DE2460996C3 - Device for dosing granular, powdery or highly viscous substances - Google Patents

Description

verden, inaccuracies in the dosage and errors) on the manufactured products are the result,

A known device of this type (DT-OS 19 47 405), in which the openings as in the vicinity the edge of the metering wheel lying cylindrical s openings are formed, has a clearing element downwardly resilient plunger, which is intended to eject the dosing material located in the openings. Such an arrangement requires a relatively large effort for the control and actuation mechanism of the ram. In order to ensure complete emptying of the openings in each case reach, the plunger must be guided closely in the openings. This makes the production more expensive and the Operation of the device difficult. A trouble-free process is only guaranteed if the drive of the metering wheel takes place at low speed or intermittently.

From GB-PS 11 71 088 is a discharge device known, in which a spring bar fastened to a transverse rod in the material space of the storage container engages from above in a screw conveyor rotating around a horizontal axis and thereby im is deflected substantially in the axial direction. The spring bar carries fork-shaped or similarly shaped Loosening organs that protrude into the goods stored in the storage container and when the Spring rod like a tuning fork are made to vibrate. You should have the goods in the material room loosen up and thus maintain or improve the flow to the screw conveyor. One The clearing effect on the goods transported in the aisles of the auger is with the spring bar neither intended nor possible due to the arrangement in the storage container.

The object of the invention is to create a simple structure and at the same time effective Clearing organ.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the openings of the metering wheel in known Way are open to the circumference of the metering wheel and that the clearing element is movable in the direction of the Axis of the dosing wheel to be resiliently mounted, for resilient contact on the circumference of the dosing wheel or the Outer surfaces of the openings is formed and arranged and by the metering wheel against the Spring force is movable.

The clearing element slides along the circumference of the metering wheel when the egg is found and then engages below the spring force automatically enters the openings and clears them out in the process. So it won't be an additional one Effort required for the actuation and control of the clearing element; this takes place through the circumferential Automatic dosing wheel. Despite the very simple structure, the openings can be completely emptied can be guaranteed even with substances that are very difficult to dose.

While with a correspondingly flat design of the perforations, the clearing element simply only radially could be performed, it is particularly advantageous if a guide is provided for the clearing element, which has at least one section running obliquely to the radius of the metering wheel. This guide that can advantageously be arranged adjacent to the metering wheel, ensures that even with openings, the jacket surface sections, which run almost radially to the metering wheel, have the clearing element automatically runs along these lateral surfaces. The movement of the clearing element then arises necessary radial component due to the incline for guidance.

This inclined section can contain a rounding or be such. A rounding is particularly advantageous when the openings are in the form of segments of a circle. at of such an opening, the lateral surface runs particularly steeply in the area of the circumference and would be there then when guiding the most beveled section, so that this then on the clearing element exerts sufficient, outwardly urging force.

If the opening, as is the case, for example, with a round opening, in yours Central section has lateral surfaces that have only a slight slope compared to the circumferential line, then it is advantageous if the guide moves in the direction of the axis of the metering wheel inclined or rounded portion adjoining, has substantially radially extending portion. The guide can then advantageously be designed as a slot that widens outwards. Here can the sloping or rounded section is a second, sloping or rounded section on the other side Opposite section. By expanding to the outside, the clearing organ after it is at the run along inclined guide and thus in the circumferential direction with respect to its inner position is shifted, spring back as soon as it has reached the circumference of the metering wheel. If then the next When breakthrough comes, the clearing element can spring radially inward, whereby it is on the lateral surfaces of the Breakthrough running along. It then no longer needs to make any movement against the direction of rotation. The inclined or rounded one effective in the main direction of rotation in the advantageous embodiment Section opposite second such section creates emergency running properties for the device, d. H. It is ensured that even in the case of an accidental or conscious drive against the normal direction of rotation, the clearing element is properly guided without causing interference. Since you Advantageously, the bevel or rounding of the second section can be chosen differently than that of the opposite first section, it is also possible to use this bevel for a different size and shape of breakthroughs to be provided. The metering device could then use the same clearing element despite Use two different metering wheels for best adaptation to the shape of the openings Drive then takes place in the opposite direction.

The clearing element can advantageously both in the radial direction and in the circumferential direction of the dispensing element be resiliently flexible. This ensures that the clearing element automatically returns to its starting position returns after walking along the inclined guide for a long time. It can preferably be Spring action in the circumferential direction be stronger than ir radial direction, so that the clearing element is ir Circumferential direction does not behave unstably.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the clearing element is a rod which is attached to a fixed part Device is attached. It can be a round bar. The staff can essentially Rope arranged parallel to the axis of the metering wheel This allows it to be inside the storage container run and does not require any additional space. The rod can be designed to be self-resilient and / or

be resilient. Particularly preferred is the self-resilient as well as the resilient one Attachment. The rod can advantageously be attached to the rubber spring element vulcanized to it Device be attached. This element takes on the function of storage and creates at the same time a certain spring force.

In the preferred embodiment, a second guide for the rod is provided between the first guide and the attachment of the rod is arranged on the device. The second lead is advantageously a guide running in the radial direction of the metering wheel. Execution creates at the same time two advantages. On the one hand, the second guide ensures that the guide runs smoothly and without chattering as much as possible Creation of leadership for the rod and on the other hand, the second guide ensures that the circumferential direction effective spring length of the self-resilient rod is shortened and possibly the spring action of the Rubber spring element is turned off. As a result, the rod acts like a clamped one in the circumferential direction self-resilient rod. In this way it is ensured in a particularly simple manner that the Spring action in the circumferential direction is stronger than in the radial direction.

It has been shown that the clearing effect of the openings is particularly complete when the clearing element is in contact with the brain at least in the area of the rear lateral surfaces of the openings in the direction of rotation. At F i g. 4 the clearing element according to the invention partly in view, partly in axial section, on a larger scale,

F i g. 5 a clearing element and its leadership in a front view,

F i g. 6 shows a section along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5, Fig. 7 is a plan view of the guide according to FIG. 5, partly in cut.

The metering device nat a stationary ίο storage container 1, which consists of a lower part 2 and a at this z. B. by means of quick release fasteners (not shown) detachably fixed cylindrical Upper part 3 consists. In the upper part 3, an intermediate wall 4 is permanently installed, which at its lower End of a scraper 5 carries. The bottom 6 of the lower part 2 has an outlet opening 7 into a Hopper 8 of a mixer or a processing machine opens. The lower part 2 of the storage container 1 is tightly connected to the funnel 8 in a known manner.

Immediately above the bottom 6 of the lower part 2 of the storage container 1 is a about a vertical axis 9 rotatable metering wheel 10 is arranged. The metering wheel 10 has several equidistant from one another

arranged openings 11. The openings 11 are in the outlet position through the am Upper part 3 of the storage container 1 attached partition 4 completed at the top. Also lie the openings 11 and the outlet opening 7 in the

Dosing material in this convert eiwus. .. ^. _ö . ...

these outer surfaces first for baking. The rod can therefore advantageously be arranged or at its free end be angled so that it is at least in the area of the rear in the direction of rotation Areas of the perforations rests against them in line contact. So it is possible both to arrange the entire rod at a slight angle, or the rest essentially in the axial direction arranged rod to be angled at its free end to the appropriate inclination. The size of the Angling depends on the shapes of the openings and the guide. The bend can be made

gen and eggs i-uiiiung u ^. . .

for this reason different sizes and in u > ■ 1. - n: "i ...."",,"nr> iwnndiss. As Kr'ilei

aas i \ uuiiiui5u .. <- «

development of the rear lateral surfaces of the perforations in the uurcnDieuiuiigen ·· u., _uu .v ■ ^

is essentially in line contact with this. At 30 the same radial distance from the axis 9 of the
When the metering wheel revolves, the metering wheel 10 is compressed and can therefore be superimposed on one another
Dosage something in this area and therefore tends to be brought on. In the embodiment, the

.-... "ΛηΚηηΐίΡη. The rod has openings as towards the circumference of the metering wheel

open cells, roughly semicircular in cross-section formed with cylindrical outer surfaces 12. The openings can also have a rectangular, trapezoidal or another cross-section or downwards, d. H. to the outlet port expand conically.

The metering wheel 10 is in the lower part 2 of the VorniislH-hiil ters 1 stored in the usual way and is driven by an electric motor, not shown.

On the wall 13 of the upper part 3 of the reservoir 1 is, at a distance above the metering wheel, as Räumstab formed clearing member 14 elastically mounted. The clearing element 14 (see particularly FIG. 4) is off Fcdcrstahldraht made and has at its upper

the deflection of the spatial organ from its L.agc end 15 on a rubber body 16. The rubber body parallel to the axis of the metering wheel or parallel to the 16, which includes a fastening disk 17, is with Outer surfaces of the perforations should cancel, jo this and with the upper end 15 Ucb Rauimubes which the broach in the mentioned area experienced connected by vulcanization. The determination

be 17 has two threaded holes 18, 19 through which the clearing element is attached to the storage container 1 with screws 20, 21. The RHumstab is, as shown in FIGS. I unc 4 emerges, for reasons explained in more detail below, angled at its lower free end 22 Immediately above the upper end face of the metering wheel 10 is a guide body 23 by means of screw ci ung 24, 25 on the wall 13 of the upper part 3 de ... and of the 60 storage container 1 set. In order to get cheap sliding drawings. Achieving friction will be the lead! Body 23 made of a plastic, preferably a polyamide, made, it is a closed rectangle

purifies. It shows Scr frames with side walls 25, 26 and a <

F i g. I a part of a metering device in the longitudinal upper end wall 27 and a lower end wall 3 cut, trained. In the wall 13 of the upper part 3 di

- · ... 1-j-i -.- UIi-IiHnrPin. 1. Storage container 1 facing end faces 29, 30 di

Side walls 25, 26 are customary Gcwlndecinsätzc 31,>

di

^{has <} Mu r. hu Ahwinklun «also in the area

If it is advantageous the bend! «™» π ue

the first tour protrudes «'»' .am * mj this one Area where the leadership ^ jJ "^ J ^^ nV ensured that a line contact and mcni η r a point contact between the rod and the bunrung

is present. ",.", ",. _{of the} invention

Further advantages and features of the Ertinaung

result from the U ^ Ä ^ description in the? " ^sam ^ ^h . ^a " ^g _rf ^m J _nh ^d _a ^e Ä

The invention is . ^^^ SS £ Si close drawing shown AubrünrungsDeispie. "

explained. It shows
i I i Ti

11-11 of Fig. 1,

for the engagement of the screws 24,25 with cast.

The end walls 27 and 28 of the guide body 23 point towards the wall 13 of the storage container 1 which are open Guides 33 and 34 in the form of grooves in which the clearing element 14 is guided. The depth of the two Guides 33,34 is larger than the entire path that the clearing element 14 when engaging in one of the Passes through openings U of the metering wheel 10 in the radial direction (see in particular FIGS. 2 and 3).

While the particular in FIGS. 2 and 7 to be recognized guide 33 essentially as an in radial direction of the Doiserrad running, parallel-walled delimited slot is extended that shown in detail in FIGS lower guide 34 in the area of the outer circumference of the doser wheel 10. This guide 34 thus has a parallel-walled, slot-shaped section 38, which the clearing member, as shown in Figure 3, in The area of greatest depth of the perforations 11 leads. This slit area 38 closes obliquely Sections 39 and 39 ', which result in a funnel-shaped extension of the guide 34. Thereby gehl d ;; r Section 39 with a curve in an inclined section that extends into the area of the outer circumference of the metering wheel runs in essentially the same slope.

Your first sloping or rounded one Section 39 opposite section 39 'is shorter in the circumferential direction than the section 39. When Embodiment, the section 39 'consists of a large rounding that begins in the same area as the rounding of the opposite section 39. The transition can also be in a further outside or start inside area.

When the metering device is in operation, the metering wheel 10 rotates at a constant speed around the vertical axis 9, namely in the direction of arrow 40. The metered material introduced into the storage container from above by hand or by means of a special loading device falls into the openings 11 of the container as a result of gravity Dosing wheel 10 and fills this out. The scraper 5, which rests on the upper face of the metering wheel 10, prevents the metered material from entering the space under the partition 4 and also favors the filling of the openings 11. are, the metered material falls down into the funnel 8 of the mixer or the processing machine, the complete emptying of the openings is ensured when the metering of poorly or non-sensitive substances through the rotary element 14.

When the metering wheel 10 rotates, the rotary element 14, which due to its spring action is normally in the position shown in FIG. 3 is indicated by dot-dash lines and slides along the outer circumference of the Doiserrad, to the front edge of the opening 11 and, due to its inwardly directed spring force, slides along the outer surface 12 of the opening up to the position that g for the Rttumorgan 14 In FI. 3 is shown in solid lines .

With the further rotation of the metering wheel 10 in the direction of arrow 40, the clearing element 14 is out of the Slit area 38 pushed outward. Initially, this is mainly due to the curvature of the Jacket surfaces 12. Then, however, the clearing element comes into an area of the jacket surfaces, in which these are always increasingly approximate the direction of the radius of the metering wheel. In this area, however

ίο the clearing element 14 from the inclined section 39 out, so that the clearing element 14 is pushed obliquely outward in the direction of arrow 41 (FIG. 6). the outwardly pressing bevel is thus formed by the guide section 39, so that the clearing element 14 would run perfectly out of the opening even with a radial lateral surface. As well as that Räumorgan has reached the circumference of the metering wheel, it is under spring force again in the in F i g. 3 The central position shown in dash-dotted lines is reset.

jo It should be noted that the spring action in this Direction, d. H. in the circumferential direction, is particularly strong, since here only the self-suspension of the clearing element 14 is used, with a spring length that is only effective from the upper guide 33. The suspension in In the radial direction, however, takes place by the full length of the spring up to the rubber body 16 and is still softer in that the rubber body itself forms a resilient mounting. Through the stronger spring force in the circumferential direction, this reset takes place with security and without it to a Flutter of the clearing organ comes.

From Fig. 5 it can be seen that in the position shown there, i. H. just before the clearing organ the Opening 11 again leaves the lower end of the Räumorgans with line contact runs parallel to the cylindrical lateral surfaces 12. So this despite the illustrated resilient deflection of the clearing element is possible, the development 22 is one corresponding amount has been made. Andcrerscits can be seen from Fig.4 that the Angling is made not only in the circumferential direction, but also in the radial direction, so despite the embodiment from the in F i g. 1 position shown in the position near the circumference of the metering wheel of the lower Section 22 of the metering wheel runs exactly parallel to the Mantcllinicn. This ensures that you are in the area at the rear end of the perforations 11, which is particularly at risk of sticking a good evacuation has taken place.

So the bend 22 only takes place above the guide 34, so that also in the powerfully special; stressed area at the exit of the guide (Ir Fig. 6 position shown) the guide is not excessively stressed by Punktbclastimg. It becomes dafui

$ s Accepted that the clearing device in the rest Areas of the lateral surfaces 12 are not exactly in contact with these lateral surfaces (see FIG. 1). It's 21 recognize that instead of the bend 22 the Räumorgai also at a corresponding angle

te could be arranged, i.e. not in the idle state but in the corresponding FIG. 5 deflected state essentially parallel to the axis 9 of the Dosler wheel 1 runs.

For this purpose 4 sheets of drawings

Claims (22)

Patent claims: 1. Device for dosing granular, powdery or highly viscous substances, in particular for plastics processing machines, with a front; storage container, which has at least one outlet opening in the container bottom, with a rotatable about a vertical axis metering wheel with one or more openings, wherein the openings can be brought over the outlet opening and are closed in the outlet position by a cover fixed to the storage container at the top, and with a in the outlet position engaging in the openings clearing element for emptying the metered material, characterized in that the openings (11) of the metering wheel (10) are open in a known manner to the circumference of the metering wheel (10) and that the clearing element (14 ) in the direction of the axis (9) of the dosing wheel (10) to be resiliently mounted, designed and arranged for resilient contact on the circumference of the dosing wheel (10) or the lateral surfaces (12) of the openings (11) and by the dosing wheel (10 ) is movable against the spring force. 2. Performing according to claim 1, characterized in that that a guide (34) for the clearing element (14) is provided, which is at least one oblique to the Has the radius of the metering wheel (10) extending section (39). 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide (34) close to the Dosing wheel (10) is arranged adjacent. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the inclined portion (39) has a Contains or consists of a rounding. 5. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the inclined or rounded section (39) for guiding the clearing element (14) in the area of almost radial ones Parts of the lateral surfaces (12) of the openings (11) of the metering wheel (10) is arranged. 6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the guide (34) has a in the direction of the axis (9) of the metering wheel (10) on the inclined or rounded section (39) has an adjoining, essentially radially extending section (38). 7. Device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the guide (34) is a is an outwardly widening slot. 8. Device according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the inclined or rounded section (39), a second, sloping or rounded section towards the other side (39 ') is opposite. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the slope or rounding of the second section (39 ') is different from that of the first section (39). 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the clearing element (14) both in the radial direction and in the circumferential direction of the metering wheel (10) is resiliently movable. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the spring action in the circumferential direction is stronger than in the radial direction. 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the clearing element (14) is a rod attached to a fixed part of the device. 13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that the rod is arranged substantially parallel to the axis (9) of the metering wheel (10) . 14. Apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the rod is self-resilient . 15. Device according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the rod is resiliently mounted. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the rod is attached to the device via a rubber spring element (16) vulcanized onto it. 17. Device according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that a second Guide (33) for the rod is provided between the first guide (34) and the attachment of the rod is arranged on the device. 18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that the second guide (33) has an in radial direction of the metering wheel (10) running guide. 19. Device according to one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that the rod such arranged or angled at its free end such that it is at least in the area of in Direction of rotation of the rear lateral surfaces (12) of the openings (11) essentially of the line contact is applied to this. 20. The device according to claim 19, characterized in that the angled portion (22) in the The area of the first guide (34) protrudes. 21. Device according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the first and second guide (34,33) on a contiguous Plastic part (23) are arranged, which is mounted in the interior of the storage container (1). 22. Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the openings (11) are semicircular in a known manner are. The invention relates to a device for dosing granular, powdery or highly viscous substances especially for plastics processing machines with a storage container that is placed in the container base has at least one outlet opening, with a metering wheel rotatable around a vertical axis, with a: or more openings, the openings being able to be brought over the outlet opening and in de Outlet position by a Festge put to the reservoir cover are completed at the top to with one in the outlet position in the Durchbruchun conditions engaging clearing member for emptying de Dosing material. The installation of a clearing device in such metering devices has in practice in particular dam proved to be necessary if the substance to be dosed is very poor or not at all free-flowing. It exists here the risk that the openings de dosing wheel are not or only incompletely emptied