EA007936B1 - Solar power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to solar power engineering, in particular, to solar wind power engineering.Solar power-generating plant comprises a controlled self-lifting superstructure to a fixed portion of air exhaust pipe made from self-folding sleeves fastened relative each other by flanges and fixed to them at different levels closed lifting vessels with light gas ensuring a relative cheap manufacture and service of the controlled self-lifting, a wind turbine and an electric generator made from self-contained concentric sections rotating on autonomous supports, which simplifies the design and substantially increase the efficiency of the wind turbogenerator, automatic portion air intakes based on use of resonant oscillation processes permitting to set the mode of increased air pressure at the inlet to the wind turbine inner cavity and reduced at the periphery of the closed helio-forming space. In order to use heat underground energy winter air intakes forming underground cavities are used in the plant. To reduce heat transfer inertia from helio-absorbing surfaces, representing subsoil, aqueous, vegetable, and technological surfaces there are used vertical convectional air ducts from a transparent material arranged on suspensions. The helio-absorbing surfaces of second and third levels containing dark air permeable heat conductive material are in heat contact with water conduits for additional heating, the water conduits are connected with stock of accumulated heat energy in a heat-accumulating reservoir, and air ducts of the ventilation systems connected to the heat-generating technological equipment. Aerodynamic features of moving air flow are improved by using vortex forming traveling and circular electric field, and also using aerodynamic surfaces at the height of the air exhaust channel thus increasing the plant efficiency.The proposed invention provides construction of more economic and cheaper helio power generating plants of high-capacity at stable output of electric energy.

Description

The invention relates to power plants using renewable energy sources.

A technical solution is known that contains a solar energy collector, which is a chimney, whose surface is painted black, a wind turbine coupled to a generator, installed in the lower part of the chimney, and an additional heat source - an afterburning furnace located above the turbine as a thrust generator [cm. Patent 8I No. 1828516, “Power Plant”, 03Ό 9/00, publ. July 15, 1993].

This technical solution allows utilizing the heat of external heating of the exhaust pipe by sunlight and the heat generated by the associated process equipment to increase plant efficiency, but does not provide the performance of modern CHP plants due to the limited use of the renewable energy components in the environment.

A technical solution is known comprising a solar energy collector communicating with an air channel to a vent tube, a wind turbine installed in the vent tube cavity and articulated with a generator, and a vertical vane rotor mounted on a vent tube, each blade of which is made in the form of an aerostatic shell and placed inside the duct, communicated with the cavity of the exhaust pipe [see. auth. 8I No. 1386737, “Wind-solar unit”, 03Ρ 9/02; Ρ 22B 1/02, publ. 04/07/88].

This technical solution allows to use the aerodynamic component for increasing thrust, the distribution of a single wind flow through separate channels in the form of vertical blades, which creates prerequisites for improving the technical and economic parameters of the installation, but its constructive performance and non-integrated use of possible energy sources under the translucent coating and in the environment does not allow to provide technical and economic indicators acceptable for competitive electric production roenergy.

A technical solution is known that contains a wind wheel, an electric generator, a heat accumulator, which uses the reserve power of a wind turbine to heat water with electric heaters with the possibility of generating steam for driving an additionally installed steam turbine [see Patent δ No. 5384489, “Wind Power Plant with Energy Storage System”, 03Ό 9/02; Ρ 22B 1/28, publ. in 1993.].

This solution allows to stabilize the production of electricity over time due to the use of heat storage, but does not allow to achieve high technical and economic indicators, because due to the non-complex use of other components of solar energy in the environment, heating the heat storage takes a large share of the electricity generated by the generator.

Closest to the present invention is a technical solution that includes a heliopreforming surface, a translucent heat insulating coating, a space between a helium-absorbing surface and a translucent heat insulating coating that communicates with the air outlet pipe through the internal cavity of a wind turbine mounted in the body of the air exhaust pipe and coupled with an electric generator and a heat tube, and a heat tube and a heat tube. auth. δϋ No. 1625999, Solar Engine, 036 6/00; Ρ 241 2/42, published on 07/02/91].

This solution allows the use of the radial and wind components of the solar energy of the surrounding space when generating electricity, stabilizing its production by combining the indicated components of solar energy and using heat accumulators, therefore it is adopted as a prototype, which is significantly upgraded in the proposed solar power plant according to the invention. The reasons that lead to the modernization of this prototype and which determine its insufficient technical and economic efficiency are the following: the traditionality of the applied design solutions in terms of the exhaust pipe, wind turbine and electric generator, for which such a “solar engine” remains expensive, and in the range of higher capacities it is also difficult to implement ; inertia of heat transfer from the heli-absorbing surface to the air directed to the wind turbine; the use of a heliopreforming space formed by a helium-absorbing surface and a translucent heat-insulating coating, as well as the entire channel for the advancement of air from the air intake to the exit from the air vent as a passive air vent, without using the aerodynamic capabilities of this medium; limitations of the energy components used, as well as others.

At the same time, the above references to other well-known technical solutions show fragmentary, without complex, principled, constructive and cost-effective solutions, local ways of overcoming some of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the chosen prototype. In addition, the French application “Solar Collector of Increased Efficiency” (see No. 2698682, Ρ241 2/16, 2/20, 2/48, publ. 03.06.94) gave a technical solution using an air-permeable solar-absorbing material, which reduces the inertia heat transfer to the moving air, however, the clear localization of the number of solar energy components used, even the absence of wind components among them, makes the last technical solution as a whole weaker than the selected prototype.

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Separate local design improvements of the air exhaust pipe are also known by installing a wind turbine on rigid supports with an air exhaust pipe device only at the top of the wind turbine, as well as applying a self-lifting superstructure to the air exhaust pipe cheapening it, and complexly connecting a number of solar energy components in a single aerodynamic process (see for example, Malinin O. "Pipe, ready to take off", ИР №1 / 89; Kushin VV, "Smerch", Moscow: "Energoatomizdat", 1993).

The objective of this technical solution is to create a powerful and competitive with respect to traditional thermal power plants of a solar power plant by integrated use of all the advantages of the selected prototype and the above technical solutions in the new design solutions with the addition of their fundamentally new technical solutions based on the reorganization of the entire air-conducting channel of the solar power plant, namely: automatically rising setting to the air vent baa as folding, entering each other lung sleeves provided with relatively inexpensive lifting means, for example, fixed thereto at different levels with closed reservoirs light gas; the wind turbine and electric generator are made up of autonomous sections dissecting the air energy channel into autonomous parallel energy-converting channels, thus achieving the possibility of realizing high-power solar power plants as such; performing air-permeable solar-absorbing surfaces on the second and third-highest levels of the movement of the air flow to the wind turbine with additional heating them with water from a powerful heat accumulator and hot air ventilation systems of special exothermic equipment; installation of convection accelerating air ducts-cylinders, significantly reducing the inertia of heat transfer to the air of a closed helium-converting space and giving additional aerodynamic characteristics to the air flow; the implementation of special designs of air intakes in a closed helio-transforming space and the construction of aerodynamic devices, which in turn give additional dynamic properties to a moving air flow.

The technical result of the present invention is the creation of such a solar power plant, which allows to obtain cheap, environmentally friendly concentrated energy in solar power plants of high power, increasing the competitiveness of the latter relative to the CHP of similar capacity, working on hydrocarbon energy raw materials.

Private technical results that create conditions for improving the human environment are the elimination of atmospheric pollution due to the burning of energy raw materials for energy production, the utilization on a large scale of heat losses of industrial and technological equipment that damage the noosphere of the planet, reducing the cost of organic food range, as well as other advantages of the proposed technical solutions, which will be clear from the following description.

This technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that with respect to the known device (see auth. St. No. 1625999 "Solar engine", Р03С 6/00; Р241 2/42, publ. 07.02.91), also taking into account the positive features of the above the above known technical solutions and their design, containing a closed heliopreforming space formed by helio-absorbing surfaces and a translucent heat insulating coating with translucent heat insulating walls closing the helium transform space around the perimeter, with air intake openings made in them, a wind turbine and an electric generator articulated with it, the internal cavity of which is connected to the fixed section of the air exhaust pipe fixed to the wind turbine base base and through the last to the controlled superstructure and below to the external lifting turbine its perimeter - to the throat of the translucent coating, under which inside the helio-transforming space are placed the ground surfaces, reservoirs, areas formed and From dark air-permeable heat-conducting materials as varieties of helio-absorbing and heat-accumulating surfaces, and various types of production and processing equipment that generates heat losses in a closed helium-converting space, there are differences in the fact that the controlled lifting superstructure to the air exhaust pipe is made by concentric sleeves that join each other mostly cylindrical, with the outer diameter of each inner sleeve has a smaller size relative to the diameter of the inner surface of each external adjacent sleeve, and both bases of each of these bushings are connected to bearing flanges containing internal openings for air passage, the lower bearing flanges of each of the sleeves are made with internal diameters that have smaller dimensions relative to their diameters the inner surfaces, and the upper bearing flanges with outer diameters, the dimensions of which exceed the diameters of their outer surfaces, while in the raised vertical position of a controlled rising superstructure lower bearing flanges of each of the outer sleeves are fixed in bores formed on the lower surfaces of the upper bearing flange of each adjacent inner sleeve, wherein a portion of the upper flange bearing sleeves mounted beneath

- 2 007936 capacious means, for example, closed tanks, the internal cavities of which contain light gas and gas-generating liquid, are energetically connected with electrothermocouples connected via control devices to electrical energy sources outside the closed tanks, and from below they are connected to controlled tension devices by means of fixed ropes to them, whereby the tension devices are fixed relative to the foundation base mainly by means of supports, carrying the frames of a transparent thermal insulating coating, while in the lower folded position the said bushings are fixed relative to the foundation of the wind turbine and arranged concentrically relative to the body of the fixed section of the air exhaust pipe and / or auxiliary devices attached to it, connecting the natural wind flow with the air flow coming out of the air exhaust pipe, at the same time, the internal cavity of the wind turbine contains concentric energy-differentiating sleeves, dissecting the total wind flow through the wind turbine to autonomous parallel energy-converting air channels and fixed relative to the base base by means of autonomous rotational supports, and between the surfaces of concentric energy-differentiating bushings that form autonomous energy-converting air channels, the blades of the wind turbine are fixed, which are fixed relative to the latter by holding the air ducts, which are fixed relative to the latter by holding the ropes, placed on the surface, placed on the surface, placed on the surface, placed on the surface, placed on the surface, put on the surface, they are placed on the surface with the surface, they are placed on the surface, they are on the surface, they are on the surface, they are on the surface, they are placed on the surface of the wind. cavities and fixed by means of rope to the hull named concentric energy-differentiating bushings located on the external surfaces of the latter, and autonomous concentric power generating sections are placed coaxially with them as constituent elements of electric generators, whose magnetic poles containing, for example, permanent magnets, are located in areas of concentric energy-differentiating bushes free of wind turbine blades and magnetically with them through the air gaps electrical windings and magnetic circuits, in which the latter are located rigidly fixed to the base base, made in the form of concentric ring platforms mounted on supporting supports, ring openings between which form together the entrance cavity of the wind turbine, while under helium-converting surfaces fixed on the base base directly below the throat of the transparent thermal insulation coating and containing an air-permeable heat-conducting material dark color, located in thermal contact with the latest air vent connected through a vent Channels with heat-generating production and technological equipment, and water pipes, to which the water main is connected, the water supply and water discharge ends of which are connected to the heat storage reservoir, while in a closed helium-reforming space there are placed convection acceleration ducts, designed, for example, in the form of vertical and inclined air ducts, made of, for example, in the form of vertical and inclined air ducts, made of, for example, in the form of vertical and inclined air ducts, made of, for example, in the form of vertical and inclined air ducts, made of, for example, in the form of vertical and inclined air ducts, made of, for example, in the form of vertical and inclined air ducts, made of, for example, in the form of vertical and inclined air ducts, made of, for example, in the form of vertical and inclined air ducts, placed in the form of vertical and inclined air ducts; fixed by upper bases by means of suspensions relative to supporting frames are transparent heat-insulating coating, and the lower bases to air intake rings fixed relative to the helio-absorbing surface, while air intake openings contained in translucent heat-insulating walls closing the perimeter of the closed helix-converting space are automatically adjustable by means of rotating shapes, for example rectangular, in which a light-curved one is attached. and which are hermetically docked to the corresponding openings in the supporting frames windproof insulating walls, and the said rotary forms are fixed by one side to the supporting frame by means of rotational supports, while their other sides contain moving parts of clamping devices made, for example, by means of magnetosensitive materials, the fixed counterparts of which are fixed on the supporting frame of the translucent heat insulating wall .

Thus, a solar power installation allows, due to easily composable, controlled, automatically rising superstructure to the air discharge pipe, with the ability to make its surfaces from light metal-substituting materials, including flexible and translucent, more efficiently use in energy conversion the temperature difference and atmospheric pressure between the closed helium-converting space and the surrounding medium above the upper opening of the air outlet channel, making the superstructure cheap and easily mounted constructive elements of the height that is necessary for the production of a given amount of electricity; by organizing autonomous concentric energy-converting channels in the air flow with the formation of autonomous concentric sections of a wind turbine and an electric generator on autonomous rotational supports, create air ducts and entrance cavities of the wind turbine, as well as wind turbines of any diameters themselves, for example 50 mi, providing the notorious feasibility of such large-scale rotating high-speed structures, How is the possibility of building unlimited solar power plants and ix their specific capital intensity; due to the use of air-permeable solar absorption surfaces, located one above the other under the dome of the transparent thermal insulation coating, in front of its neck, and heated by circulating water from powerful water heat accumulators and hot air supplied from the ventilation systems of the heat-generating production and technological equipment, get significantly enhanced the effect of inducing a thrust from a closed helio-transforming space through a wind turbine into an air vent than a reduction in the design dimensions of the latter is achieved at a given power of a solar power plant and a decrease in its specific capital intensity; due to the installation in a closed helio-transforming space of convection accelerating ducts, to reduce the inertia of heat transfer from the groundwater and water-absorbing surfaces and to give additional aerodynamic characteristics to the air flow, thus increasing the power of the solar power plant; by creating automatically controlled forms in the air intake openings with translucent heat insulating material fixed in them, it is guaranteed to periodically close and open the air intakes from the environment into the closed helioobrazuyu space, which results in a reduction in heat losses, periodic increases in air pressure in a closed space and the associated increase Efficiency solar power plant. The created design of a solar power plant in the complex ensures the achievement of the specified technical result, namely, obtaining the cheapest and most environmentally friendly concentrated energy in high-power installations.

In addition, the difference from the known device mentioned is that the closed helium-converting space is provided with additional winter air intakes made by air intake trenches located on both sides of the transparent thermal insulation walls and interconnected by underground air channels, while beneath the helium-absorbing surface of the closed helium-converting space are underground cavities in the form of basements, in the bottoms of which there are heat-exchange pits, closed air-permeable grilles, and these underground cavities are connected to the underground air ducts of winter air intakes and are located below them in a vertical level.

The indicated development of the design of the proposed solar power plant allows the use of large reserves of renewable heat underground, especially in areas where there are significant frosts in the winter, which allows increasing the power of the solar power plant and obtaining a private beneficial effect in that plants cultivated in a closed solar conversion plant space, for example, greenhouses and gardens will not be exposed to direct frosty air when entering it into a closed helio-transformer a nd. In areas where there are mine workings and other free underground cavities, the latter can be effectively used for specified purposes, including with the organization of through-flow of air through them.

Construction of all kinds of underground basements, bomb shelters, storage facilities for civil defense, underground garages, industrial warehouses and auxiliary production and technological facilities, as well as tunnel routes for heat and power supply is common for the construction of industrial and energy facilities. In the case of an agro-industrial solar complex, an additional and large-scale task is the construction of vegetable stores and freezers for storing products of the agro-industrial production combined with a technological energy conversion process. Thermally insulated freezing chambers in basements and placed heat-generating freezing equipment in a closed heliopreforming space are technologically very efficiently combined with a solar power plant. The storage of berries, early vegetables and fruits in the spring-summer-autumn period is also. In the winter period, only frost-resistant vegetables can be stored in such technological basements, as well as all sorts of pickled vegetables, stocks of canned products. For the cultivation of mushrooms such technological basements are easily adapted, as well as for the organization of rabbit breeding.

The question is that the economic need for these basements was most effectively structurally and technologically combined with energy production in the winter period. An analogue of the use of thermal energy of the earth in the solar energy process is the use of thermal energy from non-freezing reservoirs, seas in the northern regions, when heated water of 4 ° C in winter can be provided for heating strongly cooled outdoor air that is directed to air intakes. Such a process contains a particularly powerful energy potential, and in addition has a particular technical result: during long-term flow of sea water through pipes, depending on the choice of pipe material, extraction of valuable substances dissolved in sea water can be organized in certain areas. The use of basements and non-freezing water of natural reservoirs in this aspect is an important stage in the formation of a single air preparation complex.

In addition, the difference is that automatic portion air intakes are installed in the closed heliopreforming space, made through air intake intermediate chambers in which the outer sides are formed by transparent heat insulating walls with openings during warm weather periods, the structural elements of winter air intakes, lateral the faces and the ceiling are made of a translucent material, and the inner sides form the entrance bases of the containers AC line length, the surfaces of which are made of corrugated elastic material, whereas their outlets are arranged on the movable base with electric trolleys, associated with their motion mechanisms

- 4 007936, with both bases of corrugated elastic tanks made in the form of controlled dampers with automatic actuators associated with the sensors of the positions of the moving carts and pressure sensors in the air of a closed helium-transforming space through control devices and a computer center, while the mobile carts are connected to the foundation the base of the latter by means of elastic elements that create a mechanical oscillatory system.

Such an air intake device in a solar power installation allows you to create the most economically advantageous pressure regimes in the air environment of a closed solar conversion space, depending on weather conditions and the associated thrust modes in the air exhaust pipe. With closed air intakes, the thrust in the air exhaust pipe creates a mode of reduced pressure in the air environment of a closed helium-converting space, which can even become dangerous for the whole structure of a transparent thermal insulation coating. Such danger is eliminated by adjusting the clamping devices of the said rotary forms, made in transparent heat insulating walls. The magnitude of the reduced pressure can be set in the range of 0.010.03 atm, since a pressure drop of 0.01 atm creates a force per square meter. meter 100 kg.

Using the steady-state value of the reduced pressure inside the helio-transforming space relative to the air pressure outside the transparent thermal insulation coating, the mobile carriages on which the outlet bases of the corrugated elastic containers are fixed are driven by their electric drives to vibrating process in a resonant mode energetically supported by the specified pressure drop. When the mobile carriages move towards the center of the closed helio-transforming space, the entrance bases of the corrugated elastic tanks stretched at this moment are open, and the air intake into the internal cavities of the latter (outside atmospheric pressure) is performed outside. At the same time, the pressure of the air medium in a closed helium-transforming space increases due to the increase in the volumes of stretchable containers. When the mobile carriage moves in the opposite direction, the inlet bases of the containers are closed and the outlets are opened, due to which, when the corrugated surfaces of the containers are compressed, the volume of air previously accumulated in them enters the closed helium-converting space, delaying the process of pressure drop in it due to the thrust in the air exhaust pipe . Selecting the modes of oscillating motion of mobile carriages and opening - closing the entrance and exhaust bases of corrugated elastic tanks, the computer center of the solar power installation, tracking the parameters of the energy conversion process and short-term forecasting external weather conditions, sets the optimal pressure regime of the air environment and the air flow through the wind turbine, increasing the economic efficiency solar power works.

In addition, the difference that significantly improves the energy conversion modes in a wind turbine is that an auxiliary closed air cavity is formed in the center of the closed helium-converting space by placing an airtight material around the downward-extended axis of the wind turbine, for example, in the shape of a truncated cone, the upper base of which is adjacent to the inner perimeter of the helio-absorbing surfaces located at the top in front of the neck of the translucent heat insulating the cover, and the lower base is fixed relative to the earth's surface, and between the specified conical surface of air-tight material and automatic portion air intakes there are placed auxiliary air ducts converging from the periphery to the center of the closed helium-converting space, for example, with elevated edges made of a transparent material, and as the bottom , the surface faces used heli-absorbing surface, while the open end is called Ancillary air ducts on both sides are corrugated and connected to linear actuators connected through control devices and a computer center to electrical outputs of the distance sensors between the corrugated ends of the auxiliary air ducts and the surfaces of the outlet bases of the corrugated elastic tanks in the periphery and the auxiliary closed air cavity in the central part closed helio-transforming space, as well as sensors d air in the latter, with air-conducting openings located opposite the open corrugated ends of each of the auxiliary air ducts in the conical surface of the air-tight material, and these apertures are equipped with automatic opening flaps that create a channel to move the air flow from the auxiliary air ducts to the auxiliary closed air cavity In this case, the aerodynamic surface, mainly onicheskoy forms associated with thermodynamic saturation by means of additional energy and resultant air flow swirls around the vertical axis.

This technical solution in the proposed solar power installation allows you to create in a closed helium-transforming space controlled by a computer center zone of high and low pressure with variable oscillatory values of their values during

- 5 007936 meni. For example, in the auxiliary closed air cavity, located under the entrance cavity of the wind turbine, an increased average pressure is created due to simultaneous inflow from the periphery, from automatic portion air intakes, portions of air flows passing through the auxiliary air ducts. When organizing the movement of these portions of air flow, the fact is used that the speed of movement of an air wave, as the speed of sound propagation in air, is comparable or even less in absolute value of the distance from the periphery to the center of the helio-transforming space. When a moving air wave, caused by the simultaneous movement of all corrugated elastic tanks to the center of the space, reaches the open ends of the auxiliary air ducts at the conical surface of an airtight material, it opens the automatic dampers in it (or they are opened by an automatic system) and penetrates into the center of the auxiliary closed air cavity, resulting in air pressure in the latter increases. The reflected wave from the collision of air flow in the center does not have time to return outside the auxiliary closed air cavity for a number of reasons:

there is not enough time for this due to the ratio of the speed of the air wave and the distance from the axis of the turbine to the conical surface of an airtight material, since the shock wave of increased pressure has access to the internal cavity of the wind turbine;

in addition, in the center of the auxiliary closed air cavity there is a cone, even rotating, reflecting upward wind currents, into the internal cavity of the wind turbine and giving them a synchronous rotational movement;

In addition, automatically opening dampers in a conical surface made of an airtight material are closed in time in anticipation of a new air wave from the auxiliary air ducts.

The oscillatory process of automatic portioned air intakes has an infra-low resonant frequency and is rebuilt from the range of infra-low frequencies harmful to the human mental state. At the same time, the computer center of the solar power plant monitors the pressure gradients in the air of a closed solar transducer space and adjusts them in accordance with external weather conditions, setting the positions of the corrugated ends of the auxiliary air ducts, at which one or another volume of air flows beyond the auxiliary air ducts at the periphery or outside the auxiliary air ducts. a closed air cavity in the central part of a closed helio-transforming space. For example, one of the limiting cases will be the mode of direct abutment of the open ends of auxiliary air ducts to the conical surface of an airtight material, or rather, to automatically openable - closed openings in it.

Waves of increased pressure at the entrance cavity of the wind turbine increase its efficiency and are created due to the corresponding controlled decrease of pressure in the air at the periphery of the closed helium-transforming space. At the same time, the generated oscillatory processes in the air environment can have an organized synchronous interaction in the air exhaust pipe and beyond its limits at the top, increasing the additional thrust in it.

In addition, there is a peculiarity in the fact that the mentioned automatically opening dampers in the above-mentioned air-conducting openings are made in the form of swinging curtains of elastic material, to the lower ends of which are attached loads, for example, from a magnetized material, and air-conducting openings are provided with their width at various levels from the surface of the earth by retaining lugs, to which the curtain material fits snugly in the closed position of air-conducting openings.

In addition, the peculiarity is that the lower helio-absorbing faces of the auxiliary air ducts are formed by the surfaces of water channels.

This solution has a direct energy purpose, associated with saturation with moisture and increasing the temperature of the air flow over the water surface with the use of showers and heat extraction by water utilities from large areas of helio-absorbing surfaces, and also has particular technical results. First of all, the cultivated vegetation in a closed helium-free space and the service personnel are isolated, thanks to him, from the highly dynamic air flow converging to the center, and the products cultivated in water channels are not subject to the similar influence of air flows. The transformation in the proposed solar power installation of a closed solar-transforming space into a highly dynamic auto-regulated system with zones of controlled variable pressure in air also determines a number of additional differences with respect to the known named device.

For example, there is a difference in that the swiveling forms of air intake openings made in translucent heat insulating walls are connected to electric drives electrically connected through control devices to the computer center.

In addition, the difference is that the fixed parts of the clamping devices of the rotary forms of the air intake openings are made by means of electromagnetic coils electrically connected

- 6 007936 through control devices to the computer center.

In addition, the difference is that in a translucent heat insulating coating is made by means of rotary forms containing translucent heat insulating material, safety self-opening outward openings with adjustable clamping devices.

These technical solutions used in the proposed device, allow a certain part of the air intake openings, closed rotary forms, under certain weather conditions to keep in the open state, which is achieved by means of electric drives associated with them. In addition, the change in energy conversion modes will determine the amount of reduced pressure in the air at the periphery of the closed helium-converting space, which should be limited to a protective system. In this regard, by regulating the current in the electrical coils of the clamping devices, a protective cutoff of pressure reduction in a closed space is carried out.

In the zone close to the entrance cavity of the wind turbine, especially at the throat of the transparent thermal insulation coating, there can be periods of dangerous pressure increase in a confined space, namely above 0.03-0.05 atm, for which safety vent openings are performed by similar turning forms with adjustment clamping devices to the maximum allowable level of increase in internal air pressure.

In addition, there is a difference in that on the upper bearing flanges of said bushings of a controlled rising superstructure to the air exhaust pipe aerodynamic surfaces are placed, forming which are made in the form of a curved line tangent to the plane of the flange surface and relative to the vertical inner surface of the outer sleeve. which aerodynamic surface is placed by means of an auxiliary cylindrical ring fixed on the flange.

In addition, the difference is that the aerodynamic surface contains open outside the guide air channels, having the form of ascending spirals, oriented in the direction of rotation of the rising air flow.

The difference is that the aerodynamic surface is made of elastic material and together with the auxiliary cylindrical ring and the flange surface forms a closed elastic cavity filled with an elastic vibrational medium, for example, air.

These technical solutions in the proposed solar power installation make it possible to additionally form aerodynamic processes for the movement of the air flow in the air discharge pipe and a controlled self-lifting superstructure to it, thereby increasing its speed of movement, primarily rotational, and the force of thrust in it. An additional factor in the enhancement of the latter is the excitation of low-frequency resonant oscillations in a closed elastic cavity formed by an aerodynamic surface. The effect of such fluctuations on the draft in the pipe is similar to inflating the hearth in everyday life by using a corrugated device, the compression of which gives impulses to the air flow into the inflaming hearth. The boosters of such resonant oscillations in the proposed device will be automatic portion air intakes, the corrugated elastic tanks of which are brought into resonant oscillations, providing portion injections of air from the external environment into a closed helium-transforming space. The driver of such resonant oscillations in a closed elastic cavity formed by an aerodynamic surface may be separately installed special devices.

In addition to the proposed technical solutions, it is possible to accelerate the rotation of air in the pipe, giving it a vortex-like motion.

In this sense, the difference from the known device mentioned is that along the axis of the fixed portion of the exhaust pipe there is a vertical hollow column made of an electrically insulating material, on which two parallel electrically conductive helical surfaces are mounted, twisting around the column in the direction of rotation of the air flow coming out of the wind turbine , and electrically connected to different poles of the source of electrical voltage, each screw surface being Nena autonomous portions electrically insulated from each other and connected by isolated electrical connections to the control apparatus that other electrical channels through the center computer connected to the sensors the velocity of airflow in Air Release tube and to the sensors of electrical current in the source voltage.

In addition, there is a difference in the fact that at the bottom of the air exhaust pipe, before starting the helical surfaces, an injector of water microparticles is installed, the executive mechanism of which is electrically connected to the control device and through the latter to the computer center.

The difference is that the screw surfaces are made using metal grids.

The difference is that the screw surfaces are electrically isolated from the air flow.

These technical solutions make it possible to create a high-voltage electric field that rotates in accordance with the turns of the helical surfaces, which polarizes or ionizes

- 7 007936 rides particles of impurities in the air stream and enthralls them through a running rotating field in an accelerating rotational and translational motion upwards. Together with these particles, the volume of the air flow, which is increasingly expanding towards the end of the screw surfaces, is involved in this predominantly rotational movement. To enhance this process, before approaching the air flow to the screw surfaces, portions of micron particles of water, partly turning into a vapor state, are periodically injected into it, and these portions of particles are entrained upwards and into rotation. If the speed of the rise of water microparticles in the air flow exceeds the speed of the upward rotational movement of the electric field, then an increasing value of the current appears on the autonomous parts of the helical surfaces, which is detected by the current sensor in the source of electrical voltage. A similar phenomenon will occur when there is a lag in the movement of a portion of water microparticles from a rotating upward and rotating electric field. Normal will be the steady-state race mode for a portion of water microparticles behind an escaping electric wave. The process is cyclical. By controlling the speed of the air flow in the air exhaust pipe and the amount of current on various autonomous areas of the surfaces of these helical surfaces, it is possible to set the speed characteristics of the traveling field at different levels of the helical surfaces - along the height of the column. For a short period of time, a regime close to the vortex air flow is established in the air exhaust pipe, and the frequency of injection of water microparticles changes to the extent that it only maintains the formed vortex flow. Insulation of the metal surfaces of these screw surfaces does not change the essence of the process, but reduces the likelihood of sticking of individual particles of impurities in the air flow to the metal surfaces. The implementation of the latter in the form of grids also helps to reduce the buildup of impurities on the screw surface.

The vortex movement of the air flow and the introduction of vapors and particles of water into it contribute to an increase in thrust in the air exhaust pipe.

The complex of the proposed technical solutions, structurally designed into the transformation of the entire air-conducting and energy-converting channel of a solar power plant, with the aim of giving it maximum technical and economic advantages over standard thermal power plants, ends with the latest, specific feature.

This feature consists in the fact that the closed helium-converting space contains ventilation air ducts and travel intake gateways made of a transparent material.

The last technical solution is mainly due to the production and technical activity organized in a single economic complex of a solar power plant, which contributes to a direct reduction in the cost of electrical and thermal energy produced and, in addition, provides for the creation of other products necessary for the life of society and forming another source economic efficiency, significantly reducing the payback period of a solar power plant. That is why, under the transparent thermal insulation coating, there are installed production-process equipment complexes that generate heat losses, which are at the same time a special form of helium-absorbing surfaces, which are insulated with additional transparent coatings and are therefore supplied with developed ventilation systems. In order for the latter not to interfere with the sun rays in certain cases, part of the ventilation ducts is technically correct to be transparent.

Similarly, the developed transport flows inside the closed heliopreforming space and back require, in the conditions of the created system of air intake, the locking of transport units when crossing the transparent heat insulating walls. Their execution will be cheaper with the use of a single constructive-technological base for the construction of solar power plants, including translucent ones.

FIG. Figure 1 shows the layout of the elements of a controlled, automatically rising, self-lifting superstructure in the lowest position.

FIG. 2 - the layout of the elements of the controlled self-lifting superstructure in the extreme upper (raised) position.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a sectional implementation of a wind turbine and an electric generator.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the air passage channel in the proposed solar power installation.

FIG. 5 - a fragment of a heliopreforming space with a schematic representation of the elements of the air-conducting channel at the periphery.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of one of the variants of induction of the vortex thrust in the air exhaust pipe.

The proposed solar power installation includes a controlled self-lifting superstructure (Fig. 1, 2) of a special design. The need for such a design is determined from the conditions of the required reliability in operation; it must be adapted to regular maintenance inspections and repairs.

- 8 007936

The neck 1 of the translucent heat insulating coating provides a supply of high-speed air flow 2 to the wind turbine 3, the blades of which rotate in the housing 4, which is simultaneously an element of the carrier base of the solar power plant, under the influence of kinetic energy and air pressure 2. In the carrier disk 5, fixed relative to the foundation, ring openings 6 are made, through which the air flow 2 transformed in a wind turbine and the concentrated flow of the near-surface natural wind pass (not marked with a separate number in the figures). The stationary hull section 7 of the air exhaust pipe 8, made of lightweight concrete replacement material of small thickness, is only the initial part of the air duct located above the wind turbine 3. The stationary section 7 of the air exhaust pipe 8 is fixed above the wind turbine 3 by means of the carrier disk 5 and the wind turbine body 4 to the foundation base solar power plant. The wind turbine 3 itself in this design is located high above the ground and ultimately stands on the foundation columns, which in FIG. 1, 2 are not shown.

The cavity 9 enclosed between the surface of the housing of the stationary section 7 of the air exhaust pipe 8 and the outer wind deflector ring 10 contains auxiliary devices, which are attached to the air exhaust pipe, which carry out aerodynamic transformations of the concentrated surface natural wind flow, which is shown in FIG. 1, 2 not shown. Outer wind ring 10 is fixed rigidly on the bearing disk 5 and on its upper end of the fixed flange 11, containing a groove 12, made on the bottom surface of the latter. Concentric with respect to the outer wind deflector ring 10 (in fact, the fixed sleeve) there are cylindrical inner and outer sleeves 13, 14, which are movable elements of a controlled self-lifting superstructure - a moving, rising and falling, section above the air exhaust pipe 8.

The outer diameter of the inner sleeve 13 has a smaller size relative to the diameter of the inner surface of the outer sleeve 14, and this applies to each pair of such adjacent sleeves with a concentric installation of any number of them. Sleeve 13,14 freely supported on the carrier disk 5 through the lower bearing flanges 15,16 connected to them. The upper base of the inner sleeve 13 is connected to the upper bearing flange 17, on the bottom surface of which there is a groove 18, and the upper base of the outer sleeve 14 is connected to the upper bearing flange 19. In all the flanges there are openings for the passage of air flow, and the lower bearing flanges 15 , 16 are made respectively with internal diameters that are smaller relative to the diameters of the internal surfaces of the sleeves 13, 14, and the upper bearing flanges 11, 17, 19 have external diameters, the dimensions of which are larger than tions outside diameters of the sleeves 13, 14 respectively and the outer ring vetrozabornogo 10. This ratio of diameters and the flange surfaces of the bushings allows the controlled self-raising superstructure and be self-winding by the concentric coverage of each of the inner sleeve adjacent to it an outer sleeve, regardless of their number.

The bore diameters 12, 18 in the upper bearing flanges 11, 17 are designed in such a way that the lower bearing flanges 15 and 16 of the adjacent bushings 13, 14, including auxiliary devices, fit into these bores, fixing in them when lifting.

Regarding the outer surface of the inner sleeve 13 and its upper bearing flange 17, a closed reservoir 20 is fixed, filled with light gas. Regarding the outer surface of the outer sleeve 14 and its upper bearing flange 19, two closed reservoirs 21 are fixed, filled with light gas. The upper bearing flange 17 is connected by means of ropes 22 with controlled tensioning devices 23, and the upper bearing flange 19 by means of ropes 24 (Fig. 2) is connected with controlled tensioning devices 25. The ropes 22 cover the flange 17 with a tier converging to its axis and hold it in the raised position, and the ropes 24 cover the flange located above and keep the raised position in the raised position 19. In this case, a specific specific variant of the device for raising the controlled superstructure to the air exhaust pipe 8 is indicated. However, such options can be several, including with the use of high-rise prefabricated structures-columns, to which the upper ends of the hoisting ropes are fixed, the second ends of which are attached to the upper flanges (to several or even to one - the very top). Such technical solutions are possible because the controlled superstructure is made of a very light material and is technologically used only at relatively low wind loads. With an increase in wind speed of more than 10-15 m / s, the controlled superstructure begins to fall, as at a wind speed of 15 m / s, a sufficiently strong thrust occurs, which is the energy potential for the development of rotational movement of air around the fixed section 7 of the air vent pipe inside the wind-ring 10 The choice of options for lifting a controlled superstructure depends on the specific technical and economic conditions of the project.

The surfaces of the sleeves 13, 14 are made of light metal and concrete replacement materials. Their height for the convenience of preventive maintenance may be small, for example 5 m, and in this case, to get the height of a controlled self-lifting superstructure with a size of, for example, 500 m, they will need to be concentrically arranged in an amount of 100 pieces. In this case, the closed reserve

- 9 007936 Voids with light gas can be installed, for example, on every twentieth sleeve, and in this case the distances between adjacent sleeves with the corresponding dimensions of the supporting flanges are minimal, except for every twentieth pair of adjacent sleeves, between which closed tanks with light gas are located. In these bushings, for the purpose of conveniently positioning the lifting tanks, ancillary devices may be used to fix the upper and lower flanges, for example, a cylindrical ring, to each other. At the same time, in the folded position of the sleeves 13, 14, their holding ropes are arranged between them, and at the bottom they pass between the suitably formed surfaces of the lower flanges and the carrier disk 5. For ease of inspection and preventive maintenance of each such sleeve, the design can be made with the possibility of lowering any of the sleeves or all together down to the service area. This is a decisive advantage when choosing a design of a self-climbing superstructure that can be implemented even if the surface of the sleeves is made of flexible, film materials with or without corrugations, when the upper bearing flanges of the sleeves hang on the lower flanges or light intermediate supports in their lower position, and the lower bearing flanges are lowered into the service area, tightening the film surface of the sleeves down. The principle of the design remains the same: the flange engagement and the holding by it of individual sections of an automatically controlled self-lifting superstructure.

This design also provides for the placement of a gas-generating fluid in closed tanks, which evaporates the gas when a non-contact energy impact is brought to it through a control device connected to a source of electrical energy (not shown in Fig. 1, 2).

The light energy-differentiating sleeves 27 rotate around the axis of rotation 26 (Fig. 3) on autonomous supports 28, between the respective pairs of which the blades 29 are fixed. Separating cylindrical surfaces 30 are placed between each pair of energy-differentiating sleeves 27, which ensure the air flow through the corresponding channels from the wind turbine air intake cavity. Magnetic systems 31 containing permanent magnets are fixed on the surfaces of the energy-differentiating bushes 27 free from blades 29, in their lower part. Associated with the latter by means of magnetic air gaps 32, the electric windings and the magnetic cores 33 in which they are located are rigidly fixed to the base base, which is made by means of concentric ring platforms 34 mounted on supports (not shown in Fig. 3). The magnetic poles 31, the gaps 32 and the electrical windings with their magnetic cores 33 constitute autonomous sections of the electric generator. Between the platforms there are annular openings 35 through which the air flow 2 from the neck of the transparent thermal insulation coating 1 (see Fig. 1, 2) enters the blades 29 of the autonomous energy sections of the wind turbine. Through these openings 35, preventive and repair services are also provided for the wind turbine and electric generator sections. In addition, ring platforms 34, carrying on themselves two adjacent energy-differentiating bushes 27 and one - two sections of the electric generator, are made split at the place of passage between them separating cylindrical surfaces 30 so that they can be lowered into the working repair zone by means of auxiliary devices FIG. 3 not shown. The arrangement of magnets 31 and electrical windings 33 is shown conventionally: on surfaces free of blades of energy-diffusing plugs. In reality, the blades 29 descend as far as possible in order to optimize the angle of attack of the rotating air flow at the entrance to the wind turbine. The openings 35 between the ring platforms 34 should be as wide as possible, close in size to the width of the blade. Therefore, the practical placement of the electrogenerating sections, i.e. magnetic systems and electrical windings with an energy gap between them, can be performed in the zone between each adjacent pair of energy converting sections, which is isolated from the passage of air flow by ring platforms and in which separating cylindrical surfaces 30 are located, performing several technological functions at the same time.

In order to increase the mechanical strength of light energy-differentiating sleeves 27 at high rotational speeds, their outer surfaces are tightened by retaining cables 36. The rotating blades 29 have retaining ropes on their surfaces, which are fixed to the retaining ropes 36 (in Fig. 3, the retaining ropes on the surfaces of the blades and the mechanism of fastening them to the bandage ropes are not shown, for it is simple and multivariate in execution).

Heli-absorbing surfaces 37 (Fig. 4) of the second and third levels, located in front of (under) the throat 1 of the translucent coating 38 and containing air-permeable heat-conducting dark material, for example, in the form of hollow glass balls, are in thermal contact with water mains 39, which are connected to the water supply line 40 and spillway line 41, the ends of which are connected to a heat storage reservoir 42, and with air ducts 43 connected via ventilation ducts 44 to a heat generating production technologist equipment 45, which in FIG. 4 is conventionally shown concentrated in one place, although in reality it is widely distributed in the space under the translucent heat insulating coating 38. The storage pool 42, shown in FIG. 4, is a powerful water heat accumulator, the heat energy in which is stored by solar energy and electric heaters, and it

- 10 007936 mainly performed as a separate structure as a greenhouse complex. The conveying air ducts 47, the surface of which is made of polymeric or glass film, and the intake rings 48 are fixed to the lower bases of the bearing frame of the translucent heat insulating coating on the suspensions 46, and the latter tighten the surface of the convection air ducts and are located directly above the helio-absorbing surface 49 of the first level, which is ground, water, plant surfaces and floors, located under the transparent coating 38. Air intake distance O-rings 48 from the helio-absorbing surfaces 49 are set by the length of the suspensions 46 or the height of the convection ducts 47 (see Fig. 5). Air intake rings 48 can be located directly on the helio-absorbing surface when they are supplied with air ducts placed under it in the form of heat-absorbing air ducts, including underwater ones. In this case, the second ends of the latter suck in air directly or through similar convection air ducts of lesser height, which in cross section may be elongated rectangles. The vertical arrangement of the convection ducts 47 is shown in FIG. 4, 5 conditionally. They may have predetermined slopes and perform more complex thermodynamic functions to accelerate the movement of air flow.

In the transparent thermal insulating walls 50 (FIGS. 4, 5), which close the perimeter of the heliopreforming space 51, air intake openings 52 are made, which contain rotary shapes 53 of rectangular appearance with translucent heat insulating material 54 fixed in them. the walls 50 (their frames in Figs. 4, 5 are not shown) in the closed position and are rotated relative to the latter by means of rotational supports 55, by means of which the turn tnye shape 53 fixed relative to the frame. On the rotary forms 53, on their faces free from supports of rotation, there are fixed movable parts 56 of clamping devices made in the form of steel plates or rods, the response parts 57 of which are in the form of magnets or electromagnets attached to the frame of a transparent thermal insulating wall 50. By appropriately adjusting the clamping devices by setting the gap between their movable and fixed parts or the magnitude of the current in the power magnets is set to automatically open air intake openings at low pressure enii geliopreobrazuyuschem in the closed space 51.

For the frosty winter periods of the year, an additional air intake opening 58 (shown in Fig. 5 without detail) is made with a device of relatively light-transmitting heat-insulating coatings 38 of the outside air intake trenches 59 and the internal air intake trenches 60 (essentially air passage trenches) interconnected by the air channel 61 (Fig. 4), as well as with the formed underground cavities in the form of basements 62. Additionally, in the bottoms of these basements - underground cavities - deep heat-exchange holes 63 are made, which orye allow this heat exchange process to include significant amounts of land in the body and increase the heat transfer surface. The total volume of underground cavities is at least 10 seconds of air passing through the wind turbine in nominal mode. Air intake trenches on top are closed with air-permeable material, for example, gratings on which they can be mounted on stands for growing berries and vegetables, and in warm time, these trenches with gratings placed on them are covered with insulating material. In seasonal and weather periods, when the temperature of the ambient air exceeds the value of the temperature of the underground cavities, this winter air intake is disconnected from the air-conducting channel of the solar power installation.

To increase the efficiency of the solar power plant by increasing the pressure in the air in the center of the closed heliopreforming space 51 relative to the external environment, in the area under the entrance cavity of the wind turbine 3, in the closed heliopreforming space 51, automatic portion air intakes are installed into which air from the external environment enters through intake intermediate chambers 64. The outer sides of the latter are formed by translucent insulating walls 50 with parts opening in summer. 52 openings that fall into the perimeter area of chambers 64. The structural elements of winter air intakes, in particular trenches covered with gratings, and in warm time heat insulating coatings are used as the floors for these chambers. The side faces and the ceiling of the air intake intermediate chambers 64 are made of translucent material, and their inner sides form the input bases of the containers 65 of variable length, i.e. the said inner sides of the chambers 64 are automatically controlled dampers 66 of the input bases of the tanks 65. The automatically controlled dampers 66 are made of rectangular sections of corrugated translucent material, which are compressed along the cross-section of the bases of the containers in a series of parallel strips by means of electric drives with cables m fastening hinge parts to their called flaps (FIGS. 4, 5 these constructions are not shown). The outlet base 67 of the corrugated elastic tanks 65 are placed on movable carts 68 with electric drives 69 (FIG. 5) connected with the mechanisms of their movement, and also made in the form of similar controlled dampers with the specified actuators. These opening and closing mechanisms for automatically controlled dampers 66, 67 of the inlet and outlet bases of the corrugated elastic containers 65 are connected to position sensors 70 of moving parts.

- 11 007936 lechka 68 and pressure sensors 71, 72 in the air environment of the closed heliopreforming space 51, one of which (71) is installed in the zone of the vertical axis of the wind turbine 3, and the others (72) - in its peripheral zone, through control devices (not shown ) with a computer center 73 solar power installation. The mobile carriages are mechanically connected to the base base 74 of the latter by means of elastic elements 75, which create a mechanical oscillating system: a mobile, oscillating mass associated with the carriage, and an elastic element fixed at one end to a rigid fixed base. In this case, a mechanical spring, located in a cylindrical cavity, which operates in a linear zone of deformations of compression and tension, is applied as an elastic element. However, the elastic elements can be made with the use of flat twisting and unwinding springs, with the use of elastic air medium or in its combination with a liquid medium, when it is possible to ensure the correction of the elastic coefficient of the elastic elements 75.

To create a zone of increased pressure in the central zone of the closed heliopreforming space 51, an auxiliary closed cavity 76 is formed under the entrance cavity of the wind turbine 3 by placing a surface of an airtight material in the shape of a truncated cone around the downstream axis 26 of the wind turbine 3. The upper base 77 of this truncated cone with the surface 78 along a circumference formed by an airtight material adjoins the inner perimeter of the second and third levels of the helios absorbing surfaces 37 located above the neck 1 of the translucent heat insulating coating 38. The lower base of this cone circumferentially formed by the airtight material is fixed with respect to the ground or the helio-absorbing surface of the first level. Between the conical surface 78 of an airtight material and automatic portion air intakes with corrugated elastic tanks 65 are placed converging from the perimeter to the center of the closed heliopreforming space 51 auxiliary air ducts 79 (shown in Fig. 4 by a dashed line, and in Fig. 5 are shown as a fragment), which are more convenient to perform as corrugated containers 65, of rectangular section (although sections can also have the shape of a circle, a segment, etc.). The three faces of the auxiliary air ducts 79 are made of a transparent material fixed on a light frame, and the helios absorbing surfaces 49 are used as the bottom faces, which are ground and water surfaces in accordance with the route of the auxiliary air ducts 79. The open ends of the latter are made by means of corrugated sections 80, which attached to the actuators, in particular in the form of lightweight mobile carriages with electric drives connected through control devices Bondings (these mechanisms and control devices in Figs. 4, 5 are not shown) with electrical outputs of sensors 81, recording the distances between the corrugated ends 80 of the auxiliary air ducts 79, the surfaces of the outlet bases 67 of the corrugated elastic tanks 65 at the periphery and the auxiliary air cavity 76 (its surface - 78) in the central part of the closed heliopreforming space 51, as well as pressure sensors 71, 72 in the latter’s air medium. Air-conducting openings 82 are made of airtight material in the conical surface 78 itself. These openings are located near and opposite the open corrugated ends 80 of each of the auxiliary air ducts 79, and they are equipped with automatically opening dampers 83, which in the open position create an airflow channel 2 from the auxiliary air ducts 79 into the auxiliary closed air cavity 76.

In this technical solution, the flaps can be made by analogy with the previous ones, using auto-controlled electric drives, but they can also be designed as self-opening in the form of curtains of elastic material swinging at parallel levels relative to the ground. To the lower ends of these curtains, to the specified elastic material, steel magnetized tubes can be fixed as weights and clamping devices. The latter, in the closed position of air-conducting openings 82, are pressed, under the influence of weight and magnetic attraction, to special retaining lugs at various levels from the surface of the earth. The material of the swinging curtains across the entire width of the openings 82 is pressed tightly against the surface of the stops by making grooves in them for fixing the tube sections, and the curtains cannot open outward relative to the auxiliary closed air cavity 76. The air flow from the auxiliary air ducts 79 opens the swinging curtains inside the latter. Inside the auxiliary closed cavity 76, as shown in FIG. 4, there is an aerodynamic conical surface through which air flows from different sides interact with each other, aerodynamically transforming into a common vertical rotating air flow (entering the turbine using auxiliary aerodynamic means, which are not shown in Fig. 4). In addition, the aerodynamic conical surface is associated with the means of thermodynamic effects on the resulting air flow.

For additional computer control and regulation of air pressure in various zones of a closed heliopreforming space, electric actuators 84 are connected to their rotational supports in a certain number of rotating forms, which are connected to the computer center 73 of the solar power unit via control devices 85. Fixed parts 57 clamp

- 00 007936 devices of the same rotational forms, if they are made in the form of electromagnetic coils, are connected via control devices 86 also to computer center 73. In addition, in a translucent heat insulating coating, they are made up of rotational forms containing a translucent heat insulating material, safety openings opening to the outside 87 with adjustable clamping devices, which in FIG. 4, 5 are shown.

As a result of the technical solutions presented in FIG. 1-5, a closed helio-transforming space 51 and its portion — an auxiliary closed air cavity 76 — are created as an oscillating medium. In addition, in a controlled, automatically rising superstructure to the air exhaust pipe 8 in “pockets” formed at the junction of concentric sleeves 13, 14 (see FIG.

2, 4), placed aerodynamic surface 88, which forms a curved line connected tangentially to the surface of the upper bearing flange 17 of the sleeve 13 and the inner surface of the adjacent outer sleeve 14. Aerodynamic surface 88 is fixed relative to the latter by means of an auxiliary cylindrical ring 89, hermetically and rigidly fixed to the specified flange 17. In addition, the aerodynamic surface 88 contains open outside spiral-shaped air guide channels (in Figs. 2, 4 they are not shown), in which the air flow 2, mixed with a stream of concentrated wind, smoothly passes from the inner surface of the sleeve 13 to the inner surface of the sleeve 14, further intensifying its rotational movement around the axis 26 of the exhaust pipe 8. The aerodynamic surface 88 is made of elastic material and together with an auxiliary cylindrical ring 89 and the surface of the flange 17 is a closed hermetic cavity 90 filled with air as an oscillating elastic medium. This allows you to form a synchronized oscillatory process in the entire duct, from automatic portioned air intakes to the exit opening of the air exhaust pipe, which creates additional conditions for increasing the thrust of airflow 2 through the wind turbine

3

To enhance the aerodynamic processes in the air exhaust pipe 8, along the axis 26 of its fixed section 7, a vertical hollow column 91 is installed (see FIG. 6), made of electrically insulating material, on which two light parallel electrically conducting surfaces are fixed (their outer perimeter in FIG. 6 is represented by dashed line 92). These surfaces twist like helical lines around the column 91 in the direction of rotation of the air flow 2 coming out of the wind turbine 3 and are mounted on cantilever beams (not shown in Fig. 6) mounted into the body of the column 91. These screw surfaces are electrically connected to different source poles electrical voltage 93 by means of a control device 94, the electrical outlets of which 95 are driven along the internal cavity of the column 91. Each screw surface is made of autonomous electrically isolated other d from the other sections (not shown in Fig. 6) to which the corresponding electrical outputs 95 of the control device 94 are connected (shown by arrows). The latter is connected via other channels via the computer center 73 of the solar power installation to the air flow velocity sensors 96 in the air exhaust pipe 8 located in its various dynamic zones, and sensors 97 of the magnitude of the electric current in the source of electrical voltage 93. In the lower part of the air exhaust pipe 8, before starting the screw surfaces 92, Injectors 98 are microparticles of water or water vapor, the actuators 99 of which are connected to the control unit 94, and through the latter to the computer center 73 of the solar power plant.

It is advisable to carry out screw surfaces from autonomous areas of metal grids, through which the air flow twisted by a running electric field can partially pass with a minimum deposition of its impurities on helical conductive surfaces. The amount of impurities to be deposited can also be reduced by placing in close proximity beneath the conductors in the metal grids of protective insulating surfaces, inside of which insulated current conductors are placed, to which a smaller voltage is applied (this technical solution is not shown in Fig. 6). The electrically conductive helical surfaces themselves are also insulated electrically from the passing air flow.

Works proposed solar power plant as follows.

The sun's rays heat the helio-absorbing (heliopreforming) surfaces 49, 37, located in three levels in height. The solar absorbing surfaces 49 are a ground surface with plants of the agricultural production sector cultivated on it, water surfaces with fish and high-protein algae organized in them, including water channels located in auxiliary air ducts 79, technological driveways and floors, production-processing equipment surfaces made mostly dark. Heli-absorbing surfaces 37, made breathable, except for the sun's rays, perceive heat from the circulating water supplied from the water heat storage device 42 through water mains 40, 41, and from air ducts 43, 44 along which warm and hot air flows of the ventilation systems move. The air environment in the closed helio-transforming space 51 due to

- 13 007936 of this is heated, creating a convection air flow 2, additionally energetically saturated with thermal and aerodynamic means before passing it through the wind turbine 3 and the air exhaust pipe 8. At night and non-solar time, stocks of thermal energy accumulated under the transparent thermal insulation coating 38, as well as in water heat accumulator 42 is sufficient to induce thrust in the air exhaust pipe. A particularly significant amount of heat energy accumulates in the water volume of solar ponds. The averaged annual power of solar radiation in most regions of Russia is 0.1-0.25 kW / m ² . If the solar power plant has an average annual capacity of commercial electricity of 20 thousand kW, an area covered by a translucent heat insulating coating in the size of a square 700x700 m, i.e. 49 hectares, then with a minimum solar radiation of 0.1 kW / m ^2, on average, the average heat output of the year is 49 thousand kW. The area of 49 hectares is comparable to the territory occupied by the gas CHP of the same capacity with its technological infrastructures. However, in the proposed solar power plant, this area is mainly used for the production of other products needed by society, while promoting the process of energy production. Thus, the accumulated and constantly renewable thermal energy in the closed helio-converting space 51 in the form of a warm air flow, which gives part of its energy to the wind turbine 3, falls outside the limits of the air exhaust pipe 8, where there is a reduced temperature and lower baric pressure in the environment. For every 200 m of height, this decrease is characterized by values of 2–3 ° C and 0.025–0.03 atm, which represents a significant potential energy. In particular, each 0.01 atm of pressure drop applied to a wind turbine with a diameter of 50 m exerts an axial force of about 200 tons through the blades, part of which is used to generate electrical energy through the efficiency of energy conversion.

The warm air flow 2, which rises by convection and also through the transformed natural wind, rises beyond the limits of the air exhaust pipe 8, causes the formation of thrust in the latter, including lower temperature and pressure parameters in the environment. This thrust produces an additional suction of warm air from the closed helio-transforming space 51, and this process is avalanche-like growing to a certain steady-state value. The increase in thrust due to aerodynamic means is substantially transformed into the speed of rotational movement of the air flow before it enters the turbine through the helium-consuming air-permeable surfaces 37 and through the auxiliary closed air cavity 76.

This process causes a decrease in air pressure in the closed heliopreforming space relative to the environment, and this would cause the automatic opening of the air intake openings 52 in the translucent heat insulating walls 50 through the rotary forms 53 and their rotational supports 55.

However, simultaneously with the process of reducing the pressure in the closed heliopreforming space 51, the computer center 73 of the solar power installation establishes the mode of operation of the automatic portion air intakes.

At the very beginning of the process, by means of electric drives 69, the moving carriages 68 move towards the central axis 26, stretching the corrugated elastic containers 65, while the automatically controlled dampers of their bases 66 are open and 67 are closed. In the extreme stretched position of the containers 65, set by the computer center 73 using pressure sensors 71, 72 and position sensors 70 of the moving carriages 68, the actuators 69 are turned off, and then the oscillating resonant process of compression and stretching of the corrugated elastic containers 65 continues, the frequency of which is determined by the stiffness elastic ratio elements 75 and the magnitude of the oscillating masses associated with moving carts, and the amplitude of oscillations is regulated by the computer center 73 corresponding to the periodic effects on electric drives 69. For each period of resonant oscillations of corrugated elastic tanks 65, a certain amount of air is added to the closed helium-converting space, which is taken from the external environment through external openings 52 of air intake chambers 64 or through air intake trenches 59, 60 and internal underground channels 61 and cavities 58, 62 , 63 in frosty periods of the year. The magnitude of the portioned additions of air for each period of oscillation of the containers 65 is set by the computer center depending on the planned pressure regimes, as well as external and internal conditions that create conditions for the thrust mode and energy conversion in the power plant.

A part of the volume of air supplied by oscillating tanks 65 enters the auxiliary closed air cavity 76, and a part enters the closed helio-transforming space in the zone of its periphery. Depending on the pressure mode, which the computer center 73 has planned for the current period of time (the level of pressure decrease in the peripheral zone and the pressure increase level in the center), the oscillation amplitude of the corrugated elastic tanks and the position of the open corrugated ends 80 of the auxiliary air ducts 79 are set. the auxiliary air ducts 79 and the auxiliary closed air cavity 76 can receive most of the incoming through automatic portion air. hozabory air, and a smaller portion can flow when its main volume is distributed between the peripheral

- 14 007936 zone and the area under the helium-sensing surfaces 37 of the second and third levels.

A portion of the air flow 2, pushed out by the tank 65 into the auxiliary air duct, passes through air openings 82 with open dampers 83 into the auxiliary closed air cavity 76, in which the air flows from different parts of the periphery of the closed helium-converting space simultaneously. As a result, the pressure in this zone rises, while the air flows can, meeting, be directed vertically upwards along the surface of the cone, which covers the heat-generating production and processing equipment 45, located in the center.

Thus, the wind flow 2 enters the entrance cavity of the wind turbine 3, which has not only the kinetic energy of rotational and translational motion, but also a certain excess pressure from below, resulting in the resulting pressure drop between the wind turbine inlet and outlet consists of two components: positive at the entrance and negative ( vacuum in the exhaust pipe) at the outlet.

Accelerated vertical advancement of the air flow in the auxiliary cavity 76 creates an additional injection effect on the passage of heated air in the helio-converting air-permeable surfaces 37, which was previously heated by means of helio-converting surfaces of the first level, including using the convection ducts 47. from the bottom of air channels ramified under the helio-absorbing surfaces, the difficult question is the inertia of The heat in the air is removed as such. The main thing is to ensure low cost of subsurface air ducts. We further emphasize that in solar power engineering the inertia of heat transfer from solar absorption surfaces to moving air as a working medium of energy conversion is one of the most important, not yet resolved problems. Therefore, for the implementation of the proposed technical solution can not be solved the problem of implementation of cheap branched subsurface air channels.

Air flow 2 with differential pressure LR enters blades 29 fixed in energy-differentiating bushes 27 through openings 35 in supporting platforms 34, washing energy generating sections of electric generators consisting of magnetic poles 31, electric coils 33 with their magnetic conductors and air magnetic gaps 32. Pressure and the kinetic energy of the air flow, by means of the blades 29, bring the energy-differentiating sleeves 27 into rotation, with which the poles 31 of the power generating sections of the generator begin to rotate. Airflow 2 is distributed along the energy channels so that the nominal values of the linear velocities of the surfaces of the sleeves are close in size (taking into account the difference in diameters of two adjacent energy differentiating sleeves 27, between which the blades 29 are fixed). This determines the most favorable mode of operation of the wind turbine from the standpoint of achieving maximum efficiency. High-frequency multiphase voltage induced in the electric coils (windings) of 33 power generating autonomous sections of the electric generator is reduced to an industrial frequency of 50 Hz with corresponding phase shifts and voltage values by means of known technical solutions using semiconductor converters. It should be noted that the lower and upper bases of the energy-differentiating sleeves 27 are located mainly in the same horizontal planes of the lower and upper, with some errors determined by the autonomy of the rotational supports. The exception is the case if a series of energy-differentiating sleeves, designed as a second wind turbine, is located at a level above the first wind turbine. In this case, the heated air flow from below first passes through the first wind turbine, and then through the second, and the corresponding surface wind flow is also fed to the last parallel input.

Coming out of the wind turbine 3, the air flow 2 in the inner cavity of the exhaust pipe 8, in its central part, is affected by an increased voltage electric field that runs and rotates along helical surfaces, the outer dotted loop of which is designated 92. The running rotating electric field is created by sequential switching the voltage supplied from the source 93 to certain sections of the screw surfaces by the conductors 95, by means of switches in the control device 94. Microparticles water and steam under the influence of an electric field form dipole structures subject to electric forces of tension, and begin to accelerate in vertical and rotational motions. The speed of movement of the traveling field along the surface areas of the helical lines increases from the bottom up along the axis 26 of the air exhaust pipe. A non-stationary movement of air is created over the cross section and height of the air exhaust pipe 8, generating a vortex-like movement of air in the pipe until the process is established, increasing mainly the rotational component of the movement of air.

To enhance this process and stably maintain it, additional helical microparticles of water and vapor are periodically carried out under the helical surfaces through injection devices 98. The movement of these portions of microparticles is accompanied by a running electric field, which is regulated by controlling the current in the voltage source 93. If the speed of the running field deviates from synchronous correspondence with the speed of moving portions of the micro-hour

- 15 007936 particles, the current value in source 93 varies accordingly, and computer center 73 makes appropriate adjustments in the speed of the traveling electric field, in the frequency and volumes of injected portions of microparticles through the control device 94 and the actuators 99 of the injection devices 98.

In the case of insufficiently favorable weather conditions for the emergence of the necessary power of thrust in the air exhaust pipe and maintaining the level of electricity generation, the ropes 22, 24 are released by tensioning devices 23, 25, after preliminary increasing the pressure of light gas in closed tanks 20, 21 by means of an electrical effect on the gassing fluid inside these, and a self-climbing, guided superstructure rises to a vertical position.

The process of raising and folding the controlled superstructure does not need additional explanations, just like the work of the aerodynamic surfaces 88, since they are clear from the foregoing description of the constructive execution of technical solutions.

As a result of lifting the controlled self-lifting superstructure to the required height, determined by the computer center 73, the last-set energy conversion mode in the solar power installation is ensured.

The implementation of the proposed solar power installation according to claim 1 of the claims predetermines its advantages relative to modern CHP plants for gas energy raw materials. However, its greatest economic efficiency is achieved by combinatorial implementation of other claims.

The described technical solutions in the proposed solar power plant with the size of the ground covered with a translucent heat insulating coating, 700x700 m and a height of self-lifting superstructure 300 m are sufficient for stable electricity production with a capacity of up to 50 thousand kW in most regions of Russia, with the cost of building such a solar power plant lower than the cost CHP on gas energy raw materials of similar capacity. At the same time, effectively organized production of other types of products, in excess of the production of commercial electricity, creates additional consumer and economic values.

Claims (8)

CLAIM 1. A solar energy installation containing a closed solar conversion space formed by solar absorption surfaces and a heat-insulating heat-insulating coating with light-transmitting heat-insulating walls that enclose the solar heat-transmitting space along the perimeter, with air-intake openings made in them, the wind turbine being connected to it and connected to it from above air pipe fixed relative to the base of the wind turbines, and through the latter, to a controlled rising superstructure, and from below, along the outer perimeter, to the neck of a light-permeable heat-insulating coating, under which inside the helioconversion space there are soil surfaces, ponds, areas formed from dark breathable heat-conducting materials as varieties of helioplastic and heat-accumulating surfaces , various types of production and technological equipment generating heat loss in closed-loop helioconvert the space, and a computer center, characterized in that the controlled rising superstructure to the exhaust pipe is made folding by means of concentric sleeves, mainly cylindrical in shape, with the outer diameter of each inner sleeve having a smaller size relative to the diameter of the inner surface of each outer adjacent sleeve, and both bases of each of these bushings are connected to bearing flanges containing internal openings for the passage of air, the lower bearing e the flanges of each of the bushings are made with inner diameters that are smaller relative to the diameters of their inner surfaces, and the upper bearing flanges are with outer diameters whose dimensions exceed the diameters of their outer surfaces, while the lower bearing flanges are in a raised vertical position of the controlled lifting superstructure each of the outer bushings are fixed in bores made on the lower surfaces of the upper bearing flanges of each inner adjacent sleeve, and to part of the upper flanges the bushings are fixed lifting means in the form of closed reservoirs, the internal cavities of which contain light gas and a gas-generating fluid energetically connected with electric heat converters connected through control devices to sources of electric energy located outside the closed reservoirs, and from the bottom they are connected to controlled tensioning devices by means of fixed to ropes, while the internal cavity of the wind turbine contains concentric energy differentiating bushings, dissecting total airflow through the wind turbine to autonomous energy conversion vozduhokanaly parallel and fixed relative to the foundation base by autonomous rotation supports which are installed wind turbine blades, which are fixed with respect to the last holding ropes and rods arranged on surfaces and / or in the inner cavities of the blades, the sleeve being reinforced at energodifferentsiruyuschie - 16 007936 to external surfaces by means of retaining ropes, and coaxially with them autonomous concentric electric generating sections are placed as components of electric generators, magnetic poles of which are located on sections of concentric energy-differentiating bushings free from wind turbine blades, and electric windings and magnetic circuits magnetically connected to them by air gaps in which the latter are located, are rigidly fixed relative to the foundation base, while under the helioconverting The pipes fixed on a foundation base directly under the neck of a light-permeable heat-insulating coating and containing dark-permeable heat-conducting material are located in thermal contact with the latter, air ducts connected through ventilation ducts to heat-generating production and technological equipment, and water pipes to which a water main, water supply and drainage are connected the ends of which are attached to a heat storage reservoir. 2. The solar energy installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the closed solar conversion space is provided with additional winter air intakes made by air intake trenches located on both sides of the translucent heat-insulating walls and interconnected by underground air channels, while underground cavities are formed under the floor of the closed solar conversion space in the form of basements, the bottoms of which are made of heat-exchange pits, closed with a breathable grill and, wherein the underground cavity connected with underground vozduhokanalami winter air intakes and arranged below them in the vertical level. 3. The solar energy installation according to claim 1, characterized in that automatic portioned air intakes are installed in a closed helioconverting space, made by controlled air intakes, in which the outer bases are formed by translucent heat-insulating walls with openings during warm periods, and / or by means of structural elements of winter air intakes, side faces are made of translucent corrugated material, while their internal exhaust is based I am placed on mobile trolleys with electric drives connected with their movement mechanisms, both corrugated container bases being made in the form of controlled dampers with automatic actuators connected with position sensors of moving trolleys and with pressure sensors in the air of a closed helioconversion space through control devices and a computer center, while the movable carts are connected to the foundation of the latter by means of elastic elements that create mechanical vibrational system. 4. The solar energy installation according to claim 1, characterized in that an auxiliary closed air cavity is formed in the center of the closed helioconverting space by placing a surface of an airtight material in the form of a truncated cone around the axis of the wind turbine, the upper base of which is adjacent to the inner perimeter of the helioplastic surfaces located above in front the neck of the translucent heat-insulating coating, and the lower base is fixed relative to the surface of the earth, pr why, between the indicated conical surface and the automatic portioned air intakes, auxiliary air ducts converging from the periphery to the center are placed, and controllable openings are placed in the conical surface. 5. The solar energy installation according to claim 1, characterized in that in the translucent heat-insulating coating is made by means of rotary forms containing translucent heat-insulating material, safety self-opening openings with adjustable clamping devices. 6. The solar energy installation according to claim 1, characterized in that along the axis of the fixed portion of the exhaust pipe a vertical hollow column is installed, made of an insulating material, on which two parallel electrically conductive screw surfaces are fixed, twisting around the column in the direction of rotation of the air stream exiting the wind turbine , and are electrically connected to different poles of the source of electrical voltage, with each screw surface made of autonomous tkov electrically isolated from each other and connected by isolated electrical connections to the control apparatus that other electrical channels through the center computer connected to the sensors the velocity of airflow in the pipe and Air Release of the sensors of electric current in the source voltage. 7. The solar energy installation according to claim 1, characterized in that a water microparticle injector is installed at the bottom of the exhaust pipe before the screw surfaces, the actuator of which is electrically connected to the control device and through the latter to the computer center. 8. The solar energy installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the closed solar converting space contains ventilation ducts and travel air-insulating locks made of translucent material.