DE2246854A1 - FIRE WEAPONS, IN PARTICULAR SHORT BODY HANDGUNS - Google Patents

Description

INDUSTRIE-WERKE KARISRUHE AUGSBURG Aktiengesellschaft

75 Karlsruhe 1 Gartenstrasse 71

Firearm, in particular short-barreled handguns

The invention relates to a firearm, in particular a short handgun, for firing preferably caseless ammunition stored in a magazine assigned to the weapon, which ammunition is removed from the magazine from after separation into one with several circumferentially distributed and aligned axially parallel to the gun barrel Cartridge chamber provided drum is transferred by means of a cam control, the between the drum and the barrel of the weapon

joint can be sealed gas-tight at each launch by means of sealing means arranged in the drum.

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Conventional handguns for military purposes usually have a relatively high rate of fire. However, their use is certain because of the ammunition consumption that corresponds to the high rate of fire Limits are set, because every soldier in addition to his other equipment and next to his handgun for weight reasons only transport the ammunition intended for its defense to a relatively limited extent can.

Based on these considerations on the one hand and on maintaining a high fire rate as well as on the one that comes with it On the other hand, a causal wish for the soldier to have as large a quantity of ammunition as possible to be able to carry, efforts have already become "known" To reduce the caliber, weight and dimensions of the conventional ammunition used so far, that the projectile is pressed into the propellant charge, dispensing with the relatively heavy cartridge case will. With these considerations - also influencing tactical combat measures to a certain extent there were aspirations, such

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Caseless ammunition no longer by means of a firing pin or the like, but to ignite electrically. This can be done, for example, using the piezo-electric effect, by means of which the ignition of Ignition charge and propellant charge required electrical voltage is generated.

It is obvious that the handguns currently being introduced by their very nature for caseless ammunition, whether electric or conventional via primers ignited, are unsuitable. Apart from that, they only accepted such ammunition remodel at a relatively high cost; however, this effort is disproportionate to the expected success. in the the rest are likely to have a significant impact. Measure the external ballistic conditions in negative Change the meaning when the internal ballistic conditions of the ammunition do not correspond to the external ballistics of the weapon.

Given this situation, the present Invention set the task of a simple and functionally reliable weapon, in particular a short one Handgun, for military use too

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create, in which not only the internal ballistics of the ammunition to an ideally high degree with the external ballistics of the Weapon harmonizes, but also with the use of caseless ammunition the tactical combat requirement high rate of fire and the largest possible amount of ammunition to be carried by the soldier with simultaneous reduction the weight of the weapon is met in an optimal way.

According to the will of the present invention, this object is essentially achieved in that each in the drum circumferentially distributed and aligned axially parallel to the gun barrel in its chamber The longitudinal extension is so deep that when firing the gas piston serving with sealing means cylinder lock in its longitudinal extension at least partially enters the cartridge chamber and this against the when Firing of the caseless ammunition occurring gas pressure seals and at the same time the drum is arranged on this and locked with other means located in the slide switch, while more possible for ejection

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Ignition failure further, cooperating with the slide switch means are provided.

The one mentioned above, carrying the invention Idea experiences a meaningful design that the cylinder lock in its longitudinal extension such an amount enters the chamber of the drum, which is aligned with the barrel of the weapon, equal to or less than the length of the propellant charge surrounding the shell of the caseless ammunition.

A key design feature is the proposed invention also in that the core of the cylinder lock is concentric in its longitudinal extension of two one behind the other, designed to correspond to one another at their point of contact Sealing sleeves is surrounded.

Further noteworthy design experiences for the effect as well as for the functional reliability of the weapon essential sealing sleeves in that in the Grundbzw. Rest position the one sealing sleeve with her rear end of the slide switch and the other sealing sleeve with its front end through .den propellant charge

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the caseless ammunition is limited, and according to a further feature of the invention also in that the sealing sleeves are provided with mutually corresponding cones at their point of contact, the cone tip of the cone of the rear sleeve in the direction of the barrel points to the barrel muzzle.

The structural design of the sealing sleeve facing the muzzle has also been considerable in this respect Attention paid, as the inside of which is designed differently in diameter, such that the Only one sleeve from its basic or rest position Allows sliding movement in the opposite direction from the muzzle and in the basic or rest position with the shoulder formed in its interior by the difference in diameter on a correspondingly formed shoulder Shoulder of the core of the cylinder lock.

To get the. proposed invention modern ignition systems - such as an electrical ignition, in which the for Ignition required voltage pulses by means of a Piezo generator or the like. Be generated - apply to be able to, the invention accordingly provides that the cylinder lock in its entire length with a to

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Soul axis of the gun barrel aligned bore is provided, which the reception of an isolated from ground Line is used, and in a manner known per se, the electrical ignition of the propellant charge of the caseless Ammunition causes.

If, on the other hand, it is desired or necessary to use a conventional ignition system, then so provides an alternative feature of the invention that the Cylinder lock at its end facing the propellant charge of the caseless ammunition or the cartridge case with a firing pin or firing pin-like tip is provided, which when firing in a known manner in the propellant of the caseless ammunition or on The primer installed in the bottom of the cartridge case is applied .

Of course, the proposed invention is not limited to the features of the invention presented above. Particular attention was also paid to the features of the invention, which on the one hand relate to the design of the drum for switching the ammunition up and on the other hand to those means that are used to eject possible failures from the weapon:

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Accordingly, the proposed invention provides that circumferentially distributed guide grooves are arranged in or on the jacket of the drum, each of these cartridge chambers a guide groove is assigned. In further design, Device of the invention is also proposed that the guide grooves substantially axially parallel to the gun barrel arranged in or on the shell of the drum and connected to one another in such a way that between the end of the one guide groove and the beginning of the next guide groove connecting the two guide grooves running approximately at 45 ° Curve path lies.

According to the invention, the drum is indexed by means of an under the action of a spring standing pin, which in a known manner in the guide grooves and cam tracks intervenes; the advancement of the drum is triggered when the slide switch is reversed.

The proposed invention is rounded off and perfected by the fact that with the slide switch a spring-loaded angle lever rotatably mounted in the weapon housing is in connection, which

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in case of ignition failure after manual repeating of the slide switch on the one hand the drum with the ■ failure cartridge switches to a preferably laterally arranged ejector position and on the other hand over an intermediate link the failure cartridge under the action pushes a spring out of the chamber and ejects it from the weapon.

It is both illuminating and convincing that with the proposed invention a whole series of striking Advantages:

First of all, met the proposed handgun all essential demands made on them in military terms, in particular in terms of combat tactics be posed: The weapon is relatively small and light. It has a high rate of fire; with your ammunition to be fired has a relatively small one Caliber and thus also an equal piece weight. This enables the soldier using the weapon to use a very substantial amount of ammunition to transport what makes him on the battlefield largely independent of supplies or other, so associated logistical problems.

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It is understood that the firearm according to the invention not exhausted in these advantages alone. Equally great care has been taken to ensure that the To give soldiers a weapon in their hands, which, due to their simple construction, can also be used under extreme conditions Conditions, e.g. those of a climatic or similar type, is fully functional and not susceptible to failure.

The principle of the mass lock used in the weapon according to the invention instead of that in handguns The usual gas pressure loader principle simplifies the weapon to a not inconsiderable extent, especially when it comes to drilling the barrel for gas extraction can be completely dispensed with in the proposed weapon.

Also the very simple but highly effective seal the mass lock by means of coaxially to the core of the lock cylinder and arranged in the axial direction intermeshing sleeves against the gas pressure generated when igniting the cartridge propellant charge the weapon essential.

The same criteria as those mentioned above also apply to the formation of the circumference in a drum

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distributed cartridge chamber, in which the mass lock with its sealing arrangement when firing engages, as for the port circuit of the drum by means of the arranged in or on its jacket Guide grooves and cam tracks as well as finally for the mechanical means provided on the weapon according to the invention, with which in the event of an ignition failure with only one manual repeating of the weapon, the failed cartridge from the chamber automatically is pushed out and ejected from the weapon.

In the drawing, the invention is shown using an exemplary embodiment. It shows

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the weapon in the area of the shutter and the drum cooperating with it,

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a magazine not belonging to the invention with the in the weapon arranged feed nose for transferring the stored in the magazine Ammunition in the drum,

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Tig. 3 shows a cross section through the weapon along the line III ... III in FIG. 1,

Fig. 4 shows the curve in or on the shell of the drum, and finally

Fig. 5 shows a vertical section through the weapon in the area of the eventual ignition failure in Activity kicking-out and throwing-out facility.

In an approximately frame-like weapon housing 1 a drum 2 containing a plurality of circumferentially distributed cartridge chambers 2a is arranged around a drum 2 which is arranged coaxially to the gun barrel 3 Axis 4 rotatably mounted. The preferably sleeveless cartridges 5 are still in individual way to be described when rotating the drum 2 to lie in front of the gun barrel 3 one after the other.

The parting line 6 located between the drum 2 and the gun barrel 3 is closed by means of the annular seal completed after the gas pressure caused by the ignition of the cartridge 5 has built up. The gas pressure arrives

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of circumferentially distributed holes 2b, which. branch off from the cartridge chambers 2a, behind the annular seal, which is pressed against the barrel 3 in the process will.

The cartridge chamber 2a, which is aligned with the core axis 3a and accommodates the cartridge 5 to be fired is closed to the rear by the cylinder lock 8. This lock occurs when the person is ready to fire Insert the weapon into the chamber 2a by an amount that is approximately equal to or less than the length of the Projectile 5a of the caseless ammunition 5 surrounding propellant charge 5b is.

The cartridge chamber 2a is sealed to the rear by means of two concentrically arranged one behind the other arranged around the closure 8 and designed to correspond to one another at their point of contact Sealing sleeves 9, 10. These two sealing sleeves are axially limited in the basic or rest position on the one hand (sleeve 9) on the propellant charge 5b of the caseless ammunition -5 and on the other hand (sleeve 10) on the Switch slide 11. "X" are at their touching position

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the sealing sleeves 9, 10 are provided with cones corresponding to one another, the cone tip of the cone ^{1 of} the rear sleeve 10 in the direction of the gun barrel 3 pointing towards the muzzle.

The interior of the sealing sleeve 9 facing the muzzle is designed to be different in diameter, such that the sleeve from its basic or rest position only one sliding movement in that of the direction opposite to the muzzle and in the basic or rest position with that in its Inner shoulder formed by the difference in diameter on a correspondingly formed shoulder Shoulder of the cylinder lock 8 rests.

Due to the gas pressure acting on the cylinder closure 8 when the propellant charge 5b is ignited Lidert the case 9 and is sealing against the interior of the chamber 2a, while it is supported at the same time with its cone on the mating cone of the sleeve 10.

The entire length of the cylinder lock 8 is connected to a core axis 3a of the gun barrel 3

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aligned bore 8a provided which the reception of a Line 12 is used. The line 12 is protected from the metallic mass by the insulation 13. The line 12 is used in a manner known per se for the electrical ignition of the propellant charge 5b. The ones to ignite required electrical voltage can ■ for example in a - not belonging to the invention - piezo-ceramic generator od. The like. Generate and in a voltage multiplier circuit downstream of this Bring to the voltage value required for ignition, e.g. 2800 volts.

But if you want this modern kind of ignition for whatever reason, e.g. if conventional ammunition with cartridge cases are used. should, however, the cylinder lock 8 can just as easily be attached to its propellant charge 5b of the sleeveless Ammunition 5 or a - not shown - cartridge, sleeve facing end with a firing pin or Provided ignition pin-like tip, which when fired in a known manner in a propellant charge 5b the caseless ammunition 5 or primer installed in the bottom of the cartridge case is applied.

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The ammunition 5 stored in the magazine 14 (FIG. 2) not belonging to the invention arrives when it is left of the channel 14a in the area of action of the weapon. belonging nose 17, which separated the from the magazine 14 Ammunition 5 feeds synchronously to the next cartridge chamber 2a. Isochronous conveying the ammunition 5 from the magazine 14 is in turn due to the rotary motion of the drum 2 and its rotary motion determined by the cadence of the weapon.

To carry out the rotary movement of the drum 2, guide grooves are circumferentially distributed in or on the jacket 2c 2d attached, the number of which corresponds to that of the cartridge chamber 2a (Fig. 3). The guide grooves 2d are arranged essentially axially parallel to the gun barrel 3 in or on the jacket 2c of the drum 2. she are interconnected in such a way that between the end 2e of one and the beginning 2f of the next Guide groove 2d is a curved path 2g which runs approximately at 45 ° and connects the two grooves 2d.

With each launch, the slide switch 11 slides in its guide 1a (FIG. 2) in the direction of that shown in FIG. 1 drawn arrow back; under the action of a

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The spring (not shown) returns to its basic or rest position. This is in FIG the latter movement sequence symbolized by the dash-dotted arrow.

According to FIG. 3, the slide switch 11 is inside a pin 16 under the action of a spring 15 is mounted so as to be axially movable. The one in diameter The smaller part 16a of the pin 16 engages in the guide grooves in a manner known per se 2d and into the cam tracks 2g. When the slide switch 11 is advanced into its basic or rest position The pin 16 first slides with its part 16a in the guide groove 2d; he then arrives at the end point 2f from over the connecting curved path 2g to the beginning 2e of the following curved path 2d, where he finally the Switching movement of the drum 2 in the sense of the cartridge chamber division completed.

Since ignition failures can probably not be ruled out with any ammunition, the weapon according to the invention also contains means and Ways to be able to eliminate such failures from the weapon:

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If an ignition failure has occurred, the slide switch 11 is repeated manually in the direction of the solid arrow (FIG. 5). As a result of this repeating process, the drum 2 is rotated by one cartridge chamber division, so that the failure 5 ¹ located in the cartridge chamber 2a comes laterally outside the core axis 3a. When the slide switch 11 moves into its home or rest position (dash-dotted arrow), it forces the angle lever 18, which is supported at point 22, to rotate via its roller 19 the slidably guided ejector 21, which presses with its ejector pin 21a against the tip of the projectile 5a and pushes it out of the cartridge chamber 2a together with its propellant charge 5b and ejects it from the weapon.

Considered publications:

German patent application P 20 48 743.8-15 (99-12 / 6 / 7.1)

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Claims (14)

PATENT CLAIMS Firearm, especially short handgun,
for firing preferably caseless, in one
magazine of stored ammunition assigned to the weapon,
which successively from the magazine into a drum provided with circumferentially distributed, axially parallel to the gun barrel aligned cartridge chambers
a curve control is transferred, whereby the parting line located between the drum and the gun barrel can be sealed gas-tight with each firing by means of sealing means arranged in the drum,
characterized, that each of the circumferentially distributed in the drum (2) and axially parallel to the gun barrel (3) aligned cartridge chamber (2a) in its longitudinal extension in such a way
is deeply formed that when firing the cylinder lock (8), which serves as a gas piston, is provided with sealing means (9, 10) and forms a mass lock system together with a slide switch (11), in its longitudinal extension at least partially into the cartridge chamber (2a) 409815/0432 enters and this seals it against the gas pressure occurring when the caseless ammunition (5) is fired and at the same time locks the drum (2) via means (15, 16) arranged thereon (2d, 2g) and other means (15, 16) located in the slide switch (11), while further means (18, 19, 20, 21) cooperating with the slide switch (11) are provided for ejecting possible ignition failures (5 ^1). 2) firearm according to claim 1,
characterized, that the cylinder lock (8) in its longitudinal extension by such an amount in the with the gun barrel (3) Aligned cartridge chamber (2a) of the drum (2) enters which is equal to or less than the length of the projectile (5a) the caseless ammunition (5) surrounding propellant charge (5b). 3) firearm according to claim 1 and 2,
characterized, that the core of the cylinder lock (8) is concentric in its longitudinal extension of two one behind the other 409815/0432 - 3 - lying sealing sleeves (9, 10) designed to correspond to one another at their point of contact give is. 4) firearm according to claim 3,
characterized, that in the basic or rest position the one sealing sleeve (10) with its rear end from the switch slide (11) and the front end of the other sealing sleeve (9) is limited by the propellant charge (5b) of the caseless ammunition (5) is. 5) firearm according to claim 3 and 4,
characterized, that the sealing sleeves (9, 10) are provided with corresponding cones at their point of contact ("X"), the cone tip of the cone ^{1 of} the rear sleeve (10) pointing towards the barrel muzzle in the direction of the barrel (3). 6) firearm according to claim 3,
characterized,
that the inside of the seal facing the muzzle 409815/0432 sleeve (9) is designed differently in diameter, such that the sleeve (9) from its Grundbzw. Rest position from only a sliding movement in the opposite direction from the muzzle and allows in the basic or rest position with the shoulder formed inside by the difference in diameter rests against a correspondingly designed shoulder of the core of the cylinder lock (8). 7) firearm according to claim 1 to 6,
characterized, that the cylinder lock (8) in its entire length with one to the core axis (3a) of the gun barrel (3) aligned bore (8a) is provided, which is used to receive a line (13) isolated from ground, and in a manner known per se, the electrical ignition of the propellant charge (5b) of the caseless ammunition (5) causes. . . 8) firearm according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that
that the cylinder lock (8) on its the propellant charge - 5 _ 409815/0432 22A6854 (5b) the caseless ammunition (5) or the cartridge case facing end with a firing pin or firing pin-like Point is provided, soft when firing in a known manner in the propellant charge (5b) cartridge-less ammunition (5) or a primer installed in the bottom of the cartridge case applied » 9) firearm according to claim 1,. characterized, that in or .on the jacket (2c) of the drum (2) is circumferentially distributed Guide grooves (2d) are arranged. 10) Firearm according to claim 9 »
characterized, that each cartridge chamber (2a) is assigned a guide groove (2d). 11) firearm according to claim 1, 9 and 10, characterized in that that the guide grooves (2d) are essentially axially parallel to the gun barrel (3) in or on the casing (2c) of the drum (2) are arranged and connected to one another in such a way that A09815 / 0432 that between the end (2e) of one and the beginning (2f) of the next guide groove (2d) an approximately 45 ° running, both guide grooves (2d) connecting cam (2g) lies. 12) firearm according to claim 1 and 9 to 11,. characterized, that the switching of the drum (2) by means of a mounted in the slide switch (11), under the action a spring (15) standing pin (16) takes place, which in a known manner in the guide grooves (2d) and cam tracks (2g) engages. 13) firearm according to claim 1 and 9 to 12, characterized in that that the advancement of the drum (2) when reversing the Slide switch (11) is triggered. 14) firearm according to claim 1,
characterized,
that with the slide switch (11) in the weapon housing (1) 409815/0432 " ⁷ " - Jf - rotatably mounted, spring-loaded angle lever (18) is connected, which in the event of an ignition failure after manual repetition of the slide switch (11) on the one hand switches the drum (2) with the failure cartridge (5 ¹ ) into a preferably laterally arranged ejector position and on the other hand via an intermediate member (21) pushes the failure ^{cartridge (5 1} ) out of the chamber (2a) under the action of a spring (20) and ejects it from the weapon. 0 9 8 15/0432