DE1455952A1 - Motor system with thermal engine and hydrostatic power transmission, especially for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Motor system with heat engine and hydrostatic power transmission, in particular for motor vehicles. The ErfindUrig relates to engine systems .of the type (* retr Explosionemotor or motor with progressive exot) a heat engine included and of a hydrostatic power transmission., From a generator engine '(or pump) "mit.veränderlicher.Abgabemenge consists, the said heat engine is taken along "'at least one receiving machine (or hydraulic motor) which is mechanically coupled to an organ to be driven, an outlet channel and a return channel, -which are arranged in a closed circuit (main circuit) between the generator machine and the receiving machine in particular, because it appears to be of greatest utility here, but not exclusively among power plants, the invention relates to those mounted in motor vehicles, the member to be driven in such a case being a drive wheel or group of drive wheels of the vehicle.

In the patent notification filed on April 28 , 1962 under the same name and title, it was already proposed to branch off a discharge line in systems of the type in question at the said outlet line, on which a progressive throttle element is arranged, which is influenced by the acceleration control of the heat engine.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the above-mentioned systems in such a way that that they meet certain practical requirements better than before, and in particular that they are even easier and safer to use.

In the systems of the type in question, the invention consists principally in providing means — that on the position of the acceleration control respond and in the sense of how this control in the direction of increasing fuel delivery, that is fed to the motor is shifted, progressively the above. called Closing the threat organ (i.e. progressively the proportion of the output of the generator machine to reduce that derived through the discharge line and the receiving machine is withdrawn) and the unit output (per revolution of the heat engine) of the Generator machine with a value of zero, which corresponds to the standstill of the organ to be driven corresponds to, to increase, said means advantageously on the pressure address a medium that circulates in an auxiliary circuit, the one under Has a pressurized medium source (such as a hydraulic pump with constant Unit output that is taken away by the heat engine) and a second progressive throttling device that controls a discharge of the auxiliary circuit, this latter organ being so influenced that by the acceleration control the pressure in said circuit at the same time as the acceleration control shift fluctuates. Apart from this j -Hauptanord voltage, the invention consists of certain other institutions, which are preferably used at the same time and which will be discussed in more detail below.

It is particularly aimed at a certain type of application (in motor vehicles) from, as well as on certain embodiments of the above-mentioned facilities. And furthermore it is aimed particularly in the property as a novel industrial Products are based on motor systems of the type in question which have the same equipment, the special elements for their construction as well as the assemblies (especially motor vehicles) that are set up with similar facilities.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following Description of an embodiment shown in the attached schematic drawing.

Fig. 1 shows schematically, partially in section, an engine system according to the invention in the blocking position of the organ to be driven (group of drive wheels).

Fig. 2 shows partially the same system in the position for forward travel. According to of the invention and in particular according to the types of application thereof and according to the embodiments its various parts which are preferable when making an engine system for motor vehicles is to be created, the procedure is as follows.

The engine system consists in particular of a heat engine 1 and a hydrostatic power transmission, which consists of a generator machine 2, which is carried along by the shaft 3 of the said heat engine, zgei recording machines 4 and 4a, which are mechanically connected to a drive wheel 5 or 5a of the vehicle. are.' an outlet channel 6 and a return channel 7, which are arranged in a closed circuit between the generator machine 2 and the two receiving machines 4 and 4a '. As will be explained below, the channels 6 and 7 are only used to open the pump and to return the liquid when the vehicle is moving forward, and their functions are reversed when the vehicle is reversing.

As shown in the drawing, the two receiving machines 4 and 4a are fed in parallel through two branch lines 8 and 8a of the outflow line 6 and they open in parallel into two branches 9 and ga, the return line 7. The usual direction of the circulation of the drive fluid of the main circuit ( for forward travel of the vehicle) is represented by dashed arrows in FIG. 1 (although this cycle does not take place in the blocking position shown in this figure). The discharge of the drive medium can be compensated for by removal from a container 10 which, in order to simplify the figures, has been shown at several points in these figures.

As a departure from this, it would be possible to omit the pick-up machine 4a and the two branch lines 8a and ga, in that the two drive wheels 5 and 5a are driven by the same pick-up machine 4.

In order to create a transmission with a variable ratio, the generator machine 2 is provided in such a way that the output from it Volume per revolution of the drive shaft _3 from a value zero to a maximum value such a device is well known to those skilled in the art is.

If necessary, the recording machines 4 and 4a can also be set up in such a way that the volume that they receive per revolution of their driven shafts 11 and 11a can be changed.

In order to allow the driver to regulate the torque developed by the heat engine 1 , an accelerator pedal 12 is made available to him, which is connected by a linkage (not shown) to the feed device of the said motor. The pedal 12, which can rotate about an axis 13 , must receive an impact in the direction of arrow f (FIG. 1) so that the output of the fuel supplied to the heat engine 1 is increased.

An outlet line 14, 15 is branched off from the outflow line 6 and opens into the container 10 in the manner indicated below. On this discharge line 14, 15 a progressive throttle member 16 is arranged, which is influenced by the accelerator pedal 12 (or the linkage connected to this pedal).

According to the invention, means are provided which respond to the position dde-mentioned pedal 12 (or the above-mentioned linkage) and, to the extent that this pedal is displaced in the direction of arrow f (Fig. 1), on the one hand, the throttle element 16 progressively Schlies.sen and, on the other hand, the unit output of the generator machine 2 increases from the value zero to the standstill of the wheels 5 and 5a.

Advantageously, the aforementioned means are arranged so that they respond to the pressure of a medium which circulates in an auxiliary circuit which comprises a medium source under pressure and a second progressive throttle element 17 which controls a derivation of said auxiliary circuit and is thus influenced by the pedal 12 that the pressure in the circuit is changed simultaneously with the displacement of said pedal. As the drawing shows, the pressurized fluid source can consist of a pump 18 with a constant unit output which is carried along by the shaft 3 of the heat engine 1 and sucks in fluid from the container 10 or from an auxiliary container. The outflow line 19 of the pump 18 comprises a first branch line 1ga which discharges to the container 10 (or the above-mentioned auxiliary container) through a channel controlled by the progressive throttle element 17. This member consists, for example, of a slide which has at least one groove 17a of progressive depth which cooperates with a recess 20 arranged in a fixed body 21. The throttling element is held against the pressure of the liquid supplied from the branch line 19 by a spring 22 which tends to close it and the force of which is regulated by the pedal 12 via a plunger 23 so that the outflow pressure of the pump.18 increases changed to the extent that the pedal 12 is moved in the direction of arrow f .

In order to make the throttling element 16, which belongs to the main circuit, sensitive to this latter pressure, a second branch line lgb is passed from the outflow line 19 , which belongs to the auxiliary circuit and is directed to one of the surfaces of a piston 24 which is fixed to the Organ 16 is connected. Like the element 17, this can consist of a slide which has at least one groove 16a of progressive depth which cooperates with a recess 25 in a fixed body 26 . The throttling element 16 is pressed against the pressure of the liquid supplied from the branch line 1b and acting on the piston 24 by a spring 27 which tends to open it.

A device 28 is arranged on the generator machine 2, by means of which it is possible to change the unit output of the machine and to make this device respond to the pressure that prevails in the branch line lgb, this is via a line 29 against one of the Surfaces of a piston 30 pressed, which can slide in a solid body 31 , while the other surface of the piston is normally connected by a conduit 32 to the outlet. The piston 30 is connected, for example by a finger 33, to a sliding sleeve 34 which is attached to the device 28 via a rod 35 which is connected to the device 28 by a lever 36 , the rod 35 from the slide 34 is preferably carried along with the aid of a spring 34a. A spring 37 tends to bring the lever 36 into the position ( shown in full lines in FIG. 1 ) in which the device 28 of the generator machine conveys a zero output, this spring opposing the pressure effect of the auxiliary circuit, which the Piston 30 is conveyed through line 29.

The device described above only allows driving wheels 5 and 5a to be driven in one direction (forward travel), the direction in which channel 6 acts as an outlet channel and channel 7 as a return channel (direction of the dashed arrows in FIG. 1). In order to allow the system mentioned to drive the drive wheels 5 and 5a also in reverse.

9 15 not only the usual - is connected to the drain line 14-Liche outflow channel 6 , but also the usual return channel via check valves 38; - A distributor is connected between the branch line Igb of the auxiliary circuit and the lines 29 and 32 , which is suitable for connecting either this branch with the line 29 and the line 32 with the container 10 , as described above (forwards) (Fig. 2) or to connect branch line 19b to line 32 and line 29 to container 10 (reverse); - a spring 37 is arranged such that it said spring is arranged in known manner between the plates 39 34 in the center position brings the sleeve shown in Figure 1, "the on depending on the case. the sleeve 34 or the body 31 support.

In addition, there is interest in setting up the above-mentioned distributor in such a way that, in addition to its positions for forwards and backwards, there is also a stop position (Fig. 1) in which it on the one hand the first section 14 of the discharge line 14, 15 opposite the throttle member 16 is isolated, this first section being protected by a relief valve device 40 and, on the other hand, the branch line lgb from the auxiliary circuit opposite the piston 30.

For this purpose, as shown in the drawing, a distributor with slide # 1 can be used, which is actuated by a lever 42 and can be fixed in its three working positions by a spring push 4.3. This slide has two grooves 44/45 which are separated by a field 46 and cooperate with a groove 47 which is connected to the branch line 19b , a groove 48 which is connected to the line 29, a groove 49 which is connected to the line 32 and two grooves 50 which are connected to the container 10 . In this way, in the middle position (Fig. 1) the field 46 isolates the groove 47 and the branch line lgb and the grooves 44 and 45 of the distributor connect the lines 29 and 32 via grooves 50 to the container 18 . 2) the groove 44 of the distributor connects the branch line 19b to the line 29 via grooves 47 and 48 and the line 32 to the container 10 via the groove 49 and a groove 50. In the reverse position, the groove 45 of the distributor connects the branch line 19b the line 32 via grooves 47 and 49 and the line 29 with the container 10 via the groove 48 and a groove 50.

The slide 41 also has two grooves 51 and 52 which are separated by a field 53 and cooperate with a groove 54 which is connected to the upstream portion 14 of the drain line 14-15 and with a groove 55 which is connected to the downstream portion 15 of said drain line is connected. In the middle position of the slide (Fig. 1) the field 53 isolates the two grooves 54 and 55 and accordingly the two sections of the drain line 14-15 and in the other two positions of the slide, the groove 51 (Fig. 2) or 52 ensures continuity de, r ge named line.

In order to finally allow the vehicle to be towed forwards or backwards when its heat engine 1 is at a standstill, the outflow line 6 or 7 is connected to the container 10 beyond the check valve 57a and 57b, which are provided for normal travel, via the check valve 57 ; Accordingly, a driving device whose function is as follows is achieved. If the slide manifold 41 in the Fig. 1 gene 29 and 32 connected to the container 10 without pressure and the sliding sleeve 34 is held by the spring 37 in a neutral position. The device 28 provides the generator machine 2 with a zero output. The recording machines 4 and 4a are blocked, as are the wheels 5 and 5a, and the vehicle is made immobile as a result. The heat engine can be started, which allows it to take the generator machine 2 (with zero output) and the pump 18 without the vehicle still standing still. The pump 18 delivers to the container 10 through the throttle element 17 . Any action on the accelerator pedal 12 has no effect after the auxiliary circuit fed by the pump 18 is isolated by the field 46 of the slide 41.

In order to gradually start the vehicle in forward travel, the driver brings the lever 42 of the distributor into the position according to FIG. 2, where it is held by the spring pushers 43. The oil discharged by the pump 18 is passed through the line 19 on the one hand with the help of the branch lga to the throttle element 17 , which keeps it under pressure and on the other hand with the help of the branch line lgb and the grooves 44, 47 and 48 and the line 29 to the right face of piston 30. The other face of this piston is held by grooves 45, 49 and 50 under zero pressure. The main circuit is then connected to the container 10 through the flap 38, the discharge line 14, 15 and the throttle element 16. The driver then gradually presses the pedal 12, which increases the tension of the spring 22 which tares the throttle element 17 . The pressure accordingly increases in the auxiliary circuit fed by the pump 18 progressively. The pressurized oil first moves the piston j0, the sleeve 34 and the rod 35 to the left in FIG. 2 against the action of the spring 37. The rod 35 lets the lever 36 off. the position in full lines. 1 tilt into position 36a and then into position 36b , which causes the output of generator machine 2 to rise from the value zero to a constantly increasing value. The output of the generator machine 2 is passed to the throttle element 16 . Since the pressure of the auxiliary circuit then increases and the springs 37 and 27 are adjusted accordingly, the throttle element 16 closes, which reduces the portion of the output of the generator machine that was initially passed to the throttle element 16 .. down to a value of zero and at the same time the part of this discharge which is directed to the receiving machines 4, 4 and 4a is increased up to 100% , the total output value of this machine increasing at the same time as a result of the fact that the piston 30 moves further. Accordingly, the vehicle starts moving progressively. In normal operation, any further action is exerted on the pedal 12 off by accelerating the engine and increasing the transmission ratio between the generator machine 2 and the receiving machines 4 and 4a.

When the driver takes his foot off the pedal 12, the spring 22 is released, the pressure in the auxiliary circuit drops and, first of all, the piston 30 is returned to its central position under the action of the spring 37 , while a progressive reduction in the unit output of the generator machine 2 takes place. Later and at the level of a number of revolutions of the heat engine 1, as it is permissible before the shutdown and accordingly at the level of a certain pressure in the auxiliary circuit, the throttle element 16 opens and releases the delivery line 14, 15 of the main circuit a little earlier than the delivery the generator machine arrives at its value zero, ie before the vehicle is blocked by the recording machines 4 and 4a. In this way, a progressive stopping of the vehicle is achieved while avoiding shutting down the heat engine 1. It should be noted that the amount of discharge that passes through the throttle member is always very small because it closes when the output of the generator machine 2 is set to a value of almost zero by the device 28.

In order to start the vehicle progressively in reverse gear and then stop it progressively, it is sufficient to push the slide 41 to the right in FIG. 1 , which brings about a displacement of the piston 30, the sleeve 34 and the rod 35 to the right the lever 36 then arriving at a position close to that shown by reference numeral 36c (Fig. 1) . This reverses the functions of the lines 29 and 32 and the channels 6 and 7 and the direction of circulation in the main circuit is then reversed with respect to the arrows shown in broken lines according to FIG. 1. Apart from that, the function of the system and the advantages achieved are identical to those that were used for forward travel.

In order to allow the vehicle to be towed with the heat engine 1 stopped, it is sufficient to bring the slide 41 of the distributor into one of the forward or reverse travel positions. The wheels 5 and 5a drive the prime movers 4 and 4a with them, which drive the liquid through the line 7 (or 6), the discharge lines 14, 15 and the throttle element 16 . The liquid thus sucked in from the other line 6 (or 7) is withdrawn in the container 10 through lines 56a (or 56b) and flap valves 57a (or 57b) and 57.

The vehicle can accordingly be towed with some braking due to the action of the throttle member 16 , braking which is useful in that it keeps the towing device taut.

Finally, the invention allows a progressive approach to the Vehicle moving forwards or backwards, progressive and not brutal Start-up, a possible locking of the wheels when the vehicle is stopped, an automatic one Uncouple before the speed of the vehicle falls to a value which there is a risk that the heat engine will stall and towing of the vehicle, if necessary.

As this goes without saying and as is evident from the above, the invention is in no way limited to those areas of application and Embodiments of its various parts as specifically described here on the contrary, the invention includes all modifications.

Claims (2)

P ata t a n s p r U che engine system, in particular for motor vehicles, comprising a heat engine (combustion engine or motor with progressive combustion) and hydrostatic power transmission from a generator engine (or pump) with variable duty is entrained by the said heat engine, and at least a pick-up machine (or hydraulic motor) mechanically connected to an organ to be driven, an outlet line and a return line arranged in closed circuits (main circuit) between the generator machine and the pick-up machine, characterized in that separately or in combination means be provided which are responsive to the position of the acceleration control and are useful in the extent that this control is shifted toward the Erhöhun @ the delivery of fuel to the engine to progressively close the above-mentioned throttling organ (ie progressively the fraction of the waste gift of the gene to reduce eratormaschine, which is diverted through the drain line and withdrawn from the Ailhahmmaschine) and to increase the unit output (per revolution of the heat engine) of the generator machine from a value of zero, which corresponds to the standstill of the organ to be driven. 2. Motor system according to claim 1, characterized in that said means respond to the pressure of a medium which circulates in an auxiliary circuit x which contains a DruckflÜssigkeitsquelle (such as a hydraulic pump with constant unit output, which is taken by the heat engine) and a second progressive throttling device which controls a derivation of said circuit, this latter device being influenced by the acceleration control in such a way that the pressure in said circuit changes simultaneously with the displacement of said acceleration control.