DE202012009285U1 - Take-off device and set with the removal device - Google Patents

Abstract

Removal device (11) for taking an impression of a dental arch contour from a patient (3), with an intraoral section (17), the intraoral section (17) having a support (45) for an impression agent and a reference surface area (46), the reference surface area (46) forms part of the support (45) so that the reference surface area (46) is molded into the impression means, characterized by a stand (30), the stand (30) being designed to support against a surrounding structure, and the intraoral section (17 ) is supported and / or can be supported via the stand (30) in such a way that the reference surface area (46) is aligned horizontally and / or horizontally.

Description

The invention relates to a removal device for the impression of a dental arch contour of a patient with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a set with this removal device.

In the manufacture of dental restorations, commonly referred to as dentures, usually the dental arch of a patient's upper and lower jaws are molded as models and placed in an articulator, the articulator allowing the two models to move relative to one another to accommodate jaw movement of the patient simulate. Using the articulator, a dental technician is able to verify the function of a dental prosthesis in a realistic manner by inserting the denture into the model of the associated dental arch.

The transmission of the position of the dental arches from the patient as positions of the models in the articulator is complicated, since the two models must be used to one another and the other to a pivot axis of the articulator in the correct position and functionally correct.

With reference to this task, the document discloses DE10154994A1 a bite fork, which makes it possible to mold the impression of the dental arch of the upper jaw in a deformable mass, wherein the deformable mass rests on a flat surface. The bite fork described in the document has an adjustment device in the form of a bubble level, which makes it possible to place the bite fork in the mouth of the patient so that the bite fork and thus the flat surface are aligned horizontally.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a removal device for the impression of a dental arch contour of a patient, which is operable reproducible and reliable. The invention is also based on the object to disclose a corresponding set with the removal device.

These objects are achieved by a removal device having the features of claim 1 and by a set having the features of claim 18. Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the accompanying drawings.

In the context of the invention, a removal device is proposed, which is suitable and / or designed for the impression of a dental arch contour of a patient. In particular, the removal device is used for the impression of the dental arch contour of an upper dental arch, that is to say the dental arch contour of the upper jaw. The dental arch contour may comprise the complete dental arch, but it is also possible that the dental arch contour comprises only parts of the dental arch. However, it is preferred that at least three teeth of the dental arch are shown in the dental arch contour in order to be able to define or at least estimate an actual occlusal plane of the dental arch on the basis of the dental arch contours.

The removal device comprises an intraoral portion, which is designed so that it is completely or at least partially inserted during the impression of the dental arch contour in the mouth of the patient. The intraoral section has a support for an impression, wherein the support forms a positioning of the impression, in particular before insertion of the Intraoralabschnitts into the mouth or in the inserted state.

The intraoral section further has a reference surface area, wherein the reference surface area forms part of the support, so that the reference surface area is molded into the impression means. Particularly preferably, the reference surface area forms part of the support, in particular at least 50%, preferably at least 70% of the support.

In the context of the invention it is proposed that the removal device has a stand, wherein the stand for supporting the Intraoralabschnitts is formed with respect to a surrounding construction. The intraoral section can thus be positioned stationary via the tripod. In particular, the removal device is designed so that the stand is self-holding, so that the intraoral section is held in the molding position of the removal device self-sufficient and / or without user interaction. The impression position of the intraoral section is located in the mouth of a preferably standing or sitting patient. In particular, the head region and optionally supplementary the upper body region of the patient is arranged upright when the removal device is installed, so that the intraoral section is arranged in the mouth of the patient and / or in the impression position.

It is furthermore provided that the intraoral section is supported and / or supported via the stand such that the reference surface area is aligned horizontally and / or horizontally. The intraoral section may be attached directly to the tripod, but it may also be supported via intermediate components via the tripod. In particular, the intraoral section is supported solely by the tripod.

The advantage of the removal device is in particular that it is possible to mold a so-called transfer key from the dental arch contour of the patient with a defined reference surface in a secure and reproducible manner. The transfer key has on its upper side a negative impression of the dental arch contour, in particular a bite impression. At the bottom, the transfer key has an imprint of the reference surface area, so that the transfer key carries the reference surface, which is designed according to the removal device as a reference to a horizontal and / or horizontal reference plane. Such a reference surface can be used advantageously in the articulator below, since the transmission key is easy to position in the correct position by also having to align a corresponding support surface in the articulator for the transmission key only horizontally and / or horizontally. The horizontal and / or horizontal alignment can optionally be checked or ensured both in the reference surface region and in the articulator optionally in a simple manner with an integrated or attachable measuring device, such as a spirit level, a dragonfly or the like.

The positioning of the intraoral section via a tripod has the advantage that no manual, error-prone readjustment of the intraoral section on the basis of a level bubble level, as described in the prior art, must be performed. In particular, the manual positioning of the intraoral section in the horizontal or horizontal plane entails the risk that an overcorrection takes place when the position is adjusted, and in this way artifacts, ie in this case false impressions of the dental arch contour in the impression means, are produced. In contrast, the removal device according to the invention has the advantage that it is always ensured that the reference surface area and preferably also the intraoral section, stationary horizontally and / or stationary is aligned horizontally. By means of the removal device, transmission errors of the position of the upper jaw with respect to a horizontal and / or horizontal reference surface can thus be reduced or even completely avoided.

In a preferred constructional embodiment of the invention, the intraoral section is designed as a bite fork. The bite fork preferably has a top view U-shaped fork portion, which carries two free legs, wherein the U-shaped portion or the two free legs are adapted in course and in size to a dental arch contour. In particular, the bite fork is designed so that the arch contour is fully supported by the bite fork. The free intermediate area between the legs allows the patient to retain freedom of movement for his tongue during the impression. Particularly preferably, the intraoral portion and / or the bite fork, in particular the free legs are formed symmetrically to a center line.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reference surface area is formed as a planar upper side of the intraoral section, in particular the bite fork. This embodiment appears to be particularly easy to implement, since in this case the support forms the reference surface area or at least forms with. Optionally, the edition z. B. interrupted by marking points or bases etc.

In a possible development of the invention, the removal device comprises the impression means, wherein the impression means is formed as a plastically deformable mass, in particular as a plastic mass or a wax mass. Alternatively or additionally, the removal device comprises the generated transfer key, which is formed after the shaping of the dental arch contour and the reference surface area.

In a possible realization of the invention, the tripod is designed as a wall stand. In particular, the stand has an interface, which is suitable for attachment to a wall and / or formed. For example, it is possible for the removal device to be fastened to a wall, in particular screwed on and / or fixed to a wall, in particular screwed.

However, it is more preferable that the stand is formed as a ground stand, which thus has a foot portion over which it is intended to be supported on the ground. For example, the foot portion is a tripod or as a bottom plate formed with a bottom surface resting on a floor. The floor stand has a stand height of preferably at least 1 meter, in particular of at least 1.5 meters. In particular, the removal device is designed to bridge over the stand a height from the ground as surrounding construction to the Intraoralabschnitt of preferably at least 1 meter, in particular of at least 1.5 meters.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the removal device has a height adjustment device for height adjustment of the intraoral section. In particular, the height adjustment is used to offset the intraoral section in height so that it always remains aligned horizontally and / or horizontally. By height adjustment, it is possible to first the intraoral section in the mouth of the patient position and, in a subsequent step, press the intraoral section from below against the arch of the maxilla. This represents a very controlled movement, tilting is excluded by the removal device. The height adjustment device can be hand-operated or else energy-powered, in particular this can be realized as an electrical height adjustment.

It is preferred that the height adjustment device adjusts a head frame of the removal device in height, which also has further components, which will be described below. In this embodiment, the head frame is varied together with the components in height, so that the other components are taken in height. Alternatively, it is possible that is varied by the height adjustment only the intraoral section, in particular relative to the head frame in height. This embodiment has the advantage that the patient remains stationary even relative to the head frame, in particular arranged to the components, when the intraoral section is moved in height to perform the impression.

Preferably, by the height adjustment, a change in the height of the Intraoralabschnitts of at least 2 cm, preferably at least 5 cm are implemented.

In a possible specific embodiment of the invention, the height adjustment is designed as a telescopic adjustment of the tripod. The telescopic adjustment can be implemented via a clamping screw and two sliding telescopic tubes, alternatively, it is also possible that the telescopic adjustment is realized via a crank mechanism, so that the Intraoralabschnitt is offset by a mechanical crank in height.

In one possible development of the invention, the removal device has a respective ruler on both sides of the intraoral section, wherein each of the ruler devices comprises at least one, preferably two horizontally and / or horizontally extending rulers. The rulers are parallel or rectilinear to one or the centerline of the intraoral segment, especially the bite fork. In length, the rulers are sized so that they reach at least to the cheek area of a patient, preferably to the ears of a patient when it has the intraoral section in the mouth. By means of the rulers, it is possible to visualize facial lines, such as lines between the nose and ear, etc. during the impression of the dental arch contour, in order to be able to recognize and possibly correct any incorrect postures of the patient's head during the impression of the dental arch contour.

In order to be able to individually adjust the ruler or the rulers to the patient, it is preferred for the rulers to be adjustable in height relative to the intraoral section. Thus it is possible that patients with higher-positioned cheeks or ears can be treated in the same way as patients who have a different facial anatomy.

In a particularly preferred development of the invention, the removal device has a mirror section, wherein the mirror section is aligned perpendicular to the reference surface area and perpendicular to one or the center line of the intraoral section, in particular the bite fork. In particular, the mirror portion is aligned so that a patient who carries the Intraoralabschnitt, especially the bite fork, in the correct position in the mouth, frontally against the mirror portion, so that the patient can see himself in the eye. It has been found that when looking at one's own mirror image, in particular one's own eyes, in the mirror section, the patient normally aligns himself in a straight and healthy posture and in particular corrects the head posture. The mirror section thus makes it possible for the patient to "adjust" or position himself relative to the removal device and subsequently to first mold the dental arch contour, so that the dental arch contour of the patient referenced over the reference surface region is taken from a straight, healthy posture of the patient ,

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the removal device on a head frame, wherein the head frame is placed on the tripod and carries the Intraoralabschnitt. The headgear may serve to carry other components, as described below.

In particular, the head frame can have two slide holders for clamping the rulers. However, there are also other recording devices for height-adjustable recording of the rulers as lineal devices conceivable.

In a possible development of the invention, the head frame on a boom, wherein the mirror portion is arranged on the boom. The mirror section is preferably arranged such that the distance between the bite fork, in particular the distal end of the bite fork, and the mirror section is greater than 20 centimeters, preferably greater than 30 centimeters and in particular greater than 40 centimeters. The ruler devices and the mirror section form components of the head frame.

In a possible embodiment of the invention, the removal device has a center reference line, wherein the center reference line is arranged congruent with one or the center line of the intraoral section. The center reference line allows the operator, not the patient, to see if the patient's teeth are in alignment, especially if the patient has adjusted himself to the mirror portion.

In one possible development of the invention, the removal device has a family of curves of reference lines which extend over an angular range of plus / minus five degrees around the center reference line and whose common point of intersection is in the range of an assumed chewing center line of the intraoral section, in particular the bite fork. The chewing center line is assumed to be at a distance of between three and six centimeters, in particular 4.5 centimeters, from an assumed anterior tooth line on the intraoral section. The reference lines are used to quantify any asymmetries of the patient's teeth.

In another development of the invention, the removal device has a family of curves of reference lines, wherein the family of curves of the reference lines are arranged as parallels to the center reference line. This development has the advantage that a displacement of the front teeth of the patient along the center reference line has no change in the read value for the quantitative detection of the asymmetry.

Another object of the invention relates to a set comprising the removal device, as described above, and an articulator.

The articulator is suitable and / or designed to be able to position models of dental arches of upper jaw and lower jaw and also to be able to move to each other in order to be able to simulate closing movements or grinding movements of the two models.

The articulator comprises a support section, which can be placed on a floor surface, for example, on a table or the like, and a pivoting section, wherein the support section and the pivoting section are pivotally connected to each other via a pivot axis. The pivot axis preferably runs parallel to the bottom surface. The pivoting section has an upper receptacle for one or the upper dental arch model and the support section preferably has a lower receptacle for one or the lower dental arch model.

The articulator comprises a positioning device, wherein the positioning device is arranged stationarily to the support section and / or can be arranged. Optionally, the positioning device is designed to be removable, so that it can be removed as soon as the upper dental arch section is fastened to the pivoting section. For example, the positioning device is designed as a table.

The positioning device has a support surface parallel to the bottom surface of the support section and in particular horizontally arranged support surface.

Further, the articulator defines a palatal delivery line, a chewing center auxiliary line, and a support surface. In particular, for the further description of the articulator can be derived from these components a target occlusal plane and an anterior tooth line as further auxiliary quantities.

In a possible constructive embodiment, the palatal auxiliary line and / or the Kauzentrumhilfslinie are introduced as lines in the bearing surface of the positioning. Such markings are easy to use in positioning.

To define the palatal aid line, a vertical projection on the plane defined by the support surface is first considered. The vertical projection on the plane of the support surface is to be compared mentally with a plan view of the support surface support.

The chewing center auxiliary line is arranged parallel or substantially parallel to the projected pivot axis. Extensively parallel means that they can deviate within an angle range of +/- 5 °. The palatal auxiliary line is arranged perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the projected pivot axis, which largely means that it can deviate in an angular range of +/- 5 °.

The anterior tooth line or the anterior tooth line projected onto the support surface is derived by drawing a parallel to the pivot axis which extends in the support surface by a length L between 3 cm and 8 cm, preferably between 4 cm and 6 cm from the exactly parallel chewing center guide line and / or. or spaced from the intersection of the chewing center guideline and the palatal assist line. The projected anterior tooth line is used when the upper dental arch model with a height offset on the support surface is positioned. The height of the anterior tooth line with respect to the support surface auxiliary preferably corresponds to the distance of an actual occlusal surface of the upper dental arch model of the support surface support in the anterior teeth. Such a height offset is produced for example by a pedestal on the impression device, as shown in the figures. In the event that the upper dental arch model is arranged on the support surface support so that the anterior teeth rest on the support surface support or even easily pierced, the anterior tooth line is placed on or in the support surface support.

The anterior tooth line is disposed on the opposite side as the pivot axis with respect to the chewing center auxiliary line. This arrangement determines that the molar region of the dental arch model is directed away from the pivot axis and the incisal region of the arch model is directed away from the pivot axis. Anterior tooth line, palatal access line and / or chewing center auxiliary line are preferably arranged in the support surface.

The angular range of the chewing center auxiliary line extends in the plane of the support surface around the intersection of the exactly parallel chewing center auxiliary line and the exactly vertical palatal auxiliary line. The angle range of the palatal support line extends in the plane of the support surface around the intersection of the exact vertical palatal aid line with the parallel Kauzentrumschilfslinie.

In a side view of the articulator, wherein the viewing direction of the side view is aligned parallel to the pivot axis, the pivot axis is parallel and offset in height to the support surface support.

The target occlusal plane is defined by the pivot axis and the anterior tooth line. This assumes an occlusion angle between the support surface of 1 degree and 20 degrees, preferably between 5 degrees and 15 degrees and in particular of 10 degrees. Depending on the design of the articulator, the occlusion angle can be adjustable.

The upper arch model corresponds to the dental arch of the upper jaw and has a palate near reference. The upper dental arch model comprises at least one tooth, preferably a plurality of teeth. In the simplest case, the palatal seam reference can be the course of the palate seam, which is arranged in the correct position relative to the at least one tooth. Optionally, the upper arch model forms part of the set.

The upper dental arch model is aligned by reference to the reference surface area of the transfer key to the support surface. In particular, the support surface of the transfer key is parallel or even in the same plane as the support surface support. By this arrangement, two rotational degrees of freedom of the upper dental arch model are correctly defined in the articulator.

Further, the upper dental arch model is aligned with the palate proximal reference by reference to the palate reference. In particular, in the projection or plan view, the palate seam reference and the palatal auxiliary line are congruently aligned. By this arrangement, the third rotation degree of freedom and a first translational degree of freedom are correctly set.

Further, the upper dental arch model is aligned by reference to the chewing center along the chewing center guide line. The chewing center in the upper dental arch model is defined, for example, by the sixth tooth, in particular the center of the sixth tooth. In modified embodiments, the position of the chewing center between the fourth and the fifth tooth is defined. By this further step, a second translational degree of freedom in the articulator is set correctly.

The upper dental arch model is aligned in height to the support surface by reference to an occlusion point of the upper dental arch model. In the simplest case, the transmission key is such that an anterior tooth forms an occlusion point in the bearing surface of the transmission key, so that the dental arch model is placed on the support surface so that the occlusion point of the anterior tooth rests in or on the support surface. In this arrangement, the third translational degree of freedom of the upper dental arch model is defined in the articulator.

The set according to the invention has a number of advantages:

By transferring the horizontally oriented reference plane through the horizontal reference surface area on the one hand and the horizontal support surface support on the other hand, the position of the upper dental arch model can be adjusted very accurately. The positioning of the upper dental arch model is well defined so that mispositioning of the upper dental arch model in the articulator is virtually eliminated. The positioning can also be carried out reproducibly by the simple definition of different users, so that the same positioning of the upper dental arch model is always achieved in the articulator, even if different users perform the procedure. This results in a quality increase in the production of dentures and other dental services.

The positioning of the upper arch model is also based on the chewing center. Especially the chewing center is the most critical area in the simulation of chewing movements, because due to the wide chewing surfaces in the area of the chewing center there disturbing contours have a particularly detrimental effect.

The reproducible positioning and the use of the target occlusal plane improve the simulation of the jaw movements over the prior art, as will be explained below.

In a further development of the set, a lower dental arch model is arranged in the articulator, the lower dental arch model preferably being inserted via a registration for defining the relative positioning of the two dental arch models. Preferably, the kit comprises the lower dental arch model and / or the registration. The registration is in a preferred training as a physical aid such. B. a plate of a deformable material, for. As wax, plastic or a soft metal, which is introduced between the dental arches, designed to record the position of the lower jaw to the upper jaw or set. Both dental arch models can be defined in the articulator.

When pivoting the upper or the lower dental arch model about the pivot axis, a closing angle of greater than 80 degrees, preferably greater than 85 degrees, is achieved in the chewing center. This technical effect results from the fact that the pivot axis is arranged in the target occlusal plane and the target occlusal plane and the actual occlusal plane are either congruent or at least very closely approximated. If the target occlusal plane and the actual occlusal plane are congruent, a closing angle of 90 degrees results. This embodiment takes into account the fact that in a real closing of the maxilla and mandible no pure pivoting movement takes place around the temporomandibular joint, but shortly before closing a pivot-translational movement takes place, the resulting, actual closing angle is not 60 degrees, as from the position of the temporomandibular joint, but on a statistical average is 85 degrees or more. As a result of the arrangement of pivot axes, desired occlusal plane and actual occlusal plane, the function or simulation of the real movement of upper jaw and lower jaw in the articulator is consequently improved.

In a possible development of the invention, the support surface is height adjustable to set different target occlusion angle. Particularly preferably, the articulator has a height-adjustable positioning device. The positioning device can preferably be removed and reproducibly arranged in the articulator. For example, the articulator and the positioning means pass means, such. As dowel pins, positive receptacles or the like, which ensure the reproducible arrangement.

In one possible embodiment, the articulator has a family of curves of palatal appendage lines, wherein the palatal appendage lines are arranged parallel to the palatal proximal auxiliary line arranged perpendicular to the projected pivot axis. The palatal access lines correspond in location and location to the reference lines about the center reference line of the pickup device so that a value of the patient's asymmetry read on the pickup device can be displayed on the articulator.

Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention. Showing:

1 a schematic representation of the transmission of the position of a dental arch to the position of a dental arch model in an articulator;

2a , b are schematic representations for explaining various reference planes and lines in the articulator in the 1 ;

3a , b are schematic representations of a dental arch model with described markings;

4a -D is a schematic representation of the positioning of the dental arch model of 3a) , b) in the articulator in the 1 ;

5 the articulator in the 1 enlarged in a schematic side view with drawn reference surfaces, lines and other components;

6 a three-dimensional representation of the head frame of the removal device in the 1 ;

7 a side view of the head frame in the 6 ;

8th a top view of head frame in the 6 ,

In the 1 is a schematic representation of an overall process for positioning of an upper dental arch model 1 in an articulator 2 shown. The upper dental arch model 1 provides the dental arch of the upper jaw of a patient 3 and has a plurality of teeth. The upper dental arch model 1 is designed for example as a plaster model or a plastic model. On the left side of the 1 is a patient 3 shown, from whose teeth a transmission key 5 is removed, as will be explained below. In the middle of 1 is a positioning device 4 shown, where the transfer key 5 if necessary together with the upper dental arch model 4 on the positioning device 4 is positioned. On the right side is the articulator 2 shown in which the positioning 4 and the upper dental arch model 1 are correctly positioned.

The articulator 2 has a support section 6 and a pivot section 7 on which about a pivot axis 8th are pivotally connected to each other. The upper dental arch model 1 is by means of a fastener 9 , such as plaster or a magnet holder, etc., on the pivot portion 7 attached so that this together with the pivoting section 7 around the pivot axis 8th is pivoted. At a later date, the positioning will be 4 taken out and instead a lower dental arch model 24 ( 5 ) in the correct position to the upper dental arch model 1 used and with the support section 6 connected, so with the articulator 2 a closing movement of the upper dental arch model 1 and the lower dental arch model 24 can be simulated.

In the middle is again the positioning device 4 with the transfer key 5 shown. On the left side is the patient 3 presented to the patient 3 with a take-off device 11 the transmission key 5 is molded.

The positioning of the upper dental arch model 1 in the articulator 2 presents a special challenge, since the positioning as similar as possible to the position of the maxilla and mandible in the patient 3 should be implemented to the user of the articulator 2 For example, a dental technician, as realistic as possible simulation of the interaction of the upper dental arch model 2 and lower dental arch model 24 to convey.

For correct positioning of the upper dental arch model 1 relative to the pivoting section 7 of the articulator 2 To achieve this, this must be on the positioning device 4 be arranged in the correct position.

The positioning device 4 has a support surface 10 on, which about the positioning 4 reproducible in the articulator 2 can be arranged. For example, the positioning device 4 over dowel pins or stops with the support section 6 of the articulator 2 releasably connected.

For correct positioning of the transmission key 5 and the upper dental arch model 1 on the support surface 10 Guides and auxiliary surfaces are dependent on the position of the pivot axis 8th used as related to the 2a . 2 B explains:

The 2a shows a plan view of the support surface 10 the positioning device 4 , wherein the pivot axis 8th vertically projected onto the support surface 10 , or on the plane of the support surface 10 is shown. The 2 B shows the support surface 10 in a side view. The bearing surface 10 defines a support surface for the mathematical consideration.

Parallel and offset to the pivot axis 8th is a chewing center aid line 12 as well as perpendicular to the pivot axis 8th a palatal aid line 13 shown. More precisely, there are even several chewing center auxiliary lines 12 which is around the intersection of the parallel chewing center auxiliary line first described 12 and the vertical palatal guide first described 3 at an angle of plus / minus 5 degrees in the plane of the support surface 10 are arranged. There is also an anterior tooth line 14 shown, which parallel to the projected pivot axis 8th arranged and from the parallel to the projected pivot axis 8th arranged shopping center auxiliary line 12 is arranged spaced by a length L of 3 cm to 6 cm, in particular of 4.5 cm. More detailed are several palatal aid lines 13 shown, which are in an angular range of plus / minus five degrees about the intersection of the parallel to the projected pivot axis 8th arranged Kauzentrumhilfslinie 12 and perpendicular to the projected pivot axis 8th seconded palatal aid 13 are arranged. In other embodiments, only the parallel chewing center auxiliary line 12 and the vertical palatal aid line 13 located.

Looking at the components of the 2a in a side view, like this one in the 2 B is shown, so again is the anterior tooth line 14 , the central chewing center auxiliary line 12 and the pivot axis 8th see, with the anterior tooth line 14 and the chewing center support line 12 in a common plane with the support surface 10 lie. The pivot axis 8th is, however, parallel to the plane of the support surface 10 arranged vertically offset by a height h.

The pivot axis 8th and the anterior tooth line 14 define a target occlusal plane 15 which has a desired occlusion angle alpha with the Plane of the bearing surface 10 between 1 and 20 degrees, in this embodiment of 10 degrees.

As already related to the 2a explained, will be on the positioning 4 the transmission key 5 as well as the upper dental arch model 1 hung up. The impression of the transmission key 5 done with the removal device 11 , which in the following in connection with the 1 . 7 . 8th and 9 is described.

The 1 shows the removal device 11 in an overall view, the removal device 11 in a head frame 16 , a tripod 30 and in a foot section 31 can be divided. The removal device 11 is designed so that a bite fork 17 as an intraoral section is always aligned horizontally and / or horizontally. For implementation, it may be provided that the foot section 31 with its bottom surface rests flat on a floor and the tripod 30 perpendicular to the foot section 31 is arranged. The headstand 16 is again perpendicular to the tripod 30 arranged so that the bite fork 17 horizontally and / or horizontally arranged.

For a more detailed description of the head frame 16 will be on the 6 . 7 and 8th referenced the headrest 16 in a three-dimensional view, a side view and a top view. The headstand 16 is formed as a rod construction and includes a center support 32 , which on the tripod 30 rests at right angles and is supported by this. At the patient-facing side of the center carrier 32 is the bite fork 17 arranged releasably secured. The bite fork 17 is U-shaped in plan view, with two free legs 33a . 33b in the direction of the patient 3 and from the center carrier 32 are arranged away. The bite fork 17 is one-piece with a mounting section 34 formed, wherein the attachment portion 34 at the center carrier 32 is clipped on and perpendicular to the center girder 32 arranged cross member 35 is up or positively recorded. The attachment section 34 is formed circular in plan view, wherein this in the region of the center support 32 is broken.

At the free ends of the cross member 35 are linear devices 36a , b arranged, each of the linear devices 36a , b two rulers 37a , b, respectively 38a wears b. The rulers 37a , b, 38a , b are each formed as angular parts and have a vertical and / or parallel to the tripod 30 arranged insertion section 39a , b, 40a , b on, with which the rulers 37a , b, 38a , b in the cross member 35 are inserted by clamping. The ruler devices 36a , b allow it, the rulers 37a , b, 38a to adjust b individually in height, but constructively ensures that the rulers 37a , b, 38a , b always horizontal and / or horizontal and also parallel to the center girder 32 or to a midline 41 the bite fork 17 are aligned.

In the middle of the attachment section 34 at the crossroads between the center carrier 32 and crossbeams 35 is a bubble level 42 arranged with which a user the horizontal and / or horizontal orientation of the head frame 16 and with it the head frame 16 connected bite fork 17 can check. in particular, the removal device 11 arranged such that the bubble level 42 indicates a horizontal and / or horizontal position.

On the bite fork 17 opposite side of the head section 16 is a mirror section 43 arranged above the center girder 32 as a boom to the head frame 16 is connected. The mirror section 43 is with its mirroring side in the direction of the bite fork 17 and thus in the direction of the patient 3 directed. The plane of the mirror section 43 is perpendicular to the midline 41 aligned. From the height is the mirror section 43 designed and / or arranged to be a patient 3 who's the bite fork 17 as an intraoral section in the mouth, in a horizontal and / or horizontal direction of the mirror section 43 to be able to look himself in the eye to adjust his posture upright and straight.

How to get out of the 1 results, the removal device 11 a height adjustment device 44 on, which allows the headrest 16 in height, but it is ensured that the bite fork 17 always in horizontal and / or horizontal orientation.

Looking at the bite fork 17 in the 5 . 6 . 7 , something more accurate, so this has a circulation 45 for a Abformmittel, which also U-shaped on the Bißgael 17 is applied. The impression means serves the dental arch contour of the dental arch of the patient's upper jaw 3 abzuformen. Within the edition 45 For example, there are two surveys 47 arranged, which form a Verrutschsicherung for Abformmittel. The edition 45 forms at least in part a reference surface area 46 , where the reference surface area 46 is formed as a flat surface area, which is the top of the bite fork 17 forms. This reference area 46 is by positioning the bite fork 17 on the tripod 30 horizontally and / or horizontally aligned.

The bite fork 17 has a pedestal 48 on, which in the common area of the free thighs 33a , b is arranged and which one Support surface for anterior teeth of the patient 3 provides. On the pedestal 48 and on the bite fork 17 is the center line 41 plotted, which are symmetrical to the two thighs 33a , b the bite fork 17 extends. In an angular range of about plus / minus five degrees are reference lines ( 7 ), which starting from the center of the pedestal 48 , ie the approximate position of the anterior teeth, towards a meeting place 50 are directed, with the distance between the assumed tooth line and the meeting point 50 is approximately 4.5 centimeters and approximately equal to the distance between the anterior teeth and the chewing center of a human.

In the impression of the transfer key 5 Now proceed as follows:

The removal device 11 is perpendicular to the ground and has the headstand 16 on where the bite fork 17 is arranged. The reference surface area 46 the bite fork 17 is aligned exactly horizontally. On the bite fork 17 a deformable mass is applied as a mold and the bite fork 17 in the patient's mouth 3 approximately midway between the dental arch of the upper jaw and the dental arch of the lower jaw with the patient's mouth slightly open 3 retracted. The bite fork 17 gets so far into the patient's mouth 3 moved so that the front teeth of the patient 3 on the pedestal 48 can be stored. In a next step, the patient becomes 3 instructed in the mirror section 43 to look yourself in the eye. This self-adjustment of the patient 3 This results in a straight, natural posture, so that its upper jaw and lower jaw are correctly positioned according to their natural posture. In a next step is about the height adjustment 44 the height of the bite fork 17 enlarged so that the bite fork 17 and the impression means disposed thereon against the dental arch of the patient's upper jaw 3 is pressed. Optionally, the patient can 3 be instructed to move the lower jaw against the upper jaw. Below are the rulers 37a , b, 38a , b on facial lines of the patient 3 be adjusted to the patient's head posture 3 to be able to examine. By the height adjustment of the tripod 30 via the height adjustment device 44 becomes the dental arch contour of the upper jaw of the patient 3 molded and in this way the transmission key 5 educated.

The transfer key 5 carries on the top of a negative impression to the teeth of the dental arch of the upper jaw and on the underside as an imprint of the reference surface area 46 a support surface A, which forms a reference surface for a horizontal or horizontal reference plane. Provided that the front teeth of the patient in straight line of sight on the mirror section 43 not centered to the midline 41 arranged, but laterally offset to be positioned, can through the reference lines 49 a shift on the frontal level is taken and documented.

Furthermore, in a known manner, the upper dental arch model 1 shaped.

In the 3a , b are the upper dental arch model 1 as well as the transfer key 5 shown. In the 3a is the upper dental arch model 1 shown in a plan view, wherein in addition to the teeth Z1-Z8 complement a Gaumennahtlinie 19 is represented as a palate reference. The palate seam line 19 is usually an impression on the upper dental arch model 1 , For later clarification were on the palatal line 19 added three circles. Further, on the upper dental arch model 1 two marks of the chewing center 20 attached, which are located centrally to the sixth tooth Z6 or between the sixth and seventh tooth Z6-Z7. Such marking of the chewing center 20 can after molding in a simple manner on the upper dental arch model 1 be applied. In the 3b is the upper dental arch model 1 with the teeth Z1-Z8 and the transmission key 5 in a lateral view in each case in a highly schematized manner, wherein on the underside of the transmission key 5 Again, the flat support surface A as a reference for the horizontal plane in the decrease of the transfer key 5 from the patient 3 can be seen. The upper dental arch model 1 is precisely in its negative impression in the transfer key 5 used. Again 3b it can be seen is an actual occlusion angle beta of the actual occlusal plane IO of the upper dental arch model 1 a value of about 10 ° relative to the flat support surface A a.

The 4a and 4b show the positioning of the transmission key 5 and the upper dental arch model 1 on the positioning device 4 , This will be the upper dental arch model 1 and the transfer key 5 set together so that the flat bearing surface A on the support surface 10 lying flat. The actual height of the upper dental arch model 1 in relation to the support surface 10 is determined by the thickness of the transfer key 5 influenced. So it is possible for one, that the transfer key 5 is removed so that the underside of one of the anterior teeth Z1 is pierced, so that they form an occlusion point O, which directly on the support surface 10 rests and thereby the height of the upper dental arch model 10 Are defined. However, it is also possible that the transmission key 5 has a height offset, so that the upper dental arch model 10 parallel offset in height relative to the support surface 10 is put on. In In this case, too, the anterior tooth line must 14 be offset by the same amount in height, in which case on the support surface 10 a vertically projected anterior tooth line 14 to measure the length L is used.

In a next step, the palatal suture line becomes 19 congruent with the palatal aid line 13 set. Further, the marks of the chewing centers 20 congruent with the chewing center auxiliary line 12 set.

As is clear from the 4b to d, this operation becomes the transfer key 5 with its flat support surface A on the support surface 10 placed. It is irrelevant whether the anterior teeth Z1 actually exactly on the anterior tooth line 14 lie ( 4b ), or survive ( 4c ) or are set back from this ( 4d ) as long as the chewing center 20 always on the chewing center auxiliary line 12 lie. Such a displacement of the anterior teeth Z1 with respect to the anterior tooth line 14 can z. B. by different distances L between the chewing centers 20 and the anterior teeth. As is clear from the 4b to 4d results, is the actual occlusal plane IO of the upper dental arch model 1 in the 4b congruent with the target occlusal plane 15 and at the 4c and 4d moved parallel to it. The closing angle resulting from the positioning changes for the area of the chewing centers 20 not or only insignificantly.

In a next method step, the thus pre-positioned upper dental arch model 1 with the swivel section 7 connected. Subsequently, as is conventionally known, the relative position between the upper dental arch model via a registration 1 and the lower dental arch model 9 set and the lower dental arch model 9 with the rest section 6 connected.

The 5 shows in the side view again schematized the positioning of the upper dental arch model 1 in the articulator 2 , From the upper dental arch model 1 However, only the teeth Z1 and Z6 are outlined. The distance between the pivot axis 8th and the chewing center 20 is in the range 70 mm to 120 mm. The distance L between the chewing center auxiliary line 12 and anterior tooth line 14 is between 30 mm and 60 mm in the plane of the support surface 10 , The anterior tooth Z1 forms an occlusion point O with the latter on the support surface 10 rests or even pierces them easily. Through the pivot axis 8th and the anterior tooth help line 14 becomes the target occlusal plane 15 formed in the described positioning of the actual occlusal plane IO passing through the chewing centers 20 and the occlusion point O is formed equal to or at least parallel to it.

During a closing movement of the articulator 2 Consequently, a closing angle of 90 °, which comes very close to the real closing angle of the temporomandibular joint. By contrast, for illustrative purposes, a conventional pivot axis 22 drawn to show that in conventional positioning a closing angle of about 60 ° would result.

The positioning device 4 has a height adjustment 23 on which it allows, the bearing surface 10 to move in height. By such a height offset of the articulator 2 be set to another target occlusion angle alpha as another parameter.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Arch model

2

articulator

3

patient

4

positioning

5

Regis Trat

6

bearing section

7

pivot portion

8th

swivel axis

9

fastener

10

bearing surface

11

removal device

12

Kauzentrumhilfslinie

13

Palatal auxiliary line

14

Anterior teeth

15

DESIRED occlusal plane

16

headgear

17

bitefork

18

Arch model

19

Palatal line

20

masticatory

21

flat contact surface

22

conventional swivel axis

23

height adjustment

24

lower dental arch model

30

tripod

31

foot section

32

center support

33a, b

free thighs

34

attachment section

35

crossbeam

36a, b

ruler facilities

37a, b

rulers

38a, b

rulers

39a, b

insertion section

40a, b

insertion section

41

center line

42

Water level vial

43

mirror section

44

height adjustment device

45

edition

46

Reference area

47

surveys

48

podium

49

reference lines

50

meeting point

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10154994 A1 [0004]

Claims (19)

Take-off device ( 11 ) for taking a dental arch contour from a patient ( 3 ), with an intraoral section ( 17 ), with the intraoral section ( 17 ) an edition ( 45 ) for an impression agent and a reference surface area ( 46 ), wherein the reference surface area ( 46 ) a part of the edition ( 45 ), so that the reference surface area ( 46 ) is molded into the impression material, characterized by a tripod ( 30 ), the tripod ( 30 ) is designed to be supported against a surrounding structure, and wherein the intraoral section ( 17 ) on the tripod ( 30 ) is supported and / or supported such that the reference surface area ( 46 ) is horizontally and / or horizontally aligned. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the intraoral portion as a bite fork ( 17 ) is trained. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reference surface area ( 46 ) as a flat top of the intraoral section, especially the bite fork ( 17 ) is trained. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the removal device ( 11 ) comprises the impression means, wherein the impression means is formed as a plastically deformable mass. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tripod ( 30 ) is designed as a wall stand. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tripod ( 30 ) is designed as a ground stand. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a height adjustment device ( 44 ) for height adjustment of the intraoral section ( 17 ). Take-off device ( 11 ) according to claim 7, characterized in that the height adjustment device ( 44 ) as a telescopic adjustment of the tripod ( 30 ) is trained. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the removal device ( 11 ) on both sides of the intraoral section ( 17 ) each have a ruler ( 36a , b), wherein the linear devices ( 36a , b) at least one, preferably two horizontally and / or horizontally extending ruler (s) ( 37a , b; 38a , b) comprise. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to claim 9, characterized in that the rulers ( 37a , b; 38a , b) relative to the intraoral section ( 17 ) are designed adjustable in height. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a mirror section ( 43 ), wherein the mirror section ( 43 ) perpendicular to the reference surface area ( 46 ) and perpendicular to a center line ( 41 ) of the intraoral section ( 17 ) is aligned. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a head frame ( 16 ), whereby the head frame ( 16 ) on the tripod ( 30 ) and the intraoral section ( 17 ) wearing. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to claim 12, characterized in that the head frame ( 16 ) two slide shots for clamping the rulers ( 37a , b; 38a , b). Take-off device ( 11 ) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the head frame ( 16 ) a boom ( 32 ), wherein the mirror portion ( 43 ) on the boom ( 32 ) is arranged. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a center reference line ( 41 ), the middle reference line ( 41 ) congruent with one or the center line ( 41 ) of the intraoral section. Take-off device ( 11 ) according to claim 15, characterized by a family of curves of reference lines ( 49 ), whereby the set of curves of the reference lines ( 49 ) in an angular range of +/- 5 ° around the center reference line ( 41 ). Take-off device ( 11 ) according to claim 15, characterized by a family of curves of reference lines, wherein the family of curves of the reference lines are parallel to the center reference line ( 41 ) are arranged. Set comprising the removal device ( 11 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an articulator ( 2 ) with a support section ( 6 ) and with a pivoting section ( 7 ), wherein the support section ( 6 ) and the pivoting section ( 7 ) via a pivot axis ( 8th ) are pivotally connected to each other, wherein the pivoting portion ( 7 ) an upper receptacle for an upper dental arch model ( 1 ) and the Pad section one ( 6 ) lower receptacle for a lower dental arch model ( 24 ), with a positioning device ( 4 ), wherein the positioning device ( 4 ) fixed to the support section ( 6 ) is arranged and / or can be arranged, wherein the positioning device ( 4 ) a horizontal bearing surface ( 10 ) as a support surface ( 10 ), wherein relative to the positioning device ( 4 ) a palatal aid line ( 13 ) and a chewing center auxiliary line ( 12 ) and a target occlusal plane ( 15 ) and an anterior tooth line ( 14 ), wherein in a projection onto the plane of the support surface ( 10 ) the chewing center auxiliary line ( 12 ) in an angular range of +/- 5 ° to a parallel to the projected pivot axis ( 8th ) and the palatal aid ( 13 ) in an angular range of +/- 5 ° to a perpendicular to the projected pivot axis ( 8th ) and wherein in a side view the pivot axis ( 8th ) parallel and offset in height to the support surface ( 10 ), wherein the anterior tooth line ( 14 ) or the projected anterior tooth line ( 14 ) parallel to the pivot axis ( 8th ) by a length L from the chewing center auxiliary line ( 12 ) and the target occlusal plane ( 15 ) through the pivot axis ( 8th ) and the anterior tooth line ( 14 ) and to the support surface ( 10 ) assumes a target occlusion angle between 1 ° and 20 °. Set according to claim 18, characterized in that the articulator ( 2 ) has a set of cleft palate additional lines, wherein the palatal additional lines parallel to the perpendicular to the projected pivot axis ( 8th ) arranged palatal aid ( 13 ) are arranged.

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