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DE4432643A1 - Contact arrangement for fault-current (FI) circuit breaker for e.g. refrigerators or freezers - Google Patents

Contact arrangement for fault-current (FI) circuit breaker for e.g. refrigerators or freezers

Info

Publication number
DE4432643A1
DE4432643A1 DE19944432643 DE4432643A DE4432643A1 DE 4432643 A1 DE4432643 A1 DE 4432643A1 DE 19944432643 DE19944432643 DE 19944432643 DE 4432643 A DE4432643 A DE 4432643A DE 4432643 A1 DE4432643 A1 DE 4432643A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
switch
test
contact point
contact arrangement
circuit breaker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19944432643
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE4432643B4 (en
Inventor
Rainer Dipl Phys Berthold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AEG Niederspannungstechnik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19944432643 priority Critical patent/DE4432643B4/en
Publication of DE4432643A1 publication Critical patent/DE4432643A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE4432643B4 publication Critical patent/DE4432643B4/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/02—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents
    • H01H83/04—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents with testing means for indicating the ability of the switch or relay to function properly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
    • H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
    • H02H3/33—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
    • H02H3/334—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers with means to produce an artificial imbalance for other protection or monitoring reasons or remote control
    • H02H3/335—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers with means to produce an artificial imbalance for other protection or monitoring reasons or remote control the main function being self testing of the device

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

The contact arrangement has a main contact point lying in a current path. This is opened by means of a trigger mechanism when an error current is present. A secondary contact point is connected parallel to the main contact point. The secondary contact point is opened both when an error current is present or in an error current free state. The secondary contact point is only closed during a testing process, before the main contact point is opened. The secondary winding of the summed current transformer of the protective switch has two taps (13, 14) at its ends. One (13) of these is connected to the neutral line (N) and the other is connected to the L phase of the main current via a test button (10) and a test resistor (12).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kontaktanordnung für einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a contact arrangement for a residual current circuit breaker the preamble of claim 1.

Handelsübliche Fehlerstromschutzschalter besitzen eine Kontaktstelle für den Hin- und Rückleiter, einen Summenstromwandler, durch den der Hin- und Rückleiter als Primärwicklung hindurchgeführt ist, sowie eine Sekundärwicklung, die entweder direkt oder über eine Elektronik mit der Wicklung eines Auslösers verbunden ist, der über einen Stößel ein Schaltschloß betätigt, mit dem die Kontaktstellen bleibend geöffnet werden.Commercial residual current circuit breakers have a contact point for the and return conductor, a total current transformer through which the forward and return conductor as Primary winding is passed through, as well as a secondary winding, either directly or is connected to the winding of a release via an electronics unit which is connected via a plunger actuated a key switch, with which the contact points remained open will.

Aus bestimmten Gründen ist es notwendig, einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter regelmäßig auf seine Funktionssicherheit zu prüfen. Zu diesem Zweck besitzt er einen Prüfstromkreis zwischen dem Hin- und Rückleiter, in dem sich ein Prüfwiderstand sowie ein mittels einer Prüftaste betätigbarer Schalter befinden. Durch Schließen des Schalters wird ein Fehlerstrom simuliert, der über die Sekundärwicklung den Auslöser erregt, so daß dieser den Schalter abschaltet.For certain reasons, it is necessary to use a residual current device check regularly for functional reliability. He has one for this purpose Test circuit between the forward and return conductors, in which there is a test resistor and a switch which can be actuated by means of a test button. By closing the A fault current is simulated by the switch, which triggers the trigger via the secondary winding excited so that this turns off the switch.

Hierdurch wird der nachgeordnete Stromkreis, in dem sich Verbraucher befinden, abgeschaltet. Befinden sich in diesem nachgeschalteten Stromkreis bestimmte Datenverarbeitungsanlagen, in denen Daten gespeichert sind, so kann es vorkommen, daß bei wenn auch nur kurzzeitigem Wegfall der Stromversorgung die Speicher gelöscht sind. Es ist daher erforderlich, den Fehlerstromschutzschalter so auszubilden, daß bei einer Prüfung eine Stromunterbrechung verhindert ist.As a result, the downstream circuit in which consumers are located switched off. Are certain in this downstream circuit Data processing systems in which data is stored, it can happen that if the power supply is lost for only a short time, the memory are deleted. It is therefore necessary to design the residual current circuit breaker that a power cut is prevented during a test.

Dies gilt um so mehr bei Fehlerstromschutzschaltern, bei denen die Prüfung automatisch erfolgt. In den Fällen einer automatischen Prüfung bliebe der Fehlerstromschutzschalter in der Ausschaltstellung, so daß nachgeschaltete Verbraucher, wie beispielsweise Kühlschränke oder Tiefkühltruhen und dgl., für längere Zeit nicht mehr mit Strom versorgt werden. Welche Probleme dies mit sich bringt, liegt auf der Hand.This applies all the more to residual current circuit breakers where the test done automatically. In the case of an automatic check, the Residual current circuit breaker in the off position, so that downstream Consumers, such as refrigerators or freezers and the like, for can no longer be supplied with power for a long time. What problems this entails brings, is obvious.

In der Patentanmeldung P 4 306 231.8 ist eine Kontaktanordnung der eingangs genannten Art beschrieben, bei der eine Abschaltung nachgeordneter Verbraucher im Prüffall vermieden wird.In patent application P 4 306 231.8 there is a contact arrangement at the beginning described type, in which a shutdown of downstream consumers in Test case is avoided.

Der Hauptkontaktstelle, die den Strom normalerweise führt, ist ein Parallelzweig zugeordnet, in dem sich eine Nebenkontaktstelle befindet, die im Prüffall geschlossen wird, bevor die Hauptkontakte öffnen. Auf diese Weise fließt Strom durch den Parallelzweig und ein nachgeschalteter Verbraucher bezieht weiterhin Strom.The main contact point that normally carries the current is a parallel branch assigned in which there is a secondary contact point, which is closed in the test case will open before the main contacts. In this way, current flows through the Parallel branch and a downstream consumer continues to draw power.

Diesem Verfahren haftet der Nachteil an, daß man den Prüfbypass nicht als Zusatzgerät parallel zu den Eingangs- und Ausgangsklemmen eines FI-Schalters schalten kann, da man damit den sich in seinem Inneren befindenden Summenstromwandler, mit dem man den Fehlerstrom detektiert, kurzschließt.This method has the disadvantage that the test bypass is not considered Additional device parallel to the input and output terminals of a residual current circuit breaker can switch, because you can use the inside Total current transformer, with which the fault current is detected, short-circuits.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Kontakanordnung der obengenannten Art zu schaffen, bei der eine Abschaltung nachgeordneter Verbraucher im Prüffall vermieden wird und der Prüfbypass als Zusatzgerät parallel zu den Eingangs- und Ausgangsklemmen eines FI-Schalters geschaltet werden kann, ohne den Wandler des FI-Schalters kurzzuschließen.The object of the invention is to provide a contact arrangement of the type mentioned above create, in which a shutdown of downstream consumers avoided in the test case and the test bypass as an additional device parallel to the input and Output terminals of an FI switch can be switched without the converter short-circuit the FI switch.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Die Sekundärwicklung des obengenannten Wandlers erhält zwei zusätzliche Anzapfungen, eine am Eingang, die andere am Ausgang der Wicklung. Eine Anzapfung verbindet man mit dem Nulleiter N, die andere über einen Widerstand und einen Schalter (Taster) mit der Phase L.The secondary winding of the above converter receives two additional ones Taps, one at the entrance, the other at the exit of the winding. A tap one connects to the neutral conductor N, the other via a resistor and one Switch (push button) with phase L.

Den Bypass-Schalter, der sowohl den Nulleiter, als auch den Phasenleiter des FI- Schalters überbrückt, kann man nunmehr einfach an die Eingangs- und Ausgangsklemmen des FI-Schalters anschließen. Man benötigt lediglich noch eine zusätzliche Steckverbindung.The bypass switch, which connects both the neutral conductor and the phase conductor of the FI Bridged switch, you can now simply to the input and Connect the output terminals of the FI switch. You only need one additional plug connection.

Die in dem FI-Schalter üblicherweise angeordnete Prüftaste löst bei Betätigung den Schalter nicht mehr aus.The test button usually arranged in the FI switch releases the when pressed Switch no longer off.

Drückt man jedoch die Prüftaste des Bypass-Schalters, so fließt unabhängig von den Primärleitungen des Summenstromwandlers des FI-Schalters ein Strom durch die Sekundärwicklung des Wandlers und löst dadurch den Auslöser und das Schaltwerk des FI-Schalters aus.However, if you press the test button on the bypass switch, it flows independently of the Primary lines of the residual current transformer of the RCD switch a current through the Secondary winding of the converter and thereby releases the trigger and the switching mechanism of the FI switch.

Anschließend muß man das FI-Schaltwerk wieder ein- und das des Bypasses ausschalten.Then you have to switch the RCD switch back on and that of the bypass turn off.

Selbstverständlich kann man mit herkömmlichen Mitteln diese Vorgänge automatisch ablaufen lassen.Of course, these processes can be carried out automatically using conventional means drain.

An einem Ausführungsbeispiel sei die Erfindung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 1 zeigt das Schaltbild eines herkömmlichen FI-Schalters. Darin bedeutet L₁ die Phase und N den Nulleiter des Stromnetzes, (1) und (2) die Leitungen zu dem hier nicht gezeichneten Verbraucher, (3) den Summenstromwandler, (4) das Schaltwerk, (5) den Auslöser, (6) den Auslösestößel, (7) die Prüftaste und (8) den Prüfwiderstand. Fig. 1 shows the circuit diagram of a conventional RCD. In it L₁ means the phase and N the neutral conductor of the power network, ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) the lines to the consumer, not shown here, ( 3 ) the summation current transformer, ( 4 ) the switching mechanism, ( 5 ) the trigger, ( 6 ) the Trigger plunger, ( 7 ) the test button and ( 8 ) the test resistor.

Fig. 2 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung von Bypassschalter (9) und zusätzlichem Prüfkontakt (10), die beide in einem gesonderten Gehäuse (11) untergebracht, dicht neben dem FI-Schalter angeordnet sind. (12) zeigt den zusätzlichen Prüfwiderstand, (13) und (14) die zusätzlichen Anzapfungen. Im Normalfall, d. h. im Betrieb des Fehlerstromschutzschalters, sind die Kontakte (15) geschlossen, die Bypass-Kontakte (9) offen. Will man den FI- Schalter ohne Benutzung des Bypasses prüfen, so geschieht dies über die in ihm vorhandene Prüftaste (7) in herkömmlicher, stromunterbrechender Weise. Hat man dagegen den Bypass-Schalter (11) neben dem FI-Schalter angebracht (oder in seiner Nähe) und ihn über Leitungen (16), (17) mit den Anschlußstellen (18) bis (22) verbunden und leitet man den Prüfvorgang mittels der Prüftaste (10) ein, so muß man erst die Schaltkontakte (9) schließen, weil sonst wieder Stromausfall am Verbraucher (23) einträte. Die Anschlußstellen (18) bis (21) sind die normalen Schraubklemmen der FI- Schalter, die Anschlußstelle (22) z. B. eine Steckverbindung. Nach Beendigung des Prüfvorgangs wird der Schalter (10) durch eine Rückstellfeder geöffnet, damit kein Prüfstrom mehr fließt. Danach schließt man die Kontakte (15) des FI-Schalters und öffnet die Kontakte (9) des Bypasses (11). Fig. 2 shows the arrangement according to the invention of bypass switch ( 9 ) and additional test contact ( 10 ), both of which are housed in a separate housing ( 11 ), arranged close to the FI switch. ( 12 ) shows the additional test resistance, ( 13 ) and ( 14 ) the additional taps. In the normal case, ie during operation of the residual current circuit breaker, the contacts ( 15 ) are closed and the bypass contacts ( 9 ) are open. If you want to test the FI switch without using the bypass, this is done using the test button ( 7 ) in it in a conventional, current-interrupting manner. If, on the other hand, you have attached the bypass switch ( 11 ) next to the FI switch (or in its vicinity) and connected it via lines ( 16 ), ( 17 ) to the connection points ( 18 ) to ( 22 ) and you conduct the test by means of the test button ( 10 ), you must first close the switch contacts ( 9 ), because otherwise there would be a power failure at the consumer ( 23 ). The connection points ( 18 ) to ( 21 ) are the normal screw terminals of the FI switch, the connection point ( 22 ) z. B. a connector. At the end of the test process, the switch ( 10 ) is opened by a return spring so that no more test current flows. Then close the contacts ( 15 ) of the FI switch and open the contacts ( 9 ) of the bypass ( 11 ).

Fig. 3 zeigt einen 2-poligen FI-Schalter (FI) mit herkömmlicher Prüftaste (7) und Schalterknebel (24). (18) bis (21) stellen die Anschluß-Schraubklemmen und (22) die obengenannte Steckverbindung dar. Im Bypass (11) sind untergebracht die Schalter (9) und (10) und der Tastkopf (25) der im Inneren eine Druckfeder (26) enthält. Die Schaltkontakte (9) des Bypasses (11) sind im offenen Zustand näher voneinander entfernt als die Kontakte (10), so daß beim Drücken des Tastkopfes (25) die Kontakte (9) eher schließen als der Kontakt (10). Fig. 3 shows a 2-pole RCD (FI) with a conventional test button ( 7 ) and switch toggle ( 24 ). ( 18 ) to ( 21 ) represent the connection screw terminals and ( 22 ) the above-mentioned plug connection. The bypass ( 11 ) accommodates the switches ( 9 ) and ( 10 ) and the probe ( 25 ) which has a compression spring ( 26 inside) ) contains. The switching contacts ( 9 ) of the bypass ( 11 ) are closer to each other than the contacts ( 10 ) in the open state, so that when the probe ( 25 ) is pressed, the contacts ( 9 ) close earlier than the contact ( 10 ).

Der Prüfvorgang geht nun wie folgt vor sich:
Man betätigt den Tastkopf (25), drückt damit Feder (26) zusammen und schließt Schalter (9), der den FI-Schalter überbrückt. Wenig später schließt Schalter (10) der den FI-Schalter löst. Eine nicht gezeichnete Sperre im Tastkopf (25) hält nur den Schalter (9) geschlossen, Schalter (10) öffnet sofort wieder. Nachdem man den FI-Schalter über den Knebel (24) wieder eingeschaltet hat, drückt man erneut den Tastkopf (25), die Sperre entklingt und der Schalter (9) öffnet.The test procedure is now as follows:
You actuate the probe ( 25 ), press the spring ( 26 ) together and close the switch ( 9 ) that bridges the RCD. A little later, switch ( 10 ) closes which releases the RCD. A lock (not shown) in the probe ( 25 ) only keeps the switch ( 9 ) closed, switch ( 10 ) opens again immediately. After the FI switch has been switched on again via the toggle ( 24 ), press the probe ( 25 ) again, the lock decays and the switch ( 9 ) opens.

Claims (6)

1. Kontaktanordnung für einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter, mit einer im Strompfad liegenden Hauptkontaktstelle, die beim Auftreten eines Fehlerstromes mittels eines Auslösers geöffnet wird und einer parallel zu der Hauptkontaktstelle geschalteten Nebenkontaktstelle, die im fehlerstromfreien Ruhezustand sowie bei Auftreten eines Fehlerstromes geöffnet und lediglich beim Prüfvorgang in Schließstellung bringbar ist, bevor die Hauptkontaktstelle geöffnet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sekundärwicklung des Summenstromwandlers des Fehlerstromschutzschalters an ihren Enden zwei Anzapfungen (13) und (14) besitzt, deren eine (13) mit dem Nulleiter N und deren andere über Prüftaste (10) und Prüfwiderstand (12) mit der Phase L des Stromnetzes verbunden sind.1.Contact arrangement for a residual current circuit breaker, with a main contact point in the current path, which is opened by means of a release when a fault current occurs, and a secondary contact point connected in parallel to the main contact point, which opens in the fault-free idle state and when a fault current occurs and can only be brought into the closed position during the test process Before the main contact point is opened, characterized in that the secondary winding of the residual current circuit breaker of the residual current circuit breaker has two taps ( 13 ) and ( 14 ) at its ends, one of which ( 13 ) with the neutral conductor N and the other via test button ( 10 ) and Test resistor ( 12 ) are connected to phase L of the power network. 2. Kontaktanordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Kontakte (9) und (10) und der Prüfwiderstand (12) in einem Gehäuse (11) befinden, was über Leitungen und/oder Steckverbindungen mit dem Fehlerstromschutzschalter verbunden ist.2. Contact arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the contacts ( 9 ) and ( 10 ) and the test resistor ( 12 ) are in a housing ( 11 ), which is connected via lines and / or plug connections to the residual current circuit breaker. 3. Kontaktanordnung nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindung des im Gehäuse (11) untergebrachten Prüfstromkreises (22) an beliebiger Stelle z. B. an (27), (28) in den FI-Schalter hineinführt.3. Contact arrangement according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the connection of the test circuit ( 22 ) housed in the housing ( 11 ) at any point z. B. at ( 27 ), ( 28 ) leads into the FI switch. 4. Kontaktanordnung nach Anspruch 1-3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (11) fest oder steckbar mit dem FI-Schalter verbunden ist.4. Contact arrangement according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the housing ( 11 ) is fixedly or pluggably connected to the FI switch. 5. Kontaktanordnung nach Anspruch 1-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Taste (25) aus der Frontseite (29) des Gehäuses (11) herausragt.5. Contact arrangement according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the button ( 25 ) protrudes from the front ( 29 ) of the housing ( 11 ). 6. Kontaktanordnung nach Anspruch 1-5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitungen (16) in Form einer mehrpoligen Schiene (Phasenschiene) ausgebildet sind.6. Contact arrangement according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the lines ( 16 ) are designed in the form of a multi-pole rail (phase rail).
DE19944432643 1994-09-14 1994-09-14 Contact arrangement for a residual current circuit breaker Expired - Fee Related DE4432643B4 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944432643 DE4432643B4 (en) 1994-09-14 1994-09-14 Contact arrangement for a residual current circuit breaker

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944432643 DE4432643B4 (en) 1994-09-14 1994-09-14 Contact arrangement for a residual current circuit breaker

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE4432643A1 true DE4432643A1 (en) 1996-03-21
DE4432643B4 DE4432643B4 (en) 2005-12-01

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US20230116176A1 (en) * 2015-10-14 2023-04-13 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Method and Apparatus for Switching Current
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