DE2751978A1 - HEATING BOILER - Google Patents

Description

Interliz Establishment in Vaduz, Liechtenstein / / b I J / 8

Heating boiler

In the course of technical developments in the boiler sector the overall task arises with the new design of heating boilers made of sheet steel for oil burner operation to meet requirements aimed in several directions at the same time. For reasons of rationalization, the boiler should with the simplest possible sheet metal parts and the simplest possible pressing and welding processes on the sheet metal parts dimensionally accurate, quick and cheap to manufacture and be statically stable and pressure-resistant. He's supposed to be one too solid fuel have a sufficiently large combustion chamber and, for example, for times of oil crises quickly and with little effort on a reliably functioning auxiliary fire Plague fuel convertible in the same oil-fired combustion chamber be. Especially with oil firing, the heating boiler should, despite the space and material-saving dimensions Fuel heat as economical as possible and saves energy costs exploit and also have the highest possible upper performance limit of its performance range, however no high resistance for the flue gases due to narrow and long flow cross-sections, in order to also use cheap oil burners to be able to use with lower fan pressures · Mainly with lower power output and correspondingly lower flue gas temperatures, it should avoid corrosion on the most endangered boiler plates and to meet emissions and environmental protection regulations

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to achieve complete burnout of the heating oil in the large-volume combustion chamber suitable for solid fuel Ensure air-hygienically perfect exhaust gases.

The invention is based on eLnem heating boiler according to the Genre of the main claim. Your ZLeL is a heating boiler to create with these aforementioned requirements This task is primarily achieved by the boiler design according to the invention solved the characterizing features of the main claim.

Due to the large, trough-shaped indentations the flat walls of the boiler outer body and which are provided with these indentations and which are weak in terms of pressure the combustion chamber so reinforced that on a connection in each case two adjacent walls of the boiler outer body and the combustion chamber can be dispensed with by means of complex U-anchors, stud bolts or the like that have to be welded in. On the one hand, these walls are given by the large-area trough-shaped, preferably spherical cap-shaped impressions static stability that is almost as great as that of round combustion chambers and round outer boiler bodies, on the other hand, the flat, rectangular sheet metal plates forming the walls have and keep straight edges, which significantly simplify and facilitate the bending, folding and welding of the walls and that with round ones Combustion chambers and round boiler outer bodies necessary expensive and complicated cutting, adapting and welding together of cylindrical boiler walls and round boiler

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avoid the ground. While a large number of small-area wells known for stiffening a flat sheet metal plate or beading requires more complicated pressing tools and can only be pressed in when the sheet is hot, a single, large-area, trough-shaped impression on a wall the boiler outer body and the combustion chamber with a simpler pressing tool and, above all, cold, i.e. can be produced in a red-hot state without heating the sheet. In addition, a single large- Flä ± Dge trough-shaped indentation, stiffened combustion chamber wall easier to clean of soot deposits than a combustion chamber wall with a large number of pressed-in small areas Bowls or beads. The stiffening of the lower wall of the combustion chamber and to create an even water space underneath to get half of this combustion chamber wall, expediently also the lower wall of the boiler outer body has in particular due to the roof-shaped bent down training for a petrol operation, in which the lower combustion chamber wall serves as an ash collecting surface, the pre Part of the easier and more convenient ash removal than with stiffening by means of a large, trough-shaped indentation. For training that is favorable in terms of combustion technology of the combustion chamber are, according to a further feature, advantageously the trough-shaped impressions on the side borrowed walls and arched outward on the rear wall of the combustion chamber, with the trough-shaped indentations in order to create a favorable boiler water space the side walls and on the rear wall of the boiler

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the outer body are curved outwards. While as well as in the case of the aforementioned walls of the combustion chamber, the trough-shaped indentation also on the upper wall of the combustion chamber is curved outwards, is on the upper wall of the boiler outer body, one for the arrangement of the Kachschaltheizkanals maintains a large distance from the upper combustion chamber wall, but advantageously the trough-shaped indentation curved inwards, this has the advantage that the Attaching a vertical cylindrical brewing water heater on the boiler considerably in terms of overall height the boiler / domestic water heater combination can be saved if the inwardly curved trough-shaped Pressing in of the upper wall of the boiler outer body in such a way as to correspond to the bottom bulging outwards the water heater is designed spherical cap-shaped that the water heater bottom in the trough-shaped Press-fit fits into it.

The measures listed in the subclaims are advantageous developments and improvements of the Heating boiler specified in the main claim is possible. By means of the upper insert plate which is removably arranged at a distance under the upper combustion chamber wall If necessary, a so-called second train of the boiler can be created in the simplest way in the combustion chamber, with the combustion chamber load is increased considerably by increased convection as well as by radiation and consequently the upper one without enlarging the combustion chamber

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The performance limit of the performance range of the heating boiler can be increased considerably when burning the burner with liquid or gaseous fuel. Here the increases flow resistance of the boiler on the flue gas side only within tolerable limits. If lower boiler output is required, this upper insert plate can be used can be removed to avoid unnecessary flow resistance · When very little power is required in the area of the lower output limit of the heating boiler can be removed with the aid of the lower wall which covers the lower wall of the combustion chamber at a certain distance Insert plate comfortably reduces the volume of the combustion chamber, which has become too large for this small output, and the small power to be adapted combustion technology.

On the one hand, this improves the burnout of the oil flame, because still unburned oil splashes fall down onto the lower insert plate, which has moved closer to the clamp and has been brought to glow, and to complete combustion be evaporated so that the exhaust gases are not unburned Hydrocarbons or oil derivatives and no carbon monoxide and meet the air hygiene requirements again even with a very low output. On the other hand will the lower wall of the combustion chamber is shielded from the burner flame by the lower insert plate and activated, so that with very small outputs too low dropping temperatures, undesirable because of the risk of kebum formation in the chimney, are avoided. on the brackets on the side walls of the combustion chamber, which are used to insert the lower insert plate, can be used if necessary

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a removable fire grate can be inserted for auxiliary firing with solid fuel. This can be done in the simplest way for the introduction of a burner tube serving burner opening of the boiler door immediately for the Supply of air to be used for the combustion of the solid fuel, so that the boiler door does not break against a boiler door suitable for solid fuel combustion needs to be replaced. The one in the burner opening of the Boiler door easily and effortlessly deployable air supply β-tube immediately contains the adjustable throttle valve for the air regulation for solid fuel firing, and the with the vertical duct connected to the air supply pipe between the boiler door and the fire grate does not allow the combustion air to flow directly into the combustion chamber space above the solid fuel bed, but rather directs it into the tree under the Fire grate, so that the combustion air flows up through the fire grate and the solid fuel bed two prefabricated comb-like profiles that can be produced, for example, by extrusion The only Nach se hai heating duct to be welded into the boiler can be created, which despite being more compact and space-saving dimensions has an extremely large heating surface and at low gas velocities and low Flow resistances result in high heat transfer to the Causes boiler water. With lower boiler outputs and correspondingly lower flue gas temperatures, the water

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water-cooled rear wall of the boiler outer body, on which the belly gas collector is arranged directly in the known heating boilers, so that the rear wall of the Kesselaufienkörpers directly from the cooled belly gases in the Abdominal gas collector is coated, experience has shown especially at risk of corrosion. This risk avoids the advantageous measure characterized in the subclaims that the auxiliary heating duct protrudes from the rear wall of the boiler outer body and at this protruding end the smoke collector at a distance from the rear wall of the boiler outer body is attached. As a result, the cooled exhaust gases reaching the fiauchgassammer are released from the rear wall of the outer boiler body separated by insulation and corrosion as a result of excessive cooling of this wall avoided by the exhaust gases. Since the middle upper area of the rear wall of the boiler outer body is penetrated by the protruding end of the main heating duct extending essentially over the width of the combustion chamber and from the correspondingly wide belly gas collector is taken, the boiler flow connection is arranged laterally ver sets on the side edge of the boiler outer body rear wall. In order to be able to easily install a normal return mixing device between the flow line and the return line <of a heating system, the boiler return connection laterally offset. Advantageously, the flow connection and the return connection are arranged in duplicate on the left and right side edge of the rear wall, so that depending on the spatially most favorable and \

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simplest installation method, the flow line and return line of the heating system can be connected to the boiler at the rear left or right. The other pair of flow and return connections is then available to provide a separate boiler charging circuit for a 'heated by the heating boiler by means of a charging pump

To connect the water heater. With this doubling of the flow connection and the return connection the

in further improvement of the boiler according to the invention in the boiler water space between the rear wall of the Combustion chamber and the rear wall of the boiler outer body arranged return baffle has the advantage that the one or the other return connection on the left or right of the boiler, return water entering the boiler only in the middle of the room separated by the return baffle to the top can escape, while otherwise this space is closed on all sides, creating a good, flawless internal Boiler water circulation in the entire boiler water jacket is guaranteed, primarily in the event of a need Boiler output is necessary at the upper output limit, to absorb the heat from the highly heated and highly loaded boiler heating surfaces and the risk of steam formation to avoid. Thanks to the pressure-stable reinforcement of the boiler walls by means of the large, trough-shaped pressings or the roof-shaped downward kinked training in the lower walls of the combustion chamber and the boiler outer body while maintaining the otherwise essentially flat, plate-shaped shape of the walls with straight edges or edges, it is possible in a further advantageous manner

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improvement of the boiler according to the invention with the four circumferential walls of the combustion chamber at the front end of the combustion chamber to provide outwardly angled band surfaces as the front end of the boiler water jacket and these band surfaces 5 without any special effort to weld water-tight with the peripheral walls of the boiler outer body and also in the area of one arranged on the inside of the boiler door To provide sighting with a convex sealing bead pressed out towards the boiler door, which is also the case with normal Bracing of the closed boiler door with the boiler body ensures a flawless, gas-tight closure of the combustion chamber.

The heating boiler according to the invention is based on the following the drawing of an exemplary embodiment explained in more detail. Show it

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the heating boiler with the additional design measure to increase the upper output limit of the boiler output range,

Figure 2 shows a cross section along the line II-II in Figure 1, FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section corresponding to FIG. 1, but with the additional design measure for very small boiler outputs in the range of the lower output limit,

FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section corresponding to FIG. 1, however with the additional design measure for auxiliary firing with solid fuel.

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The heating boiler has a horizontal boiler outer body 1 with a rectangular cross section, which is closed at its front end by a boiler door 2. You boiler door 2 has a burner opening 3 for the passage of a burner. In the boiler outer body 1, surrounded by a boiler water space 4, a combustion chamber 5, which is also horizontal and has a rectangular cross-section and is closed at the rear end, is arranged. Above the combustion chamber 5, a Nachschaltheizkanal 6 is arranged in the boiler water space, which is connected at its front end with the combustion chamber and opens at its rear end into a gas collector on the back of the boiler outer body. The side walls 8 and 9 of the combustion chamber and the boiler outer body, as well as their upper walls 10 and 11 and their rear walls 12 and 13, which consist of essentially flat, rectangular sheet metal plates with straight edges, are each with a pressure-stable reinforcement single large area and over the largest surface part of the wall extending trough-shaped indentation 14, advantageously in the form of a spherical cap, provided in games. Because of its large surface area, the trough-shaped indentation can be pressed cold into the aforementioned walls. So that the trough-shaped impressions do not reduce the combustion chamber volume, the impressions on the combustion chamber walls 8, 10 and 12 are arched outwards. In the same direction are therefore also on the side and rear boiler outer body walls 9 and 13, which are at a relatively small distance from the side and rear combustion chamber walls 8 and 12,

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arched outwards. You have a larger distance το η anyway On the other hand, the upper boiler outer body wall 11, which extends to the upper combustion chamber wall 10, is bit of an inwardly curved one trough-shaped indentation provided in which a similar downwardly curved bottom of a water heater that can be placed on the boiler fits into it, so that no A space-wasting distance between the top of the boiler and the underside of the water heater also arises of essentially flat, rectangular sheet metal plates with rectilinear Xanten formed lower walls 15 and 16 of the Combustion chamber and the boiler outer body, however, are for pressure-stable reinforcement is not provided with a large, trough-shaped sinpressing like the other boiler walls, but rather bent downwards in the shape of a roof, what is the pulling out of the combustion chamber wall below of penal deposits simplified by means of a standard cleaning device

The one consisting of a single hollow body and therefore only welded watertight at two ends into the hot kettle ßende Bachschaltheizkanal consists, as Figure 2 shows, of two elongated profiles 17 and 18 with a comb-like cross-section with a plurality of profiles in the longitudinal direction Comb-like webs 19 running in the form of ribs · Such comb-like profiles can be made in one piece in the extrusion drive or by automatic welding process drive from a single sheet of sheet metal. The comb-like webs 19 of the two profiles 17 and 18 are mutually xu-

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swept and form an extraordinarily large heating surface of the after se hai the i zl'.ajial; j, only in their two lateral separating joints 20 few outer ridges, the two kairro-like profiles 17 and 10 need to be welded to one another, and a seal To form a card-shaped hollow corrugation, the NachsohaJ thei zkanal protrudes with M'inoa rear land (> now the liiiiteren wall 13 of the boiler outer crater 1. To the .'- rTJ}] eraunra / ', end (in Kndo des HachscJiaJ Dieizkanal ö ή id of JiauchgasBaraml he boicstigt 7, so that the Rauchgasüanim] or 7 has a distance from the rear wall dna Kosselaußenkörjiery. This spacing prevents direct contact drr rear wall 13 of the Kesee] außenkörperc with entering the Haucligassamniler, most cooled Exhaust gases and thereby prevents corrosion on this particularly corrosion- prone, "light" of the rear boiler outer body wall A closable cleaning opening 22 is arranged on the flue gas collector. As the figure shows, the secondary heating duct 6 extends essentially over the width of the combustion chamber 5. Accordingly, the flue gas collector 7 also extends far to the side, which also extends far upwards because of the outlet connection 21. There is no space for an arrangement of a boiler flow connection in the middle upper area of the rear boiler outer body wall 13. On both sides of the flue gas collector 7, a flow connection 23 is therefore arranged on each of the side edges of the rear wall 13, and for reasons of installation technology is also under each flow connection

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one return connection 24 is arranged on each of the two SeL overrands of the rear wall 13. In the boiler water space between A return baffle 25 is arranged at the rear / found 12 and 13 of the combustion chamber and the boiler outer body, which divides a room from the Kesaelwasserraum into which the two return pipe 24 open and which is closed all around and only in the middle of its upper horizontal Edge a connection opening 26 to the boiler leaves free water space. That through one or the other return port 24 incoming return water can therefore only in the middle of the Escape the boiler water space between the rear walls 12 and 13 upwards. This causes a good internal boiler water circulation in the entire boiler water jacket before the Returned water is heated again through the provisional nozzle 23 exits.

On the combustion chamber side walls 8 are upper brackets 27 and lower brackets 28 arranged. As shown in FIG Enlargement of the combustion chamber volume an increase in the above to reach the higher output limit of the boiler output range, a removable horizontal refractory insert plate 29 can be placed on the side walls of the combustion chamber and adjoins the boiler door and is at a distance from the rear wall of the combustion chamber so that one from the back Lower combustion chamber end, second boiler leading to the front draft occurs in the combustion chamber, which increases the load on the combustion chamber due to increased convection and increased radiation

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7 5 1 Π 7 8

The increase in the flue gas side of the heating system, which occurs with the upper room insert, is small, but the upper insert plate is expediently removed for medium and k: lines to be delivered. In the case of very small outputs in the range of the lower output limit of the boiler 3, a removable lower fireproof bin plate 30 is placed on the lower brackets 28, as shown in FIG 5 Covered at a certain distance. This lower bin-inserting plate deactivates the lower combustion chamber wall 15 with regard to a heat transfer to the boiler water in order to achieve in this way that the exhaust gas temperature door does not fall below a desired lower setpoint at very low outputs. For this purpose, an intermediate insulation, for example made of fireclay, can also be inserted between the lower insert plate 30 and the lower combustion chamber wall 15. The lower insert plate 30 can be heated to embers by the burner flame. As a result, there is also complete burnout of unburned oil splashes which fall down onto the glowing insert plate 30, which prevents unburned hydrocarbons or oil derivatives and carbon monoxide from being formed and carried out with the exhaust gases.

As FIG. 4 shows, the lower brackets 28 also serve to place a removable fire grate in the combustion chamber

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31 with a supporting grate 32 supporting a solid fuel bed to the boiler door 2 and the boiler to switch to an auxiliary firing with solid fuel. The Feußrrost 31 as well as the Vorstellrost 32 have a Distance from the boiler door 2. Into the burner opening 3 The Keosel door is used for solid fuel operation, with the burner removed or swiveled away, an air supply pipe 33 with an adjustable throttle valve 34 removably inserted. With the air supply pipe 33 is a Guide plate 35 held together easily mountable on the inside of the boiler door 2, which forms a vertical channel 36, which is connected to the air supply pipe 33, between the Ke s door 2 and the grate 31, which down into the space between the grate 31 and the lower wall 15 of the combustion chamber 5 leads. From this room The combustion air then rises below the fire grate 31 through the fire grate and through the solid fuel bed up. With the aid of the air supply pipe 33 and the guide plate 35 forming the channel 36 leading downwards becomes the burner opening required for burner operation 3 of the boiler door 2 immediately used as an adjustable air inlet for the introduction of combustion air in solid fuel operation, so that the same boiler door can be used for burner operation and solid fuel operation.

The through the grate onto the lower combustion chamber wall 15 Falling ashes can be easily removed after swiveling the boiler door ▼ on the roof-shaped and bent downwards ▼ he stiff furnace wall can be pulled off.

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The four peripheral walls 8, 10 and 15 of the combustion chamber are on the open combustion chamber provided with outwardly angled palms 37, which due to the special design of the pressure-stable reinforcement are maintained can be bent effortlessly from straight or at least essentially straight sheet metal plate edges. These angled edge surfaces 37 are with the four peripheral walls 9, 11 and 16 of the boiler outer body 1 in the vicinity thereof also straight sheet metal edges watertight welds. The boiler door 2 has on its inside a sealing element 3d. In the area of this seal should be. tes 38 are the angled edge surfaces 37 with a pressed-in and arched sealing bead towards the boiler door 39 provided, which at the same time when bending the edge surfaces can be pressed in. Since the sealing element 38 almost only rests linearly on the sealing beads 39 occurs a high and therefore perfectly gas-tight seal even without high forces being expended when closing the boiler door Surface pressure between the sealing element 38 of the boiler door and the seal formed by the sealing beads en 39 area of the heating boiler.

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Claims (9)

Interliz institution in Vaduz »Liechtenstein Heating boiler
Claims / 1. ^ Heating boiler with a horizontal combustion chamber * with a rectangular cross section and closed at the rear end a boiler outer body which surrounds the combustion chamber and has a rectangular cross-section, which is open at its front The end is closed by a KesseltUre, velche a burner opening for one opening into the combustion chamber Has burner, and with one arranged between the upper walls of the combustion chamber and the boiler outer body Nachschaltheizkanal which is connected at its front end to the combustion chamber and at its rear end to a flue gas collector on the rear wall of the boiler outer body, characterized in that the im substantial flat, rectangular sheet metal plates with straight edges existing side and top and rear Walls of the combustion chamber (5) and the boiler outer body (1) each with a single large area and over the largest Surface part of the wall extending trough-shaped indentation (14) are provided and that the lower walls (15 or 16) of the combustion chamber and the boiler outer body are designed to be bent downwards in the shape of a roof from their side walls. 2. Heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that & 9.1977 »098? 1/0317 ORIGINAL INSPECTED the trough-shaped indentation on the upper wall (11) of the boiler outer body is curved inwards and the indentations on the other walls (9, 13) of the boiler outer body and on the walls (8, 10, 12) of the combustion chamber are arched on the outside. 3. Heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that at a distance below the upper wall (1O) of the combustion chamber a horizontal refractory insert plate (29) is detachably arranged, which is attached to the side walls (8) of the Combustion chamber and adjoins the KesseltUre (2) and is at a distance from the rear wall (12) of the combustion chamber. 4. Heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that brackets (28) are attached below the burner opening (3) of the boiler door on the combustion chamber side walls (8) and on these brackets a horizontal, the lower wall (15) of the combustion chamber overlapping at a certain distance refractory insert plate (30) is detachably arranged. 5. Heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that below the burner opening (3) of the boiler door to the Combustion chamber side walls (8) consoles (28) are attached and on these consoles a grate (31) for solid fuel is detachably arranged at a distance from the KesseltUre (2), and that in the burner opening of the boiler door an air supply pipe (33) with an adjustable 909821/0317 ble throttle valve (34) is used, to which a between the boiler door and the fire grate in the room " between the grate and the lower wall (15) of the combustion chamber leading vertical channel (36) connects. 6. A heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the Nachschaltheizkanal (6) of two elongated, in cross-section comb-like profiles (17, 18) is formed _f whose rib-like webs (19) extending in the longitudinal direction of the profile face each other and the two of them lateral separating joints (20) between the outermost comb-like webs are tightly connected to one another to form a box-shaped hollow body. 7. Heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the Nachschaltheizkanal (6) from the rear wall (13) of the boiler outer body (1) protrudes and the flue gas collector at the protruding end of the auxiliary heating duct (7) is fixed at a distance from the rear wall of the boiler outer body. 8. Heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that that the four walls (8, 10, 13) forming the periphery of the combustion chamber at the open end of the combustion chamber have outwardly angled edge surfaces (37), which with the four the Circumference of the boiler outer body forming walls (9, 11, 16) are connected watertight and in the area of one on the 909821/0317 Inside the boiler door (2) arranged sealing element (38) a pressed-in, towards the boiler door have curved sealing bead (39). 9. Heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the boiler outer J-ttrper (1) on its rear wall (13) two arranged on the side edges of the rear wall Flow connector (23) and below it also two rear loudspeakers arranged on the side edges of the rear wall (24) and that the two return ports open into a space in the boiler water space which is divided off by a return baffle (25) and which can only be used in the middle (26) of its upper horizontal edge is open to the boiler water space. 9098? 1/0317