DE2635442A1 - MULTI-GEAR TRANSMISSION HUB FOR DRIVING BIKES O.DGL. - Google Patents

Description

FICHTEL & SACHS AO - SCHWEINFURT PATENT AND USED SAMPLESHZLFSANNBLDUNa Multi-speed transmission hub for bicycles or the like «

The invention relates to a multi-speed transmission hub for bicycles o. The like * with one housed in the hub shell, one Drivers, a single planetary gear and clutch as well Schalteinriehtungen overturning gear system, the hub drive can be guided via two torque paths and can be influenced via two holding means.

A multi-speed transmission hub for bicycles is already known, in which an automatic gear change is effected depending on the drive speed by means of a centrifugal switch will. In this hub, a manually operated device is also provided, by means of which the automatic change of gear can be blocked * It is then - regardless of the drive speed - the drive of the hub only possible either in one or in the other gear. In this configuration of a multi-speed transmission hub, it is below Circumstances annoying that one circuit has to be done separately by hand. (DBP 1 964 866)

The invention lies inter alia. the task is to create a multi-speed transmission hub that does not require any manual operation can be switched.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the one switching means as a centrifugal force holding device and the other Sehaltmittel is designed as a backstep Sohalteinriehtung * with With this embodiment it is achieved, among other things, that the multi-speed transmission hub according to the invention is universal, i. i.e. without the Drive must be interrupted, and switchable without any manual operation on the part of the user of the bicycle equipped with it is.

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Advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are specified in the subclaims "

The invention is set out in the following description and the graphic representation of exemplary embodiments.

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1 shows a multi-speed transmission hub in longitudinal section;

Figures 2 through 16 are schematic representations of different ones Embodiments of a multi-speed translation hub according to the invention.

In Fig. 1, 1 is the hub shaft and 2 is the sleeve Multi-speed hub called. This hub axle 1 carries bearing cones 4 and 5, on which bearing shells 9 via roller bearings 6 or 7 and 8 and IO are arranged. These bearing brackets are each on the right or left side with the hub sleeve 2 lying on the opposite side connected, for example by pressing in or screwing in. The bearing shell 10 is provided with an axial extension, which protrudes into the hub sleeve 2, which in turn has internal ratchet teeth 11, for engaging the ratchet mechanism to be described, which is therefore referred to as the driver shell.

The multi-speed hub is driven by the driver 3, the is mounted on the bearing cone 4. The driver also serves as a planetary gear carrier and has planetary gear axles 12, carry the planet gears 13, which in turn roll on a sun gear 14, which in turn is in a corresponding axial Approach of the bearing cone 4 is incised. The driver 3, which at the same time forms the planet gear rager, is non-rotatably connected to a coaxial drive sleeve 15 by means of a plug-in coupling 16, which is rotatably mounted on the hub axle 1. This drive sleeve 15 carries on the end adjacent to the driver shell 10 non-rotatably a pawl carrier 17 with pawls 18, welohe are brought into engagement by a spring clamping ring in the internal locking 11 of the driver shell 10 in the hub shell 2 and the can cause direct drive of the hub shell.

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The aforementioned planet gears 13 drive a ring gear 20, which is independently rotatably mounted with a sleeve-shaped extension 20a on the drive sleeve. This ring gear attachment 20a in turn carries a centrifugal holding device (centrifugal switch) 21. The pawls 22 assigned to this centrifugal switch engage in a concentric internal locking ring X driver ring) 2 ^, this driver ring in turn being coupled to the internal locking toothing 11 of the driver shell part 10. The pawls 22 dea centrifugal switch 21 are under tension by a spring clamping ring and are released to engage the driver ring 25 when a switching disk 23 is in the appropriate position. The position of the Schaltseheibe 23 is determined by dtr dependent Antreiberdrehzahl position of the pivoting centrifugal weights of the centrifugal switch-RT) hese pawls 22 can be influenced also in the sense of disengaging or switching from a Steuerbuehse 2 ¹ I, which engages over the pawls 22 axially partially and is provided with inner control profiles of different deflection. This control sleeve 24 is rotatably arranged axially next to the pawls 22 on the drive sleeve and is in frictional connection with the pawl carrier 17 on the drive sleeve 15 via a friction spring ring 19.

A reverse rotation of this control sleeve 24 for the purpose of influencing the pawls 22 can be via the driver 3 through a back pedal switching movement can be initiated on the pedals.

This above-described embodiment of a multi-speed transmission hub has the following mode of operation:

When the driver 3 is driven at a relatively low speed, the centrifugal switch 21 is also rotated, which Engaging speed of the Fliehgewiohte is higher, so that the Centrifugal switch as such remains at rest, the pawls of the pawl carrier 17 on the drive sleeve 15 lead alone the drive torque directly on the internal toothing 11 of the driver shell 10 and thus on the hub sleeve 2. This is in the Normal gear driven.

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When the drive speed is increased by the driver, the Centrifugal switch 21 attached to the faster rotating ring gear according to its design Locking pawls 22 are released by the switching disk 23 to engage the opposing toothed locking mechanism of the driver ring 25; the torque is transmitted from the with the Rotary shaft of the ring gear rotating centrifugal switch 21 * on the Hub sleeve 2. The hub then revolves in a sonar gear. The pawls 17 on the drive which previously passed on the drive - slower as the ring gear revolving - drive sleeve 15 are overtaken by the hub sleeve 2.

With the aid of the afore-described back-pedal switching device with parts 15, 17, 19 and 24, the user of the bicycle equipped with the hub according to the invention can now act on the aforementioned centrifugal release device. For this purpose it is only necessary to move the driver 3 and thus the drive sleeve 15 and thus also the pawl carrier 17 backwards with a backward movement - the pawls 18 run freely in the interior 11 of the driver shell 10 the control sleeve 24 rotated back, while the pawls 22 of the centrifugal switch 21 are rotated back more quickly via the - likewise rotating back, but sehn'.Tlsr running - ring gear. As a result of these speed ratios, the pawls 22 on the centrifugal switch 21 relative to the control socket 24 are rotated The pawls could swivel out unhindered, so with the aforementioned rotation of the 3teuerbuch.ee sum centrifugal switch, the one with the small radial deflection is now brought into operative connection with the pawls 22 in accordance with the sequence of the control profiles, with the result that the pawls are now swiveled surüok and, if this were in engagement in the driver ring 25, to be brought into engagement. The hub shell 2 is now driven, regardless of the drive speed, via the pawls 18 on the? always slower than the ring gear 20 revolving drive sleeve 15 because - as geeohildert - via the control sleeve 24, if necessary via the

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Centrifugal switch 21 released for engagement pawls 22 be held back.

This switching state also remains when starting up again, unless the return switch was previously used again actuated, causing the pawls 22 to engage again released according to the drive speed. However, starting always takes place in low gear (normal gear) and If the drive speed is appropriate, the hub gear automatically switches over to the so-called. Overdrive. If the user does not want this switchover under certain circumstances, then it is for him with the one according to the invention Design of the multi-speed gear ratio hub is easily possible, in the manner described by a simple backshift to make the speed-dependent automatic switch ineffective. The hub can then, i. i.e. until the next one Activation of the back pedal shift, always in the same gear be driven. In the event of a back pedaling movement, the blocking of the centrifugal switch 21 is released, in any case but the approach takes place in the small gear of the hub.

With the design of the multi-speed transmission hub according to the invention i * also got the convenience of the back-pedal shift hub alone, namely to be switchable at any time, and that of the centrifugal shift hub, namely always after each stop to be able to start again in small gear, connected. The user such a hub according to the invention can choose between two switching options, the circuit only with the Feet, without the help of any hand.

The structure of the hub designed according to the invention can also be chosen so that, contrary to the described mode of operation, namely by pressing the back pedal switchgear the slow one Engage gear by blocking the centrifugal switch, the reverse ^ switching device from the normal gear Engages overdrive. For this purpose, the tax book »24 would have to be designed in such a way that that the control profiles are aulgebilden as outer profiles, which on appropriately designed pawls of the centrifugal switch act with regard to spring washer and switching disk.

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The hub shown is not equipped with a brake, but it is possible to attach a coaster brake. It is also possible to provide a band or disk brake on the hub, which is operated by Hand operated.

After the above from the embodiments of a multi-speed hub According to the invention a preferred embodiment has been described in detail, further embodiments are hereinafter a multi-speed hub corresponding to the solution system is only briefly described with reference to the schematic representations according to FIGS.

In the embodiments shown schematically in FIGS. 2 to 16, the following components are consistently designated: the hub axle with 30, the hub sleeve with 31 * the driver with 32, the drive sleeve with 33, the planet carrier with 34, The planetary gears and the sun gear on the hub axle are not specially marked, the ring gear to the single planetary gear is marked with 35 »the centrifugal weights of the centrifugal switch are marked with 36, the associated switching disk with 37, the ratchet pawls that can be actuated by the centrifugal switch with 38, the one that works with it Internal toothing of the hub sleeve with 39, the control bushing of the coaster switching device with 40, the associated friction spring ring with 41, with 42 the pawls of the constantly engaged located system, on whose pawl carrier the friction spring 4l is supported, with 43 the internal toothing of the hub sleeve 31 which interacts with the pawls 42.

Figures 2 to 4 show embodiments of a multi-speed transmission hub in which the two pawl systems are arranged in the torque flow behind the planetary gear, while the Umsohaltelement (back pedal switching device) has different points of attack with the same effect.

Fig. 2 shows a multi-speed hub in which the drive from the driver 32 on the one hand via a drive sleeve 33 coupled to the driver on the hub axle 30 to a pawl carrier is passed on with pawls 42, which in turn engage in the internal toothing 45 of the hub shell 31. A friction spring 41 is connected to the pawl carrier on one side, which on a control socket 40 of a back pedal switching device

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attacks. This control bushing can be based on flyweights 36 A centrifugal switch attached to an approach of the ring gear 35 act. These flyweights 36 control in the inactive position the control socket 40 via a switching disk 37 a system of pawls 38, which can possibly come into engagement with an internal toothing 43 of the hub sleeve 31.

While in the example according to FIG. 2, the switching element (control socket 40) on the flyweights 36 of the centrifugal switching device 3 shows the action of the control sleeve 40 on the pawls 38 of the centrifugal switch. This embodiment has been described in detail with reference to FIG.

Fig. 4 shows the action of the control sleeve 40 as a switching element on the switching disk 37 of the centrifugal switch. The switching disk has axially directed pins that pass axially through the area of the flyweights 36 reach through to the control sleeve 40.

Figures 5 to 7 show another structure of an inventive Hub in which the two shifting devices, centrifugal and back pedal shifting, with the associated pawls 38 resp. 42 are arranged between driver 32 and planetary gear 34. The pawls 42, which engage in the toothing 43 of the hub sleeve 31 at, are directly connected to the driver 32 Normal drive. The centrifugal switch for the drive in Overdrive is also arranged here on the shoulder of the ring gear 35, which is located axially on the left-hand side of the planetary gear is driven.

Fig. 5 shows the arrangement of the actuatable by a back-pedal circuit Control sleeve 40, which can influence the flyweights 36.

Fig. 6 shows another arrangement of the control sleeve 40, which acts on the pawls 38 of the centrifugal switch.

In Fig. 7 an embodiment is shown in which the control sleeve acts on the switching disk 37 of the centrifugal switch,

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this can be influenced by means of pins projecting axially through the area of the flyweights.

In the figures 8 to 10 a hub embodiment is shown, in which the pawls 42 in torque flow in front of the planetary gear and the pawls 38 are provided behind this. The driver 32 is connected to the normal gear pawls 42, which engage in the internal toothing 43 of the hub shell 31. The ring gear 35 carries on its approach the centrifugal switch 36, the pawls 38 in the internal teeth 39 of the hub shell can intervene, to the son's gang. The control bushing 40, which can be actuated by means of a back-pedal mechanism, is rotatably arranged on the hub axle 30 and About the friction spring 41 with the - seen axially left - bearing shell frictionally connected. When turning back of the driver 32 is also via the planetary gear Centrifugal switch turned back. The relative movement in relation to the hub sleeve, which continues to rotate or, if necessary, is stationary has a switching effect of the control socket.

In the example of FIG. 8, this control bushing 40 can be applied to the flyweights 36 and thus act on the centrifugal switch with the pawls 38.

Fig. 9 shows the engagement of the control sleeve 40 directly on the pawls 38 of the centrifugal switch.

Fig. 10 shows the configuration of a multi-turn hub, in which the control sleeve 40 via axial elements on the switching disk 37 of the centrifugal switch 36 can act.

A further embodiment of a multi-speed hub according to the invention is shown schematically in FIGS. 11 to 13, in which In contrast to the examples according to FIGS. 1-10, not always started in normal gear and, if necessary, switched to overdrive is approached, but in the so-called mountain gear and then using the centrifugal force according to the drive speed reached switch can be switched to normal gear. The pawls are located in the torque flow behind the planetary gear. The torque flow goes from the driver 32 to the directly coupled ring gear 35 »which is also here with the centrifugal force

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switch 36 is connected. (The centrifugal switch is on these Embodiments designed for a different reverse speed I) Simultaneously with the ring gear 35, the planetary gear carrier 34 is driven - more slowly - via the planetary gear, which is connected to a drive sleeve 33, which in turn has the pawl carrier with the pawls 42, which are connected to the internal toothing 43 of the Hub sleeve 31 are constantly in engagement. The drive sleeve 33 also carries the control sleeve 40, which via the Priktionsfeder Ml with the carrier of the pawls 42 frictionally connected is. According to the design of the centrifugal guard 36 does not respond at low drive speed, the Torque flow goes from the planet gear carrier 34 via the drive sleeve 33 to the hub sleeve 31, which is driven more slowly in the so-called mountain gear »

When the drive speed is increased accordingly, the centrifugal switch responds, the pawls 38 engage in the internal toothing 39 of the sleeve 31, this is driven in the so-called normal gear, while the pawls 42 are overtaken by the latter. This switching state can be in the manner already described can be canceled by pressing the return switch, d. H., then you see the so-called mountain passage again.

FIG. 11 shows a mountain normal gear ratio of this type. Hub is designed so that the control sleeve 40 can act on the flyweights 36.

In the example according to FIG. 12, the control bushing 40 is in operative connection with the pawls 38 of the centrifugal switch.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 13, the control bushing 40 acts the switching disk 37 via corresponding axial extensions, whereby the switchover can take place in the manner already described.

The schematic figures 14 to 16 show embodiments of a mountain normal gear ratio hub according to the invention, in which the Ratchets 38, 42 are provided on both sides of the planetary gear, d. that is, the centrifugal switch 36 is directly connected to the The driver 32 is coupled, the torque is transmitted to the ring gear 35 via an axial attachment and thus to the planetary gear

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guided, the planet gear carrier 3k is connected to the carrier of the pawls 42 to drive the hub sleeve 31 under reduced pressure. In this embodiment, the control bushing kO is rotatably mounted on the hub axle 30 and frictionally connected to the planetary gear carrier via the friction spring Ml.

Fig. Ik shows an embodiment in which the control sleeve MO can act on the flyweights 38; for this purpose, axially directed lugs are provided which can reach through the switching disk 37 to the flyweights 36.

15 shows the embodiment in which the control sleeve kO can act directly on the pawls 38 of the centrifugal switch.

Fig. 16 shows at a prescribed multi-speed Übersetzungsnabe the possibility of the control sleeve kO to shift flange 37 of the centrifugal switch act to blank.

21. k. 1976
TIP-3 Schu / whm-

709886/0399

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS Multi-speed translation hub for bicycles or the like with a single driver housed in the hub shell Planetary gear and clutch as well as switching devices comprehensive gear system, the hub drive via two Torque paths can be guided and influenced via two switching means, characterized in that the one switching means as Centrifugal switching device and the other switching means is designed as a back-pedal Sehalteinrichtung. 2. Multi-speed transmission hub according to claim 1, characterized in that that the back pedal switching device (19, 24) is in operative connection with the centrifugal switching device (21, 22, 23) stands. 3. Multi-speed translation hub according to claim 1, characterized in that that the switchover element (24, control socket) which can be actuated by the coaster switching device on the pawls (22) of the centrifugal switching device (21, centrifugal switch) acts. 4. Multi-speed translation hub according to claim 1, characterized in that that both the pawls (22) of the drive which can be translated by means of the centrifugal switch (21) and the Pawls (17) of the direct drive in the torque flow of the Nbbenantriebes provided after the planetary gear (12, 13, 14, 20) are. 5. Multi-speed translation hub according to claim 1, characterized that the resignation switching device when it comes into effect on the centrifugal switch (21) a translation increase in the torque flow between driver (3) and hub shell (2) enables. 6. Multi-speed translation hub according to claim 1, characterized in that that the ratchet mechanism (18) for normal gear on one with the planetary gear carrier (3, driver) coupled and is arranged on the hub axle (1) rotatably mounted drive sleeve (15). 709886/0399 ' ² ~ 2635U2 7. Multi-speed translation hub according to claim 1, characterized in that that the centrifugal switch (21) can be influenced by the pawls (22) for the translated gear on one approach (2Oa) of the ring gear (20) are provided. 8. Multi-speed translation hub according to claim 5, characterized in that that the control element (2M, control sleeve) which can be actuated by the coaster switching device is rotatably mounted on the drive sleeve (15) and on it by means of a friction spring (19) on the pawl carrier (1?) Opposite the pawl carrier (22) of the centrifugal switch (21) frictionally is held. 9. Multi-speed transmission hub according to claim I _3, characterized in that both the direct drive from the driver (3) transmitting, on the drive sleeve (15) non-rotatably arranged pawls (17) and the centrifugal switch (21) influenceable pawls (22 ) engage in the same internal toothing (11) connected to the hub shell (2). 10. Multi- speed transmission hub according to claim 9, characterized in that the internal toothing (11) connected to the hub sleeve (2) is formed by a component (10, driver shell) which extends axially far into the hub sleeve body and rotatably connects to the hub sleeve (2) . 11. Multi-speed translation hub according to claim 1, characterized in that that the switchover element (40, control socket), which can be actuated by the back pedal switching device, acts on the flyweights the centrifugal switch device (36, centrifugal switch) acts. 12. Multi-speed translation hub according to claim 1, characterized in that that the switchover element (40, control socket) which can be actuated by the back pedal switching device on the switching disk (37) of the centrifugal hold device (36, centrifugal switch) acts. - 3 709886/0399 2635U2 13 · Multi-speed transmission hub according to claim 1, characterized in that that both the pawls (38) which can be achieved by means of the centrifugal switch (36) translated Drive and the pawls (42) of the direct drive in the torque flow of the hub drive in front of the planetary gear (34, 35) are provided. 14. Multi-speed transmission hub according to claim 1, characterized in that that the pawls (42) of the direct drive in the torque flow in front of the planetary gear (34, 35) and the pawls (38) which can be translated by means of the centrifugal switch device (36, centrifugal switch) Drive the planetary gear (34, 35) are provided downstream. 15. Multi-speed transmission hub according to claim 1 and one of claims 12 _s I3 or 14, characterized in that the drive of the hub is driven by releasing the centrifugal weight (21, 36) of the centrifugal switch by means of the control bushing (24 , 40) is now enabled in overdrive after exclusively normal gear. 16. Multi-speed translation hub according to claim 1 and each one of claims 12, 13 or 14, characterized in that that the drive of the hub by releasing the flyweights (36) of the centrifugal switch by means of the Resignation switching device influenceable control socket (40) after exclusive mountain gear now in normal gear is made possible. April 21, 1976
TIP-3 Schu / whm- 709886/0399