DE102016004959B4 - Forming tool for forming metal or non-metal materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Shaping tool (1) for forming metal or non-metal materials with at least one base body (2), on which at least one tool insert (3) with an engagement contour (3.1) is arranged, - a main fluid channel (4), which along the engagement contour (3.1 ) is arranged extending within the tool insert (3), and- several secondary fluid channels (4.1), which the main fluid channel (4) with an active surface (3.2) of the engagement contour (3.1) for passing wetting medium to the active surface (3.2) of the engagement contour (3.1 ), wherein by the wetting medium on the active surface (3.2) a lubricating and / or cooling effect is effected.

Description

The invention relates to a forming tool for forming metal or non-metal materials with at least one base body on which at least one tool insert is arranged with an engagement contour.

With forming tools for forming metal or non-metal materials cutting, stamping, forming, bending or post-forming processes are performed. These forming tools are used for the production of small and large sheet metal parts, but especially large body parts of a vehicle. In this case, thin-walled starting materials, such as sheet steel or aluminum sheet trays are generally used, with special shaping tools being required for each individual body part.

The forming tools comprise tool inserts with an engagement contour for realizing the cutting, embossing, bending or post-forming processes and are produced as separate components and connected to a base body, which may be a tool base, a tool shell or a slider.

Furthermore, shaping tools for hot working of metal materials are known, wherein the hot working takes place above the recrystallization temperature of a metal. In the hot forming processes, it is necessary that the heat be dissipated as quickly as possible both from the hot-formed component and from the hot-forming tool and, therefore, cooling is required particularly in such a hot-forming tool.

So is, for example, from the DE 199 37 315 A1 a method for the production of tempering channels of thermally loaded forms, which are used in the manufacture of components by the printing or injection molding process.

Furthermore, also describes the DE 10 2004 032 093 B4 a tool or a tool insert, which is penetrated by a flow channel, which is formed for example as a cooling channel.

Finally, that describes DE 197 40 502 A1 a method of manufacturing components having a near-surface flow and distribution system for liquids and / or gases used to cool, heat or lubricate the components. Furthermore, in this DE 197 40 502 A1 It should be noted that such flow systems can be realized as cooling channels, so that vaporize gaseous or liquid coolant during an adhesive process and absorb its heat on the way these cooling channels of the component, which are then cooled in a cooler. Exemplary of such components are electrical machines, turbines, internal combustion engines, tools, such as injection molds.

It is known that when shear cutting of sheet materials due to internal friction in the elastic and plastic deformation of the sheet, a temperature increase takes place in the shear cutting zone, so a part of the deformation work in the shear zone dissipated in heat. The resulting increase in temperature may adversely affect the shear cutting process (see Demmel, P., Hirsch, M. Golle, R .: Hoffmann, H .: In-situ temperature measurement in the shearing zone during sheet metal blanking advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, Istanbul, 2011).

Furthermore, it is known that when shearing completely dry sheets on the cutting edge of the tool insert, the highest wear occurs. Lubricating the tool with punching oil leads to a reduction in wear.

That's how it describes EP 1 525 927 A1 in that frictional forces, which are reduced by the application of lubricant to the sheet metal or the mold halves to be formed, occur when a sheet to be formed is applied to mold halves. Furthermore, from this EP 1 525 927 A1 a method for processing a metal sheet by means of a combined punching / forming machine, in which an air-oil mixture at a distance from the working location of the forming tool sprayed onto a sheet metal position to be formed and then this lubricated sheet metal position is moved to a machining tool. For this purpose, a spraying device is arranged laterally offset from a punching or forming tool such that the underside of the sheet is lubricated. Alternatively, an arrangement is proposed so that the top surface of the sheet is lubricated.

The DE 199 44 722 A1 describes a forming tool consisting of a punch and a die as mold halves forming tool for the forming of metallic materials. On a mold surface of the mold halves which determines the shape of the material to be formed, a feed line for the transport of a lubricant opens. The control of the lubricant inflow can be realized by means of a ball, which closes the opening formed by the feed line on the mold surface in a spring-loaded manner. If the material to be reshaped becomes the ball from the mold surface pushed away, lubricant can be transported to the mold surface to reduce frictional forces during forming of the material. Another possibility for applying the lubricant to the mold surface is according to this DE 199 44 722 A1 in that to let the supply line connected to a lubricant pressure vessel on the mold surface only with a small diameter bore. The application of the lubricant to the mold surface is effected by controlling the pressure in the pressure vessel.

Furthermore, from the DE 102 02 201 A1 a method for forming metal sheets, hollow bodies or pipes as workpieces with a tool is known in which oil is introduced to reduce friction between the tool and the workpiece via extending in the tool lines. These lines are perpendicular to the mold surface.

Also the JP 2005-169 394 A describes a forming tool consisting of a tool base with a trough-shaped die and a tool shell with a punch. In the lower tool part fluid channels are arranged, which end for the transport of cooling liquid on the surface of the die in injection nozzles.

Finally, also from the JP 2007-075834A a forming tool consisting of a die and a punch, wherein within the punch in the direction of movement parallel and valves having channels for transporting cooling liquid are provided on the surface of the punch.

It is an object of the invention to provide an improved forming tool for forming metal or non-metallic materials, with which a lubricating and / or cooling effect is achieved during the forming process.

This object is achieved by a shaping tool for forming metal or non-metal materials with the features of patent claim 1.

• - wenigstens einem Grundkörper, an welchem wenigstens ein Werkzeugeinsatz mit einer Eingriffskontur angeordnet ist,
• - einem Hauptfluidkanal, welcher entlang der Eingriffskontur innerhalb des Werkzeugeinsatzes verlaufend angeordnet ist,
• - mehreren Nebenfluidkanälen, welche den Hauptfluidkanal mit einer Aktivfläche der Eingriffskontur zum Durchleiten von einem eine Schmier- und/oder Kühlwirkung bewirkenden Benetzungsmedium an die Oberfläche der Eingriffskontur verbinden.

According to the invention, a shaping tool for forming metal and non-metal materials is provided with

• at least one base body on which at least one tool insert with an engagement contour is arranged,
• a main fluid channel which is arranged to run along the engagement contour within the tool insert,
• - A plurality of secondary fluid channels, which connect the main fluid channel with an active surface of the engagement contour for passing a lubrication and / or cooling effect causing wetting medium to the surface of the engagement contour.

With such a shaping tool according to the invention, it is possible to dose precisely only a small area of the surface, i. To wet the active surface of the engagement contour and the machined from the engagement contour portion with a wetting medium. Thus, the amount of the applied wetting medium can be controlled, so that, for example, in an oiling by means of an oil-containing fluid extremely economical use is made possible. On the other hand, even when using the wetting medium for cooling the engagement contour and the component area to be machined, the applied amount can be sufficiently increased. The active surface of the engagement contour is that surface which is brought into contact with or in the immediate vicinity with a component to be machined from a metal material, for example a metal sheet or non-metal material. In the case of a cutting blade, this is the cutting surface adjoining the cutting edge as an engagement edge. This cutting surface is wetted by means of a wetting medium, which emerges from the Nebenfluidkanälen on this cutting surface.

With this shaping tool according to the invention, a separate spraying device for applying a wetting medium to the engagement contour and / or the component to be machined is dispensed with. In addition, the auxiliary fluid channel can be specifically introduced in the tool insert where critical areas are located.

It is also possible by means of compressed air to apply the wetting medium in the form of drops or as an aerosol or mist.

The main fluid channel can run in the region of the engagement contour, but does not have to follow exactly the course of the engagement contour, but can also bridge sections of the engagement contour, which, for example, have a loop-shaped course. Thus, either a small distance between the main fluid channel and the active surface with the result of a short length of the secondary fluid channel or a large distance may arise in some areas, as a result of which the length of the secondary fluid channel to the active surface becomes large.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention is for shearing a metallic material of the tool insert as Cutting knife with a cutting edge designed as an engagement contour.

According to another advantageous development of the invention, the tool insert is designed as a shaping jaw with at least one shaping surface as an engagement contour for embossing, folding or setting a metallic material.

It is particularly advantageous if, according to further development, the main fluid channel is formed with a circular cross-section in order to guide a wetting medium through the tool insert.

It is particularly advantageous if, as a further development, the secondary fluid channel is formed with a smaller cross-sectional area compared to the cross-sectional area of the main fluid channel. In this way, targeted small droplets of the fluid can be dispensed without requiring a high pressure.

Finally, a last preferred development of the invention provides that a nozzle element is provided in the transition of the secondary fluid channel to the surface of the engagement contour.

• 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Werkzeugunterteils eines Formgebungswerkzeugs zum Scherschneiden mit einem Hauptfluidkanal und Nebenfluidkanälen gemäß der Erfindung,
• 2 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Hauptfluidkanals mit Nebenfluidkanälen des Formgebungswerkzeug nach 1,
• 3 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Ausschnittes eines Werkzeugeinsatzes des Formgebungswerkzeugs nach 1 mit einem Hauptfluidkanal und zugehörigen Nebenfluidkanälen, und
• 4 eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß Schnitt A-A des Werkzeugunterteils nach 1.

The invention will now be described in detail by means of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:

• 1 3 is a perspective view of a tool lower part of a shaping tool for shearing with a main fluid channel and secondary fluid channels according to the invention,
• 2 a perspective view of the main fluid channel with auxiliary fluid channels of the forming tool after 1 .
• 3 a perspective view of a section of a tool insert of the forming tool after 1 with a main fluid channel and associated tributary fluid channels, and
• 4 a sectional view according to section AA of the tool part after 1 ,

In 1 is a shaping tool 1 for shearing only with a tool lower part as main body 2 shown. At this body 2 is as a tool insert 3 a cutting blade with a cutting edge as engagement contour 3.1 arranged.

For wetting the engagement contour 3.1 , So the cutting knife with a wetting medium extends within the tool insert 3 along the engagement contour 3.1 , So the cutting edge is a main fluid channel 4 through which the wetting medium is passed, starting from this main fluid channel 4 In addition to fluid channels 4.1 on the active surface 3.2 , ie the cutting surface of the cutting edge and thereby the wetting medium on this active surface 3.2 can escape, like this 3 is apparent.

As wetting media oil or oily liquids, such as emulsions or other liquids, such as, for example, ethanol for use. The application of the wetting medium on the active surface 3.2 occurs either in droplet form when the wetting medium in the main fluid channel 4 is conveyed, or as an aerosol or mist, when the wetting medium by means of compressed air in the main fluid channel 4 is encouraged. With this application of a wetting medium directly on the active surface 3.2 the engagement contour 3.1 , So on the cutting surface of the cutting edge a lubricating and / or cooling effect is achieved in the shear cutting process.

From the sectional view to 4 it can be seen that the main fluid channel 4 close to the engagement contour 3.1 , ie guided along the cutting edge. The main fluid channel 4 So follows the course of the engagement contour 3.1 in particular, as stated by 2 is apparent. The secondary fluid channels 4.1 go from the main fluid channel 4 off and end on the active area 3.2 the engagement contour 3.1 , - So on the cutting surface of the cutting edge.

The main fluid channel 4 however, does not have to be exactly the course of the engagement contour 3.1 but can also follow sections of the engaging contour 3.1 bridge, for example, have a loop-shaped course. Thus, either partially a small distance between the main fluid channel 4 and the active area 3.2 with the consequence of a short length of the secondary fluid channel 4.1 or a large distance arise in some areas, as a result, the length of the secondary fluid channel 4.1 to the active area 3.2 gets big. However, it is possible to use the main fluid channel 4 engaging contour of the engagement contour 3.1 to follow or generally a large distance to the engagement contour 3.1 observed.

To the wetting medium the main fluid channel 4 or from the main fluid channel 4 To be able to dissipate, each end of the ducts 4.2 and 4.3 on the body 2 , That is, the tool lower part arranged, the example. Substantially perpendicular to the course of the main fluid channel 4 can be flanged to the same. At the ends of this channel neck 4 , 2 and 4. 3 are channel openings through which the wetting medium can be added or removed.

For conveying the wetting medium through the main fluid channel 4 and the tributary fluid channels 4.1 For example, it is possible to use a fluid delivery system with a printed product unit with which one can atomize the wetting medium from the secondary fluid channels 4.1 leading pressure is generated. Thus, both oily fluids, liquids, such as. Emulsions and other liquids such as. Ethanol sprayed or sprayed as an aerosol or mist.

From the 2 . 3 and 4 it can be seen that the main fluid channel 4 and the Nebenfluidkanäle 4.1 are each formed with a circular cross-section. Here, the diameter of the Nebenfluidkanäle 4.1 much smaller than the diameter of the main fluid channel 4 , whereby the Nebenfluidkanäle 4.1 unfold a nozzle-like effect with respect to the wetting medium. In addition, both for the main channel 4 as well as for the Nebenfluidkanäle 4.1 other cross-sectional shapes are used.

It is also possible the Nebenfluidkanäle 4.1 to realize with a larger cross-section and at the outlet to the active surface 3.2 to provide a nozzle.

With this on the basis of 1 to 4 explained forming tool 1 for wetting an engagement contour 3.1 , ie a cutting edge of a on a base body 2 arranged cutting blade as a tool insert 3 a forming tool 1 For cold forming of metal materials is the engagement contour 3.1 through one in the tool insert 3 extending main fluid channel 4 via associated with this Nebenfluidkanäle to the active surface 3.2 directed and thus realized a lubricating and / or cooling effect in the shear cutting process.

The wetting of an active surface of an engagement contour by means of a main fluid channel and auxiliary fluid channels emanating therefrom is applicable to all methods of cold forming metal materials and can be realized by means of correspondingly suitable shaping tools. In such a shaping tool for embossing, bending or for setting a metallic material of the tool insert is designed as a forming, embossing, Abkant- or Einstellbacke with at least one forming surface as an engagement contour, wherein in such a mold jaw also a main fluid channel for introducing a wetting medium along the Engagement contour is guided, wherein the wetting medium is applied to the active surface of the engagement contour via associated with the main fluid channel Nebenfluidkanäle.

In the embodiment according to the 1 to 4 is a main fluid channel 4 with secondary fluid channels 4.1 in the tool insert 3 a tool base as a body 2 a forming tool 1 intended. Of course it is also possible to have such a main fluid channel 4 with associated Nebenfluidkanälen 4.1 to realize in a tool insert a tool shell.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Shaping tool,

2

body

3

tool insert

3.1

Engagement contour of the tool insert

3.2

Active surface of the engagement contour 3.1

4

Main fluid passage

4.1

In addition to fluid channel

4.2

duct connectors

4.3

duct connectors

Claims (6)

Shaping tool (1) for forming metal or non-metal materials with - At least one base body (2) on which at least one tool insert (3) with an engagement contour (3.1) is arranged, - A main fluid channel (4) which along the engagement contour (3.1) within the tool insert (3) is arranged to run, and - A plurality of secondary fluid channels (4.1) which connect the main fluid channel (4) with an active surface (3.2) of the engagement contour (3.1) for passing wetting medium to the active surface (3.2) of the engagement contour (3.1), wherein by the wetting medium on the active surface (3.2 ) a lubricating and / or cooling effect is effected. Shaping tool (1) according to Claim 1 in which the cutting edge of the tool insert (3) is a cutting blade with a cutting edge as the engagement contour (3.1). Shaping tool (1) according to Claim 1 in which for embossing, bending or for adjusting the tool insert (3) is a shaping jaw with at least one shaping surface as engagement contour (3.1). Shaping tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the main fluid channel (4) and the at least one secondary fluid channel (4.1) are formed with a circular cross-section. Shaping tool (1) according to Claim 4 in which the at least one secondary fluid channel (4.1) in comparison to the cross-sectional area of the Main fluid channel (4) is formed with a smaller cross-sectional area. Shaping tool (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5 in which a nozzle element is provided in the transition of the secondary fluid channel (4.1) to the active surface (3.2) of the engagement contour (3.1).

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