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EP0082253B1 - Circuit arrangement for a discharge lamp - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement for a discharge lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0082253B1
EP0082253B1 EP82108720A EP82108720A EP0082253B1 EP 0082253 B1 EP0082253 B1 EP 0082253B1 EP 82108720 A EP82108720 A EP 82108720A EP 82108720 A EP82108720 A EP 82108720A EP 0082253 B1 EP0082253 B1 EP 0082253B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ferrite core
circuit arrangement
discharge lamp
ballast
emergency power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82108720A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0082253A2 (en
EP0082253A3 (en
Inventor
Rainer Eglinski
Wilfried Klaas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CEAG Licht und Stromversorgungstechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
CEAG Licht und Stromversorgungstechnik GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0082253A2 publication Critical patent/EP0082253A2/en
Publication of EP0082253A3 publication Critical patent/EP0082253A3/en
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Publication of EP0082253B1 publication Critical patent/EP0082253B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/16—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for a discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a circuit arrangement is from Sturm, "Ballasts and Circuits for Low-Voltage Discharge Lamps", 5th Edition, 1974, Verlag Girardet, Essen, page 338, Figure 2.1 -267 known as "safety light>”.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a circuit arrangement for a discharge lamp of the type mentioned at the outset which is suitable for use in potentially explosive atmospheres and which limits a possible terminal short-circuit current to an intrinsically safe value during emergency power operation, even if deactivated by abnormal operating conditions such as a short circuit or body short in the ballast or a missing discharge lamp, an increase in the current would be expected.
  • the advantages that can be achieved with the invention consist in particular in that an explosion-protected safety light is created by suppressing impermissible currents.
  • the circuit arrangement is constructed with little effort and is inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the shell ferrite core used does not cause any impairment during the mains operation of the discharge lamp.
  • a discharge lamp 1 is shown, which can be operated both in mains operation and in emergency power operation.
  • the ballast 5 on the other hand, is connected to the pole L of an AC voltage supply network.
  • the second terminal of the discharge lamp 1 is connected directly to the pole N of the AC voltage supply network.
  • the series connection of a resistor 6 with a capacitor 7 is arranged between the poles L, N of the AC voltage supply network. Resistor 6 and capacitor 7 form an RC filter 8.
  • the filter 8 serves to reduce mains interference during emergency power operation of the discharge lamp 1, i.e. higher-frequency electrical interference signals are suppressed (radio interference protection measure).
  • the two terminals of the discharge lamp 1 are also connected to a battery 9 via an inverter 10.
  • the discharge lamp 1 is operated via the poles L, N of the AC voltage supply network, the ballast 5, the compensation capacitor 3 and the shell ferrite core 2. Due to the high-pass characteristic of the RC filter 8, the impedance of the filter 8 has a very high operating frequency 50 Hz high value, ie the current flowing through the filter 8 is very low during mains operation.
  • the impedance of the shell ferrite core 2 is then composed almost exclusively of the ohmic portion of the coil wire of the core, which is very low. In mains operation, the flowing mains current is therefore hardly limited and impaired by the use of the shell ferrite core 2.
  • the emergency power operation of the discharge lamp 1 takes place via the inverter 10 from the battery 9.
  • the voltage applied to the poles L, N is reduced or limited in emergency power mode, but not a possible short-circuit current between the poles.
  • the impedance has a very low value when operating with the high-frequency emergency power. If an abnormal operating state occurs, ie if the discharge lamp 1 is deactivated or missing or if there is a turn or body short in the ballast 5, the short-circuit current through the ferrite core 2 is limited.
  • the shell ferrite core 2 has a current-voltage characteristic impressed by means of a winding, which has no influence on the current during mains operation calls, but represents a large impedance for the short-circuit current in emergency power operation.
  • the current-limiting inductance thus becomes fully effective. Therefore, even if an abnormal operating condition occurs, an ignitable short-circuit current cannot develop. Limiting the short-circuit current avoids ignition sources in the hazardous area.
  • the shell ferrite core 2 can be integrated together with the compensation capacitor 3 in one structural unit.
  • the shell ferrite core 2 can be placed in the cup of the capacitor 3 and this arrangement expediently has the type of protection sand encapsulation q according to VDE 0171, part 1 / 12.70 (see e.g. Sturm «Ballasts ...», page 160). Since the compensation capacitor 3 often already has this type of protection, no additional outlay on components is required.
  • This arrangement shell ferrite core 2 plus compensation capacitor 3 can also be retrofitted in all existing emergency lights in exchange for the existing capacitor in order to obtain an intrinsically safe circuit.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schaltungsanordnung für eine Entladungslampe gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Eine solche Schaltungsanordnung ist aus Sturm, «Vorschaltgeräte und Schaltungen für Niederspannungs-Entladungslampen», 5. Auflage, 1974, Verlag Girardet, Essen, Seite 338, Bild 2.1-267 unter dem Begriff «Sicherheitsleuchte>· bekannt.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for a discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a circuit arrangement is from Sturm, "Ballasts and Circuits for Low-Voltage Discharge Lamps", 5th Edition, 1974, Verlag Girardet, Essen, page 338, Figure 2.1 -267 known as "safety light>".

Im Zusammenhang mit explosions- und schlagwettergeschützten Leuchten ist es aus der genannten Veröffentlichung, Seite 164, Position 5 weiterhin bekannt, ein induktives Vorschaltgerät in Reihe mit einem Kompensationskondensator zu schalten.In connection with explosion-proof and fireproof-protected luminaires, it is also known from the publication mentioned, page 164, position 5, to connect an inductive ballast in series with a compensation capacitor.

Aus Seite 554, Mitte der genannten Veröffentlichung ist es bekannt, dass die von Entladungslampen erzeugten hochfrequenten Störspannungen über die Anschlussleitungen fortgeleitet und von ihnen verbreitet werden. Zur Unterdrückung höherfrequenter Störsignale ist es allgemein bekannt, entsprechende Filter (Hochpass, Tiefpass, Bandpass) einzusetzen. Beispielsweise kann ein RC-Filter zur Reduzierung von Netzrückwirkungen beim Betrieb von Entladungslampen mit Hilfe eines batteriegespeisten Wechselrichters zwischen die Wechselspannungs-Anschlussklemmen der Sicherheitsleuchte geschaltet werden. Im Notstrombetrieb wird bei Kurzschliessen der Klemmen ein Strom über das Vorschaltgerät und den Kompensationskondensator hervorgerufen, der ein zündfähiges Gasgemisch zur Explosion bringen kann.From page 554, middle of the publication mentioned, it is known that the high-frequency interference voltages generated by discharge lamps are passed on via the connecting lines and are disseminated by them. In order to suppress higher-frequency interference signals, it is generally known to use corresponding filters (high pass, low pass, band pass). For example, an RC filter can be connected between the AC connection terminals of the safety lamp to reduce mains interference when operating discharge lamps with the aid of a battery-powered inverter. In emergency power mode, when the terminals are short-circuited, a current is generated via the ballast and the compensation capacitor, which can cause an ignitable gas mixture to explode.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine zum Einsatz in explosionsgefährdeten Räumen geeignete Schaltungsanordnung für eine Entladungslampe der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, die bei Notstrombetrieb einen möglichen Klemmenkurzschlussstrom auf einen eigensicheren Wert begrenzt, auch wenn durch anormale Betriebszustände, wie Windungsschluss oder Körperschluss im Vorschaltgerät, deaktivierte oder fehlende Entladungslampe ein Ansteigen des Stromes zu erwarten wäre.The invention is based on the object of specifying a circuit arrangement for a discharge lamp of the type mentioned at the outset which is suitable for use in potentially explosive atmospheres and which limits a possible terminal short-circuit current to an intrinsically safe value during emergency power operation, even if deactivated by abnormal operating conditions such as a short circuit or body short in the ballast or a missing discharge lamp, an increase in the current would be expected.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Anspruch 1 gekennzeichneten Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features characterized in claim 1.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielbaren Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, dass durch die Unterdrückung unzulässiger Ströme eine explosionsgeschützte Sicherheitsleuchte geschaffen wird. Die Schaltungsanordnung ist dabei wenig aufwendig aufgebaut und preiswert herstellbar. Der eingesetzte Schalenferritkern verursacht während des Netzbetriebes der Entladungslampe keine Beeinträchtigung.The advantages that can be achieved with the invention consist in particular in that an explosion-protected safety light is created by suppressing impermissible currents. The circuit arrangement is constructed with little effort and is inexpensive to manufacture. The shell ferrite core used does not cause any impairment during the mains operation of the discharge lamp.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing.

In der Zeichnung ist eine Entladungslampe 1 gezeigt, die sowohl im Netzbetrieb als auch im Notstrombetrieb betreibbar ist. Die erste Klemme der Entladungslampe 1 ist mit der Reihenschaltung eines Schalenferritkern 2 (Ferrit = nichtmetallischer Magnetwerkstoff), eines Kompensationskondensators 3 und eines Vorschaltgerätes 5 verbunden. Das Vorschaltgerät 5 ist andererseits an den Pol L eines Wechselspannungsversorgungsnetzes angeschlossen. Die zweite Klemme der Entladungslampe 1 ist direkt mit dem Pol N des Wechselspannungsversorgungsnetzes verbunden.In the drawing, a discharge lamp 1 is shown, which can be operated both in mains operation and in emergency power operation. The first terminal of the discharge lamp 1 is connected to the series connection of a shell ferrite core 2 (ferrite = non-metallic magnetic material), a compensation capacitor 3 and a ballast 5. The ballast 5, on the other hand, is connected to the pole L of an AC voltage supply network. The second terminal of the discharge lamp 1 is connected directly to the pole N of the AC voltage supply network.

Zwischen den Polen L, N des Wechselspannungsversorgungsnetzes ist die Reihenschaltung eines Widerstandes 6 mit einem Kondensator 7 angeordnet. Widerstand 6 und Kondensator 7 bilden ein RC-Filter 8. Das Filter 8 dient zur Reduzierung von Netzrückwirkungen bei Notstrombetrieb der Entladungslampe 1, d.h. höherfrequente elektrische Störsignale werden unterdrückt (Funkstörschutzmassnahme).The series connection of a resistor 6 with a capacitor 7 is arranged between the poles L, N of the AC voltage supply network. Resistor 6 and capacitor 7 form an RC filter 8. The filter 8 serves to reduce mains interference during emergency power operation of the discharge lamp 1, i.e. higher-frequency electrical interference signals are suppressed (radio interference protection measure).

Die beiden Klemmen der Entladungslampe 1 sind ferner mit einer Batterie 9 über einen Wechselrichter 10 verbunden. Batterie 9 und Wechselrichter 10 bilden zusammen mit eventuell weiteren Baueinheiten (z.B. Ladegerät für Batterie, Netzüberwachungs- und Umschaltstufe) eine Notstromversorgungseinrichtung 11.The two terminals of the discharge lamp 1 are also connected to a battery 9 via an inverter 10. The battery 9 and the inverter 10, together with any further structural units (e.g. battery charger, network monitoring and switching stage), form an emergency power supply device 11.

Der Netzbetrieb der Entladungslampe 1 erfolgt über die Pole L, N des Wechselspannungsversorgungsnetzes, das Vorschaltgerät 5, den Kompensationskondensator 3 und den Schalenferritkern 2. Bedingt durch die Hochpasscharakteristik des RC-Filters 8 weist die Impedanz des Filters 8 bei Betrieb mit Netzfrequenz 50 Hz einen sehr hohen Wert auf, d.h. der über das Filter 8 fliessende Strom ist bei Netzbetrieb sehr gering.The discharge lamp 1 is operated via the poles L, N of the AC voltage supply network, the ballast 5, the compensation capacitor 3 and the shell ferrite core 2. Due to the high-pass characteristic of the RC filter 8, the impedance of the filter 8 has a very high operating frequency 50 Hz high value, ie the current flowing through the filter 8 is very low during mains operation.

Der Schalenferritkern 2 ist so ausgelegt, dass bei fliessendem Netzstrom (f = 50 Hz) die magnetische Induktion des Kernes so hoch wird, um den magnetischen Fluss zu sättigen. Die Impedanz des Schalenferritkerns 2 setzt sich dann fast ausschliesslich aus dem ohmschen Anteil des Spulendrahtes des Kerns zusammen, der sehr gering ist. Bei Netzbetrieb wird der fliessende Netzstrom durch den Einsatz des Schalenferritkerns 2 deshalb kaum begrenzt und beeinträchtigt.The shell ferrite core 2 is designed in such a way that when the mains current is flowing (f = 50 Hz) the magnetic induction of the core becomes so high that the magnetic flux is saturated. The impedance of the shell ferrite core 2 is then composed almost exclusively of the ohmic portion of the coil wire of the core, which is very low. In mains operation, the flowing mains current is therefore hardly limited and impaired by the use of the shell ferrite core 2.

Der Notstrombetrieb der Entladungslampe 1 erfolgt über den Wechselrichter 10 aus der Batterie 9. Der Wechselrichter 10 bildet aus dem Batterie-Gleichstrom einen hochfrequenten Wechselstrom (z. B. f = 10 kHz).The emergency power operation of the discharge lamp 1 takes place via the inverter 10 from the battery 9. The inverter 10 forms a high-frequency alternating current (eg f = 10 kHz) from the battery direct current.

Durch die Überbrückung der Pole L, N des Wechselspannungsnetzes mittels des RC-Filters 8 wird im Notstrombetrieb zwar die an den Polen L, N anliegende Spannung vermindert bzw. begrenzt, nicht jedoch ein möglicher Kurzschlussstrom zwischen den Polen. Infolge der HochpassCharakteristik des Filters 8 weist die Impedanz bei Betrieb mit dem hochfrequenten Notstrom einen sehr niedrigen Wert auf. Bei Auftreten eines anormalen Betriebszustandes, d.h. bei einer deaktivierten oder fehlenden Entladungslampe 1 oder bei einem Windungs- oder Körperschluss im Vorschaltgerät 5, wird der Kurzschlussstrom durch den Schalenferritkern 2 begrenzt. Der Schalenferritkern 2 besitzt eine mittels einer Wicklung eingeprägte Strom-Spannungs-Charakteristik, die im Netzbetrieb keine Beeinflussung des Stromes hervorruft, im Notstrombetrieb für den Kurzschlussstrom jedoch eine grosse Impedanz darstellt.By bridging the poles L, N of the AC voltage network by means of the RC filter 8, the voltage applied to the poles L, N is reduced or limited in emergency power mode, but not a possible short-circuit current between the poles. As a result of the high-pass characteristic of the filter 8, the impedance has a very low value when operating with the high-frequency emergency power. If an abnormal operating state occurs, ie if the discharge lamp 1 is deactivated or missing or if there is a turn or body short in the ballast 5, the short-circuit current through the ferrite core 2 is limited. The shell ferrite core 2 has a current-voltage characteristic impressed by means of a winding, which has no influence on the current during mains operation calls, but represents a large impedance for the short-circuit current in emergency power operation.

Der Schalenferritkern 2 ist so ausgelegt, dass er bei fliessendem Notstrom (f = 10 kHz) im linearen Teil der Magnetisierungskurve arbeitet. Damit wird die strombegrenzende Induktivität voll wirksam. Auch bei Auftreten eines anormalen Betriebszustandes kann es deshalb nicht zur Ausbildung eines zündfähigen Kurzschlussstromes kommen. Durch die Begrenzung des Kurzschlussstromes werden Zündquellen im explosionsgefährdeten Bereich vermieden.The shell ferrite core 2 is designed such that it works in the linear part of the magnetization curve when the emergency power is flowing (f = 10 kHz). The current-limiting inductance thus becomes fully effective. Therefore, even if an abnormal operating condition occurs, an ignitable short-circuit current cannot develop. Limiting the short-circuit current avoids ignition sources in the hazardous area.

Der Schalenferritkern 2 kann zusammen mit dem Kompensationskondensator 3 in einer Baueinheit integriert werden. Beispielsweise kann der Schalenferritkern 2 in den Becher des Kondensators 3 eingebracht werden und diese Anordnung erhält zweckmässigerweise die Zündschutzart Sandkapselung q nach VDE 0171, Teil 1/12.70 (siehe hierzu z.B. Sturm «Vorschaltgeräte ...», Seite 160). Da der Kompensationskondensator 3 vielfach schon diese Schutzart besitzt, ist somit kein Mehraufwand an Bauteilen erforderlich.The shell ferrite core 2 can be integrated together with the compensation capacitor 3 in one structural unit. For example, the shell ferrite core 2 can be placed in the cup of the capacitor 3 and this arrangement expediently has the type of protection sand encapsulation q according to VDE 0171, part 1 / 12.70 (see e.g. Sturm «Ballasts ...», page 160). Since the compensation capacitor 3 often already has this type of protection, no additional outlay on components is required.

Diese Anordnung Schalenferritkern 2 plus Kompensationskondensator 3 kann auch nachträglich in alle vorhandenen Notleuchten im Austausch gegen den vorhandenen Kondensator eingebaut werden, um einen eigensicheren Kreis zu erhalten.This arrangement shell ferrite core 2 plus compensation capacitor 3 can also be retrofitted in all existing emergency lights in exchange for the existing capacitor in order to obtain an intrinsically safe circuit.

Claims (3)

1. Circuit arrangement for a discharge lamp which, in power-system operation, can be operated via a ballast from an alternating-voltage supply system and, in emergency power operation, can be supplied from a battery via an inverter, characterized in that a coil with a ferrite core (2) is arranged in series with the ballast (5), which coil is designed by means of its winding in such a manner that it operates in its saturation region during operation with low-frequency power-system current and in the linear region of its magnetization curve during operation with higher- frequency emergency power.
2. Circuit arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coil with the ferrite core (2) is constructionally combined with a compensating capacitor (3) to form one unit.
3. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ferrite core (2) is constructed as a pot-type ferrite core.
EP82108720A 1981-12-17 1982-09-21 Circuit arrangement for a discharge lamp Expired EP0082253B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3149993 1981-12-17
DE19813149993 DE3149993A1 (en) 1981-12-17 1981-12-17 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR A DISCHARGE LAMP

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0082253A2 EP0082253A2 (en) 1983-06-29
EP0082253A3 EP0082253A3 (en) 1984-01-11
EP0082253B1 true EP0082253B1 (en) 1986-08-06

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ID=6148978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82108720A Expired EP0082253B1 (en) 1981-12-17 1982-09-21 Circuit arrangement for a discharge lamp

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EP (1) EP0082253B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3149993A1 (en)
NO (1) NO158910C (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19516052A1 (en) * 1995-05-04 1996-11-14 Eta Plus Electronic Gmbh U Co Method for operating a high-pressure gas discharge lamp and circuit arrangement for carrying out the method
GB9617946D0 (en) * 1996-08-28 1996-10-09 Jsb Electrical Plc Power supply circuit

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1912489B2 (en) * 1969-03-12 1971-04-22 EMERGENCY LIGHTING ADDITIONAL FOR FLUORESCENT LAMPS
US3599037A (en) * 1969-05-01 1971-08-10 Xerox Corp Gaslamp lead ballast circuit having feedback control
DE2114388A1 (en) * 1971-03-25 1972-10-05 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Circuit arrangement for radio interference suppression of an inductive consumer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO158910B (en) 1988-08-01
NO824241L (en) 1983-06-20
DE3149993A1 (en) 1983-06-30
EP0082253A2 (en) 1983-06-29
NO158910C (en) 1988-11-09
EP0082253A3 (en) 1984-01-11
DE3149993C2 (en) 1988-10-13

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