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DE19937315A1 - Process for detecting and producing tempered channels in molds comprises determining the number, course and the shape of the channels using thermoanalysis, converting into CNC data - Google Patents

Process for detecting and producing tempered channels in molds comprises determining the number, course and the shape of the channels using thermoanalysis, converting into CNC data

Info

Publication number
DE19937315A1
DE19937315A1 DE19937315A DE19937315A DE19937315A1 DE 19937315 A1 DE19937315 A1 DE 19937315A1 DE 19937315 A DE19937315 A DE 19937315A DE 19937315 A DE19937315 A DE 19937315A DE 19937315 A1 DE19937315 A1 DE 19937315A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
channels
shape
course
thermoanalysis
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19937315A
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German (de)
Inventor
Friedrich Stummer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mueller Weingarten AG
Original Assignee
Mueller Weingarten AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mueller Weingarten AG filed Critical Mueller Weingarten AG
Priority to DE19937315A priority Critical patent/DE19937315A1/en
Publication of DE19937315A1 publication Critical patent/DE19937315A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/02Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • B22D17/2218Cooling or heating equipment for dies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/007Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of moulds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3842Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Process for detecting and producing tempered channels in thermally loaded molds produced by a molding process such as laser sintering comprises determining the number, course and the shape of the channels in a first theoretical phase using thermoanalysis, converting the results into CNC data in a second phase, and regulating a material-application device using this data in a third phase. Preferred Features: The course of the tempered channels can follow in molds of any shape. The channels can have any cross-section and the cross-section is not constant.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht Sich auf Formen die bei der Teileproduktion nach dem Druck- oder Spritzgussverfahren Verwendung finden und insbesondere auf ein Verfahren zur Gestaltung und Herstellung von Heiz- und Kühlkanälen in den Formen.The invention relates to forms in the Parts production according to the pressure or injection molding process Find use and in particular to a method for Design and manufacture of heating and cooling channels in the To form.

Ein wesentlicher Faktor für die Produktion guter Druck- oder Spritzgussteile ist die Wärmebilanz in der Form. Dabei muss vor Inbetriebnahme die Form vorsichtig erwärmt und während der Produktion, zur Vermeidung örtlicher Überhitzung, gekühlt werden. Dieser Temperierungsprozess erfordert grösste Sorgfalt, da die Wärmezu- oder -abfuhr nicht nur die Standzeit der Form verbessert, sondern auch einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Teilequalität hat. So ist z. B. für ein lunkerfreies und feinkörniges Gefüge des Gußstückes eine geregelte Erstarrung zwingend erforderlich.An essential factor for the production of good printing or Injection molded parts is the heat balance in the mold. Do this before Putting the mold carefully warmed up and during the Production, cooled to avoid local overheating become. This tempering process requires the greatest care, since the heat supply or dissipation does not only mean the service life of the mold improved, but also a significant impact on the Part quality. So z. B. for a void-free and fine-grained structure of the casting a controlled solidification absolutely necessary.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Durch Entwicklung moderner Berechnungsmethoden, Meß- und Regelverfahren besteht ein hoher Kenntnisstand über die Wärmeverteilung in einer Form. By developing modern calculation methods, measuring and Control procedures there is a high level of knowledge about the Heat distribution in one mold.  

Aus der WO 88/02688 ist ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung bekannt, in dem beim Spritzgussprozess eine Vielzahl von Temperaturmesstellen und deren einheitliche Überwachung offenbart ist. Gegenstand der Offenbarung ist auch die Analyse der gegenseitigen Beeinflussung der einzelnen Temperaturwerte und eine gemeinsame Regelung aller Messtellen.WO 88/02688 describes a method and a device known in which a large number of injection molding processes Temperature measuring points and their uniform monitoring is disclosed. Analysis is also the subject of the disclosure the mutual influence of the individual temperature values and a common regulation of all measuring points.

Eine messtechnische Erfassung des gesamten Wärmehaushaltes bei der Fertigung von Druckgussteilen wird auch in einem Aufsatz in der Fachzeitschrift "Geisserei 81 (1994) Nr. 13, Seite 452 und 453" beschrieben.A measurement of the entire heat balance in the production of die-cast parts is also described in an article in the journal "Geisserei 81 ( 1994 ) No. 13, pages 452 and 453".

Beiden Veröffentlichungen gemeinsam ist das Ziel die Fertigungssicherheit zu erhöhen und damit die Qualität der Gußteile zu steigern. Keine Lösung wird dagegen für einen in seinem Einfluß ganz wesentlichen Aspekt, nämlich der Optimierung der Heiz- und Kühlkanäle in Querschnitt und Lage aufgezeigt.The goal of both publications is the Increase manufacturing reliability and thus the quality of the Increase castings. However, no solution will be found for one in his influence very important aspect, namely the Optimization of the heating and cooling channels in cross-section and position shown.

Das auch heute noch übliche Herstellverfahren von Formen und Formeinsätzen ist eine spanende Bearbeitung wie Fräsen oder Erodieren, Heiz- und Kühlbohrungen werden durch Bohren mittels Bohrwerkzeugen eingebracht. Damit können nur geradlinige Bohrungen hergestellt werden. Dies ist unbefriedigend, da auf diese Weise nur unvollkommen den geometrischen und thermischen Verhältnissen der herzustellenden Teile und des Herstellungsprozesses entsprochen werden kann. Versuche durch mehrere untereinander verbundene Bohrungen den entstehenden thermischen Verhältnissen zu entsprechen, führen zu einer teuren Bearbeitung bei gleichzeitiger Schwächung der formbildenden Teile und selbst dann ist das Ergebnis nur ein Kompromis. Die Grenzen der mechanischen Bearbeitung durch Bohren der Kanäle zeigt sich auch deutlich im Bereich von schmalen, hohen Rippen wo eine zylindrische Bohrung sowohl problematisch einbringbar ist und darüber hinaus die gestellte Aufgabe keineswegs erfüllt. The manufacturing process for molds and molds that is still common today Molding is machining such as milling or EDM, heating and cooling holes are made by drilling Drilling tools introduced. It can only be used for straight lines Holes are made. This is unsatisfactory on there this way only imperfect the geometric and thermal Ratios of the parts to be manufactured and the Manufacturing process can be met. Try through several interconnected holes the resulting thermal conditions lead to a expensive processing while weakening the shape-forming parts and even then the result is only one Compromise. The limits of mechanical processing Drilling the channels is also clearly evident in the area of narrow, high ribs where both a cylindrical bore problematic can be introduced and also the posed Task never accomplished.  

Aufgabe und Vorteil der ErfindungObject and advantage of the invention

Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen und stellt sich die Aufgabe ein Verfahren vorzuschlagen, welches unter Einbeziehung von Computer-(CA-)Techniken zu einer Optimierung der Gestaltung von Heiz- und Kühlkanälen bei thermisch belasteten Formen führt. Unter Gestaltung ist dabei sowohl die Lage der Kanäle, als auch ihren Verlauf, sowie Querschnittsgrösse und Querschnittsform gemeint.Here, the invention seeks to remedy the situation Task to propose a procedure that involves of computer (CA) techniques to optimize the design of heating and cooling channels in thermally stressed molds leads. Under design, both the location of the channels, as well as their course, as well as cross-sectional size and Cross-sectional shape meant.

Diese Aufgabe wird ausgehend von einem Herstellverfahren für Formen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruch 1, durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruch 1 gelöst.This task is based on a manufacturing process for Forms according to the preamble of claim 1, by the characterizing features of claim 1 solved.

Die Erfindung geht dabei von der Tatsache aus, das bereits während der Konstruktionsphase unter Nutzung der CAD-Technik entstandenen Datensätze ein räumliches Formmodel ergeben. In einer mittels Finite Elemente Berechnung durchgeführten Thermoanalyse des Formmodels kann eine Optimierung der Erwärmung bzw. Kühlung der Form simuliert wird. Die daraus gewonnenen Erkenntnisse ermöglichen dann als CNC-Datensätze die Herstellung der realen Form. Durch moderne Fertigungsverfahren ist jede technisch sinnvolle Gestaltung der Form und damit der Heiz- und Kühlkanäle möglich. Diese neuen Fertigungstechnologien basieren nicht auf einer abtragenden, spanenden Bearbeitung, sondern durch eine gezielte "Schichtauftragung" (Lom-Verfahren) oder punktuelles "Auftropfen" (Laser-Sintern) eines Werkstoffes werden die formbildenden Konturen oder Einsätze hergestellt. Diese Technologien sind eine wesentliche Weiterentwicklung der aus der Oberflächentechnik bekannten Verfahren, wie Metallspritzen oder Beschichtungen. Neue Forschungsarbeiten betreffen auch Laser, die sehr kurze Pulse im Picosekundenbereich erzeugen, mit möglichen Anwendungen in der Präzisionsbearbeitung. Als Werkstoff kann beim Laser-Sintern neben organischen oder anorganischen Material auch Metallpulver bzw. Metallschmelze aus Eisen- oder Nichteisenmetall verarbeitet werden. Diese Verarbeitung geschieht in dem ein durch 3D-CAD Daten oder den entsprechenden CNC-Daten geregelter Laser Partikel oder Tröpfchen mit hoher Genauigkeit positioniert. Es kann auch eine definierte Menge Pulver als gleichmässige Schicht in der gewünschten Kontur verteilt werden. Ein Laserstrahl wird dann rechnergesteuert rasterförmig über die Schicht geführt, die zuvor bis dicht an ihre Schmelztemperatur erwärmt wurde und durch die Energie des Laserstrahls entsteht eine lokale Verbindung der einzelnen Pulverkörnchens. Der Laserstrahl verfestigt somit die pulverförmigen Substanzen. Statt der Laserbewegung kann auch eine Werkstückbewegung erfolgen bei stationärem Laserstrahl. Es kann anschließend ein heissisostatisches Pressen zur Verdichtung und Verfestigung des Gefüges erfolgen. Durch dieses Verfahren entstehen dreidimensionale Objekte direkt aus den Daten der CAD- Konstruktion. Somit ist auch die Herstellung von Heiz- und Kühlkanälen in beliebiger Form, Lage und Verlauf möglich.The invention is based on the fact that already during the design phase using CAD technology resulting data sets result in a spatial shape model. In a finite element calculation Thermal analysis of the shape model can optimize the Heating or cooling of the mold is simulated. The one from it The knowledge gained then enables the CNC data sets Making the real shape. Through modern manufacturing processes is any technically meaningful design of the form and thus the Heating and cooling channels possible. These new ones Manufacturing technologies are not based on a machining, but through a targeted "Layer application" (Lom process) or selective "Dripping" (laser sintering) on a material shape-forming contours or inserts. This Technologies are an essential advancement of processes known from surface technology, such as metal spraying or coatings. New research also affects Lasers that generate very short pulses in the picosecond range, with possible applications in precision machining. As Material can be used in laser sintering in addition to organic or inorganic material also metal powder or molten metal made of ferrous or non-ferrous metal. This Processing takes place in the one by 3D CAD data or corresponding CNC data of controlled laser particles or  Droplets positioned with high accuracy. It can also be one defined amount of powder as a uniform layer in the desired contour can be distributed. A laser beam is then controlled by a computer controlled grid over the layer that has previously been heated to its melting temperature and The energy of the laser beam creates a local one Connection of the individual powder granules. The laser beam thus solidifies the powdery substances. Instead of the Laser movement can also result in a workpiece movement stationary laser beam. It can then be a hot isostatic pressing to compress and solidify the Structure. This procedure creates three-dimensional objects directly from the data of the CAD Construction. Thus, the production of heating and Cooling channels in any shape, position and course possible.

Der Kanal in einer schmalen Rippe kann statt eines zylindrischen Querschnittes jetzt auch in ovaler, rechteckiger oder anderer beliebiger Form ausgeführt werden. Das heisst optimale, prozessgeregelte Ausführungen sind möglich. Dieses gilt auch für Sektoren der Form die zuvor nicht erreicht wurden, ebenso wie für einen grosszügiger mit Radien oder anderen "weichen" Übergängen gestalteter Verlauf bei Richtungswechsel.The channel in a narrow rib can be instead of one cylindrical cross-section now also in oval, rectangular or any other form. This means optimal, process-controlled designs are possible. This also applies to sectors of the form that have not previously been reached were just as generous with radii or other "soft" transitions Change of direction.

Anhand der zwei Figuren wird diese neue Gestaltungsmöglichkeit bildlich dargestellt.This new design option is based on the two figures depicted.

Diese Figuren zeigen:These figures show:

Fig. 1 Querschnitt einer Form als "Stand der Technik" Fig. 1 a cross-sectional form as the "prior art"

Fig. 2 Querschnitt einer Form in der Gestaltung gemäß der Erfindung Fig. 2 cross section of a shape in the design according to the invention

Fig. 1 zeigt beispielhaft den Schnitt durch einen Formteil 1. Durch Pfeil 2 ist der Eintritt der Temperierflüssigkeit, durch Pfeil 3 deren Austritt gekennzeichnet. Insgesamt 8 Bohrungen müssten zur Herstellung der eigentlichen Temperierkanäle 4 eingebracht werden. Nachhaltig ist dabei neben dem hohen Fertigungsaufwand der Einsatz von Stopfen 5 deren Verwendung zu den bekannten Dichtproblemen führt, was durch Dehnung und Schrumpfung der Werkstoffe unter Temperatureinfluss unvermeidlich ist. Fig. 1 shows an example of the section through a molding 1. By arrow 2 is the entry of the bath, characterized by arrow 3 whose outlet. A total of 8 holes would have to be drilled to produce the actual temperature control channels 4 . In addition to the high manufacturing outlay, the use of plugs 5 , which leads to the known sealing problems, is sustainable, which is unavoidable due to the expansion and shrinkage of the materials under the influence of temperature.

Ein weiterer Nachteil ist das die durch Wärmestau besonders gefährdete Zonen 6 nicht mit den Kanälen 4 im erforderlichen Masse erreicht werden. Nur durch Bohrungen in der Formgravur könnte diesem abgeholfen werden, was sich aus Funktions- und Standzeitgründen verbietet.Another disadvantage is that the zones 6 which are particularly at risk from heat accumulation cannot be reached with the channels 4 to the required extent. This could only be remedied through holes in the form engraving, which is forbidden for functional and service life reasons.

In guter Anschaulichkeit ist die erfinderische Ausführungsform in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Es werden dabei auch die entscheidenden Zonen 6 erreicht und damit die Teilqualität verbessert, bei gleichzeitiger Erhöhung der Formstandzeit. Die Verwendung von Stopfen ist nicht erforderlich und der Verlauf des Temperierkanal 7 kann in optimaler Form gewählt werden. Besonders gut erkennbar ist auch der strömungsgünstige Verlauf von Temperierkanal 7.The inventive embodiment is shown in FIG. 2 in good clarity. It also reaches the decisive zones 6 and thus improves the part quality, while increasing the tool life. The use of plugs is not necessary and the course of the temperature control channel 7 can be selected in an optimal form. The flow-favorable course of temperature control channel 7 is also particularly clearly recognizable.

Beispielhafte Querschnittsgestaltungen im Verlauf des Temperierkanal 7 zeigen die Darstellungen 8, 9 und 10.Representations 8 , 9 and 10 show exemplary cross-sectional designs in the course of the temperature control channel 7 .

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Sie umfasst auch vielmehr alle Weiterbildungen im Rahmen der Schutzrechtsansprüche. So gilt diese in gleicher Weise auch für anschmelzbare Modelle aus organischen, anorganischen und metallischen Materialen mit integrierten geometrisch vielfältigen Temperierbohrung.The invention is not based on the illustrated Embodiment limited. Rather, it includes everyone Further training in the context of property rights claims. So applies this in the same way for fusible models organic, inorganic and metallic materials with integrated geometrically diverse tempering hole.

Claims (4)

1. Verfahren zur Ermittlung und Herstellung von Temperierkanälen (7) in thermisch belasteten Formen (1) die durch auftragende Formgebungsverfahren wie Laser-Sintern hergestellt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer ersten theoretischen Phase mittels Thermoanalyse die Anzahl, der Verlauf und die Form der Temperierkanäle ermittelt werden, dass in einer zweiten Phase die Ergebnisse in CNC-Daten umgesetzt werden und das in einer dritten Phase mittels dieser Daten die Regelung einer werkstoffauftragenden Einrichtung erfolgt.1. A method for the determination and production of temperature control channels ( 7 ) in thermally stressed molds ( 1 ) which are produced by application molding processes such as laser sintering, characterized in that in a first theoretical phase by means of thermal analysis the number, the course and the shape of the Temperature control channels are determined that in a second phase the results are converted into CNC data and in a third phase this data is used to control a material-applying device. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verlauf der Temperierkanäle (7) in Formen (1) beliebiger Form erfolgen kann.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the course of the temperature control channels ( 7 ) can take place in shapes ( 1 ) of any shape. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Querschnitt der Temperierkanäle (7) in beliebigen Formen gestaltet sein kann.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the temperature control channels ( 7 ) can be designed in any shape. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass der Querschnitt eines Temperierkanal nicht konstant ist.4. The method according to claim 1 and 3, characterized that the cross section of a temperature control channel is not constant.
DE19937315A 1999-08-10 1999-08-10 Process for detecting and producing tempered channels in molds comprises determining the number, course and the shape of the channels using thermoanalysis, converting into CNC data Ceased DE19937315A1 (en)

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DE19937315A DE19937315A1 (en) 1999-08-10 1999-08-10 Process for detecting and producing tempered channels in molds comprises determining the number, course and the shape of the channels using thermoanalysis, converting into CNC data

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DE19937315A DE19937315A1 (en) 1999-08-10 1999-08-10 Process for detecting and producing tempered channels in molds comprises determining the number, course and the shape of the channels using thermoanalysis, converting into CNC data

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WO2005025779A2 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-24 Ex One Corporation Layered manufactured articles having small-width fluid conduction vents and methods of making same
DE102004032093A1 (en) * 2004-07-01 2006-01-26 Concept Laser Gmbh Component produced by selective laser sintering and/or laser melting used as a tool, tool insert, cooling and heating element or nozzle element comprises a turbulence element arranged in the region of a flow channel
EP1661640A1 (en) * 2004-11-24 2006-05-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing a lost pattern and a core introduced into the pattern
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DE102009016110A1 (en) * 2009-04-03 2010-10-14 Tutech Innovation Gmbh Method for the production of a mold insert for a casting mold for injection molding, comprises applying a powder forming material in a thin layer on a base surface and melting a defined area of the layer with a high energetic beam
DE102012000694A1 (en) * 2012-01-16 2013-07-18 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Method for preparing piston for combustion engine, involves preparing layer for forming recess portion for cooling medium and/or for forming determination element
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DE102016004959A1 (en) 2016-04-23 2017-10-26 Audi Ag Forming tool for forming metal or non-metal materials
DE102016008282A1 (en) 2016-07-07 2018-01-11 Audi Ag Method for tempering an engagement contour of a tool insert of a forming tool for cold forming of metal materials and forming tool for performing the method
DE102016113507A1 (en) 2016-07-21 2018-01-25 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH ONE-PIECE TOOL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CASED SHAPED PARTS
DE202017106450U1 (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-07-09 Schaufler Tooling Gmbh & Co.Kg Mold with cooling system
US10029313B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2018-07-24 Kennametal Inc. Tool holder for a cutting insert and process for manufacturing the tool holder
WO2019094262A1 (en) * 2017-11-10 2019-05-16 General Electric Company Additive manufacturing using growth build wall heat passageways
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