conforming to the shape of the wire 2 of the propeller, in order to ensure that the wire is firmly held against the vibration forces which stress when it is traversed by nominal alternating current.

Selon une variante représentée à la figure 3, l'hélice 2 est enfilée dans des paires de trous 5. L'écartement entre deux trous d'une paire est sensiblement plus petit que le diamètre de l'hélice. Si l'en- iilage du fil de l'hélice dans les trous lui impose une courbure différente de celle qu'il présente non enfilé, on arrive à pincer fermement chaque spire de manière à assurer à nouveau une fixation solide des spires permettant leur dilatation et empêchant la vibration qui notamment en cas d'alimentation par courant alternatif pourrait constituer une source de bruit. La courbure du fil de l'hélice 2 dans l'exécution suivant la figure 3 est déterminée par l'épaisseur du support 1 et le diamètre des trous 5.According to a variant shown in Figure 3, the propeller 2 is threaded into pairs of holes 5. The spacing between two holes of a pair is substantially smaller than the diameter of the propeller. If the threading of the propeller wire in the holes imposes on it a different curvature than that which it presents not threaded, it is possible to pinch each turn firmly so as to once again ensure a solid fixing of the turns allowing their expansion and preventing vibration which in particular in the case of AC power supply could constitute a source of noise. The curvature of the propeller wire 2 in the execution according to FIG. 3 is determined by the thickness of the support 1 and the diameter of the holes 5.

L'avantage particulier de la solution suivant la figure 1 est qu' elle permet d'obtenir des éléments rigides non seulement par rapport à des forces de flexion dans le plan du support 1 mais aussi par rapport à de telles forces perpendiculaires au plan du support 1. Par contre, La solution des figs.2 et 3permet la fabrication d'éléments qui peuvent être cintrés autour d'un axe, non représenté, de préférence du côté opposé du support 1 par rapport à celui où se trouve la majeure partie de l'hélice 2.The particular advantage of the solution according to FIG. 1 is that it makes it possible to obtain rigid elements not only with respect to bending forces in the plane of the support 1 but also with respect to such forces perpendicular to the plane of the support. 1. On the other hand, the solution of figs.2 and 3 allows the manufacture of elements which can be bent around an axis, not shown, preferably on the opposite side of the support 1 relative to that where most of the the propeller 2.

Pour obtenir un chauffage uniforme le long de l'hélice, on a inté rêt à imposer de manière précise la valeur de l'écartement des spires. Ce résultat est automatiquement assuré dans la solution selon la figure soit en découpant les bords de la languette 3 pour obtenir un bord renelé ou en dents de scie (figures 4 et 5), soit en découpant des fentes 6 ou en gravant des rainures 7 dans le support en carton isolant (figures 6 et 7) dans lesquelles les spires peuvent s'incruster.To obtain uniform heating along the propeller, it is advantageous to impose precisely the value of the spacing of the turns. This result is automatically ensured in the solution according to the figure either by cutting the edges of the tongue 3 to obtain a ribbed or sawtooth edge (Figures 4 and 5), either by cutting slots 6 or by engraving grooves 7 in the insulating cardboard support (Figures 6 and 7) in which the turns can become embedded.

Si, comme représenté à la figure 6, on pratique des fentes 6 dans le support 1, l'hélice 2 peut y être maintenue par pinçage ou grâce à une tige 8 enfilée entre le support 1 et les faces intérieures des parties des spires de l'hélice 2 traversant les fentes 6. Par un choix judicieux des longueurs des fentes 6 et de la grosseur de la tige 8 on engendre une déformation élastique de chaque spire qui assure le maintien ferme de l'hélice 2 sur le support 1.If, as shown in FIG. 6, slots 6 are made in the support 1, the propeller 2 can be held there by pinching or by means of a rod 8 threaded between the support 1 and the inner faces of the parts of the turns of the propeller 2 passing through the slots 6. By a judicious choice of the lengths of the slots 6 and the size of the rod 8 generates an elastic deformation of each turn which ensures the firm maintenance of the propeller 2 on the support 1.

Si l'on désire répartir de manière symétrique une moitié de chaque spire d'un côté du support 1 et l'autre moitié de l'autre côté de ce support, on découpe une rangée de paires de trous ou fentes 9 équidistantes dans le support 1 comme cela est représenté à la figure 8. L' écartement entre les fentes 9 d'une même paire est choisi par exemple environ égal au diamètre de l'hélice. Dans ce cas, on peut engendrer une déformation élastique des spires par le fait qu'au lieu de disposer les fentes 9 supérieures et inférieures comme le veut le pas de l'hélice, c'est-à-dire au lieu de découper les fentes 9 supérieures dans l' alignement des médianes entre les fentes 9 inférieures, on dispose les fentes supérieures et inférieures dans l'alignement les unes des autres.If we want to distribute symmetrically half of each turn on one side of the support 1 and the other half on the other side of this support, we cut a row of pairs of holes or slots 9 equidistant in the support 1 as shown in Figure 8. The spacing between the slots 9 of the same pair is chosen for example approximately equal to the diameter of the propeller. In this case, it is possible to generate an elastic deformation of the turns by the fact that instead of arranging the upper and lower slots 9 as desired by the pitch of the propeller, that is to say instead of cutting the slots 9 upper in the alignment of the medians between the slots 9 lower, the upper and lower slots are arranged in alignment with each other.

Une autre possibilité d'engendrer la déformation des spires nécessaires au ferme maintien de l'hélice 2 sur le support 1 est d'enfiler dans l'hélice 2 placée dans des fentes 9 sur le support 1 une pièce isolante plate rectangulaire 10 de largeur supérieure au diamètre de l'hélice 2.Another possibility of causing the deformation of the turns necessary for the firm maintenance of the propeller 2 on the support 1 is to thread into the propeller 2 placed in slots 9 on the support 1 a rectangular flat insulating piece 10 of greater width the diameter of the propeller 2.

Dans tous les cas, la déformation élastique des spires est choisie suffisamment faible pour qu'à la température de service elle ne se transforme pas en déformation plastique irréversible et suffisamment forte pour qu'à la température de service elle n'aie pas disparu à cause de la dilatation du fil de l'hélice.In all cases, the elastic deformation of the turns is chosen low enough so that at service temperature it does not turn into irreversible plastic deformation and strong enough so that at service temperature it has not disappeared because dilation of the propeller thread.

Claims (10)

1. Appareil de chauffage électrique comprenant un support isolant (1) plat posé verticalement et un élément de chauffage électrique composé de boucles en fil résistant électrique (2) accrochées au dit support (1) plat,
caractérisé en ce que l'élément de chauffage est composé d'au moins un fil (2) enroulé en hélice dont les boucles d'extrémité et plusieurs boucles intermédiaires sont solidarisées avec le support (1).1. Electric heating apparatus comprising a flat insulating support (1) placed vertically and an electric heating element composed of loops of electric resistant wire (2) attached to said flat support (1),
characterized in that the heating element is composed of at least one wire (2) wound in a helix whose end loops and several intermediate loops are secured to the support (1). 2. Appareil suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de chauffage est composé d'au moins deux fils (2) enroulés en hélice fixés de part et d'autre du support (1)2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating element consists of at least two son (2) helically wound fixed on either side of the support (1) 3. Appareil suivant une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque boucle des fils (2) enroulés en hélice est solidarisé avec le support (1)3. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each loop of the wires (2) wound in a helix is secured to the support (1) 4. Appareil suivant une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le maintien des spires de l'hélice (2) sur le support plat et mince est assuré par une languette (3) en matière isolante de largeur plus faible que le diamètre des spires disposées à l'intérieur de l'hélice et solidarisées au moins par endroits avec le support.4. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retention of the turns of the propeller (2) on the flat and thin support is ensured by a tongue (3) of insulating material of width smaller than the diameter of the turns arranged inside the propeller and secured at least in places with the support. 5. Appareil suivant une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le support plat et mince (1) comprend une rangée de fentes (b) ou rainures (7) dans lesquelles les spires de l'hélice (2) peuvent s'incruster et être maintenues grâce à une languette (3) ou tige (8).5. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flat and thin support (1) comprises a row of slots (b) or grooves (7) in which the turns of the propeller (2) can become embedded and be maintained by a tongue (3) or rod (8). 6. Appareil suivant une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la languette (3) présente des bords crénelés ou en dent de scie.6. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the tongue (3) has crenellated or sawtooth edges. 7. Appareil suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le support plat et mince ! comprend une rangée de paires de trous ou fentes dans lesquels l'hélice est enfilée et en ce que le ferme maintien des spires sur le support plat et mince 1 est assuré par un moyen engendrant une déformation élastique du fil de l'hélice enfilé dans la rangée de paires de trous ou fentes.7. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the flat and thin support! comprises a row of pairs of holes or slots in which the propeller is threaded and in that the firm retention of the turns on the flat and thin support 1 is ensured by means generating an elastic deformation of the thread of the propeller threaded in the row of pairs of holes or slots. 8. Appareil suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le moyen engendrant une déformation élastique du fil-de l'hélice est le fait que les trous (5) ou fentes (9) de chaque paire ne sont pas décalés en fonction du pas de l'hélice de sorte que lors de l'enfilage il se produit une déformation élastique de chaque spire.8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the means generating an elastic deformation of the thread of the propeller is the fact that the holes (5) or slots (9) of each pair are not offset according to the pitch of the propeller so that when threading there occurs an elastic deformation of each turn. 9. Appareil suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le moyen engendrant une déformation élastique du fil de l'hélice (2) est la dimension des trous (5) dans le support (1) qui, étant donné l' épaisseur du support plat et mince (1), produit une déformation élastique de chaque spire lors de l'enfilage de l'hélice.9. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the means generating an elastic deformation of the propeller wire (2) is the dimension of the holes (5) in the support (1) which, given the thickness of the support flat and thin (1), produces an elastic deformation of each turn when the propeller is threaded. 10. Appareil suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le moyen engendrant une déformation élastique du fil de l'hélice est une pièce isolante rectangulaire (10) de largeur supérieure au diamètre de l'hélice (2) enfilée dans l'hélice placée sur le support (1).10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the means generating an elastic deformation of the propeller wire is a rectangular insulating piece (10) of width greater than the diameter of the propeller (2) threaded into the propeller placed on the support (1).
EP80200803A 1980-01-10 1980-08-27 Electric heating apparatus Withdrawn EP0033788A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU82075 1980-01-10
LU82075A LU82075A1 (en) 1980-01-10 1980-01-10 ELECTRIC HEATING ELEMENT

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0033788A1 true EP0033788A1 (en) 1981-08-19

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EP80200803A Withdrawn EP0033788A1 (en) 1980-01-10 1980-08-27 Electric heating apparatus

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2532808A1 (en) * 1982-09-08 1984-03-09 Brasier Peter Electrical heating element.
US4789773A (en) * 1985-07-31 1988-12-06 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerate Blanc U. Fischer Electrical radiant heater for heating heating surfaces
GB2335833A (en) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-29 Redring Electric Ltd Support for coiled wire heating element
US6781099B2 (en) * 2001-03-12 2004-08-24 Karl-Heinz Krah Gmbh Electrofusion socket forming system
WO2004086819A2 (en) * 2003-03-21 2004-10-07 Tutco, Inc. Mica board electrical resistance wire heater , subassemblies components, and methods of assembly
CN100408958C (en) * 2003-12-25 2008-08-06 坂口电热株式会社 Electric furnace

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB650512A (en) * 1948-07-24 1951-02-28 Simplex Electric Co Ltd Improvements in electrical heating apparatus

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB650512A (en) * 1948-07-24 1951-02-28 Simplex Electric Co Ltd Improvements in electrical heating apparatus

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2532808A1 (en) * 1982-09-08 1984-03-09 Brasier Peter Electrical heating element.
US4789773A (en) * 1985-07-31 1988-12-06 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerate Blanc U. Fischer Electrical radiant heater for heating heating surfaces
GB2335833A (en) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-29 Redring Electric Ltd Support for coiled wire heating element
US6781099B2 (en) * 2001-03-12 2004-08-24 Karl-Heinz Krah Gmbh Electrofusion socket forming system
US7144045B2 (en) 2001-03-12 2006-12-05 Karl-Heinz Krah Gmbh Electrofusion socket forming system
US7767938B2 (en) 2001-03-12 2010-08-03 Karl-Heinz Krah Gmbh Electrofusion socket forming system
WO2004086819A2 (en) * 2003-03-21 2004-10-07 Tutco, Inc. Mica board electrical resistance wire heater , subassemblies components, and methods of assembly
WO2004086819A3 (en) * 2003-03-21 2004-12-23 Tutco Inc Mica board electrical resistance wire heater , subassemblies components, and methods of assembly
CN100408958C (en) * 2003-12-25 2008-08-06 坂口电热株式会社 Electric furnace

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Publication number Publication date
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