DE1444038C3 - Process for the treatment of textiles which contain wholly or predominantly natural cellulose fibers - Google Patents

Description

It is known from USA. Patent 3,041,199 to treat textiles made of cellulose fibers with so-called Reactantharzen as methylol compounds of alkyleneureas, along with acid acting curing agents in aqueous solution and to condense after drying by heating at temperatures above 100 ^0C. This gives the textiles not only the ability to uncrease when dry, but also to a moderate extent when they are wet. However, the mechanical properties of the goods suffer, in particular they become brittle, and the abrasion resistance is greatly reduced.

When using strong mineral acids as hardeners, as it is also known for such processes, you get a slightly better wet crease resistance, but the mechanical properties of the fibers suffer even more.

A slight improvement in the wet crease resistance is also possible if, as in the USA patent 2 899 263 was described, the goods before heating to higher temperatures to a low humidity is pre-dried. The mechanical strength of the textiles is however also due to this treatment is greatly reduced, which in particular results in a greatly reduced tear and abrasion resistance is expressed, so that here too an unfavorable ratio of the achieved anti-crease and Wash-and-wear effects on the tear and abrasion resistance losses results.

It is also known from British patent specification 905044, cellulose textiles also with a solution of Alkylenureas and acids from 1 to 10 normal to soak, after removing the excess Liquor, but still in a strongly swollen state of the fibers, for some time in a rolled-up state about Allow to linger at room temperature, then neutralize and rinse to remove the acid and finally to dry the goods. The wet crease angles are thereby increased, the dry crease angles but not; The so-called Monsanto image (surface uncrease after washing and drying without ironing) is moderate. The disadvantages of this known process can be found in Example 1.

It has now been found that very good non-iron behavior, i.e. H. good monsanto picture, as well can achieve high dry and wet crease angles in the manner described below, as can is not achievable with the methods customary up to now and with the mechanical properties of the Fibers suffer to a much lesser extent than in the known processes.

According to the invention, the textile material is made with a liquor which is a methylol compound of an alkylene urea with 2 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkylene group, in which 1 or 2 Η atoms are different Carbons can be replaced by hydroxyl groups, or the ethers of such methylol compounds with low monohydric alcohols and strong acids in amounts of about 0.1 to 3.5% of the liquor weight contains, treated, dried so far after the usual removal of the excess liquor that it still 4 to 24%, in particular 7 to 17%. of the weight of the goods contains water, whereupon the goods are in rolled up while avoiding the change in moisture content as much as possible for a long time - preferably at room temperature for about 4 to 30 hours, correspondingly at a moderately elevated temperature kÜTzer - lets linger, then washes out with the addition of neutralizing compounds, if necessary, rinses and dries.

The loss of tear and abrasion resistance is lower than with the known processes. Chlorine retention in Washing in water containing chlorine does not occur, and after many washes, white goods do not show yellowing. Such can be done when using methylol compounds of ethylene urea in the context of the process appear.

It is already known to let textiles stay rolled up for some time at 15 to 60 ° C. after treatment with an agent that cross-links with themselves or with the fibers at pH values below 2 in the presence of at most 10% moisture and then afterwards Neutralize and rinse to dry. A wide variety of compounds are mentioned as crosslinking agents, including methylol compounds of alkylene ureas. The residual moisture of 3 to 10% ⁱⁿ the goods should be achieved in such a way that either an emulsion or a solution of crosslinking agent and hardener in an organic solvent and water in an amount that creates such a moisture content on the goods is applied to the dry goods will. This requires precise dosing and special devices so that the water content of the goods is always completely uniform. The other possibility for carrying out this known process consists in soaking the goods in the usual way with the aqueous solution of the crosslinking agent, removing their excess and drying the goods.

Then, in a separate operation, the hardener is in organic solution or emulsion with the addition of so much water that the goods contain 3 to 10% moisture, applied. Apart from that of this additional treatment are special devices for working with organic Solvents are necessary, and it is difficult to apply the hardener and amount of water evenly. In both cases, the goods are completely dried beforehand, and again a precisely dosed one must be used Amount of water to be applied. The inventive method avoids these cumbersome methods Process for which, incidentally, the other crosslinking agents useful in the known process described are unsuitable.

The strong acids for the process according to the invention are hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acid or oxalic acid, while phosphoric acid is less suitable because of its lower acidity is.

The treatment liquors to be used according to the invention contain about 6 to 25% of the 100% S ^en methylol compounds or their ethers. If necessary, some of the methylol compounds up to a maximum of 40% of their weight can be replaced by nitrogen-free formaldehyde conversion products with mono- or polyhydric alcohols with up to 4 carbon atoms. Such admixtures can, however, impair the effects, chlorine retention or whiteness.
Fabrics made of natural cellulose, in particular made of cotton fibers, are suitable for the method. They can be mixed with other fibers, but the natural cellulose fibers must predominate.

Example 1

A mercerized, bleached cotton poplin with a square meter weight of 128 g is used with aqueous. Fleets consisting of

A) 350 g of a 50% strength aqueous Dimethylolpropy-

urea solution and 12 g of 36% hydrochloric acid per liter, -

B) as A), but with 350 g of a 50% aqueous dimethylolethyleneurea solution in place of the Dimethylol propylene urea solution,

C) as A), but with 350 g of a 50 ° / ₀ aqueous dimethylol-5-methylpropylenhamstofflösung instead of Dimethylolpropylenhamstofflösung,

D) 100 g of diniethylolethylene urea and 32 g of 98 ^O / _O ig ^e r sulfuric acid per liter according to Example 1 of British Patent 905 044,

E) as D), but with 100 g of dimethylolpropylene urea instead of dimethylolethylene urea and

F) as for D), but with 100 g of dimethylol-5-methylpropylenureaF instead of dimethylolethylene urea,

a) soaked on the padder, squeezed off to a liquor pick-up of 70%, dried on a stenter with hot air at 110 ^° C. to a residual moisture of 9% (measured with the Aqua-Boy from KP Mundinger GmbH, Renningen / Württ.) , rolled up smoothly after a short, customary passage of air, ^{left to linger at a temperature of 20 °} C. for 18 hours and then immediately washed out, neutralized with 2 g per liter of soda, rinsed and dried and

b) soaked in accordance with example 1 of British patent specification 905 044 at 6O ⁰ C, squeezed off to 70% liquor pick-up, wrapped in polyethylene film, then ^{left to stay for 3 hours at 6O 0} C and finally neutralized with soda, then rinsed and dried.

The samples are laid out in an air-conditioned room for 8 days and then the technological values the fabric treated with the liquors A) to F) according to methods a) and b) determined:

Fleet/
Way of treatment

According to the invention

A a)

B a)

Ca)

There)

E a)

F a)

State of
technology

Away)

B b)

C b)

D b)

E b)

F b)

Untreated ....

Crease angle

(Average

of warp and weft)

dry

wet

126
121
119
112
113
109

71
69
70
66
68
65

65

152
144
150
136
138
140

114
117
115
106
108
102

Tear strength according to SAT

in kg

Monsanto wrinkles after 5 washes with a spin cycle

14.8 16.0

15.3 15.5 15.2 15.4

18.2 17.5 18.4 14.6 15.2 16.2

21.5

45

4.5 to 5 4.5. 4.5 4 4 4

3 3 3

2.5 2.5 2.5

55

The equipment 60 according to the inventive process (A A to F a) that (b A to F b) of the prior art clearly superior. In addition, the equipment according to the invention is pleasant to the touch.

B e ί s ρ i e 1 2

A brightly printed cotton crown is soaked in a liquor consisting of 25% of a 50% dimethylol-5-hydroxypropyleneurea solution, 1.2% concentrated (65%) nitric acid and 73.8% water, squeezed to 65%, then to a residual moisture level dried by 12%, coughed up, ^{left to linger at 40 °} C. for an hour and finally washed out, neutralized and dried.

In addition to good dry and wet crease resistance, this kretonne shows only very little embrittlement, optimal chlorine resistance and no reduction in the lightfastness of the dyes.

Example 3

A mercerized, dyed cotton gabardine, which has an admixture of 33% polyester staple fibers, is impregnated with a liquor consisting of 30% of a 50% aqueous dimethylolpropyleneurea solution, 10% of a 50% aqueous dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea solution, 3.5% Oxalic acid and 56.5% water. Then it is squeezed off to a liquor pick-up of 60%, dried on a conventional drying frame to a residual moisture content of 5%, rolled up smooth, ^{left to stay at 25 °} C. for 16 hours and washed out, neutralized, rinsed and dried.

The cotton-polyester mixed gabardine treated in this way exhibits good wash-and-wear properties at high wet crease angles it also exhibits good dry crease resistance. The abrasion resistance is hardly diminished.

Example 4

A bleached poplin (75% cotton, 25% polyester, weight per square meter 120 g) is impregnated with a liquor containing 28% of a 50% aqueous dimethylolpropyleneurea solution, 4.5% of a 100 V _o igen reaction product of 1 mol of ethylene glycol and 2 mol Formaldehyde (for production see Belgian patent specification 619 811, Example 1), 1.2% of a concentrated (36%) hydrochloric acid and 66.3% H ₂ O.

The fabric is then squeezed off to a liquor pick-up of 65%, then to a residual moisture level of 8% dried, rolled up smoothly, left to linger at room temperature for 20 hours and finally washed out, neutralized and dried.

The poplin treated in this way shows only a slight decrease in addition to good wet and dry wrinkle resistance the abrasion resistance.

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Process for the treatment of textiles that are wholly or predominantly natural cellulose fibers contain, to achieve dry and wet crease resistance by treatment with aqueous Solutions of methylolalkyleneureas and acid hardeners, removal of the excess liquor and prolonged residence of the goods at normal to medium temperature, rinsing with water with any addition of neutralizing compounds and drying, S characterized in that the with an aqueous liquor which is a methylol compound of alkylene ureas, the alkylene group 2 to 3 carbon atoms and optionally one or two hydroxyl groups in place of H-Atomcn on different carbon atoms is substituted, or contains an ether such methylol compounds with lower monohydric alcohols, and about 0.1 to 3.5% ^CMA strong acid, Soaked goods freed from excess liquor are first brought by drying to a moisture content of about 4 to 24%, especially 7 to 17%, left in this state preferably for about 4 to 30 hours at normal temperature or correspondingly shorter b moderately elevated temperature and then i more usual Form completed by rinsing and drying will. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the textiles with liquors nimble which contain about 6 to 25% of the 100% methylol compounds. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, dadurc characterized in that the textiles with a float are treated, which contains those of propylene urea as methylol compounds. 4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the textiles are b * with a liquor that is a mixture of at least 60% of the methylolalkylenurea compounds according to claim 1 and a maximum of 40% of form aldebydumetzungprodukte polyvalent Alke hole with 1 to 4 Contains carbon atoms.