DE2441095A1 - WORKPIECE STORAGE FOR MACHINE TOOLS, IN PARTICULAR GEARING MACHINES - Google Patents

Description

Workpiece storage for machine tools, in particular gear cutting machines The invention relates to a workpiece storage device for machine tools, in particular Gear cutting machines, with one above the other and receiving the workpieces Pallets, which, circulating in the workpiece storage, are successively transferred to a transfer and Takeover position, in which the handover of unprocessed workpieces to a conveyor that links the lerkstlickapeicher with the machine tool and the processed workpieces are taken over.

L With workpiece storage of this type is known rs, the pallets to be arranged according to the paternoster principle and to be connected to one another. On both of them Front sides of the pallets, which are gradually brought into the transfer and acceptance position The path of movement of the conveyor that carries the unprocessed runs past Workpieces of the tool riveting machine are supplied and then returned again after they have been processed transported to the store.

The conveyor system is designed as a step-by-step circulating transport chain, on which the workpieces are placed in accordance with the stepping force, thrust or consists of two conveyor belts, one on the front and one on the back of the factory vacuum machine arranged parallel to each other, this connects to the workpiece memory. By one in the area of the handover and takeover point stationed Transfer and transfer device, for example one in the direction of the longitudinal axis The pallet moving pusher, the workpieces are successively the pallet removed, fed to the conveyor and, after processing, on the opposite one Side of the pallet deposited again. Is the one in handover and takeover position The pallet is filled with processed workpieces, it is transported on and the brought the next pallet in the transfer and acceptance position, after which the described Sequence repeated.

A significant common disadvantage of these known work piece storage consists in the fact that the is located between the in transfer and takeover position The pallet and the conveyor device are exchanged locally from one another is carried out separately. The one on both ends of the pallet in question The distributed arrangement of a transfer point and a takeover point requires special equipment Conveyor facilities that meet these specific conditions of the workshop storage facility complied. This in turn limits their area of application with regard to the possibilities the interlinking with different and conventional conveyor systems entirely Considerable one, or another, are additional to avoid this disadvantage Measures required that lead to considerable costs and the constructive Complicate the design and the functional process.

Another disadvantage of the known workpiece storage is that it is severe limited access to the pallets.

Since the workpiece storage for reasons of convenience with the back and placed as close as possible to the machine tool in question the possibility of loading and unloading the pallets is essentially limited to the Front of the workpiece storage, because the limited space between Workpiece storage and machine tool and the arrangement of the conveyor On both sides of the workpiece storage, the access to the rear pallets is extraordinary make it difficult or impossible. The resulting condition that the removal of processed workpieces and the supply of unprocessed workpieces can only take place if the pallet in question is at the front of the Workpiece storage is located, leads to a relatively high operating effort for the Loading and unloading of the workpiece storage and requires, especially in the case of quantities, which are below the storage capacity, relatively long workpiece cycle times, because the pallets always have to go through the entire storage area in order to be unloaded and to be re-equipped, which always leads to delays in the workflow can when the workpieces are available again immediately or shortly after processing have to stand. Or there are additional measures to shorten the workpiece cycle times necessary, which, however, entail increased expenditure, the storage capacity lower and the workpiece exchange between workpiece storage and Can delay the conveyor and increase the operating effort. The known Workpiece buffers are therefore used for the production of small series and work processes unsuitable for which the machined workpieces must be removed immediately.

The purpose of the invention is to link workpiece stores with gear cutting machines using conventional and independent of the specific conditions to achieve the respective workpiece storage of designed conveyor systems, To reduce the operating effort when loading and unloading the workpiece storage, an economical one To ensure production also in the area of small series and the constant supply and To enable removal of workpieces.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a workpiece storage device for machine tools, especially gear cutting machines, with one above the other and the workpieces receiving pallets, which, circulating in the workpiece storage, one after the other be brought into a handover and takeover position in which the handover is unprocessed Workpieces to a conveying device interlinking the workpiece storage with the machine tool and the takeover of machined workpieces takes place, to create in which the handover unprocessed workpieces to the conveyor and the takeover of processed Workpieces is made in one and the same place and an unrestricted accessibility exists for all pallets in the workpiece storage at any time.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that the pallet stacks Pallets lying on top of each other and next to each other vertically as well as above and below the stack of pallets are horizontally displaceable in the direction of their longitudinal axis and in the horizontal path of movement of the pallets between the pallet stacks a transfer and takeover facility is located, which is also the takeover point for is the unprocessed workpiece and the transfer point for the processed workpiece.

According to a further feature of the invention, the pallets are when changing direction their circulating movement in the workpiece storage can be separated from the pallet stacks or can be connected to these e. According to the invention, the pallet stacks are supported by support levers held in the raised and lowered position, the support levers off and into orbit the pallets are pivotable. From the rotatable for this purpose on the workpiece storage attached support levers are those that hold the pallet stack in the raised position Support lever in the direction of the pallet stack and the pallet stack in the lowered position holding support lever spring-loaded to the outside.

The support levers holding the pallet stack in the raised position are in the direction of rotation of the pallets with slopes and the pallet stack in the lowered position holding support, lever below their pivot point in addition to the inside directed Provided cam tracks, the slopes and cam tracks temporarily with the respective the lowest pallet in the pallet stacks are in operative connection.

Another feature of the invention is that the pallet stacks can be raised over the bearing surfaces of the support lever and the distance between the bottom plate of the lowest pallet in each case in the lowered position Pallet stack to the cam tracks of the support lever assigned to it is smaller, than the distance between the support surface of the support lever and the pallet base of the respective penultimate pallet in this pallet stack and the bottom pallet when swiveled in Support levers is displaceable between the cam tracks.

According to the invention, one pallet stack is a lifting device and a lowering device is assigned to the other pallet stack, both of which are synchronized are controllable to each other.

According to a further feature of the invention, there are the lifting devices and lowering device each consisting of an al WerkstUcksteioher stationarily arranged Working cylinder that has a connecting piece attached to its piston rod connected to a vertically movable angle, its perpendicular to the orbit of the pallets arranged legs always the lowest pallet in the person concerned Pallet stack reaches under.

According to the invention, the uppermost pallet is the one in the lifting position Pallet stack can be lifted onto the loading level of the transfer and takeover device and gradually crosses their trajectory.

The pallets are provided with rollers, which at times come from above the pallet stack arranged running rails are added.

The tracks are in the orbit of the pallets and are at right angles arranged to the pallet stacks and with the diameter of the rollers of the pallets appropriately dimensioned openings are provided, with two pallet stacks per stack of pallets Breakthroughs are assigned.

All openings are provided with closure plates, of which the in the area of the lifting position arranged locking plates against the lifting movement of the pallet stack and the closure plates arranged in the area of the lowering movement against the lowering movement of the pallet stack are spring-loaded.

According to the invention there is also a working cylinder on the work piece tape, attached, whose piston rod is arranged parallel to the one above the pallet stack Slidable and detachable rails with the transfer and loading level Transfer device raised pallet is connected.

A cam rod is attached to the piston rod of this working cylinder attached, their cams parallel to the rails and according to the center distance the workpieces placed on the calottes are arranged, which are marked with de, i # e, berea Working cylinder control technically connected switch is assigned.

Another feature of the invention is that under half the pallet stack, in the orbit of the pallets and at right angles to the pallet stacks, Laufsohienön provided with rollers are arranged.

The Laufachienen is a working cylinder attached to the workpiece storage assigned, which via its piston rod at times with the respective on the barrel rails located pallet is in operative connection.

According to the invention, the transfer and takeover device at the work piece storage facility attached and consists of a horizontal arranged between the pallet stacks Workpiece transfer, a vertical workpiece transfer and a workpiece centering device.

The horizontal workpiece transfer is between the transfer and Pick-up position located pallet and the vertical workpiece transfer and the vertical workpiece transfer between the loading levels of the horizontal workpiece Transfer and the conveyor device displaceable.

The inventive workpiece storage has compared to the known Workpiece storage has some major advantages.

The inventive arrangement of the pallets in the workpiece storage and a transfer and takeover device arranged between the pallet stacks a local separation of workpiece transfer and acceptance is avoided and thus created the possibility of exchanging workpieces between the in handover and Pick-up position located pallet and the conveyor with simple means only lead at one point and thus very much simplified, Special are conveying devices geared to the conditions of the workpiece storage facility no longer necessary, as this is due to a correspondingly simple design the transfer and takeover device, without any significant effort with any conveyor device can be chained, the transfer and takeover device shown in the exemplary embodiment the interlinking of the workpiece storage facility with the conventional conveyor systems enables. This makes it suitable for the most varied of related manufacturing tasks suitable.

Since each of the pallets, regardless of their position in the Workpiece storage, accessible at any time, the workpiece storage can constantly, can be loaded and unloaded without interrupting the rest of the work process, which means the operating effort is reduced to a minimum.

This means that the workpiece storage device according to the invention is also suitable for small Series and production processes that allow the supply and removal of the Demand workpieces, can be used with economic success.

Its adaptability to different funding institutions as far as possible ensures that the workpiece storage device according to the invention is linked to machine tools different types.

The invention is to be described in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment explained.

The accompanying drawings show: FIG. 1s a schematic representation of the workpiece store viewed from the operating side, Fig. 2s a schematic The illustrated side view of the Nerkstückspeicher with an indicated stack of pallets during the lifting Fig. 3s a schematically illustrated side view of the workpiece storage with an indicated stack of pallets during the lowering, FIG. 4s a schematic Representation of the workpiece storage as seen from the operating side, with a just Pallet raised on the loading level of the horizontal workpiece transfer, Fig. 5: the section A-A of Fig. 4, Pig. 6t the section B-B according to Fig. 4 The workpiece storage 1 consists of a cabinet-like frame 2 in which the pallets 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13 and 14 stacked on top of one another to form two laterally guided pallet stacks I: II As can be seen from Fig. 1, the pallets 4,5,6,7,8 are in the raised position, the pallets 10; 11; 12; 13,14 in the lowered position, while the pallets 339, from the pallet stacks 1; II separated and horizontally displaceable between these arranged to take the top or bottom position.

By means of rotatable support levers 153 16 fastened to the frame 2 the pallet stack I in the raised position and the pallet stack II in the lowered position held, with the support of the lowest in each case under the raising and lowering positions Pallet 3 to 14 in the pallet stacks 1; II to understand on the support levers 15116 is.

The support levers 15 are in the direction of rotation of the pallets 3 to 14 with Provided bevels 17 #, the support levers 16 analogously have bevels 18 and additionally have cam tracks below their pivot point inwardly reported to 19. While the support levers 15 assigned to the pallet stack I spring through compression 20 are pressed inwards, are the support levers assigned to the pallet stack II 16 spring-loaded to the outside by tension springs.

In the area of the pallet stack I are a lifting device 22 and a lowering device 23 is arranged in that of the pallet stack II. Both bodies, # the are controlled synchronously to each other, 'have the same structural design and each consist of a working cylinder 24; 25, which has one on its piston rod 263 27 attached connector 281 29 with a vertically aligned and in Frame 2 guided angle 303 31 is connected, its perpendicular to the orbit of the pallets y to 14 arranged legs 32) 33 always the lowermost pallet 3 to 14 engages below in the relevant pallet stack Ig II. the Working cylinder 241 25 are on console 34; 35 hinged, their attachment to the frame 2 of the workpiece storage 1 takes place.

The pallets 3 to 14, which essentially consist of a base plate 36, at the four corners of the base plate 36 attached supports 37, supports 38 and rollers 39 exist, with the supports attached to the upper end faces of the nozzle 37 38 for fixing the pallets 3 to 14 in the pallet stack 1; II and inclusion of the Serving roles 39 are in their uppermost position in the pallet stack I and in their lowest position in the pallet stack II can be separated from these and between the two can be moved horizontally.

For this purpose, above and below the pallet stack 1; II, arranged at right angles to these, running rails 40; 41 attached to frame 2, of which the upper rails 40 openings 42; 43 have and the lower Running rails 41 rotatable rollers 44 received.

The openings 42t 43, which are dimensioned so that rollers 39 of the pallets 3 to 14 that can pass through the runner rails 40 are closure plates 45; 46 assigned to the rails 40 temporarily and against the vertical Lock movement of pallets 3 to 14.

For this purpose, the closure plates 45 are against the lifting movement of the pallet stack I and the closure plates 46 against the lowering movement of the Pallet stack II spring-loaded.

The running rails 40; 41 are working cylinders 47; 48 assigned, whose parallel to the running rails 40; 41 sliding Piston rods 49, 50 sliding pieces 51; 52 wear.

On the sliding piece 51 of the upper working cylinder 47 is a pawl 53 articulated, which is actuated by a lifter 54 located in its path of movement will.

Above and between the pallet stacks I; II is arranged a Transfer and takeover device 55, which consists essentially of a horizontal Workpiece transfer 56, a vertical workpiece transfer 57 and an adjustable one Workpiece centering device 58 composed.

The horizontal workpiece transfer 56 is at right angles to the longitudinal axis the pallet 3 to 14 in the handover and takeover position, in the example it is the pallet 3, slidable and consists of a working cylinder 59, the carries a driver 61 on its piston rod 60, which is used for # workpiece exchange between the respective pallet 3 to 14 and the vertical workpiece transfer 57 along the loading level III is moved back and forth.

The vertical workpiece transfer 57 consists of a vertically arranged one Working cylinder 62, on the piston rod 63 of which a lifting plate 64 is attached, the in turn between the loading level III, the horizontal workpiece transfer 56 and the loading level IV of a conveyor, not shown, is moved up and down.

Also attached to the piston rod 49 of the upper working cylinder 47 is a cam rod 65, the cams 66 of which are parallel to the running rails 40 and correspondingly the center-to-center distance of the workpieces 67 placed on the pallets 3 to 14, of which in the following the unprocessed workpieces with 67 and the edited ones Workpieces are denoted by 67 ', are arranged adjustable. The cam 66 a switch 68 connected to the working cylinder 47 for control purposes is assigned.

On the bottom plate 36 of the pallets 3 to 14 are, accordingly the respective workpiece diameter and the workpiece shape as well as the respective workpiece assembly adapted, replaceable partitions 69 placed.

The mode of operation of the workpiece storage device according to the invention is as follows: The position of the pallets 3 to 14 in the workpiece storage device shown in FIG. 1 is assumed 1. The pallet 3 is in the transfer and acceptance position, while the Pallet 9 is separated from the pallet stack II and in the direction of the pallet stack I is postponed.

If an unprocessed workpiece 67 is to be transferred to the conveyor device and a machined workpiece 67 'are taken over, the is actuated Working cylinder 59, and the driver 61 pushes an unprocessed workpiece 67 from the pallet 3 via the loading level III to the lifting plate 64, where it is against the workpiece centering device 58 moves and is aligned. Then it is lowered by actuating the working cylinder 62 of the lifting plate 64 on the loading level IV from which the unprocessed workpiece 67 can be received by the conveyor. After filing an edited Workpiece 67 'on the lifting plate 64 by the conveyor device is this after renewed participation of the Working cylinder 62 seated, however takes place in the direction of the horizontal workpiece transfer 56, back to the loading level III raised, so that the machined workpiece 67 'in the grip area of exactly The carrier 61 is positioned above the lifting device 57 and is correspondingly dimensioned got.

Thereupon, by acting on the working cylinder 59, the entrainment 61 shifted to the right, which thus the machined workpiece 67 'of the pallet 3 again and this on the previously transferred unprocessed workpiece 67 places cleared space.

Then the actuation of the working cylinder 47 and the Pallet 3 is increased by an amount equal to the center-to-center distance of the pallets 3 to 14 placed workpieces 67; 67 'corresponds, shifted to the right. Does the In this area arranged on the cam rod 65 cams 66 on the switch 68, the sliding movement of the pallet 3 is interrupted and the next unprocessed Workpiece 67 is ready for exchange under driver 61.

If the pallet 3 is filled with machined workpieces 67 ', was they have meanwhile moved to the right on the rails 40 so that they are exactly is above the pallet stack II. In the course of this gradual shifting movement the rollers 39 have depressed the locking plates 46 and so have the running rails 40 locked down in this area. At this point the lowest Pallet 3 to 14, in this case the pallet 9, by actuating the working cylinder 48 reaches its left end position and is exactly below the pallet stack I. The Angle 30 is ready lowered so that his leg 32 is below the bottom plate 36 of the pallet 9 is located. The piston rods 49; 50 drive into theirs Starting position back, previously with reaching the right end position of the Pallet 3 of the lifter 54 by actuating the pawl 53 the connection between Pallet 3 and working cylinder 47 has lifted.

By now actuating the working cylinder 24; 25 will be both by means of the support lever 15J 16 held pallet stack Iz II lifted, however the size of the lifting movement is different.

While the pallet stack I is raised until the rollers 39 of the pallet 4 have pivoted the closure plates 45 to the left and this after a corresponding distance between the rollers 39 and the running rails 40 back again are folded into their starting position and thus the rails 40 above the pallet stack I lock down, the lifting of the pallet stack II only takes place in the Dimensions until, by lifting the pallet 3, lifted from the pallet stack II is, the locking plates 46 can erect and the locking of the running rails 40 down in this area pick up. As a result of the upward movement of the pallet stack I; II the base plate 36 of the pallet 9 reaches the slopes 17 of the support lever 15 and pushes it outwards while lifting the bottom plate 36 of the pallet 10 from the support levers 16 this by the tension springs 21 from the orbit of the pallets 3 to 14 can be swiveled.

If the base plates 36 of the pallets 9t 10 have the support levers 151 16 happens, pivot the support lever 15 in their Starting position back, while the support lever i6 by means of the tension springs 21 in the pivoted-out position being held.

A renewed actuation of the working cylinder 24; 25, now in opposite Direction, the lowering of the pallet stack has 1; II result.

As a result, the pallet 4 sets with its rollers 39 on the closure plates 45 and is thus separated from the pallet stack I, which is moving further downwards, which in turn then touches the support lever 15, which has been pivoted in again.

The lowering movement of the pallet stack II; the pallet 3 now finally separates from the running rails 40, brings the pallet 10 into the area of the support lever 16. As soon as the bottom plate 36 of the pallet 10, the cam tracks 19 of the Stiltz lever 16, they begin to pivot inwards into their working position, with which the base plate 36 of the following pallet 11 can be placed. So is also the pallet 10 separated from the pallet stack II. With the pallet sitting on 4 on the running rails 40 and the pallet 10 on the rollers 46 of the running rails 41 their horizontal shift can take place again.

The entire work piece cycle and the work piece exchange takes place independently from the manufacturing process on the machine tool and is therefore in the processing time.

Claims (18)

patent claims 1. Work piece tape recorder for machine tools, especially gear cutting machines, with pallets arranged one above the other and receiving the workpieces, which, in the Workpiece storage circumferentially, one after the other in a handover and takeover position be brought, in which the transfer of unprocessed workpieces to the workpiece storage Conveyor equipment interlinked with the machine tool and the takeover of processed ones Workpieces takes place, characterized in that the pallet stacks tI; II) each other and adjacent pallets (3 to 14) vertically as well as above and below the pallet stack (I; II) is horizontally displaceable in the direction of its longitudinal axis and are in the horizontal path of movement of the pallets (3 to 14) between a transfer and takeover device (55) is located on the pallet stacks (I; II), the transfer point for the unprocessed workpiece (67) and transfer point at the same time for the machined workpiece (67 '). 2. workpiece storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the pallets (3 to 14) when changing direction of their circular movement in the workpiece storage (1) can be separated from or connected to the pallet stacks (1; II) are. 3. workpiece storage according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that that the pallet stack (1; II) is raised and lowered by means of support levers (15; 16) are held and the support lever (15; 16) from and into the orbit of the pallets (3 to 14) are pivotable. 4. Werketückepeicher according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that that the support lever (15; 16) rotatably attached to the workpiece storage (1) and the support levers (15) in the direction of the pallet stack (I) and the support levers (16) are spring-loaded to the outside. 5. workpiece storage according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that that the support lever (15) in the direction of rotation of the pallets (3 to 14) with bevels (17) are provided and the support lever (16) below their pivot point inwardly Have cam tracks (19), the slopes (left) and the cam tracks (19) at times with the respective lowest pallet (3 to 14) in the pallet stacks (1; in operative connection stand. 6. workpiece storage according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that that the pallet stacks (1; II) up to the support surfaces of the support levers (158 16) can be raised, and the distance between the bottom plate (36) is the lowest Pallet (3 to 14) in the pallet stack (II) is smaller than the cam tracks (19), as the distance between the contact surfaces of the support levers (16) and the base plate (36) of the penultimate pallet (3 to 14) in the pallet stack (II) and the lowest Pallet (3 to 14) with the support levers (16) swung in between the cam tracks (19) is displaceable. 7. Ilsrksttickspeicher, according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that that the pallet stack (I) has a lifting device (22) and the pallet stack (II) a lowering device (23) is assigned and the two devices are synchronized with one another are controllable. 8, workpiece storage according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that that the lifting device (22) and lowering device (23) each from one on the workpiece storage (1) Stationary working cylinder (24; 25), which has a on its piston rod (26; 27) attached connecting piece (28; 29) with a vertically movable angle (30g 31) is connected, its perpendicular to the orbit of the pallets (3 to 14) arranged legs (32-33) the lowermost pallet (3 to 14) in the relevant Pallet stack (I; II) engages under, exist. 9. Werkstüokspeicher according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that that the topmost pallet (3 to 14) of the pallet stack (I) is on the loading level (III) the transfer and takeover device (55) can be raised and gradually whose trajectory crosses. 10. workpiece storage according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that that the pallets (3 to 14) are provided with rollers (39), which are temporarily from above the pallet stack (I; II) arranged running rails (40) are received. 11. workpiece storage according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that that the rails (40) in the orbit of the pallets (3 to 14) and at right angles to the pallet stacks (I; II) arranged and with the diameter of the rollers (39) the pallets (3 to 14) provided appropriately dimensioned openings (42; 43) are, of which the openings (42) the pallet stack (I) and the openings (43) are assigned to the pallet rack (II). 12. workpiece storage according to claim 1 to 11, characterized in that that the openings (42; 43) are provided with closure plates (45; 46), of which the closure plates (45) against the lifting movement of the pallet stack (I) and the closure plates (46) are spring-loaded against the lowering movement of the pallet stack (II) are. 13. Workpiece storage according to claim 1 to 1 ?, characterized in that that a working cylinder (47) is attached to the workpiece storage (1), the piston rod of which (49) displaceable and detachable parallel to the running rails (40) with the lifted onto the loading level (III) of the transfer and takeover device (55) Pallet (3 to 14) is connected. 14. workpiece storage according to claim 1 to 13, characterized in that that a cam rod (65) is attached to the piston rod (49) of the working cylinder (47) whose cams (66) are parallel to the rails (40) and corresponding to the center-to-center distance the workpieces (67; 67 ') placed on the pallets (3 to 14) are arranged, which a switch (68) connected to the working cylinder (47) for control purposes assigned. 15. Workpiece storage according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that that below the pallet stack CI; II), in the orbit of the pallets (3 to 14) and at right angles to the pallet stacks (It II), running rails provided with rollers (44) (41) are arranged. 16. Werkstllckspejoher according to claim 1 to 9 and 15, characterized in that that the running rails (41) have a working cylinder attached to the workpiece storage (1) (48) is assigned, which via its piston rod (50) in time with the respective on the rails (41) located pallet (3 to 14) is in operative connection. 17. workpiece storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer and takeover device (55) is attached to the workpiece storage (1) and from a horizontal workpiece transfer arranged between the pallet stacks (1; II) (56), a vertical workpiece transfer (57-) and a workpiece centering device (58) exists. 18. workpiece storage according to claim 1 and 17, characterized in that that the horizontal workpiece transfer (56) between the transfer and takeover position located pallet (3 to 14) and the vertical workpiece transfer (57) and the vertical Werkstütckfiberberabe (57) between the two loading levels (III; IV) displaceable are.