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EP0025420A1 - Vorgefertigte Bauelemente für die Herstellung von Wänden für Landhäuser oder Gebäuden im allgemeinen - Google Patents

Vorgefertigte Bauelemente für die Herstellung von Wänden für Landhäuser oder Gebäuden im allgemeinen Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0025420A1
EP0025420A1 EP80830059A EP80830059A EP0025420A1 EP 0025420 A1 EP0025420 A1 EP 0025420A1 EP 80830059 A EP80830059 A EP 80830059A EP 80830059 A EP80830059 A EP 80830059A EP 0025420 A1 EP0025420 A1 EP 0025420A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panels
walls
panel
wall
female
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80830059A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0025420B1 (de
Inventor
Rocco Cristofaro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT80830059T priority Critical patent/ATE5666T1/de
Publication of EP0025420A1 publication Critical patent/EP0025420A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0025420B1 publication Critical patent/EP0025420B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/40—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of a number of smaller components rigidly or movably connected together, e.g. interlocking, hingedly connected of particular shape, e.g. not rectangular of variable shape or size, e.g. flexible or telescopic panels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to prefabricated modular panels designed to be used in juxtaposed relationship for the construction of walls of cottages or thermoinsulating, soundproofing walls of buildings in general and which comprise first panels, each comprising a box-like tubular body designed to constitute a form to be left in place for the casting therein of a mix, for instance, concrete, or reinforced concrete or other mixes having thermo-insulating or soundproofing characteristics, while their outer surfaces consist of plates which constitute the faces in sight of the panels so that it will be substantially unnecessary to provide to perform other finish operations thereon, second modular reinforced concrete panels to be used in substitution of one or more of the first modular panels for constructing walls of increased resistance and corner panels to connect to each other two or more walls set at substantially right angles.
  • first panels each comprising a box-like tubular body designed to constitute a form to be left in place for the casting therein of a mix, for instance, concrete, or reinforced concrete or other mixes having thermo-insulating or soundproofing characteristics, while their outer surfaces consist of plates which constitute the faces in sight of the panels so that it
  • prefabricated modular panels which overcome said inconveniences and which allow to construct all the walls of a cottage, as well as soundproofing and thermo-insulating walls of buildings in general.
  • Said panels comprise first panels consisting of a box-like body including a pair of opposite edges shaped so as to form female and male joint elements, having a substantially cylindrical mating surfaces, each female joint element also including in the central portion of said cylindrical surface a longitudinal groove designed to house an elastic seal strip or band, and second panels having the same outline as that of the first panels and made of reinforced concrete and to be used in substitution of one or more of the first panels, in order to increase the resistance of a wall.
  • the box-like body of the first modular panels of this invention made of plastic is obtained by a moulding process.
  • Each box-like body is designed to constitute the form to be left in place for the casting of a concrete mix or a mix of other suitable substances into the cavities provided therein.
  • Said panels are designed to be used in juxtaposed relationship for the construction of all the walls and partitions of a cottage or of soundproofing and thermo-insulating curtain walls and partition walls of buildings in general, in which columns, made of reinforced concrete, may be embedded, while the outer faces of said panels can remain also in sight, since they have also a pleasing ap- parence, in particular, when colored plastic materials will be employed. In addition the outer faces of said walls substantially do not generally require any auxiliary finishing operation.
  • the second modular panels have the. same outline as that of the first panels, but they are prefabricated in reinforced concrete according to the conventional technique.
  • the panels of this invention can be also connected to each another in a very close seal contact and under a very small friction effect so that by the use of said panels walls can be also constructed which extend according to a substantially curved line, or more exactly the wall will have a prismatic surface, each face thereof being defined by one panel.
  • the adjacent panels are mounted in mutual sligthly angled relationship, owing to the cylindrical shape of the cylindrical complementary joint surfaces of the joint members forming each joint connection.
  • each panel of the first type includes inner longitudinal and transverse partitions, these latter acting as stiffe- nings members for the outer main plate surfaces of these panels and at the same time define inner spaces inside each panel and which can be used for different intended purposes, as, for instance, for the casting of a reinforced concrete column embedded into the panel or to constitute forms to receive different mixes so as to construct soundproofing or thermo-insulating or antifire walls.
  • inner longitudinal and transverse partitions these latter acting as stiffe- nings members for the outer main plate surfaces of these panels and at the same time define inner spaces inside each panel and which can be used for different intended purposes, as, for instance, for the casting of a reinforced concrete column embedded into the panel or to constitute forms to receive different mixes so as to construct soundproofing or thermo-insulating or antifire walls.
  • the reinforcing rods can extend out of the upper and lower ends of each panel and can be connected or welded to the reinforcing.rods extending out of the adjacent upper or lower beams of the ceiling or floor respectively of an inner room defined by the panel walls.
  • Modified modular panels are also provided to connect walls set at right angles.
  • a modular prefabricated panel of the first type comprising a box-like tubular body which is constructed by a moulding process in any suitable plastic material and which comprises two main parallel plate walls 2 which are connected to one another at their ends by cylindrical surfaces having the shape of female and male complementary edge joint elements 6 and 7.
  • Said cylindrical concave and convex surfaces 6 and 7 are so shaped as to allow to connect a series of panels 1, either in a straight direction (Fig.2) or according to a broken line (Fig. 8) so as to obtain a prismatic or substantially curve wall in the building.
  • the inner space inside the main plate walls 2 and the walls 6 and 7 forming the female and male elements for joining the panels 1 to each other, is separated by longitudinal and transverse partition walls 3 and 4, so as to define tubular cavities inside the panel 1 open at their both ends and designed to receive a mix.
  • the transverse partitions 4 serve also as inner elements to support and stiffen the main peripheral plate walls 2 and, in combination with the longitudinal wall 3, they define at least a cavity designed to form the mould for the casting of a reinforced column 5, by means of reinforced rods 10.
  • the remaining cavities of the panel 1 designed to form curtain walls of the building will receive a mix consisting of a mixture of cement and soundproofing and/or thermo-insulating and or antifire materials.
  • each female joint member 6 a longitudinal groove 8 is provided designed to house a strip or band 9 of an elastically deformable seal material, in particular, soft rubber, or other suitable material, and which partially extends beyond the entrance passage of the groove 8 so as to obtain a seal joint as the female and male joint elements 6 and 7 of two adjacent i panels 1 are assembled in close contact one with another.
  • an elastically deformable seal material in particular, soft rubber, or other suitable material
  • the panel 4 is substantially similar to the panel 1, except that no longitudinal inner wall is provided.
  • This type of panel la is adapted for the construction of thermo-insulating and soundproofing walls of no carrying character.
  • the panel 11, shown in fig. 5, which is prefabricated with conventional means and method, has an outline equal to that of the panels 1 and la, but it consists of a panel made of reinforced concrete, which can substitute a panel 1 or la in order to include at least a carrying element in a wall 17 constituted of juxtaposed panels 1 and la.
  • the reinforcing rods 10 could extend beyond the upper and lower ends of the panel 11 so as to be able to be connected, for instance, by welding, to the reinforcing rods of the carrying skeleton of the building.
  • the panels 1 and la of the embodiment of Figg. 1 and 4 and optionally one or more panels 11 can be used for composing peripheral walls, partition walls and main inside walls of cottages, as well as for composing insulating peripheral walls or partition walls of buildings, in general, and are also adapted to be easily connected to any other conventional structures made of reinforced concrete, constituting the carrying framework of a building.
  • the modular panels 1, la and 11 According to the different intended purposes and to the loads, the modular panels 1, la and 11 have different size and insulating degree. Their length will be equal to the height of the rooms of the cottages or buildings to be constructed.
  • each panel 1, la or 11 and the adjacent ones can be improved by means of metal plates 12 mounted according to a bridge arrangement between the two adiacent end portions of the upper sides of the two panels 1, la or 11 connected to one another by means of the vertical joints elements 6 and 7, after a wall has been erected.
  • On said plates 12 short longitudinal duly spaced apart slots 13 are provided through which bolts 14 are caused to pass, designed to be screwed into screw nuts 15, previously embedded into the concrete or the like poured into the inner cavities of two adjacent panels 1, la or 11, and positioned at predetermined distances on each upper ends of panels 1, la, or 11 (Fig. 2).
  • Figures 6 and 7 show another locking system, provided to lock to each other at their upper ends a plurality of panels 1, la or 11 forming a wall, after the assembly of said panels.
  • lengths of structural sha- pedmetal elements 16 are provided, the cross section of which has an inverted U-shape and which are made of an metal sheet material of elastically deformable type; the free ends of the sides of the U-elements 16 are spaced apart from one another of a distance slightly lesser than the thickness of the wall generally indicated 17 so that said elements 16 can be forced so as to be mounted about the upper edge of the wall 17.
  • the elements 16 are prefa-- bricated in modular lengths so that for the locking of the panels 1, la or 11, forming a wall 17 two or more lenghts of elements 16 have to be used. At the joint section of two adjacent elements 16 this joint section will be protected by an inverted U joint strap 18 which is mounted on and fixed to the elements 16 and to the upper edges of the panel placed therein by means of through bolts 19 or the like.
  • Fig. 2 shows the position of the panels 1, la or 11 for the construction of a straight wall 17, while Fig. 8 shows the disposition of two adjacent panels la, for instance, in order to form a substantially curved wall 17a.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
EP80830059A 1979-08-31 1980-07-25 Vorgefertigte Bauelemente für die Herstellung von Wänden für Landhäuser oder Gebäuden im allgemeinen Expired EP0025420B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80830059T ATE5666T1 (de) 1979-08-31 1980-07-25 Vorgefertigte bauelemente fuer die herstellung von waenden fuer landhaeuser oder gebaeuden im allgemeinen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT3606979 1979-08-31
IT3606979 1979-08-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0025420A1 true EP0025420A1 (de) 1981-03-18
EP0025420B1 EP0025420B1 (de) 1983-12-21

Family

ID=11244583

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80830059A Expired EP0025420B1 (de) 1979-08-31 1980-07-25 Vorgefertigte Bauelemente für die Herstellung von Wänden für Landhäuser oder Gebäuden im allgemeinen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0025420B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE5666T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3065944D1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA805333B (de)

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2145446A (en) * 1983-08-26 1985-03-27 Guinness And Sons Plc Arthur Insulated wall unit
WO1990001595A1 (en) * 1988-08-15 1990-02-22 Nils Nessa Self-supporting interconnectable formwork elements for the casting of especially wall constructions and a method for the use of said formwork elements
US5161848A (en) * 1990-11-19 1992-11-10 Kidron, Inc. Refrigerated vehicle body
US5704676A (en) * 1995-05-22 1998-01-06 Great Dane Limited Partnership Multi-temperature cargo transportation apparatus
US6070376A (en) * 1998-09-03 2000-06-06 Asper; William D. Interfitting wooden and log walls
EP1132190A1 (de) * 2000-03-10 2001-09-12 Kaysersberg Packaging Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hohlwandigen thermoplastischen Panelen mit Clipverbindung, mit integrierter Dichtung
US6435471B1 (en) 1997-10-17 2002-08-20 Francesco Piccone Modular formwork elements and assembly
US6694692B2 (en) 1998-10-16 2004-02-24 Francesco Piccone Modular formwork elements and assembly
EP2719844A1 (de) * 2012-10-15 2014-04-16 Terreal Konfektioniertes Verkleidungspaneel und Montageverfahren und Reparaturverfahren
US9783991B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2017-10-10 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Structure cladding trim components and methods for fabrication and use of same
US9784005B2 (en) 2012-01-05 2017-10-10 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Systems for restoring, repairing, reinforcing, protecting, insulating and/or cladding structures with locatable stand-off components
US9790681B2 (en) 2012-01-05 2017-10-17 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Panel-to-panel connections for stay-in-place liners used to repair structures
US9879436B2 (en) 2009-01-07 2018-01-30 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete
US9982444B2 (en) 2014-04-04 2018-05-29 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Liquid and gas-impermeable connections for panels of stay-in-place form-work systems
US10022825B2 (en) 2010-07-06 2018-07-17 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Method for restoring, repairing, reinforcing, protecting, insulating and/or cladding a variety of structures
US10151119B2 (en) 2012-01-05 2018-12-11 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Tool for making panel-to-panel connections for stay-in-place liners used to repair structures and methods for using same
US10280636B2 (en) 2007-11-09 2019-05-07 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Connector components for form-work systems and methods for use of same
CN109914681A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2019-06-21 哈尔滨军鼎混凝土制品有限公司佳木斯分公司 一种防火耐久保温轻质隔墙板
US10731333B2 (en) 2015-12-31 2020-08-04 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Structure-lining apparatus with adjustable width and tool for same
CN112096428A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2020-12-18 国网浙江省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 一种预制矩形电缆隧道及环缝接头方法
US20210324629A1 (en) * 2019-10-07 2021-10-21 Elisha Halsey Brinton Unified Prefinished Panel
US11180915B2 (en) 2017-04-03 2021-11-23 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Longspan stay-in-place liners
US11391044B2 (en) * 2019-09-18 2022-07-19 Innovatus Design Pty Ltd. Modular partition and fabrication thereof
US11512483B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2022-11-29 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Snap-together standoffs for restoring, repairing, reinforcing, protecting, insulating and/or cladding structures
US12037801B2 (en) 2009-01-07 2024-07-16 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2155985A4 (de) 2007-04-02 2012-06-20 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bereitstellung von auskleidungen an betonstrukturen
CA2712533C (en) 2008-01-21 2016-06-21 Octaform Systems Inc. Stay-in-place form systems for windows and other building openings
CA2888405C (en) 2009-02-18 2017-03-21 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Clip-on connection system for stay-in-place form-work
WO2013075251A1 (en) 2011-11-24 2013-05-30 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Stay-in place formwork with engaging and abutting connections
US9441365B2 (en) 2011-11-24 2016-09-13 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Stay-in-place formwork with anti-deformation panels
EP3921493A4 (de) 2019-02-08 2022-11-09 CFS Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Rückhalter zum wiederherstellen, reparieren, verstärken, schützen, isolieren und/oder verkleiden von strukturen

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1814826U (de) * 1959-07-25 1960-07-14 Hans Maassen Formstein wie block, platte, ziegel od. dgl. zur herstellung von waenden dekcen od. dgl.
FR1581629A (de) * 1968-07-03 1969-09-19
DE1759377A1 (de) * 1967-04-26 1970-05-06 Armand Gravel Baustein
DE1784143A1 (de) * 1967-07-12 1971-07-15 Lavorazione Mat Plast Durch Extrudieren herstellbares Hohlprofilteil aus Kunststoff

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1814826U (de) * 1959-07-25 1960-07-14 Hans Maassen Formstein wie block, platte, ziegel od. dgl. zur herstellung von waenden dekcen od. dgl.
DE1759377A1 (de) * 1967-04-26 1970-05-06 Armand Gravel Baustein
DE1784143A1 (de) * 1967-07-12 1971-07-15 Lavorazione Mat Plast Durch Extrudieren herstellbares Hohlprofilteil aus Kunststoff
FR1581629A (de) * 1968-07-03 1969-09-19

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2145446A (en) * 1983-08-26 1985-03-27 Guinness And Sons Plc Arthur Insulated wall unit
AT404273B (de) * 1988-08-15 1998-10-27 Nessa Nils Verschalung mit einer vielzahl von miteinander verbindbaren leichtgewicht-verschalungselementen
WO1990001595A1 (en) * 1988-08-15 1990-02-22 Nils Nessa Self-supporting interconnectable formwork elements for the casting of especially wall constructions and a method for the use of said formwork elements
GB2239275A (en) * 1988-08-15 1991-06-26 Nils Nessa Self-supporting interconnectable formwork elements for the casting of especially wall constructions and a method for the use of said formwork elements
GB2239275B (en) * 1988-08-15 1992-07-08 Nils Nessa Formwork comprising a plurality of interconnectable formwork elements
US5216863A (en) * 1988-08-15 1993-06-08 Nils Nessa Formwork comprising a plurality of interconnectable formwork elements
US5161848A (en) * 1990-11-19 1992-11-10 Kidron, Inc. Refrigerated vehicle body
US5704676A (en) * 1995-05-22 1998-01-06 Great Dane Limited Partnership Multi-temperature cargo transportation apparatus
US6435471B1 (en) 1997-10-17 2002-08-20 Francesco Piccone Modular formwork elements and assembly
US6070376A (en) * 1998-09-03 2000-06-06 Asper; William D. Interfitting wooden and log walls
US6694692B2 (en) 1998-10-16 2004-02-24 Francesco Piccone Modular formwork elements and assembly
EP1132190A1 (de) * 2000-03-10 2001-09-12 Kaysersberg Packaging Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hohlwandigen thermoplastischen Panelen mit Clipverbindung, mit integrierter Dichtung
FR2806031A1 (fr) * 2000-03-10 2002-11-01 Kaysersberg Packaging Sa Procede de fabrication de panneaux alveolaires clipables en materiau thermoplastique, et presentant un joint d'etancheite integre
US10280636B2 (en) 2007-11-09 2019-05-07 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Connector components for form-work systems and methods for use of same
US9879436B2 (en) 2009-01-07 2018-01-30 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete
US10662661B2 (en) 2009-01-07 2020-05-26 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete
US12037801B2 (en) 2009-01-07 2024-07-16 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete
US11512484B2 (en) 2009-01-07 2022-11-29 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete
US10022825B2 (en) 2010-07-06 2018-07-17 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Method for restoring, repairing, reinforcing, protecting, insulating and/or cladding a variety of structures
US9784005B2 (en) 2012-01-05 2017-10-10 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Systems for restoring, repairing, reinforcing, protecting, insulating and/or cladding structures with locatable stand-off components
US9790681B2 (en) 2012-01-05 2017-10-17 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Panel-to-panel connections for stay-in-place liners used to repair structures
US10151119B2 (en) 2012-01-05 2018-12-11 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Tool for making panel-to-panel connections for stay-in-place liners used to repair structures and methods for using same
FR2996870A1 (fr) * 2012-10-15 2014-04-18 Terreal Panneau de bardage pre-assemble
EP2719844A1 (de) * 2012-10-15 2014-04-16 Terreal Konfektioniertes Verkleidungspaneel und Montageverfahren und Reparaturverfahren
US9783991B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2017-10-10 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Structure cladding trim components and methods for fabrication and use of same
US10450763B2 (en) 2014-04-04 2019-10-22 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Liquid and gas-impermeable connections for panels of stay-in-place form-work systems
US9982444B2 (en) 2014-04-04 2018-05-29 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Liquid and gas-impermeable connections for panels of stay-in-place form-work systems
US10731333B2 (en) 2015-12-31 2020-08-04 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Structure-lining apparatus with adjustable width and tool for same
US11053676B2 (en) 2015-12-31 2021-07-06 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Structure-lining apparatus with adjustable width and tool for same
US11499308B2 (en) 2015-12-31 2022-11-15 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Structure-lining apparatus with adjustable width and tool for same
US11180915B2 (en) 2017-04-03 2021-11-23 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Longspan stay-in-place liners
US11512483B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2022-11-29 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Snap-together standoffs for restoring, repairing, reinforcing, protecting, insulating and/or cladding structures
US11761220B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2023-09-19 Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. Snap-together standoffs for restoring, repairing, reinforcing, protecting, insulating and/or cladding structures
CN109914681A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2019-06-21 哈尔滨军鼎混凝土制品有限公司佳木斯分公司 一种防火耐久保温轻质隔墙板
US11391044B2 (en) * 2019-09-18 2022-07-19 Innovatus Design Pty Ltd. Modular partition and fabrication thereof
US20210324629A1 (en) * 2019-10-07 2021-10-21 Elisha Halsey Brinton Unified Prefinished Panel
CN112096428A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2020-12-18 国网浙江省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 一种预制矩形电缆隧道及环缝接头方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0025420B1 (de) 1983-12-21
ZA805333B (en) 1981-09-30
ATE5666T1 (de) 1984-01-15
DE3065944D1 (en) 1984-01-26

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